CN100563422C - A kind of grouting method of soil-free broken stone slope - Google Patents
A kind of grouting method of soil-free broken stone slope Download PDFInfo
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- CN100563422C CN100563422C CNB2007100635495A CN200710063549A CN100563422C CN 100563422 C CN100563422 C CN 100563422C CN B2007100635495 A CNB2007100635495 A CN B2007100635495A CN 200710063549 A CN200710063549 A CN 200710063549A CN 100563422 C CN100563422 C CN 100563422C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of soil for soil-free broken stone slope greening slurring and grouting method thereof, the volumetric ratio of this each component of earth is: 100～1000 parts of matrix, 1 part of nourishing additive agent, fertilizer addition are 1%～10% of matrix and nourishing additive agent cumulative volume.Soil for soil-free broken stone slope greening slurring of the present invention and grouting method thereof have good effect to the restoration of the ecosystem of soil-free broken stone slope.The present invention provides enough growing environment and spaces for plant, and the plant setting survival rate has reached more than 95%, and plant grew well, the water conservation effect has improved more than 2 times than " conventional earthing " plant of planting, not only save material, also can reduce the number of times of maintenance, ability to resist splash erosion is strong.The present invention has realized the oneself procreation of artificial pressure greening to natural vegetation, makes the ecology on the exposed soil-free broken stone face of land obtain good reparation, makes environmental protection harmonious mutually with capital construction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of greening earth, specifically a kind of soil for soil-free broken stone slope greening slurring that is used for.
Background technology
At present, country advocates energetically and develops mountain areas, develop the economy, project of "Communication with Every Village", but construction of hydropower plant and other capital construction projects etc. all must level off hilltops and repair the roads, be 35～85 degree left and right sides soil-free broken stone slopes thereby cause the mountain area to form the large-area gradient.The rubble of this soil-free broken stone slope is not of uniform size and the accumulation degree of depth is darker, and the bosom can reach does not all have soil more than 2 meters, and domatic very unstable, is prone to dangerous situations such as landslide.Because the special ecological environment on soil-free broken stone slope has caused the deterioration of local microclimate and the destruction of biological chain, be difficult to growing plant it on, so be still in decades that not even a blade of grass grows on it.For addressing the above problem, those skilled in the art carry out different trials for many years to improve the ecological afforestation environment of soil-free broken stone slope always.At present, the technical staff uses the pad indigenous method of " conventional earthing " and " digging stone bankets " to plant trees on its rubble slope more, not only quantities is very big but do like this, the expense of taking a lot of work material, planting survival rate is low, and, increased the weight of national financial burden so undoubtedly for guaranteeing that survival rate also needs the repetitious maintenance of carrying out.More because situations such as heavy rain landslide often take place in the mountain area, severe water and soil erosion, its result are all failed, and cause the loss of very big manpower and financial resources.
Be badly in need of the exposed face of land rubble of a kind of quick reparation at present, give plant with certain growing space, planting survival rate height, soil-free broken stone slope restoration of the ecosystem scheme with low cost easy and simple to handle.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to remedy the deficiencies in the prior art, further solve soil-free broken stone slope ecological degeneration problem, and propose a kind of soil for soil-free broken stone slope greening slurring and grouting method thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, be afforestation greening on the broken stone slope about 35～85 degree in the gradient, losss that at first will conserve water and soil causes to supply the environment of plant growing.Repeatedly investigate, analyze and study intensively through the inventor,,, from a large amount of experimental datas, finally sum up the earth prescription of Different Nutrition composition and concentration through repeatedly experiment repeatedly at different gradient, different rubble granularity.Adopt advanced grouting construction technology, and select for use the plant that adapts with it to carry out restoration of the ecosystem work,, guarantee plant survival for plant growing provides good environment and space at different geology, geographical environment.
The present invention adopts following concrete technical scheme:
A kind of soil for soil-free broken stone slope greening slurring, the volumetric ratio of its each component is: 100～1000 parts of matrix, 1 part of nourishing additive agent, the fertilizer addition is 1%～10% of a matrix cumulative volume.
Above-mentioned a kind of soil for soil-free broken stone slope greening slurring, wherein, described matrix is made up of clay and turfy soil, and its two volumetric ratio is 20: 1～10: 1.
Above-mentioned a kind of soil for soil-free broken stone slope greening slurring, wherein, described nourishing additive agent is made up of water-loss reducer and adhesive, and its two volumetric ratio is 1: 1～1: 0.2.
Above-mentioned earth can be added agitator before using and stir 20～60 minutes, it is mixed equably, then with its pack, and the good various component ratio warehouse-ins of mark are standby on bag, and keep the storehouse relatively dry.
A kind of grouting method of soil-free broken stone slope, its concrete steps are as follows:
(1), the stone in this zone built form a diameter to the next door be that 0.3～1 meter, the degree of depth are 0.2～0.3 meter round pool in the zone of soil-free broken stone slope according to 0.3～3 square metre of the different choice of seeds;
(2) earth of aforementioned proportioning is added water and stir to there not being soil particle, and its water content is controlled between 45%～65%, be modulated into the used mud of grouting.Steep at the gradient, the stone granularity is little, hard-packed area, and it is rarer that mud can be modulated, and vice versa.
(3) the auxiliary grouting of artificial gravitational grouting of mud utilization that step (2) is modulated and machine directly pours in the hole and the sapling of choosing in advance on planting, and covers original stone again on earth, not only plays the effect of the cooling of preserving moisture but also can strengthen erosion resistibility.
At large tracts of land, the gradient is 35～85 degree left and right sides broken stone slopes, can be divided into top, middle and upper part, middle and lower part and bottom by the abrupt slope gradient; Can be divided into by the stone particle size diameter: rubble section (5cm following), finger stone section (5～10cm), middle stone section (10～20cm) and ratchel section (30～60cm) four grades, generally be rolled into the lowest point greater than the 60cm stone, selected the concentration of hydraulic mixture of different proportionings again by gradient grade for use.The rubble section is that the stone granularity is advisable about 65% in the domatic water content of slurry of selecting for use below the 5cm; The finger stone section is that the stone granularity is advisable about 62% in the domatic water content of slurry of selecting for use about 5～10cm; Middle stone section is that the stone granularity is advisable about 58% in the domatic water content of slurry of selecting for use about 10～20cm; The ratchel section is that the stone granularity is advisable about 45% in the domatic water content of slurry of selecting for use about 30～60cm.
Grouting of the present invention all can obtain by commercially available with each raw material of earth, and wherein said clay can directly be taken from the locality.
Advantage of the present invention and benefit: soil for soil-free broken stone slope greening slurring of the present invention and grouting method thereof be through experimental verification repeatedly, and the restoration of the ecosystem of soil-free broken stone slope is had good effect.The present invention provides enough growing environment and spaces for plant, and the plant setting survival rate has reached more than 95%, and plant grew well.The water conservation effect has improved more than 2 times than " conventional earthing " plant of planting, and not only saves material, also can reduce the number of times of maintenance, and ability to resist splash erosion is strong.The exposed face of land is repaired fast, realized the oneself procreation of artificial pressure greening, make the ecology on the exposed soil-free broken stone face of land obtain good reparation to natural vegetation, the effect of playing demonstration and promoting, and make environmental protection harmonious mutually with capital construction.
Utilize earth of the present invention and grouting method to carry out the restoration of the ecosystem engineering and all can reach above-mentioned effect at soil-free broken stone slope, in order to make afforestation effect better, when selecting the rehabilitation plant kind, the floristics that is fit to arid climate and abominable ecotope is preferably selected in the north for use, as coniferous species juniper, arbor-vitae, Sabina vulgaris, Chinese pine etc. is arranged; Deciduous species such as dungarunga comprise mountain peach, ansu apricot, smoke tree, elm, Luan Shu etc.; Shrub such as honeysuckle, humid euphorbia, meadow sweet, seeds such as wild thorn plum, sea-buckthorn and Chinese rose.During actual the plantation, take wealthy mixed friendship of pin and the tall principle that combines of irritating, 1～4 identical or different seeds of plantation are good in a hole.
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with preferred forms, so that the public has whole and understanding fully to summary of the invention of the present invention, and is not the qualification to protection domain of the present invention.Aforementioned part fully discloses the protection domain that the present invention can implement, and therefore allly any well known in the artly is equal to replacement according to what the disclosure of invention was carried out, all belongs to infringement of the present invention.
Embodiment
Clay: taking from the locality, is that local distinctive a kind of color is soil yellow and that have certain viscosity, and it is generated through long-term weathering and geologic process by the rock of the earth's crust, and particle diameter is from＞0.005 millimeter～＜0.05 millimeter;
Turfy soil: turfy soil production base, Tonghua, Jilin Province city;
Water-loss reducer: Beijing Green Qidian Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd;
Adhesive: Beijing Green Qidian Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd;
Fertilizer: the special fertilizer in Beijing one factory;
Machine is used in grouting: the great decent job plant equipment far away in Beijing Co., Ltd model: SJ350 type.
Present embodiment is chosen in the following side slope section of the loess platform highway of 109 national highway Mentougou sections, and the gradient is about 70 degree; Area has 1200m
2Stone limestone matter, its granularity (diameter) has to four grades of 60cm at 5cm; Because rubble is not of uniform size and to pile up the degree of depth darker, the bosom reaches does not all have soil more than 2 meters, and domatic rubble and instability, and the mountain area the existing landslide of heavy rain often takes place takes place, and water and soil loss is also very serious.
Having selected clay and turfy soil according to above situation is that 20: 1～10: 1 ratio is admixed the matrix of forming (concrete usage ratio sees Table 2) equably in volumetric ratio (following composition proportion is all in volumetric ratio); Water-loss reducer and adhesive ratio are 1: 1 composition nourishing additive agent A; Form nourishing additive agent B at 1: 0.5; Form C at 1: 0.2.Then matrix is pressed 100 parts, 200 parts, 500 parts, 1000 parts of four kinds of situations are formed six kinds of proportionings with nourishing additive agent A, B, C respectively, the addition of nourishing additive agent is 1 part with the matrix ratio, and fertilizer all adds 1%～10% (concrete addition sees Table 2) in above six kinds of proportionings.With agitator the earth of above six kinds of proportionings is all stirred 20～60 minutes till do not have a soil particle at normal temperatures.Then above-mentioned six kinds of proportioning earth are respectively charged into woven bag, and are labeled as: 100B, 100C, 200B, 200C, 500B, 1000A put in storage standby, and keep the storehouse drying.
At the scene with 1200m
2Area horizontally be divided into 8 test blocks by one vertical three, each test block label is defined as respectively by horizontal back is vertical earlier: A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1, D2, the about 150m of each test block area
2About; Select 1.5m
2About the zone be a tree well, the stone in this zone is built form to the next door that a diameter is about 0.6 meter, the degree of depth is 0.2～0.3 meter round pool, approximately does 100 tree wells; By the top on abrupt slope, the stone granularity is little, and domatic structure is tight, and mud can be rarer, and the principle that vice versa pours into above-mentioned two kinds of mud of water content at 65% 100B for preparing, 100C respectively with slush pump in the hole of A1, two test blocks of A2; Water content pours into respectively in the hole of B1, two test blocks of B2 at two kinds of mud of 62% 200B for preparing, 200C; Water content pours into respectively in the hole of C1, two test blocks of C2 at the mud of 58% 500B for preparing; Water content pours into respectively in the hole of D1, two test blocks of D2 at the mud of 45% 1000A for preparing; And cheat limit at each and carry out mud proportioning mark.Its experimental data sees Table 1.
Table 1
Calculating the original water content of matrix through weighing before and after the oven dry is 12～15%, is configured to the final water content of mud as calculated and gets final product between 45%～65%.
Selected coniferous species that juniper, arbor-vitae, Sabina vulgaris, Chinese pine are arranged; Deciduous species have dungarunga to comprise mountain peach, ansu apricot, smoke tree, elm, Luan Shu; Shrub has saplings such as honeysuckle, humid euphorbia, meadow sweet, wild thorn plum, sea-buckthorn, Chinese rose, two saplings of average plantation in every hole, and sapling kind picked at random, its concrete earth prescription and experimental result see Table 2:
Table 2
From above implementation result, we as can be seen: from 16 kinds of plantation, no matter be the deciduous species or the survival rate of coniferous species and flowering shrub all more than 95%, and plant strain growth is good.This project is carried out the manual priming 3 times altogether by the end of the year 06, (once freezing water comprising what pour into by the end of November).According to the municipal greening work personnel in district introduction, the seeds that both sides of highway is afforested are manually watered 7～8 times every year.This shows that the mud prescription grouting technique has very strong water retention property, can reduce the number of times of maintenance.The plant setting survival rate has on average reached more than 95%, and plant grew well.The water conservation effect has improved more than 2 times than " conventional earthing " plant of planting, and not only saves material, also can reduce the number of times of maintenance, and ability to resist splash erosion is strong.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of grouting method of soil-free broken stone slope is characterized in that, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) selects 0.3～3 square metre zone at soil-free broken stone slope, the stone in this zone is built form a diameter to the next door be that 0.3～1 meter, the degree of depth are 0.2～0.3 meter round pool;
(2) earth of following proportioning is added water and stir to there not being soil particle, and its water content is controlled between 45%～65%, be modulated into the used mud of grouting;
(3) the auxiliary grouting of artificial gravitational grouting of mud utilization that step (2) is modulated and grouter directly pours in the hole and the sapling of choosing in advance on planting, and covers original stone again on earth;
Described earth is made up of matrix, nourishing additive agent and fertilizer, and the volumetric ratio of this each component is: 100～1000 parts of matrix, 1 part of nourishing additive agent, and the fertilizer addition is 1%～10% of a matrix cumulative volume; Described matrix is made up of clay and turfy soil, and its two volumetric ratio is 20: 1～10: 1; Described nourishing additive agent is made up of water-loss reducer and adhesive, and its two volumetric ratio is 1: 1～1: 0.2.
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| CN101519966B (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2011-06-01 | 赵平 | Method for comprehensively treating ecological environment of coal gangue hill |
| CN106385850A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 云南能投生态环境科技有限公司 | Water retention method in ecological restoration process |
| CN115885808A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2023-04-04 | 北京市园林绿化科学研究院 | Structural soil and street tree planting system |
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Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 土石山区阳坡绿化造林技术措施. 姚文秀.中国水土保持，第8期. 1987 |
| 土石山区阳坡绿化造林技术措施. 姚文秀.中国水土保持，第8期. 1987 * |
| 常吉高速公路切方边坡植物防护的研究. 毛光东.湖南农业大学. 2006 |
| 常吉高速公路切方边坡植物防护的研究. 毛光东.湖南农业大学. 2006 * |
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