CN100406592C - 一种获取纯铜的方法 - Google Patents

一种获取纯铜的方法 Download PDF

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CN100406592C
CN100406592C CNB2005101315264A CN200510131526A CN100406592C CN 100406592 C CN100406592 C CN 100406592C CN B2005101315264 A CNB2005101315264 A CN B2005101315264A CN 200510131526 A CN200510131526 A CN 200510131526A CN 100406592 C CN100406592 C CN 100406592C
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copper
splash protection
waste heat
heat boiler
water
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CN1782107A (zh
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H·卡沙布
M·布兰克
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Oschatz GmbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/22Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
    • F27B3/225Oxygen blowing
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B15/00Obtaining copper
    • C22B15/0026Pyrometallurgy
    • C22B15/0028Smelting or converting
    • C22B15/003Bath smelting or converting
    • C22B15/0045Bath smelting or converting in muffles, crucibles, or closed vessels
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B15/00Obtaining copper
    • C22B15/0026Pyrometallurgy
    • C22B15/006Pyrometallurgy working up of molten copper, e.g. refining
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种获取纯铜的方法,将氧气吹入到熔炉内的铜熔体中,熔炉有耐火炉衬和置于顶部的废热锅炉,以氧化熔体中所含有的杂质并且其结果是将它们从铜熔体中去除,并且在熔炉内壁上的铜熔体的上方提供一个喷溅保护设备,水在其中流过,该设备可以防止从铜熔池中溅出的铜渗入废热锅炉。根据本发明,沸水用于冷却喷溅保护设备,且施加于水的压力必须超过5巴,并且当水流经该喷溅保护设备时,至少部分被蒸发。

Description

一种获取纯铜的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种获取纯铜的方法,
将氧气吹入到熔炉内的铜熔体中,该熔炉有耐火炉衬和置于顶部的废热锅炉,以氧化熔体中所含的杂质并且其结果是将它们从铜熔体中去除,并且
在熔炉内壁上铜熔体的上方提供一个喷溅保护设备,水在其中流过,该设备可以防止从铜熔体中溅出的铜渗入废热锅炉。
背景技术
具有上述特征的方法在实践中是公知的。通常被称作所谓的喷溅挡块并且通常由铜构成的喷溅保护设备是必需的,因为通过喷枪与氧气共同输入到熔体中的水分以例如爆炸的形式蒸发,同时夹带液态铜冲向上方。该喷溅挡块固定在熔炉内壁上的废热锅炉的下方,以阻止熔体的液滴进入废热锅炉并防止在废热锅炉内部形成凝固铜的沉积物。在已知措施的结构中,喷溅挡块具有由铜构成的管道以传送没有经过预热的冷却水,该管道被铸入铜块中。这种连接的问题包括以下事实:虽然通过冷的冷却水可以有效阻止铜块的熔化,但是由于铜熔体中含有硫,因此在铜块上产生侵蚀腐蚀,因此仅仅在几个月后,就需要更换铜块。另一个问题包括的事实是,在由于腐蚀现象导致喷溅块上有裂纹的情况下,冷的冷却水渗入铜熔体中,在那里以爆炸的形式蒸发,并因此导致废热锅炉上由从该熔体中喷出的凝固铜形成的大量涂层。
在DE10047555A1中,描述了一种用于冶金熔炉的炉盖,该炉盖上具有冷水从中通过的冷却槽。此外,从德国公开文本D13484 V1/18b可知,沸水可用于冷却烟囱壁并利用蒸发焓实现冷却的目的。水沿着在长的垂直管中的烟囱壁缓慢的穿过。被烟囱极大的高度所激励,在立管内出现快速的水循环,可以有效地冷却烟囱壁。在该公开文本中所描述的方法对上述问题的解决没有贡献。
发明内容
本申请基于提出具有上述特征的方法的任务,该方法能确保延长该喷溅保护设备的使用寿命。
根据本发明,通过利用沸水冷却该喷溅保护设备来完成该任务,其中施加于水的压力超过5巴,并且当水流过该喷溅保护设备时,可达到沸腾温度。本发明基于以下发现:侵蚀性腐蚀速率随喷溅保护设备温度的提高而降低,以及在实践中尤其是温度高于200℃时的相关的侵蚀性腐蚀不再明显。根据本发明的一个优选实施方式,相应于约为212℃的沸腾温度,沸水压力超过20巴。然而,在一定的环境下,仅沸水压力超过5巴或超过10巴就足够确保获得令人满意的使用寿命。适当地,当水进入喷溅保护设备时,已经接近沸点。其优点在于:在喷溅保护设备中有裂缝或其他渗漏点时,冷水不会渗入到铜熔体中,因为当其进入熔炉气体中时,沸水立刻蒸发了。
在另一个实施方式中,本发明教导了沸水在进入和返回管线处与废热锅炉的冷却水相连接。结果是,有可能方便地利用含有废热锅炉的锅炉装置中的现有的重复循环泵以传送流经喷溅保护设备的水。此外,也可以将水经过喷溅保护设备时产生的蒸汽送到锅炉装置的热回收设备。
该喷溅保护设备恰当地具有管道,沸水在该管道中流过,并且该管道嵌入铜块中以用于喷溅保护。该管道可以由钢组成,优选为合盒钢从而能承受更高的压力。也可以设想喷溅保护设备具有外部套有捣打料如耐火粘土或类似物的钢管。
附图说明
下面,通过一幅表示一个实施例的图对本发明进行详细的描述。以下以图解说明:
图1是用于实施根据本发明方法的装置侧视图,其为剖视图的形式,以及
图2是图1的A-A剖面图
具体实施方式
图1表示了用于获取纯铜的装置的剖面图。该设备具有熔炉2,熔炉2具有耐火炉衬和在侧向位移位置上置于顶部的废热锅炉3。通过喷枪4将氧气或空气吹入熔炉内的铜熔体5中以氧化熔体5中所含的杂质并以这种方式将其从熔体5中去除。此时,固体氧化产物通常作为渣存留于铜熔体5的表面,气体氧化产物通过废热锅炉3从熔炉2中排出。铜熔体5的温度约为1300℃,在废热锅炉3中形成的废气被冷却到约700℃。以骤冷形式(未示出)冷却的进一步冷却设备在下游连接在废热锅炉3,该冷却设备将废气冷却到约350℃。在铜熔体5的上方,在熔炉2的内壁上固定有喷溅保护设备6,该设备是防止从铜熔体5中喷溅出来的铜渗入到废热锅炉3中。为冷却喷溅保护设备6,采用加压的沸水,该沸水流经该喷溅保护设备。沸水是指在大于5巴的压力下,当流经喷溅保护设备时达到沸腾温度并部分蒸发的水。在实施例中,沸水压力是40巴,其相应的沸腾温度是约250℃。水以低于沸点的温度进入喷溅保护设备6并当其流经喷溅保护设备时达到沸腾温度。
该喷溅保护设备6与废热锅炉3的冷却水回路7相连接。离开喷溅保护设备6的沸水/蒸汽的混合物被送入配置给废热锅炉的热回收设备8。
图2表示了喷溅保护设备6具有管道9,沸水在管道9中流过,该管道被铸入铜块10中用于喷溅保护。该管道由合金钢组成。为了测定铜块10的温度,还具有孔11来搁置温度传感器12。

Claims (6)

1.一种获取纯铜的方法,
将氧气吹入到熔炉内的铜熔体中,该熔炉具有耐火炉衬和置于顶部的废热锅炉,以氧化熔体中所含的杂质并且其结果是将它们从铜熔体中去除,并且
在熔炉内壁上铜熔体的上方提供一个喷溅保护设备,水在该设备中流过,该设备可以防止从铜熔体中溅出的铜渗入废热锅炉,
其特征在于:使用沸水冷却喷溅保护设备,当流经该喷溅保护设备时,该水承受大于5巴的压力并且至少部分被蒸发。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:沸水压力大于20巴。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于:沸水在进入和返回管线中与废热锅炉的冷却水回路相连接。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:喷溅保护设备具有管道,沸水在该管道中流过,并且该管道被铸入铜块中以用于喷溅保护。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于:该管道由钢组成。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于:所述钢为合金钢。
CNB2005101315264A 2004-10-09 2005-10-09 一种获取纯铜的方法 Active CN100406592C (zh)

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DE102004049234A DE102004049234B4 (de) 2004-10-09 2004-10-09 Verfahren zur Gewinnung von reinem Kupfer
DE102004049234.4 2004-10-09

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AU (1) AU2005220180B2 (zh)
BE (1) BE1017419A3 (zh)
CA (1) CA2522235C (zh)
DE (1) DE102004049234B4 (zh)
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PE (1) PE20060786A1 (zh)

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DE102014112570A1 (de) * 2014-09-01 2016-03-03 Oschatz Gmbh Isasmelt-Ofen mit Natur- und Zwangsumlauf

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US5320662A (en) * 1990-11-20 1994-06-14 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Process for continuous copper smelting
CN1133347A (zh) * 1995-04-12 1996-10-16 鞍山钢铁公司 铜液新型精炼剂及制备方法
CN2528780Y (zh) * 2001-11-02 2003-01-01 长沙铜铝材有限公司 一种铜熔炼真空除氧装置

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DE13484C (de) E. SEELIG in Heilbronn Maschine zur Bereitung von Mehlspatzen
US1400892A (en) * 1918-04-05 1921-12-20 Nichols Copper Co Process and apparatus for refining copper
US1863419A (en) * 1930-12-30 1932-06-14 Walter O Snelling Refining of copper
GB1003026A (en) * 1963-02-21 1965-09-02 Farnsfield Ltd Continuous production of furnace products
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DE4126237A1 (de) * 1991-08-08 1993-03-04 Radex Heraklith Vorgefertigtes einbauelement fuer elektro-lichtbogenoefen und zugehoeriger elektro-lichtbogenofen
EP0784193B1 (en) * 1995-08-08 2002-07-03 Nippon Sanso Corporation Metal fusion furnace and metal fusing method
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GB9922542D0 (en) * 1999-09-24 1999-11-24 Rhs Paneltech Ltd Metallurgical ladle/furnace roof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5320662A (en) * 1990-11-20 1994-06-14 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Process for continuous copper smelting
CN1133347A (zh) * 1995-04-12 1996-10-16 鞍山钢铁公司 铜液新型精炼剂及制备方法
CN2528780Y (zh) * 2001-11-02 2003-01-01 长沙铜铝材有限公司 一种铜熔炼真空除氧装置

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MXPA05010847A (es) 2006-04-17
DE102004049234B4 (de) 2011-06-09
DE102004049234A1 (de) 2006-04-13
PE20060786A1 (es) 2006-09-21
CA2522235C (en) 2012-09-18
AU2005220180A1 (en) 2006-04-27
CA2522235A1 (en) 2006-04-09
US20060086206A1 (en) 2006-04-27
CN1782107A (zh) 2006-06-07
BE1017419A3 (de) 2008-09-02
US7625423B2 (en) 2009-12-01

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