CN100582630C - 制冷装置的热交换器 - Google Patents

制冷装置的热交换器 Download PDF

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CN100582630C
CN100582630C CN200680015738.9A CN200680015738A CN100582630C CN 100582630 C CN100582630 C CN 100582630C CN 200680015738 A CN200680015738 A CN 200680015738A CN 100582630 C CN100582630 C CN 100582630C
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heat exchanger
type casing
exchanger according
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CN101171492A (zh
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H·伊勒
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BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F25D23/003—General constructional features for cooling refrigerating machinery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/04—Condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/0233—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with air flow channels
    • F28D1/024—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with air flow channels with an air driving element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D1/0472—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being helically or spirally coiled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2323/00—General constructional features not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2323/002—Details for cooling refrigerating machinery
    • F25D2323/0021—Details for cooling refrigerating machinery using air guides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2323/00—General constructional features not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2323/002—Details for cooling refrigerating machinery
    • F25D2323/0026—Details for cooling refrigerating machinery characterised by the incoming air flow
    • F25D2323/00266—Details for cooling refrigerating machinery characterised by the incoming air flow through the bottom
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2323/00—General constructional features not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2323/002—Details for cooling refrigerating machinery
    • F25D2323/0026—Details for cooling refrigerating machinery characterised by the incoming air flow
    • F25D2323/00267—Details for cooling refrigerating machinery characterised by the incoming air flow through the side
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2323/00—General constructional features not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2323/002—Details for cooling refrigerating machinery
    • F25D2323/0027—Details for cooling refrigerating machinery characterised by the out-flowing air
    • F25D2323/00276—Details for cooling refrigerating machinery characterised by the out-flowing air from the bottom
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2323/00—General constructional features not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2323/002—Details for cooling refrigerating machinery
    • F25D2323/0027—Details for cooling refrigerating machinery characterised by the out-flowing air
    • F25D2323/00277—Details for cooling refrigerating machinery characterised by the out-flowing air from the side

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

一种热交换器包括用于第一传热流体的螺旋导管(1)、以及壳体(2)，所述壳体在两个前侧(6、7)敞开，并且围绕所述螺旋管。沿螺旋管的纵向延伸的所述壳体(2)的壁(5)设有通道(12)。

Description

制冷装置的热交换器
技术领域
本发明涉及热交换器，所述热交换器包括开口、筒形壳体以及设置在所述壳体内的导管，所述导管用于输送第一传热流体，并且所述导管的展开长度超过壳体的长度，所述壳体的两个前侧敞开，以允许第二传热流体流经所述壳体，并且本发明还涉及应用这种类型的热交换器的制冷装置。从美国专利公开文献No.5592829中公知这种类型的热交换器和制冷装置。
背景技术
在所述公知的热交换器中，导管被应用为螺旋管。包围螺旋管的壳体强制第二传热流体的流动，从而所述流体沿螺旋管的整个长度扫掠，从而对于第二传热流体而言以中等的贯通速度实现较高的热交换效率。
但是，这造成了这样的问题，由于经过热交换器的流大致平行于螺旋管的纵向轴线，所以第二传热流体的大部分将经过热交换器，而根本不靠近导管，同时流的其它部分将连续地沿螺旋管的多个圈扫掠，并且在这样做时将大致加热。
发明内容
本发明的目的是改进背景技术中所述的这种类型的热交换器的效率。
该目的通过以下方式而创造性地实现，即为壳体的表面区域(面积)的对应部分，至少在第一前侧所在的区域内设置通道。
取决于壳体内的压力状态，所述通道将允许第二传热流体流入或流出。所述壳体内的其流场因而将并不纯沿纵向指向，而是还将具有径向分量，从而处于壳体的开口前侧一定距离处的导管部分，例如螺旋管中的各圈或蜿蜒形的或布置在至少一圈内的导管的纵向部分还可以再次由第二传热流体流经，而在螺旋管或蜿蜒体的另一部分处并不被加热(或，取决于热交换器内的热流的方向，而并不被冷却)。
如果具有相同或不同开口横截面的通道有利地围绕表面区域的周向均匀地分布，则将产生空气在壳体内全部围绕导管而并不由其它导管部分加热的有利应用。壁的表面的通道部分将有利地随着与壳体第一前侧距离的增加而减小。根据优选的实施例，如果通道的开口横截面随着与第一前侧距离的增加而减小，则气流状态和因而从导管到第二传热流体的热传递将是特别有利的。邻近第二前侧的壳体的一个半部可不设有通道。
热交换器优选设有风扇，以便驱动第二传热流体流经壳体。
所述风扇优选位于所述壳体的第二前侧上。
参照第二传热流体的流动方向，第二前侧优选是下游侧，这意味着风扇将抽吸第二传热流体经过壳体，并且第二制冷剂将完全地流经第二前侧上的开口，从而其可从那里排出，并输送至其它应用之处。
风扇可选地还可居中位于壳体内，在这种情况中，可以设置成，由通道所占据的壁的表面的一部分从壳体的两前侧朝向风扇减小，从而第二传热流体可通过位于风扇上游的通道进入壳体，并且通过位于风扇下游的通道排出壳体。
本发明的另一目的是采用前述类型的热交换器作为冷凝器的制冷装置。在这种情况中，第二传热流体大体是空气，而第一传热流体是制冷装置的制冷剂。
附图说明
参看附图，通过以下示意性实施例的说明将清楚本发明的其它特点和优点。
图1是本发明的热交换器的透视图；
图2是图1所示的热交换器的纵向剖视图，示出了热交换器内的流动状态；
图3是热交换器的第二实施例的纵向剖视图；并且
图4是安装有本发明的热交换器的制冷装置的基座区域的示意性水平剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1所示的热交换器包括管形导管1，所述导管弯曲成螺旋形导管，以便用于第一传热流体、优选制冷剂。壳体2相对于管形导管1的纵向轴线A共轴线地延伸。壳体2在此基本上包括两个硬质底架元件3、4，它们形成壳体2的相反的前侧，并且由金属片材5围绕两个底架元件3、4的外侧边缘延伸，形成壳体的四个侧壁。面向观察者的底架元件3具有面积较大的内侧开口6，相对于螺旋管形导管1共轴线地支承电机9的径向支架8与另一底架元件4中的对应开口7接合。电机9驱动从壳体2伸出的风扇轮10，因而使得空气从底架元件3的一侧经过壳体2流至底架元件4的一侧。
三组11a、11b、11c的通道12已经穿入金属片材5中。通道的相邻组之间的距离随着与开口6的距离增加而增加，从而随着与开口6的距离增加，通道12将占据金属片材5的表面的减小的部分。在与开口7相邻的金属片材5的半部上没有通道12。
图2借助于轴向剖视图示出了本发明的热交换器内的流动状态。大部分空气进入并通过开口6由风扇轮10输送经过热交换器。如果所述开口是唯一空气进入开口的话，则结果将是，空气流大致平行于纵向轴线，并且在这种情况下，一部分空气沿管形导管1的侧部流动，而大部分空气流经过螺旋管的开口内部，并且在这样做时，相当于并未从管形导管1吸收热量。而且，在这种情况中沿流动方向彼此位于前后的管形螺旋管1的各圈将很难停止空气流，从而在螺旋管的空内部中获得较高的流速，该流速体现了热交换器的空气贯通速度的大部分。在另一方面，通道12将允许空气从横向的内流，其横贯纵向轴线在壳体2内连续进行，从而位置远离进入开口6的管形导管1内的各圈还将由冷的新鲜空气接触。
风扇的操作在壳体2内产生压力梯度，这意味着壳体内部与环境之间的压力差将沿壳体的纵向轴线增加，越靠近风扇则增加越大。内部与外部之间的压力差越大，则每个通道12的单位面积的空气贯通速度将越大。为了确保各圈尽可能均匀地供应有冷却的新空气，因此，通道12必须如上所述随着与开口6距离的增加而占据金属片材5的表面的逐渐减小的部分。除了如图1和2所示，随着与开口6的距离增加而增加各组11a、11b、11c之间的距离以外，当然还可以通过以下措施实现上述目的，即使得各通道12的面积随着它们与开口6距离的增加而减小。
图3以类似于图2的剖视图的方式示出了本发明热交换器的改型实施例。由电机9和风扇轮10所形成的风扇在该实施例中在由管形导管1所形成的螺旋管内居中位于热交换器内。同样，在此，两组通道12邻近壳体2的上游开口6被形成，而与所述通道12镜像，附加的通道13邻近下游开口7位于金属片材5的区域内。所述通道13将赋予风扇下游流动的空气径向向外的速度分量，从而也将防止管形导管1中的一圈处于相邻圈的背风区(windshadow)内，并防止未足够供应有冷却空气。
为了防止壳体2内的空气在位于螺旋管外侧的横截面区域内从风扇的下游流回至上游侧，在此设有隔板14，所述隔板14从形成壳体2的外壁的金属片材5在风扇轮10的高度延伸至螺旋管附近。
图4示出了热交换器的示意性应用，示出了具有框架20和门21的制冷器和冷冻器的水平剖视图。在底部附近的框架20的区域内，在背离门21的侧上，留空出机器空间22，在所述空间内以彼此紧邻的方式容纳有如图1所示的热交换器，或者在图2的情况中也可以是用于制冷剂的冷凝器23和冷凝器24。冷凝器23的管形导管1连接至冷凝器24的高压出口。由风扇驱动的制冷剂和新鲜空气沿相反的方向经过冷凝器23。在冷凝器23内被加热的新鲜空气流向冷凝器24，并冷却所述冷凝器；所述空气还促进了从制冷装置内部25输送的冷凝水在蒸发盘26内的蒸发，其中所述蒸发盘安装在冷凝器24上。空气进入和输出开口17并且在这种情况下也可以是28形成在机器空间22的侧壁上；它们可选地设置在所述机器空间的底部上，从而通过位于框架20下的中空装置基座供应并去除新鲜空气，或者机器空间22的后部可以局部留空，以允许空气交换。

Claims (13)

1.一种热交换器(23)，包括筒形壳体(2)，所述筒形壳体的两个前侧敞开，并且在所述筒形壳体内设置有导管(1)，所述导管用于输送第一传热流体，并且所述导管的展开长度大于所述筒形壳体(2)的长度，其特征在于，在所述筒形壳体的表面区域部分的至少第一前侧所在区域内设有通道(12、13)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的热交换器，其特征在于，在所述筒形壳体的表面区域的周向上均匀地分布所述通道(12、13)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的热交换器，其特征在于，由所述通道(12、13)所占据的所述筒形壳体的表面面积(5)的那部分随着与所述筒形壳体(2)的所述第一前侧(6)距离的增加而减小。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的热交换器，其特征在于，所述通道(12、13)的开口横截面面积随着与所述第一前侧距离的增加而减小。
5.根据权利要求1所述的热交换器，其特征在于，与第二前侧(7)相邻的所述筒形壳体(2)的半部未设有通道(12、13)。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的热交换器，其特征在于，所述导管(1)为螺旋形，并且螺旋长度至少近似于所述筒形壳体(2)的长度。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的热交换器，其特征在于，所述导管(1)为蜿蜒形，并且蜿蜒长度近似于所述筒形壳体(2)的长度。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的热交换器，其特征在于，所述热交换器设有风扇(9、10)，用于驱动第二传热流体流经所述筒形壳体(2)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的热交换器，其特征在于，所述风扇(9、10)位于所述筒形壳体(2)的第二前侧(7)上。
10.根据权利要求9所述的热交换器，其特征在于，所述第二前侧(7)相对于所述第二传热流体的流动方向处于下游侧。
11.根据权利要求8所述的热交换器，其特征在于，所述风扇(9、10)居中位于所述筒形壳体(2)内。
12.根据权利要求11所述的热交换器，其特征在于，由所述通道(12、13)所占据的所述筒形壳体壁的表面面积的那部分从所述筒形壳体的两个前侧(6、7)朝向所述风扇(9、10)减小。
13.一种制冷装置，其特征在于，采用如前述权利要求任一所述的热交换器(23)作为冷凝器。
CN200680015738.9A 2005-05-10 2006-04-03 制冷装置的热交换器 Expired - Fee Related CN100582630C (zh)

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CN101324389B (zh) * 2007-06-13 2011-11-09 博西华家用电器有限公司 冷凝器及使用该冷凝器的家用电器
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DE102009000844A1 (de) 2009-02-13 2010-08-19 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Wärmetauscher, insbesondere Verflüssiger für ein Haushaltskältegerät
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DE102012008268A1 (de) * 2012-04-18 2013-10-24 Liebherr-Hausgeräte Ochsenhausen GmbH Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät
CN105135910B (zh) * 2015-08-14 2018-12-07 安徽蓝盾光电子股份有限公司 一种高温气体的冷却装置
CN105937859B (zh) * 2016-06-01 2018-05-18 广东水利电力职业技术学院 一种套管式冷却系统
CN110793128A (zh) * 2018-08-02 2020-02-14 宁波方太厨具有限公司 一种换热装置、安装有该装置的吸油烟机及厨房空调系统
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