CN100414292C - Metal magnetic memory detecting method of ferromagnetic material crack - Google Patents
Metal magnetic memory detecting method of ferromagnetic material crack Download PDFInfo
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- CN100414292C CN100414292C CNB2005101079399A CN200510107939A CN100414292C CN 100414292 C CN100414292 C CN 100414292C CN B2005101079399 A CNB2005101079399 A CN B2005101079399A CN 200510107939 A CN200510107939 A CN 200510107939A CN 100414292 C CN100414292 C CN 100414292C
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Abstract
The invention relates to measuring magnetic variables and metal magnetic memory detection method for ferromagnetic material crack. It uses stress concentration magnetic indicator to detect the object, processes noise removing and Fourier transformation for triple channel metal magnetic memory detecting signal to gain its amplitude value and phase, confirms crack position according to phase sudden change, takes out the amplitude value difference Deta between the maximum and minimum, the biggest difference delta Hp among the three amplitude values for the same sampling point in three channels, then the rate delta Hp/delta Lx of the two adjacent sampling points Hp difference absolute value and the distance, works out the ferromagnetic material crack quantification data according to the three values.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is the metal magnetic memory detecting method of the ferromagnetic material crack of ferromagnetic material crack Non-Destructive Testing.Relate to and measure magnetic variable and by means of the physical property analysis of material technical field of measuring material.
Background technology
As everyone knows, ferromagnetic material is to use metal material widest in area, that consumption is maximum.For safety and normal production run, we usually will be in the processing and manufacturing of important parts, the member in addition of the used ferromagnetic material of some visual plants, ferromagnetic material and machine, the device fabrication Non-Destructive Testing of carrying out the ferromagnetic material underbead crack in service after making.Extensively adopt the X ray Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement now, though can carrying out " perspective " to metal inside, it detects crackle, although but taked strict and heavy safeguard procedures still operating personnel to be had radioactivity injury and not high for the fine crack resolving power of metal inside, it is unable to do what one wishes often to seem.Russian experts in 1997 are used for the metal magnetic memory characteristic of ferromagnetic material the Non-Destructive Testing of ferromagnetic metal component, it can detect region of stress concentration and the concentrated degree of stress in the ferromagnetic component, can point out the hazardous location of crackle and germinating thereof, can be used for ferromagnetic component or welded structure inherent quality are carried out early diagnosis and prediction.It is a kind of technology that ferromagnetic material crack is accurately detected potentiality.But with regard to present technical merit, the feature that metal magnetic memory detecting method still can not characterize it physical quantity (ferromagnetic structure surface leakage magnetic field) is associated with the essential information of underbead crack or welding crack quantification, promptly also can't directly determine to cause size, locus and the orientation thereof of the concentrated crackle of stress.Therefore, under present condition, metal magnetic memory detection technology can only be used to seek the concentrated position of stress of ferromagnetic component inside, can not carry out quantitative check and analysis to defective or the welding crack that causes stress to concentrate.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to invent a kind of metal magnetic memory detecting method that can carry out the ferromagnetic material crack of detection by quantitative to tested ferromagnetic material crack.
The technical scheme that the present invention addresses this problem is that the metal magnetic memory pick-up unit one stress concentration magnetic indicator that utilization is extensively adopted now carries out the metal magnetic memory detection to tested ferromagnetic material or member earlier, carries out subsequent treatment on this basis again.Concrete is exactly the detection method of pressing the stress concentration magnetic indicator, open three passages and press the certain spacing sample detecting, range data between record metal magnetic memory detecting signal and the sampled point, the triple channel metal magnetic memory detecting signal that measures is carried out denoising Processing and Fourier transform earlier, elimination is attached to the high frequency noise signal on the low frequency magnetic memory curve, obtain the amplitude and the phase place of metal magnetic memory detecting signal, just can determine that by the sudden change of phase place tested ferromagnetic material or member have the position of flawless and crackle; After obtaining the amplitude of metal magnetic memory detecting signal, therefrom take out maximal value Hpmax, minimum value Hpmin and the difference Deta between them, take out the metal magnetic memory detecting signal amplitude H of three passages on same sampled point
P1, H
P2, H
P3Between three difference DELTA H
P12, Δ H
P23, Δ H
P13A middle maximum difference DELTA H
p, take out H between two neighbouring sample points again
pDistance than Δ H between the absolute value of difference and the sampled point
P/ Δ L
X, by Deta, Δ H
pWith Δ H
p/ Δ L
XCalculate the length X of crackle, degree of depth Y and angle Z.Wherein the denoising Processing to the triple channel metal magnetic memory detecting signal that measures is through adopting the filtering of nonlinear wavelet signal transformation noise-eliminating method wave filter metal magnetic memory detecting signal.Fourier transform to the triple channel metal magnetic memory detecting signal that measures is then finished by the Fourier transform software package.Noise-eliminating method here and Fourier transform are technology the most frequently used in the signal Processing.The maximal value of described metal magnetic memory detecting signal and the difference Deta of minimum value be tested ferromagnetic material or member all detect finish after, in detected all triple channel metal magnetic memory detecting signals, choose maximal value and the minimum value and their difference of amplitude.The maximum difference Δ H of each sense channel between same sampled point
pBe with three three metal magnetic memory detecting signal amplitude H that passage measured on each sampled point
P1, H
P2, H
P3The middle difference DELTA H that takes out between per two values
P12, Δ H
P23, Δ H
P13Reach maximum in these three a differences difference DELTA H
P, in the maximum difference of all sampled points, choose a maximum difference DELTA H again
pAnd H between described two sampled points
pDistance than Δ H between the absolute value of difference and the sampled point
p/ Δ L
XBe in three passage metal magnetic memory detecting signal amplitudes that each sampled point measured of two neighbouring sample points, to get its mean value earlier, the absolute value of the difference of two neighbouring sample point metal magnetic memory detecting signal amplitude mean values and from the have the records of distance by the log ratio of distance between two sampled points that wheel indicates of stress concentration magnetic indicator.Obtaining above-mentioned three value Deta, Δ H
p, Δ H
p/ Δ L
XThe back just can calculate length X, degree of depth Y and the angle Z of crackle.
The present invention calculates flaw size by above-mentioned three values and is based on a large amount of research, experimental results show that: three values of this of metal magnetic memory detecting signal are the essential characteristic that characterize ferromagnetic material or component inside crack stress feature.Wherein the variation of Deta value is directly proportional with the STRESS VARIATION of cracks, and it is the essential characteristic that can describe the metal magnetic memory detecting signal of crackle; Δ H
p/ Δ L
XPhysical significance be stray field H
pAlong the detection side to rate of change, crackle is not only represented to have in the position that this value is big, and has characterized the length X of crackle; Δ H
pBe describe along the detection side to vertical direction on H
pThe value of distribution situation, the inharmonious phenomenon that the metal magnetic memory detecting signal that detects on three passages of stress concentration magnetic indicator occurs also not only can represent to have crackle, and can characterize the degree of depth Y and the angle Z of crackle.According to research, experiment and by quadratic orthogonal rotating test, obtain the length X of above-mentioned three eigenwerts and crackle, the relational expression of degree of depth Y, angle Z is:
ΔH
p/ΔL
X＝6.46+0.78X+0.31Z-0.03XZ^2-0.002Z^2
ΔH
P＝12.32+0.25X+0.40Z-0.01X^2-0.004Z^2
Deta＝77.67+0.47X-0.37Y-0.04XY+0.05Y^2
As long as will measure Δ H
p/ Δ L
X, Δ H
pJust can calculate three size X, Y, the Z of crackle with three value substitutions of Deta above-mentioned relation formula.Wherein the length X of crackle, degree of depth Y and angle Z are three separate geometrical characteristic parameters in engineering, and any crackle all is their mutual combination.Length X be crackle the detection side to horizontal direction on size; Degree of depth Y be crackle the detection side to vertical direction on size; Angle Z be crackle the detection side to horizontal direction on the detection side to the angle of vertical plane.
Embodiment
Embodiment. with this example the specific embodiment of the present invention is described.This example is the example that the pipeline welding seam is carried out crack detection at national pipeline welding center.Get one section two pipeline section Φ 508mm pipe to welding, (concrete grammar is with line cutting preparation crackle to an artificial in welded joints crackle, crackle is carried out slugging, stress relief annealing, jam welding), carrying out three-channel metal magnetic memory with the TSC-1M-4 type stress concentration magnetic indicator of Russian power diagnosis company exploitation along weld seam detects, adopt the wave filter of non-linear small-signal conversion noise-eliminating method before detecting in the output termination one of this indicator, the PC of Fourier transform software package is arranged in the detection data that the output of wave filter will be stored with serial line interface RS-232 are sent to again.During detection every sampled point of 1mm, totally 160 sampled points.Can find out sudden change is arranged on the phase diagram of the metal magnetic memory detecting signal behind the Fourier transform in the cracks phase place of the system of giving.The difference Deta that determines maximal value and minimum value from the amplitude of metal magnetic memory detecting signal is 79.2A/m; The maximum difference Δ H of each sense channel on same sampled point
pBe 30A/m; H between two neighbouring sample points
pThe difference absolute value and sampled point between distance than Δ H
p/ Δ L
XBe 14 (A/m)/mm.With this three values substitution relational expression
ΔH
p/ΔL
X＝6.64+0.78X+0.31Z-0.03X^2-0.002Z^2
ΔH
p＝12.32+0.25X+0.40Z-0.01X^2-0.004Z^2
Deta＝77.67+0.47X-0.37Y-0.04XY+0.05Y^2
Draw X=7mm, Y=4mm, Z=18 °, conform to the data of precrack, and the accuracy height.In fact, determine and the last calculating of above-mentioned three values can be programmed easily and fast be finished by PC, detect not time-consuming.
As seen, this method only utilize existing metal magnetic memory checkout equipment do after basic the detection again through simple handle and calculate just can make things convenient for, not have and send the quantitative data that has that it's too late of Lou determining detected ferromagnetic component crackle, for the Non-Destructive Testing of ferromagnetic component crackle provides a kind of reliable means.
Claims (5)
1. the metal magnetic memory detecting method of the ferromagnetic material crack of a ferromagnetic material crack Non-Destructive Testing, comprise that with the stress concentration magnetic indicator tested ferromagnetic material being carried out metal magnetic memory detects, it is characterized in that the triple channel metal magnetic memory detecting signal that the stress concentration magnetic indicator is measured carries out denoising Processing and Fourier transform earlier, obtain the amplitude and the phase place of metal magnetic memory detecting signal, determine the position of crackle by the sudden change of phase place; Tested ferromagnetic material or member all detect finish after, from the amplitude of the whole metal magnetic memory detecting signals of detected all triple channel, take out maximal value Hpmax, minimum value Hpmin and the difference Deta between them, take out the metal magnetic memory detecting signal amplitude Hp1 of three passages on same sampled point, Hp2, a difference DELTA Hp of maximum in three differences between the Hp3, take out the absolute value of Hp difference between two neighbouring sample points and the ratio Δ Hp/ Δ Lx of the distance between the sampled point again, by Deta, Δ Hp and Δ Hp/ Δ Lx calculate the length X of crackle, degree of depth Y and angle Z.
2. the metal magnetic memory detecting method of ferromagnetic material crack according to claim 1 is characterized in that described the metal magnetic memory detecting signal that measures is carried out denoising Processing is the filtering of the wave filter of metal magnetic memory detecting signal through adopting nonlinear wavelet signal transformation noise-eliminating method.
3. the metal magnetic memory detecting method of ferromagnetic material crack according to claim 1, the Fourier transform that it is characterized in that described metal magnetic memory detecting signal is that metal magnetic memory detecting signal is carried out conversion via the Fourier transform software package.
4. the metal magnetic memory detecting method of ferromagnetic material crack according to claim 1, it is characterized in that maximum difference Δ Hp between the same sampled point of described each sense channel is a maximum difference DELTA Hp in difference DELTA HP12, Δ HP23, Δ HP13 and this three differences of will take out among three three metal magnetic memory detecting signal amplitude Hp3 that passage measured, Hp2, the Hp1 on each sampled point between per two values, gets a maximum difference DELTA Hp again in the maximum difference of all sampled points.
5. the metal magnetic memory detecting method of ferromagnetic material crack according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the absolute value of Hp difference between described two neighbouring sample points and the ratio Δ Hp/ Δ Lx of the distance between the sampled point get its mean value earlier in three passage metal magnetic memory detecting signal amplitudes that each sampled point measured of two neighbouring sample points, the ratio of the distance between the absolute value of the difference of two neighbouring sample point metal magnetic memory detecting signal amplitude mean values and two sampled points of indicating from the wheel of having the records of distance by the log of stress concentration magnetic indicator.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102445492A (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2012-05-09 | 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 | Portable synchronous acquisition device for crankshaft chamfer position metal magnetic memory signal |
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| CN101393167B (en) * | 2008-10-21 | 2011-05-11 | 中国航空工业第一集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | Low-cycle fatigue damage quantitatively characterizing method based on metal magnetic memory detection technology |
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| CN102539518A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2012-07-04 | 北京理工大学 | Magnetism in-situ detection method for metal cracking expansion under condition of variable magnetic excitation |
| CN103063124B (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2015-11-25 | 北方民族大学 | A kind of detection method of austenitic stainless steel amount of plastic deformation |
| CN104777218A (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2015-07-15 | 天津大学 | Method for determining ferromagnetic material crack generation by metal magnetic memory detection technology |
| CN105203629B (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2018-11-02 | 三峡大学 | A kind of magnetic detection method of magnetic metal member surface stress concentration zones and micro-crack |
| CN106546396B (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2019-01-25 | 中国航空综合技术研究所 | A kind of reconstructing method for crack propagation size in ferrimagnet |
| CN108802172A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-11-13 | 烟台大学 | The method and system of inner defect depth in a kind of determining magnetic material |
| CN110702778A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2020-01-17 | 沈阳工业大学 | Oil-gas pipeline surface crack defect safety assessment method based on weak magnetic method |
| WO2023049975A1 (en) | 2021-10-01 | 2023-04-06 | Pipeway Engenharia Ltda | Internal duct integrity inspection equipment using magnetic metal memory |
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Effective date of registration: 20170307 Address after: 100007 Beijing, Dongzhimen, North Street, No. 9, No. Patentee after: China National Petroleum Corporation Patentee after: China Petroleum Pipeline Bureau Engineering Co., Ltd. Address before: 100724 Beijing, Xicheng District, shop No. 6 Kang Street, No. six Patentee before: China National Petroleum Corporation Patentee before: China Petroleum and Natural Gas Pipeline Bureau |