CN104237390A - Measurement method for zero point calibration and K value of axle transverse wave angle beam probe - Google Patents
Measurement method for zero point calibration and K value of axle transverse wave angle beam probe Download PDFInfo
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- CN104237390A CN104237390A CN201310226710.1A CN201310226710A CN104237390A CN 104237390 A CN104237390 A CN 104237390A CN 201310226710 A CN201310226710 A CN 201310226710A CN 104237390 A CN104237390 A CN 104237390A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a measurement method for zero point calibration and a K value of an axle transverse wave angle beam probe, and mainly solves the problem that the fatigue crack positioning of a press fitting part is large in error in the process that the vehicle axle of a conventional railway vehicle is subjected to ultrasonic transverse wave detection. The method includes a linear-cutting manual groove with the depth of 1 mm and on an A face of a TZS-R test block is used as a target reflector to determine a zero point and a front distance value of the axle angle beam probe, and is characterized in that the axle angle beam probe is directly arranged on a same-type vehicle axle real object to contrast an axle body or an axle neck of the test block so as to measure the K value, the linear-cutting manual groove with the depth of 1 mm on the test block and as the target reflector is compared with the vehicle axle real object, the wave amplitude of a best reflection echo is adjusted to 80% of the fluorescent screen vertical full amplitude, a probe nominal K value, a target reflector diameter and a reflector center depth are respectively inputted into an ultrasonic flaw detector, and the K value of the probe is automatically calculated by the ultrasonic flaw detector. The method can accurately find out the position of a largest reflected wave of a circumferential crack, and effectively improves the detection efficiency and flaw positioning precision in the ultrasonic transverse wave detection of the vehicle axle.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ultrasonic detecting technology field, be specifically related to a kind of measuring method for axle transverse wave double-bevel detector zero point correction used during rolling stock ultrasonic flaw detection of car axle and K value.
Background technology
The defect detection on ultrasonic basis that the rolling stock axletree portion of being bumped into commonly uses comprises small angle longitudinal wave defectoscopy and shear wave detection method.Because shear wave detection method has higher detection sensitivity, thus each locomotive overhaul producer in, overhaul wheel pair time mainly adopt shear wave detect axletree be bumped into portion, to detect fatigue crack timely and effectively.Because digital ultrasonic flaw detector has stronger data-handling capacity compared with analog defectoscope, subsidiary function of more detecting a flaw can be realized, be conducive to the location to defect, quantitatively and character judge soundly, therefore existing many employing digital ultrasonic flaw detector Ultrasonic Detection axletrees, and conventional wafer size is the axle transverse wave double-bevel detector of 13mm × 13mm, but practice shows in the past, the positioning error for crackle is usually larger, mean level range deviation 6mm ~ more than 10mm.Shear wave needs some performance parameters first measuring angle probe and workpiece itself before detecting, and wherein mainly comprises the zero point of probe, forward position value, K value and the workpiece velocity of sound, and these important parameters all directly can affect the precision that in the process of flaw detection in the future, defect location is quantitative.
At present, the measuring method of calibration of axes transverse wave double-bevel detector zero point, forward position and K value mainly contains two kinds.
Method one as shown in Figure 1, selects R50, R100 arc surface in CSK-IA test block 1 to measure the velocity of sound and forward position value at zero point of angle probe 2.Measure K value is generally less than or equal to 1.5 probe with the φ 50mm hole 3 in CSK-IA test block or φ 1.5mm hole 4, K value, detecting diameter by the mode shown in Fig. 2 is 50mm circular hole 3; The probe of K value between 1.5 and 2.5, detecting diameter by the mode shown in Fig. 3 is 50mm circular hole 3; The probe that K value is greater than 2.5, then detect by the mode shown in Fig. 4 the circular hole 4 that diameter is 1.5mm.This method is best suited for plane angle probe, and the wedge surface of contact of axle angle probe all reconditioning be and the concave surface that matches of axletree surface, so axle angle probe is placed in zero point measured in CSK-IA test block, forward position value and K value to there is certain deviation.
Method two first the scale mode of digital ultrasonic flaw detector is set to " degree of depth ", and the preset workpiece velocity of sound is 3230m/s.Manual adjustments angle probe zero point and K pH-value determination pH are all with the Linear cut artificial slot 6 that the degree of depth on the A face of TZS-R test block 5 is 1mm, artificial slot 6 is object reflector apart from 60mm place, R face, as shown in Figure 5, angle probe 2 is moved on TZS-R test block R face, the degree of depth on A face is made to be that the most high reverse--bias echo of the Linear cut artificial slot 6 of 1mm appears at Bo Mennei and wave height 80%, conditioning instrumentation is correlated with zero point, makes the degree of depth reading value of the maximum echo of artificial slot 6 be 60mm, now namely mixes up zero point.Measure the horizontal range X of test block A face to probe 2 front end face simultaneously, calculate Front distance value L by 60K-X, and be input in the parameter hurdle of instrument.Then select the related key of test probe K value, respectively the nominal K value of probe, object reflector diameter (1mm), reflecting body central depths (60mm) are inputted ultra-sonic defect detector, calculate probe K value by instrument.Adopt zero point of manual calibration axle angle probe in this way and forward position value is comparatively accurate, but due to the impact of sound path, actual measurement K value is bigger than normal.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly provide for above-mentioned weak point during a kind of flaw detection work to be easy to operation, can reduce the defect location error in flaw detection process, effectively improves the axle transverse wave double-bevel detector zero point correction of defect location quantitative accuracy and the measuring method of K value.
The technical solution that the present invention really points out is: the measuring method of axle transverse wave double-bevel detector zero point correction and K value, comprise the degree of depth is 1mm on the A face of TZS-R test block Linear cut artificial slot as object reflector to measure zero point and the forward position value of axle angle probe, it is characterized in that: axle angle probe 2 is directly placed in the axle body in the axletree reference block in kind of identical type or axle journal place measurement K value, the Linear cut artificial slot that the degree of depth is 1mm in axletree reference block in kind is as object reflector, and its best reflection echo wave amplitude is adjusted to video screen vertically completely width 80%, respectively by the nominal K value of probe, object reflector diameter, reflecting body central depths input ultra-sonic defect detector calculates probe K value automatically.
For the measurement mechanism that the axle described in the technology of the present invention solution is measured with transverse wave double-bevel detector calibration and K value, comprise ultra-sonic defect detector, probe and test block, it is characterized in that: be made up of test block and axletree reference block in kind two test blocks, two axial end of axletree reference block in kind are respectively equipped with a centre hole and three bolts hole, axletree in axletree reference block in kind is bumped into medial and lateral, portion and is equipped with and is widely less than 0.2mm, and the degree of depth is respectively the Linear cut artificial slot of 1mm, 2mm, 4mm.
The present invention is the K value directly measuring axle angle probe in axletree reference block in kind, and the K value measured value measured by the Linear cut artificial slot degree of depth being 1mm with the press-fit portion degree of depth in axletree test block in kind is as the criterion.This scheme is one the most effective K value correction method, and can adjustment good axletree detection with transversal waves sensitivity rapidly, and is applicable to the axle angle probe of different chips size, and test findings shows that defect location error is little.When selecting to possess the digital ultrasonic flaw detector of automatic test probe K value function, object reflector diameter is set to 1mm, and according to test surface position, namely axle body or axle journal place and 1/2nd of press-fit portion two diameter of axle size sums determine the reflecting body central depths that inputs required by instrument.When use do not possess the digital super spy instrument of automatic test probe K value function time, by manual measurement with calculate and survey K value, then direct K value to be input in the parameter hurdle of instrument.The present invention is easy and simple to handle, more adequately can find the maximum reflection ripple position of circumferential crack, effectively improves the detection efficiency in the testing of axletree ultrasonic shear waves and defect location precision.The measurement of axle transverse wave double-bevel detector zero point correction used and K value when the present invention is mainly used in rolling stock ultrasonic flaw detection of car axle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the method schematic diagram that known R50, R100 arc surface in CSK-IA test block measures the angle probe velocity of sound at zero point and forward position value.
Fig. 2 is the angle probe K pH-value determination pH schematic diagram that known K value is less than or equal to 1.5.
Fig. 3 is the angle probe K pH-value determination pH schematic diagram of known K value between 1.5 and 2.5.
Fig. 4 is the angle probe K pH-value determination pH schematic diagram that known K value is greater than 2.5.
Fig. 5 is the instrumentation plan of known calibration of axes transverse wave double-bevel detector zero point, forward position and K value in TZS-R test block.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that axis transverse wave double-bevel detector K value of the present invention is measured.
In figure, 1 is CSK-IA test block; 2 is angle probes; 3 is the φ 50mm holes in CSK-IA test block; 4 is the φ 1.5mm holes in CSK-IA test block; 5 is TZS-R test blocks; 6 is that on TZS-R test block A face, the degree of depth is the Linear cut artificial slot of 1mm; 7 is axletree reference blocks in kind; 8 is axle body places; 9 is axle journal places; 10 is that in axletree reference block in kind, the degree of depth is the Linear cut artificial slot of 1mm; 11 is axletree press-fit portion.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Measuring method of the present invention:
Use calibration of axes transverse wave double-bevel detector of the present invention zero point, forward position and K value.
Instrument: PXUT-350C type all-digital intelligent ultrasonic flaw detector that Nantong You Lian company produces;
Probe: 2.5P13 × 13K1 and each one of 2.5P22 × 25K1 axle angle probe;
Test block: TZS-110 test block, the reference block in kind of DF4B type locomotive semiaxis.
Concrete grammar is as follows: the scale mode of digital ultrasonic flaw detector changed into " degree of depth ", and pre-entered the transverse wave velocity 3230m/s of plain carbon steel, manual adjustments axle angle probe zero point and K pH-value determination pH all with the Linear cut artificial slot 6 that is 1mm of the degree of depth on the A face of TZS-110 test block 5 for object reflector, as shown in Figure 5, angle probe 2 is moved on the R face of TZS-110 test block 5, the degree of depth on A face is made to be that the most high reverse--bias echo of the Linear cut artificial slot 6 of 1mm appears at the screen Bo Mennei of ultra-sonic defect detector and wave height 80%, ultra-sonic defect detector is regulated to be correlated with zero point, the degree of depth reading value of the maximum echo of artificial slot 6 is made to be 60mm, now namely mix up zero point.Measure the horizontal range X of test block A face to probe 2 front end face simultaneously, calculate Front distance value L by 60K-X, and be input in the parameter hurdle of ultra-sonic defect detector.Then axle angle probe 2 is placed in axle body 8 place of the DF4B type locomotive semiaxis long wheel seat side of reference block 7 in kind, regulate related key and the parameter of ultra-sonic defect detector, detect inside long wheel seat, namely the degree of depth of distance axial end 640mm is the Linear cut artificial slot 10 of 1mm, and its best reflection echo wave amplitude is adjusted to video screen vertically completely width 80%, select the related key of test probe K value, respectively by the nominal K value (1) of probe, object reflector diameter (1mm), reflecting body central depths (223mm) is input to ultra-sonic defect detector, automatically shaft angle probe K value is calculated by digital ultrasonic flaw detector.Test result is in table 1.
Table 1 test result of the present invention
Note: in order to reduce the artificial error measured, above each test data is the mean value of 3 tests.
Embodiment 2
The contrast test of defect location error:
Use No. 1 and No. 2 probes, employing method one, method two and the inventive method shear wave have detected the 1mm artificial slot of 650-1 and 530-1 two Linear cut in the test block in kind of DF8B type locomotive monolithic wheel axletree respectively, the contrast verification defect location precision of above-mentioned three kinds of methods.In order to control the accidental error tested, each data is 3 testing means of two Linear cut artificial slots, and be accurate to ± 0.1mm with the deviation average of real standard distance, test result is in table 2.
The error contrast of the ARTIFICIAL CRACK horizontal range measured by table 2 three kinds of methods
Data from table 2, use the present invention more adequately can find the maximum reflection ripple position of circumferential crack, effectively improve the detection efficiency in the testing of axletree ultrasonic shear waves and defect location precision, therefore in the detection with transversal waves process of rolling stock axletree, there is practicality and feasibility.
Claims (2)
1. the axle measuring method of transverse wave double-bevel detector zero point correction and K value, comprise Linear cut artificial slot (6) that the degree of depth on the A face of TZS-R test block 5 is 1mm as object reflector to measure zero point and the forward position value of axle angle probe (2), it is characterized in that: axle angle probe (2) is directly placed in the axle body (8) on the axletree reference block (7) in kind of identical type or axle journal (9) place measurement K value, on axletree reference block (7) in kind, the degree of depth is that the Linear cut artificial slot (10) of 1mm is as object reflector, and its best reflection echo wave amplitude is adjusted to video screen vertically completely width 80%, respectively by the nominal K value of probe, object reflector diameter, reflecting body central depths ultra-sonic defect detector calculates probe K value automatically.
2. for the measurement mechanism that axle transverse wave double-bevel detector according to claim 1 is calibrated and K value is measured, comprise ultra-sonic defect detector, probe (2) and test block (5), it is characterized in that: be made up of test block (5) and axletree reference block in kind (7) two test blocks, two axial end of axletree reference block (7) in kind are respectively equipped with a centre hole and three bolts hole, axletree on axletree reference block in kind (7) is bumped into portion (11) medial and lateral and is equipped with and is widely less than 0.2mm, and the degree of depth is respectively the Linear cut artificial slot (10) of 1mm, 2mm, 4mm.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107271561A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-10-20 | 北京双河理声自动化检测技术有限公司 | A kind of B ultrasound imaging method that axle journal is detected from railroad car axle axle body |
| CN109444269A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-08 | 天津诚信达金属检测技术有限公司 | Reference block for detecting bolt by ultrasonic phased array and use method |
| CN109884185A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-06-14 | 南通友联数码技术开发有限公司 | Take turns shaft detection special-purpose ultrasonic head angle Auto-Test System and test method |
| CN109975429A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-05 | 核动力运行研究所 | A kind of automatic calibration device for ultrasonic examination system |
| CN113916992A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-11 | 吴学成 | Time base line quick correction auxiliary device and correction method for A-type ultrasonic flaw detector |
| CN113984906A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2022-01-28 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | Test block and phased array detection device calibration method |
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- 2013-06-07 CN CN201310226710.1A patent/CN104237390A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107271561A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-10-20 | 北京双河理声自动化检测技术有限公司 | A kind of B ultrasound imaging method that axle journal is detected from railroad car axle axle body |
| CN109975429A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-05 | 核动力运行研究所 | A kind of automatic calibration device for ultrasonic examination system |
| CN109444269A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-08 | 天津诚信达金属检测技术有限公司 | Reference block for detecting bolt by ultrasonic phased array and use method |
| CN109444269B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2024-01-23 | 天津诚信达金属检测技术有限公司 | Contrast test block for ultrasonic phased array detection bolt and use method |
| CN109884185A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-06-14 | 南通友联数码技术开发有限公司 | Take turns shaft detection special-purpose ultrasonic head angle Auto-Test System and test method |
| CN109884185B (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2021-09-28 | 南通友联数码技术开发有限公司 | Automatic testing system and testing method for angle of special ultrasonic probe for wheel axle detection |
| CN113984906A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2022-01-28 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | Test block and phased array detection device calibration method |
| CN113984906B (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2024-05-14 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | Test block and calibration method of phased array detection device |
| CN113916992A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-11 | 吴学成 | Time base line quick correction auxiliary device and correction method for A-type ultrasonic flaw detector |
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Application publication date: 20141224 |