CN100529405C - 单叶片真空泵 - Google Patents

单叶片真空泵 Download PDF

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CN100529405C
CN100529405C CNB2005800270353A CN200580027035A CN100529405C CN 100529405 C CN100529405 C CN 100529405C CN B2005800270353 A CNB2005800270353 A CN B2005800270353A CN 200580027035 A CN200580027035 A CN 200580027035A CN 100529405 C CN100529405 C CN 100529405C
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rotor
vacuum pump
vane vacuum
single vane
blade
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CN101010514A (zh
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维利·施奈德
马丁·托马
弗里德黑尔姆·普菲策尔
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Joma Hydromechanic GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/34—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C18/344—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C18/3441—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/34—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C18/344—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/08—Rotary pistons
    • F01C21/0809—Construction of vanes or vane holders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2220/00—Application
    • F04C2220/10—Vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2230/00—Manufacture
    • F04C2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F04C2230/22—Manufacture essentially without removing material by sintering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/20—Rotors

Abstract

本发明涉及一种单叶片真空泵，其具有杯形的外壳(12)、可偏心转动地安装在外壳(12)中的转子(18)、垂直于转动轴可移动地安装在转子(18)中的叶片(20)、以及封闭由叶片(20)分开的工作空间的外壳盖，其中，转子(18)至少部分地由烧结硬质合金制造。

Description

单叶片真空泵
技术领域
本发明涉及一种单叶片真空泵，其具有桥形的外壳、可偏心转动地安装在外壳中的转子、垂直于转动轴可移动地安装在转子中的叶片、以及封闭由叶片分开的工作空间的外壳盖。
背景技术
已知具有这样结构的真空泵。它通常具有由金属制成的外壳，转子可转动地安装在该外壳中并且工作空间构成在该外壳中。例如汽车的马达驱动转子。同样是已知的是，转子由金属制成并且特别地由烧结硬质合金制成。由于转子较大的重量，该转子具有较大的惯性转矩，从而真空泵的耗用功率是令人讨厌地高。
发明内容
因此本发明的任务在于，提供一种真空泵，特别是具有较小的耗用功率的单叶片真空泵。
根据本发明该任务通过开头所述类型的单叶片真空泵以下面的方式解决，即转子至少部分由烧结硬质合金制成，并且转子具有转子轴和安置在转子轴上的转子外壳，并且用于容纳转子外壳的转子轴具有至少两个平行于转动轴突出的心轴。
本发明在于，仅仅转子的部分由具有较小重量的另一种金属制造。因此转子的整个重量减小并且惯性力矩降低。因此可以实现，真空泵的耗用功率比传统的设备更小。特别地转子的必须传输大力矩的部分如前所述由金属制成，与之现反转子的要求较小强度的段由另一种材料制成。
在一个扩展方案中提出，所述转子具有转子轴和安置在转子轴上的转子外壳。该转子轴用于引入用于驱动泵所要求的转矩并且使得带有叶片的转子转动。转子外壳用于容纳和引导叶片。
因为驱动力和在加速和减速时作用的力矩主要必须由转子轴支持，所以转子轴由烧结硬质合金制成。在引导叶片中这样的力和转矩起到次要的作用，其中注意在前面部分中的密封问题。因此根据本发明的转子外壳由塑料制成。当塑料与金属配合时，在这里与由技术制成的叶片配合时，塑料具有突出的摩擦特性，从而摩擦力减小到最小，这同样防止过度的加热。
最后转子外壳也可以用于互相密封两个工作空间，通过转子外壳接触内圆周壁。如果泵外壳由技术制成并且转子外壳由塑料制成，那么摩擦力减小并且获得良好的密封。
优选的实施例规例下列的塑料用于转子外壳：聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、聚醚砜(PES)、聚苯乙烯反式立构聚合物(SPS)或者聚苯硫醚(PPS)。这些塑料是极其耐磨的并且相对于润滑剂是持久的。
将转子外壳插入到转子轴上，特别是沿轴向插入到转子轴上，实现转子的简单的装配。插拔连接是容易的并且特别地在没有工具的情况下建立。此外在真空泵运行时没有力沿着插入方向或者相反于插入方向作用，所以不必担心插拔连接的松开。
本发明的一个优选的变型提出，用于容纳转子外壳的转子轴具有至少两个平行于转动轴突出的心轴。与之相对，转子外壳具有两个可以插到心轴上的轴套。心轴和轴套的形状有利的如此选择，使得不仅转子外壳固定地由转子轴保持，而且同样保持叶片的引导力通过轴套由心轴支持。
为此心轴延伸超过叶片的高度至少一部分。为了能够在相对短的心轴时(它例如超过叶片的高度的10％-20％延伸)同样固定地保持和引导叶片，套的另外的没有被心轴贯穿接合的部分借助于支撑物加劲。因此节省材料和重量。
从从属权利要求以及其中参考附图详细地描述了一个特别优选的实施例的下列描述中可以得出本发明的其他优点、特征和详情。所以在附图中示出的以及在说明书和从属权利要求中所述的特征根据本发明的本质可以是单独的或者以任意方式组合。
附图说明
在附图中示出：
图1示出真空泵的分解图；
图2示出转子轴的透视图；
图3示出转子外壳的透视图；以及
图4示出带有插入的叶片的转子外亮的透视图。
具体实施方式
在图1中用附图标记10表示整个真空泵，其中示出没有外壳盖的外壳12。该外壳12具有通向内腔16中的吸入接口14。在该内腔16中设有整体用18表示的转子，叶片20垂直于旋转轴21可移动地安装在该转子中。转子18由两部分组成并且具有转子轴22和转子外壳24。转子轴22贯穿接合外壳12，特别是通过传动开口28贯穿接合内腔18的底部26并且长方形的段30在背面从外壳12中突出，通过该长方形段(借助于未示出的驱动器)使该转子轴转动。传动开口28设有合适的密封剂，以致于润滑剂不能从离开内腔16并且空气和/或污物不能进入到内腔16中。
如从图2中可以看出，段30在具有圆形横截面的圆柱形段32上延伸。在段32上连接有圆盘34，两个心轴(Dorn)36从该圆盘34中轴向突出。心轴36设有凹口38，以致于它们基本上总是由壁40构成，该壁具有字母“D”的形状。在两个心轴36之间设有工作面42，该工作面由圆盘34的上面的部分构成。叶片20的窄面贴靠在该工作面42上。此外，润滑剂孔44通入到该工作面42中，通过该润滑剂孔向工作面42和内腔16和/或叶片20的其他的工作面或者共同的工作面供给润滑剂。
图3示出具有垂直截面的转子外壳24，所述截面相应于翻转的或者向下敞开的“U”形。转子外壳24具有两个轴套46，它们通过桥接件48互相连接。这些轴套46最大程度中空地构造，这从图4中可以看出。两个轴套46在它们之间限定了两个工作面50，叶片20的宽面贴靠在该工作面上。最后桥接件48的下面位于两个轴套46之间的段同时构成工作面52，叶片20的第二窄面贴靠在该工作面上。因此通过工作面42、50和52叶片20能被限制地引导并且向叶片纵向轴54的两边移动。
如从图4中明显地看出，轴套46具有心轴36能插入的第一段56。同样中空构造的第二段58连接于第一段56，但是支撑物60在该第二段中延伸，这些支撑物特别地沿大约径向的方向设置。轴套46同样主要由具有基本上“D状”的壁构成。因此转子外壳24的重量相当小。
因为心轴36同样中空地构造，所以它的质量由壁40的重量确定。在一个优选的实施例中，长方形的段30同样也中空地设计，从而减小它的质量。该中空的空间从段30的自由端一直延伸到润滑剂孔44。该中空空间通过段30的基本上长方形壁限制。
在本发明的改进方案中，圆柱形段32的侧向超过段30的部分也中空地构造，其中该中空空间一直延伸到圆盘34的下面并且在每一面上具有基本上D形的横截面。因此减小段32的质量。
转子18的一部分由烧结硬质合金制成，而另一部分是塑料件，这样进一步减小转子18的重量。特别地，转子外壳24由塑料制成。因此能够提供工作面50和52与叶片20的表面的最佳的摩擦配合。

Claims (11)

1.一种单叶片真空泵(10)，其具有杯形的外壳(12)；可偏心转动地安装在外壳(12)中的转子(18)；垂直于转动轴可移动地安装在转子(18)中的叶片(20)；以及封闭由叶片(20)分开的工作空间的外壳盖，其中转子(18)至少部分地由烧结硬质合金制造，其特征在于，所述转子(18)具有转子轴(22)和安置在转子轴(22)上的转子外壳(24)，并且用于容纳转子外壳(24)的转子轴(22)具有至少两个平行于转动轴突出的心轴(36)。
2.如权利要求1所述的单叶片真空泵，其特征在于，转子轴(22)由烧结硬质合金制成。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的单叶片真空泵，其特征在于，转子外壳(24)由塑料制成。
4.如权利要求3所述的单叶片真空泵，其特征在于，塑料是聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、聚醚砜(PES)、聚苯乙烯反式立构聚合物(SPS)或者聚苯硫醚(PPS)。
5.如权利要求1所述的单叶片真空泵，其特征在于，转子外壳(24)具有两个可以插到心轴(36)上的轴套(46)。
6.如权利要求1或5所述的单叶片真空泵，其特征在于，心轴(36)延伸超过叶片(20)的高度至少一部分。
7.如权利要求5所述的单叶片真空泵，其特征在于，轴套(46)的另外的没有被心轴(36)贯穿接合的部分(58)借助于支撑物(60)加劲。
8.如权利要求1或2所述的单叶片真空泵，其特征在于，转子(18)中空地构成。
9.如权利要求1或2所述的单叶片真空泵，其特征在于，转子轴(22)和/或转子外壳(24)具有中空空间。
10.如权利要求1或2所述的单叶片真空泵，其特征在于，转子轴(22)具有三个中空空间。
11.如权利要求1或2所述的单叶片真空泵，其特征在于，转子(18)仅部分地由烧结硬质合金制成。
CNB2005800270353A 2004-07-09 2005-04-20 单叶片真空泵 Active CN100529405C (zh)

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DE102004034925.8 2004-07-09
DE102004034925A DE102004034925B3 (de) 2004-07-09 2004-07-09 Einflügelvakuumpumpe

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KR101225346B1 (ko) 2013-01-23
KR20070034092A (ko) 2007-03-27
DE102004034925B3 (de) 2006-02-16
KR101131741B1 (ko) 2012-04-05
WO2006005380A1 (de) 2006-01-19
DE502005002006D1 (de) 2007-12-27
EP1766242B1 (de) 2008-02-13
CN101010514A (zh) 2007-08-01
EP1766240B1 (de) 2007-11-14
DE502005002846D1 (de) 2008-03-27
EP1766240A1 (de) 2007-03-28
CA2575775A1 (en) 2006-01-19
CN101002024A (zh) 2007-07-18
EP1766242A1 (de) 2007-03-28
CA2575890A1 (en) 2006-01-19
WO2006005445A1 (de) 2006-01-19

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