CN100449018C - Method for preparing high-strength wear-resistant brass pipe - Google Patents
Method for preparing high-strength wear-resistant brass pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN100449018C CN100449018C CNB2005100803222A CN200510080322A CN100449018C CN 100449018 C CN100449018 C CN 100449018C CN B2005100803222 A CNB2005100803222 A CN B2005100803222A CN 200510080322 A CN200510080322 A CN 200510080322A CN 100449018 C CN100449018 C CN 100449018C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a preparation method of a brass pipe with high strength and favorable wear resistance. In the method, single phase novel high strength wear resistant brass base material base materials in which a beta phase is used as a matrix are processed by hot extrusion deformation on the basis of hot working, wherein the deformation extent can reach at most more than 95% by the hot extrusion working. In the method, Cu-Zn alloys are used a matrix, and a complicated 5 to 9 element alloy system is formed by using a small number of multi-element alloy elements, such as Fe, Ni, Mn, Co, Ti, Cr, Si and Al, wherein the alloy elements can form a wear resistant phase; based on that the alloy elements have strong chemical combination, and the alloy elements hardly react with matrix alloy elements of Cu and Zn at a high temperature, but the alloy elements and the matrix alloy elements have a strong chemical combination tendency, FeAI3, Mn5Si3, Ni2Si, Co2Si, Cr-Si, Fe3Si and Ni-Ti with the characteristics of metal compounds with high hardness are respectively formed, and the wear resistant phase with complicated compositions and very high hardness is formed on the matrix.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to technical field of nonferrous metal processing, particularly a kind of preparation method of high-strength wear-resistant brass pipe.
Background technology:
Brass is most important alloy kind in the copper alloy, and is low with its cost, and performance is good and be widely used in the every field of national economy.
At present, in the synchronous speed change ring gear of automobile and selecting for use of ring gear tube material: be to be the single-phase of base or two-phase brass alloys mutually with alpha+beta mutually with α, it is main that its production method adopts rotary casting or horizontal casting or forging, the brass alloys tubing that it is produced, when being used to make the synchronous speed change ring gear of automobile, its highest gear shift life-span is no more than 7～80,000 times; Trace it to its cause: adopting rotary casting or horizontal casting or forging is main cast article, because the ununiformity that solidification and crystallization process by using produces in the casting causes the skewness of each wear-resisting phase in the cast structure, thereby cause discontinuity of material to be worn and torn, thereby reduced the wearing no resistance of product of this material manufacturing, directly had influence on the work-ing life of the synchronous speed change ring gear of automobile.
At present, we break through 4,000,000 high pointes already at domestic automobile production and marketing scale, the overall market scale of automobile synchronizer tooth ring tubing is more than ten thousand tons, and high-strength wear resistant brass is as the synchronous speed change ring gear of automobile special metals, and still not having other economic novel material at present can substitute.
Application number is that 02119486 " polycomponent wearable brass alloy and methods for forming tubular product thereof " is a kind of method cast of adopting vertical continuous casting, it remains the employing castmethod, does not overcome because the ununiformity that solidification and crystallization process by using produces in the casting causes the problem pockety of each wear-resisting phase in the cast structure.
Summary of the invention:
In order to overcome the problem pockety that the ununiformity that produces owing to solidification and crystallization process by using in the casting causes each wear-resisting phase in the cast structure, the preparation method who the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high-strength wear-resistant brass pipe, particularly be applied to heavy duty, high-speed hydraulic rotor, crawler shoe, self-oiling bearing, net-size forging, the for example synchronous speed change ring gear of automobile and the brass alloy material of ring gear pipe, to adapt to fast-developing automotive industry needs, improve the quality of products.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme, realizes the foregoing invention purpose:
The preparation method of described high-strength wear-resistant brass pipe, based on a kind of be the body material of the single-phase high-strength wear-resistant brass pipe of base mutually with β, with the Cu-Zn alloy is base, alloying element by forming wear-resisting phase such as Fe0.5-1.3, Ni2.5-4.0, Mn0.5-0.8, Co1.5-2.0, Si0.5-1.5, Al3.5-4.5, Cr0.1～0.25, Zn27-32, surplus is polynary a small amount of alloying element of Cu, constitutes 5～9 yuan of complicated alloy systems; Based on the hot extrusion deformation technique of hot-work, deformation extent is the hot extrusion processing more than 95% to the maximum, produces high-strength wear-resistant brass pipe again.
The preparation method of described high-strength wear-resistant brass pipe at first by the proportioning alloy material of weighing, is taken up in order of priority to drop into to have the frequency cored induction furnace that the melt agitating function is strong, power factor is high and carry out melting; The red ingot casting of 1300～1400 ℃ non-direct water-cooling is adopted in casting; The dummy ingot mode adopts the processing step that stopped in 3 seconds 4 seconds that draws that helps the interior liquid scull of crystallizer; And adopt roasting red cigarette ash as lubricant; Casting speed 1.5～4.5m/h, hydraulic pressure 0.02～0.1MPa, the crystallizer specification is Φ 245 * 300～450mm; Employing is beneficial to the resistance heading furnace heating that ingot casting is rapidly heated; Adopting oil press and supporting rational hole forming pin that the ingot casting that heats is carried out tubing extrudes, the preheating temperature 200-350 of hole forming pin ℃, alloy extrudes 500～800 ℃ of temperature, 550～700 ℃ of the transformation temperatures of alloy, extrude rheology speed 0.5～2.2m/s, cooling system after extruding decides employing strong cooling water ring or air cooling way according to the height of alloy phase change temperature, the residence time when the increase cooling intensity can reduce the alloy cooling below transformation temperature, reaches the guarantee of raising alloy property; The cooling water pressure that wherein cools off water ring by force is controlled at 0.02～0.06Mpa or 0.1Mpa, reaches the speed of cooling of inferior as-quenched condition; Aligning is immediately the tubing that extrudes to be carried out hot straightening while hot after employing extrudes; Adopt annealing furnace that the tubing of aligning is carried out temper, 300～350 ℃ of tempering temperatures, tempering time 1-2 hour, eliminate internal stress, improve alloy α phase distribution and shape; Adopt band saw or saw at a slow speed by dimensional requirement tubing is carried out sawing end to end.
The preparation method of described high-strength wear resistant brass pipe, the process for cooling after extruding decides the employing air cooling way according to the height of alloy phase change temperature, and air-cooled employing blowing is cooled off by force extruding tubing.
The present invention is owing to adopt as above technical scheme, and it has following superiority:
The preparation method of this high-strength wear-resistant brass pipe is to be base with the Cu-Zn alloy, by forming polynary a small amount of alloying element of wear-resisting phase, constitutes 5～9 yuan of complicated alloy systems.Have the alloying element of strong chemosynthesis according to these, at high temperature react with matrix alloy element Cu, Zn hardly, but have intensive chemical combination tendency between them, can form FeAl respectively
3, Mn
5Si
3, Ni
2Si, Co
2Si, Cr-Si, Fe
3Si, Ni-Ti high rigidity metallic compound characteristics can form the wear-resisting phase of complicated component, extreme hardness on matrix.The deformation extent maximum of hot extrusion in all deformation methods can reach more than 95%, and big working modulus can be improved wear-resisting distribution mutually in the alloy structure.Adopt the hot extrusion technological method for processing to reach the wear resisting property that improves the synchronous speed change ring gear of automobile.
The preparation method of this high-strength wear-resistant brass pipe, the hot extrusion processing that technical process is short, added value is high, geometrical shape and surface quality are good.High-strength wear resistant brass not only has higher requirement to intensity, the toughness of alloy substrate, and requires must evenly, stably be distributed with on matrix the wear-resisting phase of extreme hardness; Between the relatively low matrix of the wear-resisting phase of extreme hardness and hardness, form good wear-resisting mechanism, also help simultaneously when friction, setting up stable lubricant film, make material under the mal-condition of high speed, heavy duty, be highly resistant to the impact of load and violent abrasive action, have good high-strength, wear resisting property.The high-strength wear-resistant brass pipe that for example is mainly used in the synchronous speed change ring gear of automobile can substantially exceed 100,000 times the gear shift life-span of standard code through extruding processing.
The preparation method of this high-strength wear-resistant brass pipe can make the pipe performance of the synchronous speed change ring gear of automobile reach: Rp0.2 〉=470MPa, A 〉=4～12%, Rm 〉=539～635,20～100 ℃ 0.484～0.84 of thermal conductivity W/Kcm, excentricity≤7%, sinuousness＜5mm/M, tubing inside/outside diameter size deviation be specific diameter ± 0.5%.
The drawing explanation:
Preparation technology's schema of Fig. 1 high-strength wear resistant brass pipe.
Embodiment one:
To make the synchronous speed change ring gear of LW6801 tubing: Φ 68 * 8.5mm is example: outside diameter tolerance ± 0.5mm, internal diameter deviation ± 0.4mm, degree of eccentricity＜7%.Weigh respectively by the material composition proportioning: Fe0.5, Ni3.0, Mn0.6, Co1.5, Si 0.8, Al 3.5, Zn 27, surplus is polynary a small amount of alloying element of Cu, metal is successively dropped into frequency cored induction furnace carry out melting, the red ingot casting of 1300 ℃ non-direct water-cooling is adopted in casting, the dummy ingot mode adopts the processing step that stopped in 3 seconds 4 seconds that draws that helps the interior liquid scull of crystallizer, and adopt roasting red cigarette ash as lubricant, casting speed 1.5m/h, hydraulic pressure 0.02MPa, the crystallizer specification is Φ 245 * 300mm.Ingot casting heating: adopt to be beneficial to the resistance heading furnace heating that ingot casting is rapidly heated, extrude: adopt oil press and supporting rational hole forming pin that the ingot casting that heats is carried out tubing and extrude, 200 ℃ of the preheating temperatures of hole forming pin, 500 ℃ of alloy hot extrusion temperature, 550 ℃ of the transformation temperatures of alloy, extrude rheology speed 0.5m/s, the cooling system after extruding adopts air-cooled carrying out according to the low characteristic of its alloy phase change temperature; Aligning: aligning is while hot the tubing that extrudes to be carried out hot straightening immediately after employing extrudes; Tempering: adopt annealing furnace that the tubing of aligning is carried out temper, 300 ℃ of tempering temperatures, tempering time 1 hour is eliminated internal stress, improves alloy α phase distribution and shape; Sawing: adopt band saw tubing to be carried out sawing end to end by dimensional requirement.After testing: material property reaches Rp0.2 〉=470MPa, Rm 〉=635MPa, A 〉=4%, thermal conductivity W/Kcm (20～100 ℃) 0.84, HB2.5/62.5 〉=197, and external diameter and internal diameter deviation and excentricity all reach contract requirement.
Specific embodiment mode two:
To make the synchronous speed change ring gear of LW6701 tubing: Φ 73.5 * 8.75mm, outside diameter tolerance ± 0.5mm, internal diameter deviation ± 0.4mm, degree of eccentricity＜7%.
At first by material composition weigh respectively Cu 60, Mn 2.5, Al 2.0, Si 0.8, Cr 0.2, Ni0.3, surplus is Zn, metal is successively dropped into frequency cored induction furnace carry out melting, the red ingot casting of 1400 ℃ non-direct water-cooling is adopted in casting, the dummy ingot mode adopts 3 process systems that stop (second) 4 (seconds) that draw that help liquid scull in the crystallizer, and employing is baked red cigarette ash as lubricant, casting speed 4.5m/h, hydraulic pressure 0.1MPa, the crystallizer specification is Φ 245 * 450mm.Ingot casting heating: adopt to be beneficial to the resistance heading furnace heating that ingot casting is rapidly heated, extrude: adopt oil press and supporting rational hole forming pin that the ingot casting that heats is carried out tubing and extrude, the preheating temperature of hole forming pin, 350 ℃, 800 ℃ of alloy hot extrusion temperature, 700 ℃ of the transformation temperatures of alloy, extrude rheology speed 2.2m/s, adopt preceding strong cooling water ring to carry out according to the high characteristic of its alloy phase change temperature after extruding tubing, wherein cooling water pressure is 0.1MPa, reaches the speed of cooling of inferior as-quenched condition; Aligning: aligning carries out hot straightening to the tubing that extrudes after adopting and extruding while hot immediately; Tempering: adopt annealing furnace that the tubing of aligning is carried out temper, 350 ℃ of tempering temperatures, tempering time 2 hours is eliminated internal stress, improves alloy α phase distribution and shape; Sawing: adopt to saw at a slow speed tubing is carried out sawing end to end by dimensional requirement.After testing: material property reaches Rp0.2 〉=470MPa, Rm 〉=537MPa, A 〉=12%, thermal conductivity W/Kcm (20～100 ℃) 0.484, RHB 〉=85, and external diameter and internal diameter deviation and excentricity all reach contract requirement.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of preparation method of high-strength wear-resistant brass pipe, based on a kind of be the single-phase high-strength wear resistant brass body material of base mutually with β, it is characterized in that: with the Cu-Zn alloy is base, by its composition weight percent of alloying element that can form wear-resisting phase be: Fe0.5%-1.3%, Ni2.5%-4.0%, Mn0.5%-0.8%, Co1.5%-2.0%, Si0.5%-1.5%, Al3.5%-4.5%, Cr0.1%～0.25%, Zn27%-32%, surplus is polynary a small amount of alloying element of Cu, constitutes 9 yuan of complicated alloy systems; Employing is based on the hot extrusion deformation technique of hot-work, and deformation extent is the hot extrusion processing more than 95% to the maximum, produces brass pipe;
Concrete manufacture craft is as follows:
At first by the proportioning alloy material of weighing, be taken up in order of priority to drop into to have the frequency cored induction furnace that the melt agitating function is strong, power factor is high and carry out melting; The red ingot casting of 1300～1400 ℃ non-direct water-cooling is adopted in casting; The dummy ingot mode adopts the processing step that stopped in 3 seconds 4 seconds that draws that helps the interior liquid scull of crystallizer; And adopt roasting red cigarette ash as lubricant; Casting speed 1.5～4.5m/h, hydraulic pressure 0.02～0.1MPa, the crystallizer specification is Φ 245 * 300～450mm; Employing is beneficial to the resistance heading furnace heating that ingot casting is rapidly heated; Adopt oil press and supporting rational hole forming pin that the ingot casting that heats is carried out tubing and extrude 200-350 ℃ of hole forming pin preheating temperature; Alloy extrudes 500～800 ℃ of temperature, and 550～700 ℃ of the transformation temperatures of alloy extrude rheology speed 0.5～2.2m/s, and the cooling system after extruding decides the strong cooling of employing water ring according to the height of alloy phase change temperature; The cooling water pressure that wherein cools off water ring by force is controlled at 0.02～0.06MPa, reaches the speed of cooling of inferior as-quenched condition; Aligning is immediately the tubing that extrudes to be carried out hot straightening while hot after employing extrudes; Adopt annealing furnace that the tubing of aligning is carried out temper, 300～350 ℃ of tempering temperatures, tempering time 1-2 hour, eliminate internal stress, improve alloy α phase distribution and shape; Adopt band saw or saw at a slow speed by dimensional requirement tubing is carried out sawing end to end.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2005100803222A CN100449018C (en) | 2005-07-04 | 2005-07-04 | Method for preparing high-strength wear-resistant brass pipe |
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| CNB2005100803222A CN100449018C (en) | 2005-07-04 | 2005-07-04 | Method for preparing high-strength wear-resistant brass pipe |
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| CN100449018C true CN100449018C (en) | 2009-01-07 |
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| CN102367562B (en) * | 2011-10-10 | 2016-09-21 | 江西江铜龙昌精密铜管有限公司 | A kind of manufacture method of copper alloy tube |
| CN102816947B (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2015-02-11 | 孙江强 | Copper alloy antibacterial material and processing technique thereof |
| CN103326216B (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2016-06-22 | 中山品高电子材料有限公司 | The anti-oxidation curing process of binding post |
| CN105013855A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-11-04 | 邯郸新兴特种管材有限公司 | Extrusion method of BMn40-1.5 manganese copper-nickel alloy tube |
| CN105506524A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-04-20 | 中铝洛阳铜业有限公司 | Aluminum iron nickel bronze extruded bar preparation process |
| CN105382797A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-03-09 | 常熟市三荣装饰材料有限公司 | Metal toolbox |
| CN105695663B (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2017-07-04 | 马鞍山市兴达冶金新材料有限公司 | A kind of seamless real core aluminium calcium core-spun yarn and its production system and production method |
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| CN1103340A (en) * | 1993-12-01 | 1995-06-07 | 洛阳铜加工厂研究所 | Method and apparatus for horizontal continuous casting of toothed ring tube of synchronizer |
| CN1230230A (en) * | 1996-09-09 | 1999-09-29 | 东陶机器株式会社 | Copper alloy and method of mfg. same |
| CN1462814A (en) * | 2002-05-28 | 2003-12-24 | 中南大学 | Polycomponent wearable brass alloy and methods for forming tubular product |
| CN1594622A (en) * | 2004-07-05 | 2005-03-16 | 四川莱特新材料科技有限责任公司 | High strength wear resistant complex aluminum brass |
| CN1623703A (en) * | 2003-12-01 | 2005-06-08 | 上海汽车股份有限公司 | Technology for forging ring gear of synchro device |
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2005
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1103340A (en) * | 1993-12-01 | 1995-06-07 | 洛阳铜加工厂研究所 | Method and apparatus for horizontal continuous casting of toothed ring tube of synchronizer |
| CN1092817A (en) * | 1994-01-29 | 1994-09-28 | 东南大学 | High-strength wear-resistant complex brass alloy and thermal treatment process thereof |
| CN1230230A (en) * | 1996-09-09 | 1999-09-29 | 东陶机器株式会社 | Copper alloy and method of mfg. same |
| CN1462814A (en) * | 2002-05-28 | 2003-12-24 | 中南大学 | Polycomponent wearable brass alloy and methods for forming tubular product |
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Owner name: CHINALCO LUOYANG COPPER CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: LUOYANG COPPER PROCESSING GROUP CO LTD Effective date: 20060317 |
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