CN100591187C - 用于灯具加热和减光控制的集成电路 - Google Patents

用于灯具加热和减光控制的集成电路 Download PDF

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CN100591187C
CN100591187C CN200610006026A CN200610006026A CN100591187C CN 100591187 C CN100591187 C CN 100591187C CN 200610006026 A CN200610006026 A CN 200610006026A CN 200610006026 A CN200610006026 A CN 200610006026A CN 100591187 C CN100591187 C CN 100591187C
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filament
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light fixture
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CN1809239A (zh
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约翰·周
林永霖
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O2Micro International Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/39—Controlling the intensity of light continuously
    • H05B41/392—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor
    • H05B41/3921—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations
    • H05B41/3927—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations by pulse width modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps
    • H05B41/298—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2981—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2985—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions against abnormal lamp operating conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/39—Controlling the intensity of light continuously
    • H05B41/392—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor
    • H05B41/3921—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
    • Y10S315/04—Dimming circuit for fluorescent lamps

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  • Discharge-Lamp Control Circuits And Pulse- Feed Circuits (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
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  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种供灯具或灯泡用之电子镇流器。在一实施例中，本发明包括一镇流控制器，其包括有灯丝加热电路与减光电路。灯丝加热电路可包括预先加热灯丝一预定期间以点亮灯丝预先加热减光电路，及在灯具的稳态操作期间持续加热灯丝的稳态加热电路。稳态加热电路可被用以与灯具之所欲减光值成反比例地加热灯丝。减光电路可包括传统类比减光及/或突发同步模式减光以定义供灯具用之范围较广之减光特性。

Description

用于灯具加热和减光控制的集成电路
本申请是申请号为01812644.8、申请日为2001年4月3日、发明名称为“用于灯具加热和减光控制的集成电路”的专利申请的分案申请。
发明背景
电子镇流器被用以驱动热阴极管萤光灯具(HCFL)。此电子镇流器需要对灯丝及引燃电压提供预先加热能量以点亮灯具。在灯具点亮后，电子镇流器应规律灯具电流并持续供应较低水平的加热能量至灯丝。为节省能源，电子镇流器最好可进行减光控制。当HCFL操作于各种减光条件时，灯丝之加热能量应据此而调整以确保灯丝之正常寿命。据此，本发明提供可提供预先加热能量予灯丝，并提供灯具之各种减光控制之控制电路。
发明内容
据此，本发明提供一电子镇流器，该电子镇流器含有一可变电压源，该变电压源可产生指示热阴极管萤光灯具所欲减光值的第一信号，及指示该可变电压源之平均功率的第二信号。一镇流器控制器被提供，其包括有灯丝电流控制电路，该灯丝电流控制电路包含在一预定期间对灯具之灯丝产生预先加热灯丝电流的预先加热灯丝电流控制电路以及在该预定期间后产生与所欲减光值成反比例之稳态灯丝加热电流之稳态灯丝电流控制电路。此控制器亦包括减光电路，该减光电路包含接收该第一信号且产生与所欲减光值成比例之PWM(脉宽调制)信号的突发PWM产生器；接收指示施加至该灯具之电流的信号并比较指示施加至该灯具的电流的信号和该PWM减光信号以产生可变电力控制信号之电流反馈电路；及接收该可变电力控制信号并产生通过反相该第二信号而得到的与电力控制信号成比例的AC信号的反相器电路。此镇流器系统更包括输出电路，该输出电路耦接至包含接收该AC信号以递送点亮与稳态正弦电力至该灯具的空腔谐振器电路的该反相器电路。
在另一实施例中，本发明提供一电子镇流器系统，其包含产生指示热阴极萤光灯具所欲减光值之第一信号以及指示该可变电压源之平均功率之第二信号的可变电压源。一镇流器控制器被提供，其包括有灯丝电流控制电路，该灯丝电流控制电路包含在一预定期间对该灯具之灯丝产生预先加热灯丝电流的预先加热灯丝电流控制电路及在该预定期间后产生稳态灯丝加热电流的稳态灯丝电流控制电路；用以改变递送至该灯具作为该第一信号值的函数的电力减光电路；及根据该减光电路由该第二信号产生一AC信号之全桥式反相器电路。此镇流器亦包括输出电路，该输出电路耦接至全桥式反相器的输出，该全桥式反相器包含接收该AC信号并产生正弦信号以递送点亮和稳态电力至该灯具的空腔谐振电路。
本领域技术人员将可了解，虽然下列详细叙述将参考例示实施例及使用方法而进行，但本发明之范围并不限于该等例示实施例于使用方法。详而方之，本发明之范围更广，且仅受限于申请专利范围所设限之范围图式简要说明。
附图说明
本发明之其余特征对本领域技术人员而言可参考下列详细叙述及参考图式而更为清楚，其中相同编号代表相同之部件，其中：
第1图为本发明之灯具减光与加热控制电路之例示方块图；
第2图为根据本发明的用于灯具灯丝电流控制的释例电路；及
第3A、3B、及3C图为本发明之例示HCFL减光电路的电路释例与时序图。
具体实施方式
参考第1图，其设有供热阴极管萤光灯具(HCFL)所用的释例镇流器控制系统10。此控制系统10包括产生减光水平电压信号(整流器2)和线水平电压信号(整流器1)的传统整流器14和16；包括灯丝预先加热电路的控制器12；稳态灯丝加热电路；减光电路；及用以产生驱动热阴极萤光灯具(HCFL)的高电压AC信号的反相器电路。该系统更包括施加预先加热与稳态灯丝加热电流于灯具20之驱动电路18及供灯具20操作的控制电压。反馈电路22被提供以产生指示灯具状况之反馈信号。此等功能性元件将于下文详述。
首先，应了解者为第1图之IC实施方块图为用于控制包括灯丝预先加热电路与减光电路的一或多个HCFL(S)的单一IC释例实施例。熟于此技都将可确知第1图所给示之IC仅为本发明许多释例其中之一，且本发明并非仅限于第1图之释例。甚者，下列详细叙述将参考第1图之IC之特定接脚而进行，然而，此等特定接脚仅为释例用且同样地并非用以限制本发明。
灯丝加热控制
本发明之控制器12包括预先加热灯丝加热控制电路26以在一预定期间控制并递送预定电流至灯具之灯丝，及稳态灯丝电流控制电路28以控制在灯具之稳态操作期间所施加之电流。如本领域技术人员所了解，在点亮各种热阴极管之灯具前，灯丝必需在供给必要点亮电压前预先加热。下文叙述是针对释例实施例之控制器12之方块24、26、28、30、及32之电路与方法而说明。
减光电路之更为详细叙述提供如下。然而，为更了解灯丝加热控制之目的，整流器2(14)产生由整流器之位置角所决定之DC电压，举例言之，如整流器2之分压器相关的三端双向可控硅开关元件(Triac)的位置组合所设定。此程序将可为本领域技术人员所了解。此将产生与所欲减光值成比例之电压信号，Vdim42。此减光水平信号42被输入于控制器与Vbus检测方块24。在此实施例中，VBus检测24包含检测在三端双向可控硅开关元件出现之电压之一般磁滞比较器，并被用以产生导通预先加热灯丝控制电路26与灯丝控制电路28(及下述控制器12之其他元件)之致动信号40。换言之，控制器12在三端双向可控硅开关元件未产生可变电压时并未产生预先加热或稳态灯丝电流。
如同热于镇流器领域者所习知，且特别是用于驱动HCFLs之镇流器，不同之灯具20要求不同之灯丝预先加热电流及/或预先加热灯丝所需之时间。据此，本发明包括使用者可定义插脚64，用于提供与被递交至灯具灯丝的所欲预先加热电流的数量成比例的信号。同样地，插脚72允许镇流器设计者设定一个期间来定义预先加热期间，例如，通过连接至Cpreheat插脚72之外部电容器而设定。为建立灯具于稳态操作期间所使用之最大与最小灯丝电流，插脚68与72被用以建立欲被递送至灯具20之灯丝的最小与最大灯丝电流数量。
回到第2图之详细释例方块图，释例电路系被显示以供第1图之预先加热灯丝控制箱26、稳态灯丝电流控制箱28、高频脉宽调制箱30、及预先加热时序控制箱36所用。举例而言，如图所示，灯丝预先加热信号64、最大稳态灯丝加热电流控制信号68、及最小稳态丝加热电流控制信号70(各自表示为灯丝DIM-MAX及灯丝DIM-MIN)可使用分压器与电压参考信号Vref86而产生。本领域技术人员将可确知此处所描述之信号之产生仅系供释例说明用，且此等信号可以其他方法达成下述之功能，且此种替换皆系为本发明这范围所包括。灯丝预先加热插脚64对特定灯具设定预先加热水平。此灯丝预先加热程序将叙述如下。
一旦被VBus检测电路24(如上所述)致动，预先加热灯丝控制电路26接收灯丝预先加热信号64并产生DC信号指示(或与之成比例)供灯丝预先加热用之所欲电流设定。预先加热灯丝控制电路26基本上包含选择器开关，该选择器开关由通过信号64以产生供预先加热灯具之灯丝用的预定灯丝电流的致动信号所控制。在第2图所示之释例实施例中，多数灯具制造者所要求之范围通常约2伏特至约7伏特间，虽然此范围可根据灯具的操作特性而设定至任合所欲水平。
此预先加热时间是由预先加热时序控制电路36所设定且通常定义如下。在插脚72之外部电容器Cpreheat通常定义由电路26所产生之预先加热电流预选加热灯具之时间。如本领域技术人员所了解，电流或电压源106经由以致动信号40所控制之开关108而被提供以充电预先加热电容器。比较器110比较预先加热电容器之充电所产生之电压与参考电压(在第2图之释例中，参考电压被所示为6.8伏特，但可被选择做为所欲输出之任何参考电压)。通常，电流或电压源106被选择为大于提供给比较器110之参考电压，虽然其相反设定取决于所提供之开关架构而亦有可能为真。一旦预先加热电容器上之电荷超过参考电压，比较器110产生控制信号，开关S1及S2之传导状态将讨论于下。预先加热时序控制电路36更包括由重置信号38所控制的重置开关112且其可操作以泄放储存预先加热电容器内之能量，从而在控制器被重置后可避免错误信号进入比较器。因此，预先加热电容器之时间常数与本发明之控制器所定义之预先加热时间期间成比例，且可由选择所欲电容器设定为任何所欲时间。灯丝预先加热时间期间可藉由提高或降低施用至比较器110之参考电压而调整以缩短或延长预先加热灯丝控制电路26将预先加热电流递送至灯具之灯丝的期间。
一旦由预先加热时序控制电路36所定义之时间期间结束，开关S1切换(由比较器110所产生之控制信号所控制)至施加稳态灯丝电流至灯具的灯丝电流控制电路28的输出。为确保欲施用至灯丝之稳态电流之满意操作范围，灯丝控制电路28经由信号68及70设定欲被施用至灯具之灯丝的最小与最大电流。电路28可操作地接收整流器2(14)所设定特定减光电压并确保减光电压值操作于信号68及70所设定最小与最大值间。
在预先加热时间与稳态时间期间，电路26与28之输出信号被施用至高频脉宽调制器电路30以在此二期间内递送一定比例之灯丝电流至灯具之灯丝。高频脉宽调制器电路基本上包含比较器114，其可以比较电路26或28之输出与举例而言，如第1图所示之高频振器44所提供之高频锯齿波信号(Ct)。电路26与28之输出信号为DC信号，开关34被提供以设定由释例驰回驱动电路18所产生之PWM信号之工作周期来递送所欲灯丝加热电流。DC信号与锯齿波信号之交集控制由比较器114所决定的PWM信号的工作周期。灯丝驱动电路32被提供以缓冲比较器114之输出和灯具之相关高阻抗。
在此释例实施例中，减光电压信号Vdim42与所欲减光值成比例。如本领域技术人员所了解，当灯具操作于正常操作条件下时，施用至灯具电极之电力(由A、B、C、及D之反相器布局、开关驱动器54、及全桥式开关56所递送)亦具有加热灯具灯丝之效果。在电力是可控制地递送至灯具的可变减光条件下，由电源54与56所提供之加热电流数量是与所欲减光值成比例。如下所详述，Vdim42是决定反相器开关电路54及56所递送之电力数量的电压。当所欲亮度增加时，Vdim之值增加，且反之亦然。据此，为节省电力与防止灯丝之过加热，第2图之电路可确保当所欲减光值增加时，电路30之输出减少，如下所述。开关S1之预设状态为将电路26耦接至比较器114。开关S2之预设状态为如图所示旁路通过反相器122。
由于电路28之输出与所欲减光值成比例，高频PWM电路30包括接合或旁分反相器122的开关S2所选择的反相器。当预先加热时间结束时，预先加热时序控制电路36产生指示预选加热期间结束之信号ENDHT。ENDHT控制开关S1及S2之传导状态。当开关S1切换为具有电路28的耦接电路30时，开关S2接合以将反相器122耦接至比较器114之输出。反相器之输出递送PWM驱动信号至与所欲减光值成反比例之灯丝驱动器32。如上所述，PWM电路30之反相与非反相输出产生供开关34用之控制信号以经由反相器18产生灯丝电流信号。
灯具之点亮与稳态操作
再次参考第1图，并假设预先加热期间已结束，致动扫频电路52与高频振荡器44的ENDHT信号被致动以经由A、B、C、D驱动器54驱动H桥式MOSFETS开关56以递送电力至灯具20。如下所述，在输出侧，LC谐振空腔电路形成变压器之初级，且与灯具并联之电容器被设置以提供灯具所需之必要点亮与稳态电压。
本发明之控制器12之减光功能将由下文叙述而更为清楚，初始地，电流检测器电路60之电流比较器之输出即为高，因为无灯具电流且因此无检测电流于Is末端96。同时，亦由于电流检测器60禁止低频PWM以突发模式进入错误放大器。类似地，由于VFB插脚92低于电路62所设定之临界值(假设存有可用灯具)，电压反馈检测器62产生低输出。因此，扫频器52开始产生驱动信号至A、B、C、D驱动器54且开始于较高频率而下降至一预定较低频率。在扫频期间之某些点，递送至驱动器54(如本领域技术人员所了解，其驱动反相器开关56，以于驱动器54之频率产生AC信号)之频率符合LC空腔电路之共振频率。此时，最大电压被施用至灯具20且灯具20被点亮。一旦电流检测器60观察到空腔电路内之电流(意即此时灯具被导通且点亮成功)，电流检测电路60之输出、尤其是电流反馈控制器58减少，藉此控制用于增加或减少电力的驱动电路54之四个信号之间的相位。此种供全桥式/H桥式布局用之相位偏移技术是本领域技术人员所习知的。一旦点亮，扫频电路52在谐振空腔电路22的频率之下持续降至由外部电阻器及电容器RT(74)与CT(76)各自设定之操作频率。电力以此方式递送至灯具20。
减光控制
仍然参考第1图，本发明之释例控制器12提供两种减光方法：操作以直接控制递送至灯具之电流数量之传统类比减光，及经由可控制脉宽调制信号之工作周期来调整递送至灯具之电流数量的突发模式技术。就传统类比减光而言，减光电压信号42被输入至电流反馈控制电路58(与例言之，经由调整插脚ADJ90)并与反馈电流Is96比较以增加或减少A、B、C、D驱动器电路54内之驱动信号间之相位，藉此提高或降低递送至灯具20之电流数量。Is96是得自耦接至桥56的一个MOSFET的插脚LC98(举例言之，桥56的一较低开关可被选择做此用途)。把Is耦接至LC的电路是整流器及感应电阻器以产生供Is用之DC值。
可替换地，本发明之控制器12可包括允许比传统类比减光具有较大减光范围之突发同步模式减光电路。在第1图之释例控制器中，突发同步模式减光电路包括低频振荡器46与PWM信号产生器50。若控制器12致动突发同步模式减光，ADJ插脚90被设定为固定电压，该电压较佳地为与最大可允许灯具电流成比例，其原因如下所述。
低频振荡器46产生具有远小于由高频振荡器44所设定之反相器开关56的操作频率的频率的锯齿波信号。举例言之，低频振荡器可被选择以操作于500HZ，如Cburst插脚80之外部电容器所设定，同时，由高频振荡器44所决定之电路操作频率可为10至1000KHZ。现在参考第3图，产生电路50之突发同步模式PWM信号包含比较减光电压信号42Vdim与低频振荡器46所产生的锯齿波信号之比较器。其输出为第1图之PWM插脚88所示之PWM信号。
在此释例实施例中，当突发同步模式减光由控制器12致动时，PWM插脚88被耦接至使电路操作如下的电流反馈插脚Is96。应注意到减光电压信号Vdim与锯齿波信号经由比较器116之交互作用产生一个PWM信号，该信号的工作周期由这两个值的交互作用所定义。此外，如上所述，对突发同步模式减光操作而言，ADJ插脚是固定于与灯具之最大可允许操作电流成比例之值。由比较器116而来的输出PWM信号具有两种状态：当断开PWM插脚为对灯具操作无影响之高阻抗，及当导通时具有PWM信号值。当比较器被断开(或较低)时，灯具操作于由ADJ插脚所设定之最大比率电流，因为PWM信号(及反馈电流信号Is)与ADJ信号90被输入至电流反馈控制电路58。电流反馈控制电路58包含加总PWM信号与Is之值的加法器电路并将此值与ADJ之值加以比较。通常，ADJ之值是设定为低于PWM信号。当PWM信号为高时，Is与PWM之加总值导致电流反馈控制电路58之输出变低，从而顺序断开驱动电路54，藉此关闭桥式开关56并暂时从负载移除电力。
如此一来，可知比较器116产生的PWM信号之工作周期越大，灯具之减光越多，因为PMW导通时间值小于ADJ接脚设定值，即，与最大比率灯具电流成比例之值。相同地，较低的PWM信号50的工作周期意味产生较大的控制每一周期灯具电流之操作ADJ值的比例，此是由于当PWM信号被断开时ADJ值在控制。在此释例实施例中，突发同步PWM电路50使用比较器116产生之PWM信号以耦接或不耦接连接到PWM插脚88的电压源。当导通时电压源具有PWM值，且于断开时具有高阻抗(开路电路)。此概念所示于第3B与3C图之时序图，此处Vdim与低频锯齿波信号间之交互作用产生低工作周期(第3B图)与高工作周期(第3C图)。应注意较大之Vdim值将产生较低之工作周期值。
重置与失败灯具电路
此外，电压反馈电路62接收来自跨空腔电路(更详而言之，其是跨一分压器，该分压器用以产生与施用至灯具之高电压相比约为数伏特之信号)的插脚92的电压反馈信号以产生指示开路或错误灯具条件之信号。类似地，电流反馈控制器与电流检测电路58与60各自监视经由插脚96跨灯具之电流以决定除上述功能外，可指示灯具之短路情形之灯具电流情形。
若负载有一开路灯具或受损灯具之情形，释例实施例之控制器12将操作如下。如上所述，由于一旦预先加热期间结束，扫频器52与开关56被致动，因此并无反馈电流(在灯具点亮前)。如此一来，电流反馈控制器58输出为高，其导致开关56操作于最大重叠，但开关56并未(初始地)操作于空腔电路之共振频率附近、且因此变压器出现相对小之电压。当频率往下扫描且接近空腔电路22之共振频率时，在VFB插脚92的电压反馈增加。电压反馈检测电路62基本上包含比较反馈电压92与预定临界电压(未所示)之比较器。当反馈电压超出临界电压时，比较器之结果输出被送至随后产生重置信号38的重置电路120。尤其是重置信号38被施用至产生使振荡器44、扫频器52、驱动电路54、及开关56失能的失能信号(例如致动信号40之效果)的Vbus检测电路24。同时，重置信号38使能开关112(第2图)以泄放储存于预先加热电容器72之能量。为避免无意间使控制器失能，电压检测比较器62所使用之临界电压应被设定使得开路灯具电压高于正常点亮电压以确保充分点亮。在重置后，本发明之控制器12可被用以关闭所有元件一预定时间期间且于该期间时间后试点亮灯具。
重置电路120是由电压比较器之输出所触发，且该电压比较器产生在完整系统重置期间被本发明所用的重置信号38，且在灯具点亮失败之情况中(例如开路或损伤灯具)重置那些要求初始状态以正确操作的功能元件。同时，如上所述，整流器12经由第1图所示之分压器产生减光电压信号42。Vbus检测电路24所产生之致动信号40为接收致动信号之元件用之触发信号，该致动信号是根据通常致动本发明之控制器12的传导角度而定(即与Vdim42之DC值成比例)。基本上，Vdim与(参考电压产生器48所产生的)参考电压比较，这样IC经由致动信号40而被致动。在本发明之释例实施例中整流器1(16)产生两个信号。第一个信号，Vbus82为指示VTriac之平均功率之DC电压。Vbus82基本上被用以作为供反相器开关56用之轨电压，该Vbus82为供应三端双向可控硅开关元件的AC电源的整流DC电压，其是根据所设定之减光值而改变。整流器1所产生之另一信号为VCC84，其为控制器电路之供给电压且通常在减光范围内保持为一常数，因为此电压是跨如图所示的齐纳(Zener)二极体与电容器之组合而得。应注意VCC之值被用以作为根据VCC之值设定参考值的参考信号产生器48的输入。
如上所详述，除上述有关提供预先加热电流、减光功能、及点亮与稳态操作电流的产生于灯具之元件外，本发明之控制器12亦包括产生参考电压或供需要与参考电压比较的电路用的电压的参考电压产生器48。
对本领域技术人员而言，此发明有许多修改，此等修改亦为本发明这范围所包括。举例言之，此处所述之利用A、B、C、D驱动器54及H桥式MOSFETs的反相器布局为全桥式反相器布局。A、B、C、D驱动器各自操作控制4个H桥式MOSFETs之间的极，且可包括跨传导保护电路以防止短路。教科书中有关全桥式/H桥式开关反相器之此种驱动电路之操作是为本领域技术人员所熟知，因而在此加以省略。然而。本领域技术人员将确知半桥式、驰回(fly back)、推拉(push pull)及其它相关布局与全桥式反相器电路所提供之功能具有相等效力，且因此是本发明之控制器12之等效物。同样地，此处所叙述之供第1图的控制器12的功能性元件用的特定电路亦可以其他具有相同等效功能这电路替代。
详言之，虽然本发明使用供HCFLs用之特定参考控制器，本发明之控制器亦可应用至其他型式的需要加热与减光功能的灯具。此等细微改变亦可认为是等效于本发明的由后附中请专利权利要求书所界定之等效范围内。

Claims (5)

1.一种电子镇流器，其包含：
一可变电压源，其产生一指示供一热阴极荧光灯具使用的所欲减光值的第一信号，及一指示所述可变电压源的平均功率的第二信号；
一镇流器控制器，其包含：
开环灯具灯丝电流控制电路，其包含产生一预先加热灯丝电流至所述灯具的灯丝一预定时间的预先加热灯丝电流控制电路，及一于所述预定时间后产生一稳态灯丝加热电流的稳态灯丝电流控制电路；
减光电路，其改变递送至所述灯具的作为所述第一信号值的一个函数的电力；及
一全桥式反相器电路，其根据所述减光电路由所述第二信号产生一个交流信号；及
耦接至所述全桥式反相器之输出的谐振空腔电路，其接收所述交流信号并产生一正弦信号以递送点亮与稳态电力至所述灯具。
2.如权利要求1中所述的一个电子镇流器，其中所述预先加热灯丝电流控制电路包含一选择器开关：所述选择器开关由一使能信号控制，并且可操作所述选择器开关通过一预定灯丝预先加热信号以产生一预先加热所述灯具灯丝的预定灯丝电流。
3.如权利要求2中所述的一个电子镇流器，其中所述预定时间是由一预先加热定时控制电路控制，所述预先加热定时控制电路包含一比较器，其比较由一个充电电容产生的电压与一个预定参考电压，其中当所述充电电容上的电压低于所述参考电压时可操作所述预先加热灯丝电流控制电路一段时间。
4.如权利要求1中所述的一个电子镇流器，其中可操作所述稳态灯丝电流控制电路以在预定最小值和预定最大值之间产生所述稳态灯丝加热电流。
5.如权利要求1中所述的一个电子镇流器，其中所述灯具灯丝电流控制电路进一步包含一高频脉波调变电路，所述调变电路包含一比较由所述预先加热灯丝电流控制电路或所述稳态灯丝电流控制电路产生的输出信号与高频锯齿波信号的比较器，以及基于所述输出信号和所述高频锯齿波信号产生一具有占空比的信号。
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US6531831B2 (en) 2003-03-11
ATE338443T1 (de) 2006-09-15
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AU2001251230A1 (en) 2001-11-26
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