CN100406237C - 用于密封板的方法 - Google Patents

用于密封板的方法 Download PDF

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CN100406237C
CN100406237C CNB01810018XA CN01810018A CN100406237C CN 100406237 C CN100406237 C CN 100406237C CN B01810018X A CNB01810018X A CN B01810018XA CN 01810018 A CN01810018 A CN 01810018A CN 100406237 C CN100406237 C CN 100406237C
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plate
accordance
ultrasonic probe
limit
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CN1659011A (zh
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L·托里尔尼
M·埃施利曼
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Woodwelding AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

本发明提供一种用于密封板(11)的方法，所述板由多孔材料构成并且具有不平的边，该方法包括：提供包含热塑性材料的密封带；提供对应于所述板的不平的边的超声波探头(24)；将所述密封带安置在所述板的不平的边上；将所述超声波探头压在已安置于所述板的不平的边上的所述密封带上；通过所述超声波探头对所述密封带施加机械激发，从而熔化所述密封带；按照所述超声波探头在安置于所述板的不平的边上的所述密封带的上方经过的方式，使所述超声波探头相对所述板移动。

Description

用于密封板的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及用于密封板的方法。
背景技术
现有技术公开了表面密封的各种方法。这些方法以通过油漆或者通过粘贴保护层为基础。这些方法的缺点是，特别是薄板、镶木地板和木纤维板的边和角没有达到足够的密封性。例如，在相应处理的镶木地板中由此存在的问题是，在易碰撞的边缘，特别是侧面或窄面上会受潮，导致材料膨胀。因此，这些已知方法花费高，不灵活，并要求复杂的设备。
发明内容
这里公开的本发明的目的，是提供一种避免这些问题的方法。
为此，本发明提供一种用于密封板的方法，所述板由多孔材料构成并且具有不平的边，该方法包括以下步骤：提供包含热塑性材料的密封带；提供对应于所述板的不平的边的超声波探头；将所述密封带安置在所述板的不平的边上；将所述超声波探头压在已安置于所述板的不平的边上的所述密封带上；通过所述超声波探头对所述密封带施加机械激发，从而熔化所述密封带；按照所述超声波探头在安置于所述板的不平的边上的所述密封带的上方经过的方式，使所述超声波探头相对所述板移动。
这里公开的用于物体表面密封的方法的基础是，在物体表面上涂覆一薄层材料，并与该表面通过由于机械激发(借助于一压电元件)产生的热暂时熔化而结合。薄层材料例如是薄膜或带。该薄层材料通过局部暂时的熔化，与所要密封的部件(每次都是其表面)材料合理地结合，由此实现的坚固的保护层保证对潮湿和其它环境影响有足够的密封性。暂时熔化最好不采用加热的热源，而是通过由于机械激发，最好是通过振动产生的摩擦热进行。振动频率典型的是处于可听到的上端或者超声范围内。通过激发产生的摩擦热用于针对性地熔化材料。通过加压实现填充孔和空腔。由于很强的剪切作用，熔化的材料具有很低的粘度，以至于即使毛细空腔也被填充。此外，某种材料的渗入深度，可以借助于频率和振幅以及停留时间有针对性的进行调整。本方法可用于物体实际存在的所有表面。利用相应的布置，可以连续或分批地封闭很大的表面。本方法可固定地，但也可灵活地使用。借助于相应的设备，例如可以是大表面(例如体育馆的地面，各种类型的铺层等)。用于保护层的材料需要时可以具有装饰性元件，如图形或图像。例如采用彩色印刷薄膜对载板密封，可以产生真正的镶木地板的效果。装饰层也可以单独处理。没有必要将全部表面封闭。在某些情况下，可以采用这里所述的方法只处理关键性的部位。
本方法优选用于多孔的纤维状材料的表面密封，例如木材、薄木板、软木、纸板、纤维板，但也可以是水泥、黏土等。本方法也可用于金属和其它材料。此外，本发明的特征在于，它可进行连续处理。由于一般不要求溶剂，所以省去了漫长的干燥时间和昂贵的设备。本发明以一最好是热塑性材料的短时间的、局部有限的熔化为基础。优点是，由于非常短的熔化-和冷却时间，不存在明显的等待时间。此外，熔化的材料通过很短的处理时间得到非常妥善的处理。
表面状态可以通过加装多层薄膜进行调整。例如，带有装饰图案的第一层薄膜可与特别耐磨的另一薄膜结合。这种多层-工艺可以在一道或多道工序中进行。由于一般涉及到可热熔化材料，可以按时间间隔进行多层涂覆。即使功能性的边(插接-或榫连接)也可以经久不变地封闭。
依据本发明处理的表面，也可以事后通过重新机械激发例如彼此具有立体感。例如，适合于由多个单个板构成的并沿着某些侧面相互碰撞的地板镶层，借助于相应的装置这样激发，使边相互牢固结合。补充或选择也可以使用如胶粘剂类的其它粘合剂。
附图说明
下面，借助附图对本发明作详细说明。不言而喻，本发明的意义并不局限于所示的实施方式。其中：
图1示出依据本发明方法的总平面图，
图2示出图1的一个断面，
图3示出本方法在一榫槽上的应用。
具体实施方式
图1示出本发明的基本方法步骤。可以看出板10，11，12，它们的端面13，每个都是窄面，进行密封。板10，11，12借助于传送装置2在箭头P方向上经过处理装置1。传送装置2在这里由多个可围绕其轴转动的支承传送辊3和传送辊4构成，传送辊4与板10，11，12这样作用连接，使传送辊4保持这些板并经过处理装置1。传送装置2支承在图中没有详细示出的支架上，并通过一相应的传动装置(未详细示出)传动。作为传动装置，例如可以使用链式传动装置、电动机，或者液压传动装置。
图2示出图1的局部视图。可以看出处理扳11的处理装置1和传送辊3和传送辊4。上面缠有带21的备用卷轴20在这里作为存储器使用。带21通过第一个和第二个导向辊22，23放出，并在所要密封的表面13上定位。第二个导向辊23利用一定的力F1将带21压到板11的表面13上。导向辊22，23和传送辊20的运动相互重叠调整，将带21准确地输送到所要密封的表面13上，如果需要，处于一定的张力下。备用卷轴20和导向辊22，23可旋转围绕轴27，28，29旋转支承。处理装置1在这里固定置放，板11相对于它运动，通过导向装置3，4向箭头P方向传送。板11在第二个辊23下面经过之后，板11经过一与板11和带21作用连接的超声波探头24。带21通过暂时熔化与表面13结合。熔化优选通过机械激发这样进行，使带21和/或者表面13由于摩擦热局部熔化。通过箭头F2示出的压力，熔化的材料附加结合。超声波探头24这样构成，使它与所要处理的表面相对应，以至于特别是在环绕边30，31的范围内有效密封。超声波探头24在这里所介绍的实施方式中探出板11的边30，31。由此也可以对宽于板11厚度的带21进行处理，以至于密封超过表面13。可以是多层重叠。需要时可以使用具有另一种特性的振动头。谐振器24通过激发器25产生振动。激发振动优选借助于一连接在超声波探头24(Sonotrode)上的压电-元件(未示出)产生。根据应用领域，也可以使用其它的机械激发。在板11的一端，一切割装置26切断带21。切割装置26具有优点地这样构成，使它定位带21直至处理下一个板12(参照图1)。
图3示意表示对板11的进行成型榫槽35密封。榫槽35是一榫接或插接部件，用于板11与另一板(未详细示出)或者其它物体(未详细示出)的结合。配件通过一对应形成的材料构成(未详细示出)。它们的处理类似于这里所介绍的方法进行，因此不再赘述。
带21借助超声波探头24压向榫槽35的表面36。由于通过超声波探头24的振动产生的摩擦热，最好是热塑性的带21(具有相应涂层的等效材料同样可以)暂时熔化并压入表面36。这一过程通过图中箭头37示出。超声波探头24有针对性地压向榫槽35的表面36，从而帮助熔化的材料渗入。先将带21连续导入或嵌入榫槽35。借助于相应的手段，需要时定位，以避免不希望的移动。处理时，板11和超声波探头24之间的这种(相对的)运动，通过箭头38示出。超声波探头24在这里从榫槽35的头导入其中。借助于另一超声波探头在另一面上进行密封(未详细示出)。超声波探头24具有一与所要密封的表面相配合的形状。它具有优点地这样构成，从而可以同时处理多个表面。通过相应的造型，也可以处理背面。表面的密封连续或分批进行。另一个表面采用相应造型的超声波探头处理(未详细示出)。通过超声波探头的造型，确定对表面施加的压力。超声波探头可以是多部分并可移动，从而它与轮廓相配合。榫接-或插接连接安装后，通过重新熔化密封，可以将它们牢固和紧密地相互结合。
专业人员可以根据对这里所公开的本发明的认识，将其应用于其它物体和其它表面。

Claims (14)

1.一种用于密封板(11)的方法，所述板由多孔材料构成并且具有不平的边，该方法包括以下步骤：
提供包含热塑性材料的密封带；
提供对应于所述板的不平的边的超声波探头(24)；
将所述密封带安置在所述板的不平的边上；
将所述超声波探头压在已安置于所述板的不平的边上的所述密封带上；
通过所述超声波探头对所述密封带施加机械激发，从而熔化所述密封带；
按照所述超声波探头在安置于所述板的不平的边上的所述密封带的上方经过的方式，使所述超声波探头相对所述板移动。
2.按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述超声波探头被压在所述密封带并且对所述密封施加机械激发的同时，使所述超声波探头相对所述板移动。
3.按照权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，使所述超声波探头相对所述板移动的步骤包括在保持所述超声波探头固定不动的情况下移动所述板。
4.按照权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述板被移动时，所述板的第二边支撑在一构件上，所述第二边与所述所述密封带设置于其上的所述不平的边相反。
5.按照权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述板被移动时，所述板的相反的主表面是竖直延伸的。
6.按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述板的不平的边具有榫槽，所述密封带安置在所述榫槽中。
7.按照权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述超声波探头伸入所述榫槽中。
8.按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述板的不平的边具有榫头或者插接头，所述榫头或插接头与在另一板的边缘中的榫槽配合并形成连接。
9.按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述板的多孔材料选自由木材、薄木板、软木、纸板和纤维板构成的组。
10.按照权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述密封带具有许多层。
11.按照权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述密封带包括装饰性元件。
12.按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述密封带具有许多层。
13.按照权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述密封带包括装饰性元件。
14.按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述密封带包括装饰性元件。
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