CN101008004A - 应用肝细胞系qsg-7701感染乙型肝炎病毒 - Google Patents
应用肝细胞系qsg-7701感染乙型肝炎病毒 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
应用肝细胞系QSG-7701感染HBV,包括如下步骤:培养的QSG-7701细胞直接感染HBV阳性血清中的或经纯化的HBV病毒颗粒。经DMSO处理或加入PEG可以辅助感染。肝细胞系QSG-7701来源获取容易;无须预分化诱导,可自然感染HBV,更接近体内肝细胞感染HBV的情况;更符合中国人种的特性。适用于HBV生活周期的研究,特别是感染过程的研究及针对感染过程相关靶点的药物研究。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种细胞系,特别是涉及到利用该细胞系感染乙型肝炎病毒。
背景技术
自1965年Blumberg首次在血友病患者发现乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)的“澳抗”以来,HBV的发现至今已有40余年,但目前人们对HBV的生活周期了解得并不透彻,对慢性乙型肝炎的治疗也缺乏有效药物。HBV的生活周期过程较为复杂,其基本过程包括病毒外包膜与细胞表面特异性受体的结合,病毒胞膜与细胞膜通过融合或吞噬作用完成病毒入胞,在包涵体中脱去外衣壳,核心蛋白携带HBV DNA进入细胞核并修补为cccDNA,随后转录出各病毒mRNA并翻译病毒蛋白并进行病毒颗粒组装和分泌(参见Seeger C,Mason WS.Hepatitis B virus biology.MicrobiolMol Biol Rev 2000;64:51-68)。HBV生活周期的深入研究依赖于良好的HBV细胞感染模型。目前只有人原代肝细胞(包括胚胎肝细胞)、树鼩原代肝细胞和新近建系的HepRG细胞可以支持HBV感染和复制。人原代肝细胞和树鼩原代肝细胞由于来源较困难,分离操作培养条件要求高,且原代肝细胞在体外的存活时间短(一般不超过1个月),因此并不适合于某些需长时间和大规模培养细胞的科学研究的要求(Guha C,Mohan S,Roy-Chowdhury N,et al.CeH culture and animal models of viral hepatitis,Part I:Hepatitis B.Lab Anim(NY)2004;33:37-46)。HepRG细胞建系于2002年,为肝祖细胞系,其经DMSO预分化诱导后可感染HBV。该细胞系未商品化,目前仅在建该细胞系的实验室使用,且应用于HBV感染研究需要预分化诱导,该模型的稳定性和可重复性尚有待检验(参见Gripon P,Rumin S,Urban S,et al.Infection of a human hepatoma cell lineby hepatitis B virus.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.2002;99:15655-15660)。因此,迄今为止尚缺乏稳定有效的可支持完整HBV生活周期的细胞系,这极大阻碍了HBV的生活周期各环节的深入研究,特别是生活周期早期环节中病毒特异性细胞受体和HBV DNA入核机制的研究;也极大地阻碍了新型抗HBV药物的筛选和研发。因此寻找能自然感染HBV的细胞系对HBV的病毒学研究和慢乙肝治疗仍极为重要。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的是提供一种能自然感染HBV的细胞系。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种方法,应用所述细胞系自然感染HBV。
本发明的上述发明目的通过如下技术方案来实现。
发明人通过研究,意外地发现肝细胞系QSG-7701能支持HBV的感染和复制。
肝细胞系QSG-7701建系于1977年,来源于肝癌患者(女性,35岁)手术切除的癌旁约6cm组织,该细胞系异常有丝分裂指数为6.2~14.3%,染色体第一主流数为57,为亚三倍体细胞;其可表达A1b,其中少数细胞表达AFP,认为其可能为癌前状态细胞(参见朱德厚,王金兵.人体肝癌宿主肝细胞系(QSG-7701)的培养及其与肝癌细胞的比较.肿瘤防治研究,1979;5:7-9)。这个细胞系已经商业化,可以通过商业渠道购买,例如中国科学院细胞生物所(上海)。
应用肝细胞系QSG-7701感染HBV,包括如下步骤:培养的QSG-7701细胞直接感染HBV阳性血清中的或经纯化的HBV病毒颗粒。优选的步骤是,培养的QSG-7701细胞经1-2%DMSO处理后再感染HBV阳性血清中的或经纯化的HBV病毒颗粒;或者培养的QSG-7701细胞感染HBV阳性血清中的或者经纯化的HBV病毒颗粒,同时加入2-4%PEG辅助感染。进一步优选的步骤是,培养的QSG-7701细胞感染HBV阳性血清中的或者经纯化的HBV病毒颗粒,同时加入1-2%DMSO和2-4%PEG辅助感染。
QSG-7701建系至今使用时间已有30余年,细胞系稳定而且已经商化品,因此来源获取容易。能弥补原代肝细胞(包括成人原代肝细胞、胎肝细胞及树鼩原代肝细胞)来源困难,体外存活时间短的缺点;HepRG细胞也未商品化,仅在个别实验室应用,难以取得细胞。
不同于HepRG细胞需要预分化诱导后才能进行感染研究,普通培养的QSG-7701细胞即可自然感染HBV,这在更大程度上接近体内肝细胞感染HBV的情况。因此QSG-7701适用于HBV生活周期的研究,特别是感染过程的研究及针对感染过程相关靶点的药物研究。如细胞表面HBV特异性受体的相关研究,以及核心颗粒携带HBV DNA进入细胞核动力学过程的研究。由此可以开发阻止HBV与细胞表面特异性受体结合,以及阻止核心颗粒在细胞内解聚和入核的药物。
目前广泛使用的肝(癌)细胞系如HepG2、Huh7,其建系组织均来源于白种人。而肝细胞系QSG-7701来源于一中国女性肝癌患者手术切除的癌旁组织,其被鉴定为癌前肝细胞。由于该细胞系为中国人来源,且接近于正常肝细胞,因此其支持HBV复制的特点更符合中国人种的特性和接近体内肝细胞情况。
附图说明
图1A所示为HepG2细胞感染HBV后2d核心蛋白在细胞内的分布情况,红色为核心蛋白,蓝色为细胞核;显示感染后核心蛋白主要分布于胞浆,不能携带HBV DNA进入细胞核。
图1B所示为QSG-7701感染HBV后2d核心蛋白在细胞内的分布情况,红色为核心蛋白,蓝色为细胞核;显示感染后核心蛋白主要分布于核内及核周。
图2所示为HBV感染3d后细胞内HBV复制中间体检测情况;
图3A所示为感染后培养上清HBV DNA变化情况;
图3B所示为感染后培养上清HBsAg变化情况。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体的实施例,结合附图对本发明进行进一步的说明。
HepG2细胞为经典的肝癌细胞系,其可支持HBV复制但不能为HBV感染,我们以此细胞系为对照,以HBV阳性血清感染HepG2和QSG-7701细胞为例说明感染实验过程。
[实施例1]
1)细胞培养和感染:HBV阳性血清取自临床检测标本,经实时定量PCR检测后病毒拷贝数为2×108拷贝/ml。HepG2和QSG-7701细胞(购自中科院细胞生物所,上海)复苏后以10%FBS(Hyclone,美国)DMEM培养基(Sigma,美国)培养。细胞接种至6孔板生长至80%汇合时开始感染试验,换无血清DMEM 2ml,加入0.5ml的HBV阳性血清(病毒总量为1×108拷贝/孔)。各组细胞37℃孵育16h,用PBS洗2次,并加入酸洗脱液(50mM甘氨酸,150mM NaCl,加1M HCl调节至pH 2.2)浸泡2min后再以PBS洗3次尽可能去除粘附病毒。换含5%FBS DMEM的培养基培养,隔日完全换液,取上清离心后-20℃冻存备检。
2)免疫荧光细胞化学检测HBcAg分布:由于HBV阳性血清中存在大量的管形或者小球形HBsAg颗粒,而只有含有核心颗粒的病毒颗粒为完整的Dane’s颗粒,因此我们采用HBcAg作为跟踪病毒颗粒去向的标志。为能灵敏检测进入细胞的HBcAg,我们采用SABC免疫荧光细胞化学染色方法检测细胞内HBcAg的定位。检测方法如下:HepG2和QSG-7701细胞感染HBV后,4%多聚甲醛4℃固定过夜,0.2%Trinton-PBS透膜10min。加抗-HBcAg一抗(1∶100稀释,兔来源,Signet,美国)4℃过夜,二抗为生物素标记羊抗兔IgG(1∶100),室温1h。再加入Cy3标记的链霉亲和素(红色荧光;博士德生物技术公司,中国)。以荧光染料DAPI(蓝色荧光;Vector,美国)进行细胞核DNA荧光染色及封片,荧光显微镜下观察并数码成相(Olympas,日本),结果见图1A和图1B。
3)培养上清中HBsAg和HBV DNA检测:以全自动酶免分析仪(Roche,Elecsys 2010)采用电化学发光检测试剂盒(Roche,美国)进行细胞培养上清中的HBsAg定量,HBsAg定量标准品由试剂盒内提供。HBVDNA采用实时定量PCR检测试剂盒(深圳匹基生物技术公司,中国)检测,检测仪器为LightCycler实时定量PCR仪(Roche),标准品由试剂盒内提供。实时定量PCR条件如试剂说明书。重复进行5次,统计处理后检测结果见图3A和图3B。
4)病毒复制中间体检测:以Southern blot方法作病毒的复制中间体检测,取感染后第3d细胞2×106,以细胞裂解液(50mM Tris-HCl,pH7.4,1mM EDTA,1%NP40)裂解细胞,酚氯仿法抽提胞浆中的DNA作常规的Southem blot检测。X光感光胶片曝光30min(Kodak,USA)。HBV全基因组探针制备采用Dig标记PCR试剂盒(Roche,USA)。检测结果见图2。
从图1 A可以看出,HepG2细胞感染HBV后2d核心蛋白主要分布于胞浆中,核内呈阴性(400倍),这显示核心蛋白不能进入细胞核。从图1B可以看出,QSG-7701感染HBV后2d核心蛋白主要分布于胞核,提示核心颗粒携带HBV DNA入核无障碍(400倍)。
图2所示为HBV感染3d后细胞内HBV复制中间体检测,HepG2细胞仅可检测出较弱rcDNA信号,无复制中间体检出。QSG-7701细胞感染后可有复制中间体dsDNA和ssDNA的检出。
感染后培养上清HBV DNA变化情况见图3A;感染后培养上清HBsAg变化情况见图3B。HepG2细胞感染后第1和第3培养上清中可有微量HBV DNA和HBsAg的检出,但此后即消失,推测为细胞表面粘附病毒脱落至培养上清所致。QSG-7701感染后上清中HBV DNA和HBsAg呈上升趋势,至第5d到达峰值,此后下降,可维持约9d,推测可能由于细胞的内在免疫功能抑制了HBV复制所致。
HepG2细胞感染后细胞内病毒复制中间体阴性,显示其不能支持HBV直接感染,与其它观察一致(参见Paran N,Geiger B,Shaul Y.HBVinfection of cell culture:evidence for multivalent and cooperative attachment.EMBO J.2001;20:4443-4453)。QSG-7701细胞感染HBV后核心蛋白聚集于胞核中,显示该细胞可以支持病毒的入胞及核心蛋白携带HBV DNA进入细胞核。感染后细胞内病毒复制中间体及培养上清中HBsAg及HBVDNA的产生情况也证明了QSG-7701细胞成功为HBV感染并支持HBV复制。
[实施例2]
基本上按照实施例1的步骤,只不过采用纯化的病毒颗粒代替HBV阳性血清。得到与实施例1类似的实验结果。实验结果证明,HBV阳性血清和纯化的HBV颗粒均能感染QSG-7701细胞,但纯化病毒颗粒的感染性强于阳性血清。
[实施例3]
基本上按照实施例1的步骤,但是加入1-2%DMSO辅助感染。
[实施例4]
基本上按照实施例1的步骤,但是加入2-4%PEG辅助感染。
[实施例5]
基本上按照实施例1的步骤,但是在感染同时添加1-2%DMSO和2-4%PEG辅助感染。
DMSO和PEG能够使更多的病毒颗粒结合于细胞表面,增加细胞对HBV病毒颗粒的摄入从而有助于HBV感染(参见Glebe D,Berting A,Broehl S,et al.Gerlich WH,Schaefer S.Optimised conditions for theproduction of hepatitis B virus from cell culture.Intervirology.2001;44(6):370-378)。此外DMSO还可以提高HBV的复制水平和病毒蛋白的表达水平,但其作用机制尚不明确。
实验结果证明,感染同时加入1-2%DMSO和/或2-4%PEG能进一步提高模型的稳定性和病毒复制水平。
描述上述实施例的目的仅仅在于说明本发明的具体实施方案,它们的任何部分都不能理解为对本发明的限制。本领域一般技术人员在领会本发明精髓的前提下,可以对具体实施方案作出适当的改动。这些方案都在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (11)
1.HBV感染的肝细胞系QSG-7701。
2.根据权利要求1所述的HBV感染的肝细胞系QSG-7701,其中QSG-7701细胞直接感染HBV阳性血清中的或经纯化的HBV病毒颗粒。
3.根据权利要求1所述的HBV感染的肝细胞系QSG-7701,其中QSG-7701细胞经1-2%DMSO处理后再感染HBV阳性血清中的或经纯化的HBV病毒颗粒。
4.根据权利要求2所述的HBV感染的肝细胞系QSG-7701,其中加入2-4%PEG辅助感染。
5.根据权利要求2所述的HBV感染的肝细胞系QSG-7701,其中加入1-2%DMSO和2-4%PEG辅助感染。
6.肝细胞系QSG-7701在HBV感染细胞模型中的应用。
7.根据权利要求6所述的肝细胞系QSG-7701在HBV感染细胞模型中的应用,其中QSG-7701细胞直接感染HBV阳性血清中的或经纯化的HBV病毒颗粒。
8.根据权利要求6所述的肝细胞系QSG-7701在HBV感染细胞模型中的应用,其中QSG-7701细胞经1-2%DMSO处理后再感染HBV阳性血清中的或经纯化的HBV病毒颗粒。
9.根据权利要求7所述的肝细胞系QSG-7701在HBV感染细胞模型中的应用,其中加入2-4%PEG辅助感染。
10.根据权利要求7所述的肝细胞系QSG-7701在HBV感染细胞模型中的应用,其中加入1-2%DMSO和2-4%PEG辅助感染。
11.肝细胞系QSG-7701在HBV感染和复制细胞模型中的应用。
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US12/523,085 US8124409B2 (en) | 2007-02-02 | 2008-01-29 | Utilizing liver cell line QSG-7701 to be infected with hepatitis B virus |
PCT/CN2008/070211 WO2008095438A1 (fr) | 2007-02-02 | 2008-01-29 | Utilisation de la lignée cellulaire du foie qsg-7701 à infecter avec le virus de l'hépatite b |
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CN114731988A (zh) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-07-12 | 昆明市第一人民医院 | 一种hbv感染的树鼩模型构建方法及树鼩模型 |
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CN100497603C (zh) | 2007-02-02 | 2009-06-10 | 北京大学人民医院 | 应用肝细胞系qsg-7701感染乙型肝炎病毒 |
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WO2008095438A1 (fr) * | 2007-02-02 | 2008-08-14 | Peking University People's Hospital | Utilisation de la lignée cellulaire du foie qsg-7701 à infecter avec le virus de l'hépatite b |
US8124409B2 (en) | 2007-02-02 | 2012-02-28 | Peking University People's Hospital | Utilizing liver cell line QSG-7701 to be infected with hepatitis B virus |
CN114731988A (zh) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-07-12 | 昆明市第一人民医院 | 一种hbv感染的树鼩模型构建方法及树鼩模型 |
CN114731988B (zh) * | 2022-05-23 | 2023-10-20 | 昆明市第一人民医院 | 一种hbv感染的树鼩模型构建方法及树鼩模型 |
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