CN1006744B - Method for producing superhuge anisotropy rare earth permanent magnet - Google Patents
Method for producing superhuge anisotropy rare earth permanent magnetInfo
- Publication number
- CN1006744B CN1006744B CN 88100009 CN88100009A CN1006744B CN 1006744 B CN1006744 B CN 1006744B CN 88100009 CN88100009 CN 88100009 CN 88100009 A CN88100009 A CN 88100009A CN 1006744 B CN1006744 B CN 1006744B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- permanent magnet
- sintering
- rare earth
- hour
- magnetic field
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to a special method for manufacturing an extremely large anisotropic rare earth permanent magnet with weight of about 1kg by using a powder metallurgical process. The present invention uses the orientation of the high pulse magnetic field of a flexible mold. After vacuum pumping is carried out, cold isostatic pressing, sintering and tempered heat treatment are carried out. The present invention can obtain magnetism similar to that of the prior art simultaneously, greatly enlarges and increases the size and the weight of permanent magnets. Therefore, yield and production efficiency are enhanced, oxidation is reduced, and the consistency of magnets is improved.
Description
The invention belongs to the method for making superhuge anisotropy rare earth iron boron permanent magnet with powder metallurgy process.
At present, making the technology of rare-earth permanent magnet both at home and abroad with powder metallurgy process, generally is to adopt the non-magnetic alloy mould, the permanent magnetic field orientating of direct current.Magnet weight (comprising parallel pressure and vertical pressure) with the method orientating molded forming seldom can surpass 500 grams.But along with developing rapidly of rare earth permanent magnet, many occasions need the uniform permanent magnet of bulk quality, and in the manufacturing of miniaturized component, often the scheme with the bulk cutting is the most suitable, both can reduce oxidation, improved the consistency of magnet again, this high-performance Ne-Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnet in very easily oxidation is particularly important in producing.But when the pressing orientating briquet is oversize, the alignment magnetic field step-down, magnetic property is step-down also, and powder flowbility is poor, and briquet density contrast everywhere is big, and cracking, lamination appear in final sintering.European patent EP 006348A
2A kind of anisotropy permanent magnet production method is disclosed, be that magnetic is placed the rubber cover die, be orientated through the pulse high-intensity magnetic field, adopt the capacitor discharge type pulser, its magnetic field intensity is at least 50000Oe, vacuumize then and carry out isostatic compaction, sintering and heat treatment, its permanent magnet that relates to is SmCO
5Alloy yet there are no report so far and this method is applied to the situation of rare-earth iron-boron permanent magnet.
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, obtain a kind of bulk anisotropy rare-earth iron-boron permanent magnet method of making high conformity, and reduce oxidation.
The present invention places the rare-earth iron-boron permanent-magnet powder among the soft mode, pulse highfield orientation, cold isostatic compaction, sintering, heat treatment.
High impulse alignment magnetic field of the present invention is a solenoidal field, adopts the capacitor discharge type pulser, and its stored energy capacitance is about 47.5KJ, voltage is adjustable, reaches as high as 5000V, and the solenoid useful space is φ 60 * 120～φ 100 * 150mm, producing magnetic field is 20,000～60,000 Austria.Place pulsed magnetic field through being orientated for several times soft mode, have in magnetic field certain gradient where magnetic be subjected to magneticaction and move, its as a result density increase, because generally be the central magnetic field height, magnetic field, two magnetic is low slightly, gradient direction points to the center, and the two ends powder is to the center impact extrusion, and the suitable briquet of its result is subjected to a two-way compression stress.Magnetic field orientating needs more than twice, to improve the degree of orientation.
Soft mode of the present invention is by having certain elasticity and flexible rubber, plastics and paper are made, and its size is pressed the magnetic patch final size and amplified, and its shrinkage generally will get 28～40% with to adorn powder density and isostatic pressure relevant.Magnetic will evenly be adorned real (can not be too tight) earlier in soft mode, membranous wall should have certain intensity to avoid being orientated explosion in the process that magnetizes, and treats that it is to vacuumize in the sealing shroud that orientation is finished the poly-bag of briquet inclosure afterwards, carries out isostatic cool pressing after the sealed knot.
Isostatic cool pressing technology of the present invention is: after the soft mode that finishes of orientation vacuumizes through sealing in pulsed magnetic field, place etc. in the static pressure cavity and impose 3～5T/cm
2Pressure, remove sealing shroud and take out the compacting briquet and do suitable shaping and just prepare sintering.
The main points of sintering process are: 400～500 ℃ of insulation half an hour, be warmed up to 700～800 ℃ with stove in vacuum heat treatment furnace, be incubated 0.5～1 hour, argon filling, 1050～1220 ℃ of sintering 1～2 hour.Because magnet volume is bigger, thus when heating up programming rate piece too, can not go into stove by high temperature.The soaking zone that makes it fully venting and eliminating Volatile Elements gas at low temperature should be arranged.Cooling system after the sintering is slow cooling or the cold system of stove.Because if quench after the sintering, on the one hand can not through hardening, also there is the cracking may on the other hand.
Heat treatment after the briquet sintering is: briquet carries out timeliness heat treatment at last through being processed into fritter after, with the coercive force of raising magnet (
1Hc).The classification that its heat treating regime is looked rare-earth permanent magnet is different and different.
Below in conjunction with effect of the present invention embodiment is described.
Contain the Nd Fe B alloys of Al with vacuum induction furnace smelting, the heavy 4kg of ingot, the surplus Fe(percentage by weight of its chemical analysis 36Nd-1.0B-0.6Al-).Get material 1.2kg ingot bar, slightly broken with jaw crusher, impact in the flour mill being broken into-60 purpose powder, wear into the powder that particle mean size is 3～10 μ m through the vibration flour mill, with the soft mode of φ 58 * 120mm, dress powder 1kg, after evenly adorning in fact, seal soft mode, be placed on the impulse solenoid medium position.Discharge voltage is 2000～3000 volts, 40,000～60, is orientated twice in 000 magnetic field difficult to understand, softens mould in sealing shroud, vacuum-pumping and sealing.Cold isostatic compaction, pressure are 3～5T/cm
2Peel off soft mode, suitably promptly carry out sintering after the shaping.
Sintering schedule: heat up vacuum 400 ℃ * 0.5 hour, 800 ℃ * 0.5 hour, fill Ar, 1070 ℃ * 30 minutes, 1100 ℃ * 20 minutes, 1050 ℃ * 1 hour, with the boiler tube water-cooled, the heavy 0.94kg of the briquet of coming out of the stove, average diameter φ 45, long approximately 80mm, footpath 600 ℃ * 1 hour, temper, after the boiler tube cooling, cut φ 10 * 10mm sample from the end, do Magnetic Measurement, result such as table 1.
In order to contrast the performance of using same powder and same sintering schedule two kinds of magnets that only the oriented moulding mode is different, the special control sample of having done, its technology is: 1, vertical precompressed under the 50000e magnetic field, and then 5T/cm
2Deng static pressure, sinter the magnet of 41 * 20 * 12mm into.Through measuring its magnetic result such as table 1.Big magnet coercive force is low be when quenching cooling slow due to, the higher explanation orientation of its Br is successful.
Can find out that from table 1 the present invention is when obtaining close magnetic with prior art, its magnet size, weight can increase substantially, thereby can improve recovery rate and production efficiency, reduce oxidation, improve the magnet consistency.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of manufacture method of superhuge anisotropy rare earth iron boron permanent magnet, be that magnetic is packed in the soft mode, place the high impulse solenoidal field to be orientated, the capacitor discharge type pulser is adopted in impulse solenoid magnetic field, the soft mode briquet that orientation is good is enclosed in the sealing shroud and is vacuumized, carry out isostatic cool pressing, then sintering and heat treatment.It is characterized in that: the sintering process of this rare-earth iron-boron permanent magnet is: 400～500 ℃ of insulations are 0.5～1 hour in vacuum heat treatment furnace, are warmed up to 700～800 ℃ with stove, be incubateds 0.5～1 hour, and 1050～1220 ℃ of sintering 1～2 hour slowly cool off.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88100009 CN1006744B (en) | 1988-01-05 | 1988-01-05 | Method for producing superhuge anisotropy rare earth permanent magnet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88100009 CN1006744B (en) | 1988-01-05 | 1988-01-05 | Method for producing superhuge anisotropy rare earth permanent magnet |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1035738A CN1035738A (en) | 1989-09-20 |
| CN1006744B true CN1006744B (en) | 1990-02-07 |
Family
ID=4831116
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88100009 Expired CN1006744B (en) | 1988-01-05 | 1988-01-05 | Method for producing superhuge anisotropy rare earth permanent magnet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1006744B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101853725B (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2012-04-25 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Preparation method of sintered Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic material |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5666635A (en) * | 1994-10-07 | 1997-09-09 | Sumitomo Special Metals Co., Ltd. | Fabrication methods for R-Fe-B permanent magnets |
| CN101619381B (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2011-04-20 | 浙江升华强磁材料有限公司 | Tempering method for sintering Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet |
| CN102451909B (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2015-11-25 | 宁波科宁达工业有限公司 | A kind of sintering of sintered Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic material and tempering method |
-
1988
- 1988-01-05 CN CN 88100009 patent/CN1006744B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101853725B (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2012-04-25 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Preparation method of sintered Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1035738A (en) | 1989-09-20 |
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