CN100521364C - A crash selection method for thrown lead acid accumulator and special tower gravity selector - Google Patents
A crash selection method for thrown lead acid accumulator and special tower gravity selector Download PDFInfo
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- CN100521364C CN100521364C CNB2007101570040A CN200710157004A CN100521364C CN 100521364 C CN100521364 C CN 100521364C CN B2007101570040 A CNB2007101570040 A CN B2007101570040A CN 200710157004 A CN200710157004 A CN 200710157004A CN 100521364 C CN100521364 C CN 100521364C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Abstract
The invention provides a breaking and grading method for a waste lead acid accumulator and a special tower gravity grading machine. The method includes using a common punching machine to preliminarily break, using a a jaw breaker to break mechanically then using a ball grinder to finely grind, finally using the special tower gravity grading machine to grade. The invention has the advantages of sufficient breakage, thorough material gradation, fine grinding grain grade, as well as controllable grain grade; the invention can high efficiently resolve the waste lead acid accumulator into light materials (AGM fiber, ABS, PP, PVC plastic, epoxy resin particle, rubber pressure cap, O-rings), heavy materials (lead and lead alloy), and medium materials (gypsum mud materials containing Pb, PbO, PbO2, PbSO4); small corrosive degree of the equipment, thereby solving the corrosion problems commonly existed in the traditional breaking and grading equipment; steady and reliable equipment, economical investment, as well as low operating cost. Through water medium cycle reutilization, the invention not only can save water resources but also can eliminate environment pollution.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lead-acid accumulator cracking and sorting method, and the tower gravity classifier of special use in the assorting room.
(2) background technology
At present, the recycling of lead-acid accumulator has crucial meaning, and it is recycling that it both can make valuable lead resource obtain, and can eliminate in the refuse battery contained heavy metal ion again to the severe contamination of environment.For high efficiente callback utilizes lead-acid accumulator, at first refuse battery must be carried out efficiency crushing and sorting.In this refuse battery efficiency crushing screening installation field, the equipment of having developed mainly contains the CX cracking and sorting system of Italian Engitec Technologies company and the MA cracking and sorting system of U.S. MA company exploitation, and these two kinds of technology all have complete equipment.
The method of taking in the CX crushing system of Italy Engitec Technologies company is earlier refuse battery to be crushed in feed bin in advance, and then carries out the paddle type mill fragmentation.The assorting room of this equipment has adopted the two step method of getting mud, back separation of lead alloy and light material earlier, and the aperture of vibrating screen is 1mm in this system, easily causes sieve pore blockade in the course of work, influences operating efficiency.
The cracking and sorting system of U.S. MA company is obviously different with the CX crushing system of Italian Engitec Technologies company, it does not experience the whole precrushing of refuse battery, after refuse battery falls acid, directly carry out the paddle type mill fragmentation, in hammering, vibrate.The characteristics of this equipment are that the mechanical automation level is higher, but the process complexity, apparatus expensive, investment is big, the operating cost height.But the present lead acid accumulator has adopted the non-maintaining technology of valve control of AGM dividing plate, and the refuse battery of inefficacy is dry mostly, and acid solution can't be poured out, impact effect.
In addition, above-mentioned two kinds of device systems in the course of the work, owing to be subjected to a large amount of effects that have corrosive brown lead oxide and sulfuric acid that exist in the refuse battery, particularly, modern valve control maintenance-free lead accumulator is influenced by thermal runaway, cause in the waste battery acid solution dry, sulfuric acid concentration is high, and cracking and sorting equipment is caused heavy corrosion.
At present, lead-acid accumulator mainly is made of valve control maintenance-free battery and common open cell two big classes, and wherein valve control maintenance-free battery comprises AGM dividing plate imbibition type and two kinds of forms of colloid battery again.Generally adopted ABS plastic shell and more firm structure in the valve control maintenance-free battery, general more previous open type automobile, the motorcycle battery of its intensity and toughness will be got well.
Characteristics at the non-maintaining refuse battery of valve control (main flow battery) of present high strength, high tenacity, the paddle type mill fragmentation is difficult for refuse battery is crushed to very fine granularity, so the best way is at first to experience structural precrushing, adopt the mode of multiple technologies means combination then, reach good fragmentation and sorting refuse battery.
(3) summary of the invention
For overcoming the problems that exist in the conventional cracking and sorting equipment, the invention provides that a kind of cracking and sorting is effective, grind size is thin, equipment is difficult for being corroded, reliable and stable, small investment, a kind of lead-acid accumulator cracking and sorting method that operating cost is low, and special-purpose tower gravity classifier in the assorting room.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of lead-acid accumulator cracking and sorting method, described method comprises:
(1) lead-acid accumulator is dropped in the punch press, it is tentatively broken to carry out structural deterioration;
(2) step (1) is dropped in the alligator through preliminary broken material, inject ammoniacal liquor, regulating pH is 4～6, carry out Mechanical Crushing to material full-size less than 3cm;
(3) step (2) is dropped in the ball mill through the material of Mechanical Crushing, be ground to step by step that to contain lead plaster mud raw meal particle size be 20～150 μ m;
(4) with the material of step (3) through grinding with tower gravity classifier sorting, material is fully separated, obtain light material (AGM fiber, ABS, PP, PVC plastics, epoxy resin particle, rubber mass air pressure cap, O shape circle), heavier feeds (lead and lead alloy) and middle pledge material (contain Pb, PbO, PbO
2, PbSO
4Cream mud material).
The inventive method process chart is referring to Fig. 1.
Because the brown lead oxide in the waste lead acid battery has severe corrosive in acid solution, will inevitably cause serious corrosion and damage to disintegrating apparatus.At this problem, the present invention injects ammonia spirit in Mechanical Crushing, allows the residual acid in ammoniacal liquor and the refuse battery fully react, and greatly reduces the acidity and the corrosivity of medium.The reacted accessory substance of ammoniacal liquor is an ammonium sulfate, and it can remove metal ion by follow-up purified treatment, and further handles by limewash, is converted into weak aqua ammonia, and recirculation is used.
Used ammoniacal liquor mass concentration is 5～30% in the step (2).
The invention still further relates to a kind of tower gravity classifier that is used for lead-acid accumulator cracking and sorting assorting room, be followed successively by uncovered feed space, slurry circular chamber, heavier feeds feeder from top to bottom, described feed space and slurry circular chamber are column structure, described heavier feeds feeder is the vertebral body structure, feed space top is provided with the light material outlet, described light material outlet is connected with the light material feeder, and feed space and slurry circular chamber are separated by porous plate; Described slurry circular chamber is provided with discharge gate and charging aperture, and described discharge gate is communicated with charging aperture by the bypass circuit system; Described slurry circular chamber bottom is provided with the even distribution grid of fluid flow with heavier feeds feeder junction, the even distribution grid of described fluid flow is made of air chamber, screening plate and gas transition chamber thereof, described air chamber is provided with air intake, described screening plate is provided with the escape pipe that is communicated with the gas transition chamber thereof, be furnished with the material flow siphunculus that is communicated with the slurry circular chamber on the described screening plate, described air chamber and the sealing of slurry circular chamber, described heavier feeds feeder bottom is provided with flow inlet.
Described bypass circuit system is by forming with slurry defecator, drain pipe, circulating pump, liquid back pipe that discharge gate is connected successively, described discharge gate, slurry defecator, drain pipe, circulating pump, liquid back pipe, charging aperture constitute circulation, described slurry defecator top is provided with overfall, described overfall is connected with described drain pipe, described slurry defecator bottom is communicated with middle material storage tank by pipeline, material storage tank top is provided with filter in described, and described filter is provided with the pipeline that is communicated with drain pipe.
Preferably, in the described feed space porous vibrating frame is set.
Described feed space internal diameter is 1:1～3 with the ratio of feed space height.
Described slurry circular chamber internal diameter is 1:0.5～1 with the ratio of slurry circular chamber height.
Described heavier feeds feeder maximum inner diameter is 1:0.5～1 with the ratio of height.
Preferably, the top of described light material feeder is provided with water pistol, is provided with blender in the feeder, when light material stirs, to its flushing, the lead plaster mud that contains is wherein separated.
Preferably, described light material feeder is provided with the delivery port of band water treatment plant, described light material feeder below is provided with hopper, described delivery port is communicated with hopper, described hopper is communicated with by the flow inlet of circulating pump with heavier feeds feeder bottom, water can be recycling in the assorting room like this, saved water.
In the tower gravity classifier, current enter from tower bottom, from bottom to top; Material after refuse battery is pulverized enters from top, falls naturally, forms adverse current with current and impacts.The density that refuse battery is pulverized each component in the material differs very big, and the proportion maximum of lead and lead alloy contains lead plaster mud and takes second place, and AGM fiber, PP, ABS, PVC plastics, epoxy resin particle, rubber mass air pressure cap, O shape are enclosed the lightest.Therefore, with compressed air bubbling pressure above-mentioned material is separated by adjusting water velocity: the heavy part (lead and lead alloy) that (1) density is big falls into the bottom and obtains collecting; (2) lightweight part (the AGM fiber that density is little, PP, PVC, ABS plastic, epoxy resin particle, rubber mass air pressure cap, O shape circle) (but wherein can mix a spot of lead plaster mud that contains from the top emersion, need remove through subsequent treatment and contain lead plaster mud), collect by dedicated slot; (3) the medium part of density (containing lead plaster mud) is in outstanding turbid attitude and in time derives through tower middle part bypass circuit liquid fluid system, through the medial launder clarification, obtain behind the filtering means dehydration water content lower contain lead plaster mud.Topmost thing phase component is Pb, PbO, PbO in this cream pug
2, PbSO
4
Beneficial effect of the present invention is mainly reflected in: fragmentation fully, grind size is thin and can control its granularity; Light material (AGM fiber, ABS, PP, PVC plastics, epoxy resin particle, rubber mass air pressure cap, O shape circle), heavier feeds (lead and lead alloy) and middle pledge material be can efficiently lead-acid accumulator be decomposed into and (Pb, PbO, PbO be contained
2, PbSO
4Cream mud material); The degree that equipment is corroded is little, has solved ubiquitous etching problem in traditional cracking and sorting equipment; Equipment is reliable and stable, reduced investment, and operating cost is low.By the aqueous medium circulating and recovering, not only saved water resources but also eliminated environmental pollution.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the inventive method process chart;
Fig. 2 is the tower gravity classifier structural representation of the present invention.
(5) embodiment
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited in this:
Embodiment 1:
Disintegrating apparatus has been selected for use and has been impacted bed (Zhejiang Polytechnical University provides), alligator (Shanghai magnificent machinery plant far away, PE-150 * 250) and horizontal ball mill (Zhejiang Polytechnical University provides), and disposal ability is 1 ton of refuse battery/h.
Screening installation has adopted tower gravity classifier, and structure is referring to Fig. 1, and feed space 1 top is provided with light material outlet 4, and the feed space bottom is provided with porous vibrating frame 5 with slurry circular chamber 2 junctions, and described porous vibrating frame links to each other with curved roll turbine 6; Slurry circular chamber bottom is provided with the even distribution grid 7 of fluid flow with heavier feeds feeder 3 junctions, the even distribution grid of described fluid flow is by air chamber 8, screening plate 9 and gas transition chamber thereof 10 constitute, described air chamber 8 is provided with air intake 11 (linking to each other with air pump), described screening plate is provided with the escape pipe 12 that is communicated with the gas transition chamber thereof, be furnished with the material flow siphunculus 13 that is communicated with the slurry circular chamber on the described screening plate, described air chamber and the sealing of slurry circular chamber, the slurry circular chamber is provided with discharge gate 14 and charging aperture 15, and described discharge gate and charging aperture are formed the circulatory system by circulating pump; Heavier feeds feeder bottom is provided with flow inlet 16; Described bypass circuit system forms by being connected with slurry defecator 17, drain pipe 18, circulating pump 19, liquid back pipe 20 in turn with discharge gate, described discharge gate, slurry defecator, drain pipe, circulating pump, liquid back pipe, charging aperture constitute circulation, described slurry defecator top is provided with overfall, described overfall is connected with described drain pipe, described slurry defecator bottom links to each other with filter by valve, pipeline, and described filter is provided with the pipeline that is communicated with drain pipe.Tower cylinder internal diameter is 80cm, and total height is 240cm (feed space 160cm, slurry circular chamber 80cm); The cone maximum inner diameter is 80cm, highly is 100cm, and vibrating frame is of a size of Φ 60cm * 40cm, and it is 50m that tower bottom is carried the flow of the pump of liquid
3/ h, the flow of the pump that tower middle part bypass circuit liquid is carried is 25m
3/ h, compressed-air actuated bubbling pressure is 2 atmospheric pressure.
Carried out actual motion in above-mentioned cracking and sorting equipment, its process is as follows.
Get the 500kg refuse battery, drop in the punch press, carry out preliminary fragmentation, preliminary broken material drops in the alligator again, and the broken material size is injected 10% ammoniacal liquor less than 3cm in Mechanical Crushing, regulate pH to 4～5 of material handling system.Treatment fluid is by follow-up purified treatment, remove metal ion after, handle by limewash, be converted into weak aqua ammonia, recycle.
Material after the fragmentation is through ball mill step by step after the fine grinding, the granularity that contains lead plaster mud material reaches 20-50 μ m, material after the grinding obtains after tower gravity classifier sorting: light material 34.5kg such as (1) AGM fiber, waste plastics, (2) contain lead plaster mud 330kg, (3) lead and lead alloy 148kg.
Embodiment 2:
Equipment therefor is with embodiment 1, and it is 75m that tower bottom is carried the flow of the pump of liquid
3/ h, the flow of the pump that tower middle part bypass circuit liquid is carried is 35m
3/ h, compressed-air actuated bubbling pressure is 2.5 atmospheric pressure.
Carried out actual motion in above-mentioned cracking and sorting equipment, its process is as follows.
Get the 1000kg refuse battery, drop in the punch press, carry out preliminary fragmentation, preliminary broken material drops in the alligator again, injects 15% ammoniacal liquor in Mechanical Crushing, regulates the pH to 5-6 of medium.Medium is by follow-up purified treatment, remove metal ion after, handle by limewash, be converted into weak aqua ammonia, recycle.
Material after the fragmentation is through ball mill step by step after the fine grinding, the granularity that contains lead plaster mud material reaches 80～100 μ m, material after the grinding obtains after tower gravity classifier sorting: light material 70.5kg such as (1) AGM fiber, waste plastics, (2) contain lead plaster mud 655kg, (3) lead and lead alloy 298kg.
Claims (9)
1. lead-acid accumulator cracking and sorting method, described method comprises:
(1) lead-acid accumulator is dropped in the punch press, it is tentatively broken to carry out structural deterioration;
(2) step (1) is dropped in the alligator through preliminary broken material, inject ammoniacal liquor simultaneously, regulating material pH is 4～6, carry out Mechanical Crushing to material full-size less than 3cm;
(3) step (2) is dropped in the ball mill through the material of Mechanical Crushing, be ground to step by step that to contain lead plaster mud raw meal particle size be 20～150 μ m;
(4) with the material of step (3) through grinding with tower gravity classifier sorting, material is fully separated; Described tower gravity classifier is followed successively by uncovered feed space, slurry circular chamber, heavier feeds feeder from top to bottom, described feed space and slurry circular chamber are column structure, described heavier feeds feeder is an inverted pyramidal structures, feed space top is provided with the light material outlet, described light material outlet is connected with the light material feeder, and feed space and slurry circular chamber are separated by porous plate; Described slurry circular chamber is provided with discharge gate and charging aperture, and described discharge gate is communicated with charging aperture by the bypass circuit system; Described slurry circular chamber bottom is provided with the even distribution grid of fluid flow with heavier feeds feeder junction, the even distribution grid of described fluid flow is made of air chamber, screening plate and gas transition chamber thereof, described air chamber is provided with air intake, described screening plate is provided with the escape pipe that is communicated with the gas transition chamber thereof, be furnished with the material flow siphunculus that is communicated with the slurry circular chamber on the described screening plate, described air chamber and the sealing of slurry circular chamber, described heavier feeds feeder bottom is provided with flow inlet.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that used ammoniacal liquor mass concentration is 5～30% in the step (2).
3. tower gravity classifier that is used for the lead-acid accumulator cracking and sorting, be followed successively by uncovered feed space, slurry circular chamber, heavier feeds feeder from top to bottom, described feed space and slurry circular chamber are column structure, described heavier feeds feeder is an inverted pyramidal structures, feed space top is provided with the light material outlet, described light material outlet is connected with the light material feeder, and feed space and slurry circular chamber are separated by porous plate; Described slurry circular chamber is provided with discharge gate and charging aperture, and described discharge gate is communicated with charging aperture by the bypass circuit system; Described slurry circular chamber bottom is provided with the even distribution grid of fluid flow with heavier feeds feeder junction, the even distribution grid of described fluid flow is made of air chamber, screening plate and gas transition chamber thereof, described air chamber is provided with air intake, described screening plate is provided with the escape pipe that is communicated with the gas transition chamber thereof, be furnished with the material flow siphunculus that is communicated with the slurry circular chamber on the described screening plate, described air chamber and the sealing of slurry circular chamber, described heavier feeds feeder bottom is provided with flow inlet.
4. tower gravity classifier as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that described bypass circuit system is by forming with slurry defecator, drain pipe, circulating pump, liquid back pipe that discharge gate is connected successively, described discharge gate, slurry defecator, drain pipe, circulating pump, liquid back pipe, charging aperture constitute circulation, described slurry defecator top is provided with overfall, described overfall is connected with described drain pipe, described slurry defecator bottom links to each other with filter by valve, pipeline, and described filter is provided with the pipeline that is communicated with drain pipe.
5. tower gravity classifier as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that being provided with in the described feed space porous vibrating frame.
6. tower gravity classifier as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that the described feed space internal diameter and the ratio of feed space height are 1:1～3.
7. tower gravity classifier as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that the described slurry circular chamber internal diameter and the ratio of slurry circular chamber height are 1:0.5～1.
8. tower gravity classifier as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that the described heavier feeds feeder awl end internal diameter and the ratio of height are 1:0.5～1.
9. tower gravity classifier as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that described light material feeder is provided with the delivery port of band water treatment plant, described light material feeder below is provided with hopper, described delivery port is communicated with hopper, and described hopper is communicated with by the flow inlet of circulating pump with heavier feeds feeder bottom.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007101570040A CN100521364C (en) | 2007-11-20 | 2007-11-20 | A crash selection method for thrown lead acid accumulator and special tower gravity selector |
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| CNB2007101570040A CN100521364C (en) | 2007-11-20 | 2007-11-20 | A crash selection method for thrown lead acid accumulator and special tower gravity selector |
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| CN100521364C true CN100521364C (en) | 2009-07-29 |
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Families Citing this family (12)
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| CN101979165B (en) * | 2010-09-26 | 2013-02-27 | 杨春明 | Waste lead-acid accumulator breaking separation machine and method |
| CN102615095B (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2014-08-20 | 株洲金鼎高端装备有限公司 | Automatic crushing and separation system and automatic crushing and separation method for waste lead-acid storage battery |
| CN103390781B (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2016-05-04 | 中国瑞林工程技术有限公司 | For treatment system and the processing method of waste and old lead acid accumulator |
| CN103050745B (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2015-05-20 | 华中科技大学 | Pretreatment method for lead plaster of waste lead-acid accumulators |
| CN103490115B (en) * | 2013-09-02 | 2015-08-12 | 浙江天能电源材料有限公司 | A kind of Battery recycling piece-rate system |
| CN104505554B (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2016-08-17 | 遵义市金狮金属合金有限公司 | A kind of method of comprehensive utilization of waste and old lead acid accumulator |
| CN107971327A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-05-01 | 环创(厦门）科技股份有限公司 | Battery cell case crushing washing equipment and technique |
| CN108183278A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-06-19 | 天津华庆百胜能源有限公司 | A kind of lead-acid accumulator recovery method of environmental protection |
| CN108514763B (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2020-06-19 | 湘潭大学 | Continuous lead plaster screening method and device |
| CN108832218A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-16 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of lead plaster fluidisation method for separating and device |
| CN109536738B (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2021-02-12 | 湘潭大学 | Impurity removal method for crude lead paste |
| CN110860517B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2023-09-15 | 浙江华康药业股份有限公司 | Ion exchange resin cleaning system and cleaning method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4769116A (en) * | 1986-01-09 | 1988-09-06 | Engitec Impianti S.P.A. | Hydrometallurgical process for an overall recovery of the components of exhausted lead-acid batteries |
| EP1408575A2 (en) * | 1996-03-05 | 2004-04-14 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Process and apparatus for recovering components of sealed type battery |
| CN1846005A (en) * | 2003-07-18 | 2006-10-11 | 康迪股份有限公司 | Process for the high yield recovery of lead from spent lead-acid batteries with reduced associated production of slag and gaseous emissions |
| WO2007026322A2 (en) * | 2005-09-02 | 2007-03-08 | New Energy Power S.R.L. | Plant for the recovery of spent electric batteries |
-
2007
- 2007-11-20 CN CNB2007101570040A patent/CN100521364C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4769116A (en) * | 1986-01-09 | 1988-09-06 | Engitec Impianti S.P.A. | Hydrometallurgical process for an overall recovery of the components of exhausted lead-acid batteries |
| EP1408575A2 (en) * | 1996-03-05 | 2004-04-14 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Process and apparatus for recovering components of sealed type battery |
| CN1846005A (en) * | 2003-07-18 | 2006-10-11 | 康迪股份有限公司 | Process for the high yield recovery of lead from spent lead-acid batteries with reduced associated production of slag and gaseous emissions |
| WO2007026322A2 (en) * | 2005-09-02 | 2007-03-08 | New Energy Power S.R.L. | Plant for the recovery of spent electric batteries |
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