Background technology
The animal manure fermentative processing mainly is to utilize biotechnology to engage advanced art breading technology fowl and animal excrement is effectively handled, its objective is and utilize fowl and animal excrement as much as possible and add a certain proportion of auxiliary material, form available resource after treatment, reduce simultaneously or eliminate pollution fully environment.Its technology is according to biological characteristic, microorganism in fully utilizing ight soil and adding materials or inoculation high-effective microorganism, and by the Artificial Control supplemental oxygen, thereby formation aerobic fermentation, material is become thoroughly decomposed fully, kill pathogenic agent, virus, worm's ovum, parasite and other harmful organisms in the fowl and animal excrement simultaneously, organism is become fertilizer.Transfer the stable auxilliary metallic substance of growing to by unsteady state.This treatment process is ideal at present, the most advanced and promising treatment process.Have the fuel saving, cost is low, and the tunning biological activity is strong, and the fermenting process nutritive loss is little, the fertilizer efficiency advantages of higher.
For the quality of improving fermentation and increase work efficiency, people have carried out long-term exploration, have proposed diversified embodiment.For example Chinese patent literature discloses a kind of feces of livestock and poultry anaerobic ferment process and device (application number: 92109347.0) thereof, this scheme discloses a kind of feces of livestock and poultry anaerobic ferment process and device, the fermentation process that adopts plug flow, mixing and high density to combine, under mechanical stirring, above-mentioned liquid dung is mixed into the feed liquid that contains dry-matter 10-13%, constantly wriggle to the rear end, pond in the plug flow mode, a band grid and the opening for feed isolated with the digester air chamber are arranged at digester one end top.The present invention compares with full hybrid technique, and under identical leavening temperature (as 28 ℃), the pond holds factor of created gase can improve about 40%, and annual energy output rate is high more than 50%.
The somebody has applied for a kind of feces of livestock and poultry fermentation stirrer (application number: 200320111607.4), this machine is reached the electrical control cubicles that is equipped with on it by the frame mainframe, power drive system, hydraulic power unit, walking driver gear, walking passive gear, auxiliary girder, positioning support plate, hoist cylinder constitutes, its equipped lifting supported slab stiring cutter, auxiliary girder one end and the frame mainframe of cutter shaft and cover plate are hinged, the other end is overlapped on the positioning support plate, cutter shaft is connected with power drive system with walking driver gear, the hoist cylinder two ends are hinged with lifting support plate and frame mainframe respectively, and hydraulic ram oil circuit and hydraulic power unit are connected; This machine is simple in structure, and transaction capabilities is good, can with two grooves, three-flute and the supporting use in multiple-grooved manure fermentation pond, wide adaptability.
The above-mentioned feces of livestock and poultry treatment process of mentioning is comparatively loaded down with trivial details, and the effect of processing is not satisfactory, and lacks matching used with it specific equipment.The device structure of its use is comparatively complicated, and it is very unreasonable to design, and the stability of work is not high, and level of automation is low.Its whipping appts can't be adjusted according to the depth and the width range of material, causes the handiness used relatively poor, and it is very not convenient to use.The sprinkling system design is very unreasonable, and the employing that the fermentation unit of use has is manually sprayed water at regular time and quantity, and this mode stability is not high, and workload is big, and water spray is difficult to evenly, and is bigger to the fermentation influence; What also have takes long-range spray regime, and this sample loading mode local area may be difficult to be sprayed onto, and then may water content from the near place of jet pipe excessive, it be uneven to cause water content to distribute.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves the existing in prior technology complex treatment process, and the quality of finished product is not high, and harmless treatment is not satisfactory, the technical problem that temperature, oxygen level, water content are difficult to control etc.; Provide a kind of treatment process simple, the quality of finished height, harmless treatment is effective, livestock and poultry liquid dung treatment system and treatment process thereof that the process of fermentation is convenient to control.
It is very uneven that the present invention has solved the existing in prior technology injection flow rate again simultaneously, and job stability is not high, the technical problem of the big grade of labour intensity; Provide a kind of simple in structure, injection flow rate is even, job stability height, livestock and poultry liquid dung treatment system and treatment process thereof that labour intensity is little.
The present invention has also solved existing in prior technology and can't adjust according to the depth and the width range of material, and the handiness of use is relatively poor, uses very convenient etc. technical problem; Providing a kind of can adjust according to practical situation, adapts to various occasions, livestock and poultry liquid dung treatment system and treatment process thereof that the hopper of the different depths and different in width is operated.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is mainly solved by following technical proposals: the livestock and poultry liquid dung treatment system, comprise hopper, bottom at hopper is provided with breather line, the both sides of hopper are provided with track, on hopper, be provided with and spill shower device, it is characterized in that on described track, being provided with cart, on cart, be provided with slide rail, slide rail is provided with dolly, on dolly, connected agitator, connected agitating roller on the crawler belt of described agitator, be hinged with cylinder at the middle part of dolly, the other end of cylinder links to each other with the agitator pedestal, and described agitator pedestal is hinged by stationary shaft and dolly.Along with the expanding-contracting action of cylinder, can make the agitator pedestal swing that is hinged on the stationary shaft, thereby drive the agitator swing, realize stirring scope and the adjustment of stirring the degree of depth.
As preferably, described hopper is located in the fermentation house, and described fermentation house top is provided with ventilation opening, and the top of fermentation house is transparent watt; Side at hopper is provided with waste liquid pool in parallel.
As preferably, an end of described agitator is provided with main drive shaft, is provided with motion-work wheel on main drive shaft; The other end is provided with driven shaft, is provided with follow-up pulley on driven shaft; Described motion-work wheel and follow-up pulley are meshed with crawler belt.
As preferably, the main drive shaft on the described agitator links to each other with drive shaft by transmission belt, and described drive shaft links to each other with drive-motor by transmission belt.
As preferably, the axis of described agitator becomes angle α with the axis of dolly, and the size at α angle is 0 °~60 °.
As preferably, the described shower device that spills comprises water pump, and water pump links to each other with hydraulic pipe, has connected shower on cart, and described shower links to each other with water pump by hydraulic pipe; Described hydraulic pipe passes hopper and enters waste liquid pool.Shower connects on cart, and along with the motion of cart, shower sprays out the sewage in the sewage lagoon, because cart is a uniform motion, therefore the injection flow rate in the whole fermenter is identical, and promptly the water content of material is even, and can this ferment to material and successfully have very big influence.
As preferably, the described water pump that spills shower device is suspended on the hydraulic pipe, and the distance of water pump and sewage lagoon bottom is 80mm~150mm.
The employed livestock and poultry liquid dung treatment process of aforesaid device is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A, preparation fermentation material: with mixing of materials, making its water content is 50%~60%;
B, innoxious fermentation: the time is 5~7 days, with Mixing Machine the material in the fermenter is regularly stirred, and material temperature is 50 ℃~65 ℃, and simultaneously to the material oxygen supply, the oxygen level that makes material is 8%~18%;
C, fermentation dried: the time is 15~17 days, with Mixing Machine the material in the fermenter is regularly stirred, simultaneously to the material oxygen supply with the control leavening temperature.
As preferably, the ventilation during innoxious fermentation stage oxygen supply is 0.0088m
3/ min~0.0090m
3/ min.
As preferably, the ventilation during fermentation dried stage oxygen supply is 0.0089m
3/ min~0.0092m
3/ min.
Temperature control in the fermenting process
Temperature controlling plays a part key in the process of animal manure fermentation, because temperature is the important factor that influences microbial activities.Microbiological degradation is organic and discharge heat in the fermenting process, and these heats rise temperature of charge.The temperature of animal manure fermentation generally is controlled between 50 ℃~65 ℃, fermentation is called thermophilic fermentation in this temperature range, material thermophile bacteria in this temperature range is bred in a large number, fermenting speed is the fastest, and thermophilic fermentation can be killed pathogenic agent, virus, worm's ovum, parasite etc. again, under this condition, general compost temperature is as long as can reach innoxious in 5~7 days.When leavening temperature was lower than below 40 ℃, then fermentation time prolonged, and the degree of becoming thoroughly decomposed of compost is incomplete; If temperature is too high when surpassing 70 ℃, the microorganism in the material also will be endangered.Therefore, need in the fermenting process temperature condition is limited.The room of general requirement animal manure fermentation must have insulation and intensification performance, and it is one of optimal scheme that roof and wall adopt the room of transparent daylighting tile structure.In addition, the temperature of material fermentation generally also must be passed through ascent stage, and the purpose of giving the material air feed is to satisfy the required oxygen of fermentation, and biochemical reaction is carried out smoothly.And be exactly controlled temperature based on the purpose of latter stage air feed, temperature of charge is descended lead in the reasonable temperature scope by regulating service life and air demand.
The control of oxygen feed rate in the fermenting process
Oxygen supply makes one of important factor in the animal manure fermenting process, and the oxygen-consumption consumption rate is the sign of microbial activities power, and their size can reflect the degree that organism decomposes in the compost.In ventilation oxygen supply process, should note the concentration of oxygen supply, in general the suitable oxygen level of material is 8%~18% in the composting process, in a single day oxygen level is lower than 8%, and the activity of aerobic microbiological is restricted, and makes anerobe active, produce stench and form anaerobically fermenting, cause the fermentation failure.From as can be seen above: ventilating to material is for oxygen supply and controlled temperature, and according to oxygen consumption rate, ventilation is generally 0.0089m during oxygen supply
3/ (min.m
3)., the required ventilation of control optimal temperature is 0.009m
3/ (min.m
3).In addition also will be with reference to the weather condition factor of locality.
The control of moisture content in the fermenting process
Moisture content is the important factor that influences fermentation reaction speed and finished product compost quality in the material raw material.Because water is that organism decomposes and the essential condition of microbial reproduction in the fermenting process, simultaneously during the fermentation, the evaporation of moisture can be taken away heat, plays the adjusting leavening temperature.Water content is best 50%~60% in the ordinary material raw material.When water content is lower than 40%, can not satisfy the needs of fermentation, influence fermenting speed; And when wherein moisture content surpasses 70%,, hinder ventilation owing to be full of moisture between the material, and the oxygen supply degree does not reach, thereby causes anaerobically fermenting, or causes temperature to be difficult to rise, and the decomposing and fermenting speed of response reduces.
Therefore, the present invention has following advantage: 1, treatment process is simple, the quality of finished height, and harmless treatment is effective, and the process of fermentation is convenient to control; 2, simple in structure, injection flow rate is even, the job stability height, and labour intensity is little; 3, can adjust according to practical situation, adapt to various occasions, the hopper of the different depths and different in width is operated.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment:
The livestock and poultry liquid dung treatment system, comprise hopper 22, bottom at hopper is provided with breather line, the both sides of hopper are provided with track 1, spill shower device being provided with on the hopper. be provided with cart 2 on the track 1, on cart 2, be provided with slide rail 3, slide rail 3 is provided with dolly 4, on dolly 4, connected agitator 5, connected agitating roller 7 on the crawler belt 6 of described agitator 5, be hinged with cylinder 8 at the middle part of dolly 4, the other end of cylinder links to each other with agitator pedestal 9, and described agitator pedestal 9 is hinged by stationary shaft 10 and dolly 4.Described hopper 22 is located in the fermentation house, and described fermentation house top is provided with ventilation opening, and the top of fermentation house is transparent watt; Side at hopper is provided with waste liquid pool in parallel 21.
One end of agitator 5 is provided with main drive shaft 11, is provided with motion-work wheel 12 on main drive shaft 11; The other end is provided with driven shaft 13, is provided with follow-up pulley 14 on driven shaft 13; Described motion-work wheel 12 and follow-up pulley 14 are meshed with crawler belt 6.Main drive shaft 11 on the agitator 5 links to each other with drive shaft 16 by transmission belt 15, and described drive shaft 16 links to each other with drive-motor 17 by transmission belt 15.The axis of described agitator 5 becomes angle α with the axis of dolly, and the size at α angle is 45 °.
Spill shower device and comprise water pump 18, water pump links to each other with hydraulic pipe 9, has connected shower 20 on cart 2, and described shower 20 links to each other with water pump 18 by hydraulic pipe 19; Described hydraulic pipe 19 passes hopper and enters waste liquid pool.The water pump 18 that spills shower device is suspended on the hydraulic pipe 19, and water pump 18 is 120mm with the distance of waste liquid pool 21 bottoms.
The livestock and poultry liquid dung treatment process, it is characterized in that comprising the steps: a, prepare the fermentation material: with mixing of materials, making its water content is 55%; B, innoxious fermentation: the time is 6 days, with Mixing Machine the material in the fermenter is regularly stirred, and material temperature is 60 ℃, and simultaneously to the material oxygen supply, the oxygen level that makes material is 15%; C, fermentation dried: the time is 15 days, with Mixing Machine the material in the fermenter is regularly stirred, simultaneously to the material oxygen supply with the control leavening temperature.Ventilation during innoxious fermentation stage oxygen supply is 0.0089m
3/ min.Ventilation during fermentation dried stage oxygen supply is 0.0090m
3/ min.
Specific embodiment described herein only is that the utility model spirit is illustrated.The utility model person of ordinary skill in the field can make various modifications or replenishes or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present utility model or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Although this paper has used terms such as hopper, shower, hydraulic pipe, water pump, wastewater disposal basin morely, do not get rid of the possibility of using other term.Using these terms only is in order to describe and explain essence of the present utility model more easily; They are construed to any additional restriction all is contrary with the utility model spirit.