CN100404762C

CN100404762C - Underwater opening type isopiestic hall

Info

Publication number: CN100404762C
Application number: CNB2004100113561A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马光伟
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2004-12-15
Filing date: 2004-12-15
Publication date: 2008-07-23
Anticipated expiration: 2024-12-15
Also published as: CN1789569A

Abstract

The present invention relates to an underwater open type isopiestic hall which is mainly used for people or terrestrial plants to live underwater. The main structure (disclosed in the specification) of the hall comprises: a pelviform transparent cover (4) is buckled on a basic lug boss (3) of which the middle is concave; a cover cap is connected with the basic lug boss, and the lug boss is open. When a blowing chamber (1) blows compressed gas to the cover cap through a gas channel (2), so water is exhausted from the edge of the cover cap; more gas is exhausted from the edge of the cover cap, and gas circulation is formed; water in the concave pit and other lower positions of the basic lug boss is exhausted by a water pump, and a space in which people can live is formed in the isopiestic hall. The isopiestic hall is open with the outside water body, so the range of movement of people is freer.

Description

The open under water isobaric Room

Affiliated technical field

The present invention relates under water a kind of technological facilities for people or the life of land animals and plants, scope of activities is free more and can reduce application cost under water to make the people, thereby makes human to the space of expanding survival and development under water.

Background technology

Present known submerged structure has enclosed normal pressure building under water, the building costs height, and small scale, and restrictive strong to people's scope of activities.Though the inside and outside under water equal pressure principle of the employing that also has underwater ship and under water little thole to have does not all overcome the restriction of buoyancy of water to it, scale is too little relatively, application cost height, the complex structure that has.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome existing underwater facility small scale, cost is higher, the invention provides a kind of underwater facility---the open under water isobaric Room, make application cost more economical, larger, be fit to bigger crowd and live under water, and activity is free more, thereby make the mankind expand the space of survival and development to taking up an area of the waters of ball surface area more than 70%.

The principle in the open under water isobaric Room (hereinafter to be referred as the isobaric Room) is: under water the peviform transparent cover is buckled on the basic boss, in the middle of the boss of basis is pit, cover cap connects with basic boss, the inside and outside is open, when plenum chamber is sent into cover cap with Compressed Gas by gas passage, just the edge of water from cover cap squeezed away, Duo gas is just discharged from the edge of cover cap again, forms gas communication.The water of lowers such as basis boss inside recess is extracted out with water pump, has just formed the space that people can survive on the basic boss.Entering has two kinds of approach in the isobaric Room, and the one, enter from the cover cap edge by diving, the 2nd, enter by the Compressed Gas passage.(we are this height called after isobar) inside and outside pressure is consistent on the height of cover cap edge exhaust in the isobaric Room, so just reduced the needed building costs of underwater facility opposing hydraulic pressure under the normal pressure, and open naturally in the isobaric Room with extraneous water body, increased people's free movable degree between inner and extraneous water body.

The technical problem scheme of the isobaric required solution in the Room is:

1. gas is directly proportional with the pressure of the depth of water of present position in the isobaric Room, that is to say, the degree of depth that the isobaric Room is positioned under water should be within the pressure range that human body can bear, when the compressed air of nature is breathing gas, builds the residing degree of depth and should arrive the degree of depth of the water surface in 30 meters at isobar.This is conservative degree of depth, and darker isobaric Room formula building has just needed special breathing mixture body.

2. isobaric Room hood section equilibrium of forces problem.Isobaric Room cover cap with receiving waters to its bigger buoyancy, the technical scheme that addresses this problem is, building up airtight spill in the middle of the basic boss, the basic boss edge of this concave must exceed isobar, space, the isobaric Room more than isobar will act on the buoyancy of cover cap water body like this, and the space, the isobaric Room below the isobar is with the pressure of receiving waters.The buoyancy that the above space, the isobaric Room of isobar produces should be as far as possible near the deadweight of cover cap.The increase of should trying one's best under economic and practical condition of the space of building more than the isobar of the isobaric Room of natural water area is to reduce the influence of SEA LEVEL VARIATION to building.Equipressure Room institute position is dark more, and it is just more little influenced by SEA LEVEL VARIATION, stormy waves etc.The dished portion of basic boss should be provided with pumping system in addition, and the gutter should be left in its inside edge.

3. the problem of Compressed Gas passage.The Compressed Gas passage is the passage that the people passes in and out building, also is the passage of outside resources supply.Its water surface is that the plenum chamber that air pump is housed is joining two pressure-exchange chambers for people's turnover with top.Connect with the isobaric Room by gas passage, when air duct is laid open-wire line under water, should consider consistently, make inside and outside pressure basically identical with isobar.When building was excessive, gas passage can be many and use.

4. transparent isobaric Room cover cap suitably illumination makes the environment that forms the land vegetation growth in the isobaric Room, and vegetation has increased the interior circulation of oxygen in the isobaric Room, to alleviate the cost of mechanical wind circulation.

Effect of the present invention is, builds the space of people or land animals and plants existence under water, makes the underwater activity of people free more, and simple in structure, and building costs is low.When forming a plurality of such building under water, the breathing gas that people use seldom freely commutes between these buildings, will become a real city under water like this.The human living space is faced with great challenge now, and the soil of a lot of arabilities is just captured by industrial occupancy, residential block, and a lot of vegetation is just destroyed by human.The mankind want sustainable development, just need more wide development space.The effective tool in the space of survival and development is expanded in human just waters wide on the earth, the open under water isobaric Room.

Description of drawings

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example.

Fig. 1 is a isobaric Room of the present invention principle generalized section.

Fig. 2 is first embodiment generalized section of the isobaric Room

Fig. 3 is the 1-1 amplification profile schematic diagram of Fig. 2

Fig. 4 is second the embodiment generalized section in the isobaric Room

Among the figure: 1, plenum chamber.2, Compressed Gas passage/3, basic boss.4, cover cap.5, connector.6 virtual isobar positions.7, built-in water pump drainage system.8, toward the interior air pump of blowing of plenum chamber.9, high-pressure gas chamber.10, the pressure-exchange chamber that connects with plenum chamber.11,12,13,14 be the indoor sealable access door of pressure-exchange.15, the 16,17,18, the 19th, pressure-exchange room pressure control valve.

The specific embodiment

In Fig. 1, cover cap (4) has the basic boss (3) of pit to connect with connector (5) with middle, and connector (5) is the corrosion resisting steel shelf structure.Pressure-exchange this moment indoor (10) is all closed with the valve of plenum chamber (1), Compressed Gas enters cover cap from plenum chamber by gas passage (2) under air pump (8) drives, water in the cover cap is discharged to the outside, and unnecessary gas is discharged at the edge, and the height of cover cap exhaust edge is isobar (6).The water of lowers such as the middle pit of the following basic boss of isobar is discharged water by water pump drainage system (7), has just formed the space that the people can survive in the isobaric Room.

In embodiment illustrated in fig. 2, be the open under water isobaric Room in the artificial swimming pool.Because artificial swimming pool water level is fixed, the degree of depth is little, does not have many uncertain variations in the natural water area, and characteristics such as the water pool inner water can discharge make the simple in structure of it, are convenient to build, it is little influenced by water depth pressure, and construction cost is low, the public place of entertainment with new visual angle of can yet be regarded as.When building artificial swimming pool, the design retaining degree of depth is 5 meters, builds 3 meters high metal framework fences at swimming pool, adorns withstand voltage glass on piezometric surface, by a plurality of turnover staircases, also does the withstand voltage support of fence above, has just formed the basic boss (3) of spill.Cover cap (4) be remove basic boss fence face all with the metal framework of the high 3 meters sealed attachment of swimming pool wall, there is suitable support the centre, withstand voltage glass is contained in the cover cap downside, cover cap all has projection at fence face staircase place, passes in and out under water for the people.The buoyancy that the cover cap projection bears is big, all uses connector (5) to connect with staircase, is used for balance buoyancy, and connector (5) adopts steel frame construction.The lower limb of cover cap (4) all has vertical adjustable steam vent.The basis boss in dorsad the fence side have Compressed Gas passage (2).Compressed Gas passage and top plenum chamber (1) UNICOM.The plenum chamber side is pressure-exchange chamber (10) as shown in Figure 3.The switch room is the seal cavity of pressure-bearing, and (11), (12), (13), (14) four access doors that can seal are arranged, and (15), (16), (17), (18), (19) five pneumatic control valve doors are housed respectively.

During use, when the swimming pool retaining reaches cover cap (4) edge steam vent, close (13), (14) pressure-exchange chamber door simultaneously, close (18), (19) pneumatic control valve, open air pump (8) and in plenum chamber, send Compressed Gas, enter the isobaric Room by gas passage.When holding 5 meters deep water positions in the swimming pool, the shallow pool above the cover cap of the isobaric Room and the swimmer's pool of side have just been formed.The people will enter the isobaric Room and can dive down from swimmer's pool, enter by basis, cover cap edge boss staircase, also can enter from pressure-exchange chamber door (11), call (11) and close pneumatic control valve (15), (16) in the pass again, open pneumatic control valve (19) again, when treating pressure and plenum chamber balance, open door (13) again and just entered gas passage and enter the isobaric Room.When personnel in the isobaric Room will go out by the pressure-exchange chamber and outer dough figurine will enter the time, the outside personnel can enter by door (12), and the pass calls (12), and close pneumatic control valve (17).Personnel can enter and close and call (13) and close pneumatic control valve (19) by (13) in the isobaric Room, open pneumatic control valve (16) then.Behind two Room air pressure balances, close pneumatic control valve (16) again, open pneumatic control valve (18), (15) equal pressure balance respectively after, the people that go out just goes out from door (11), the people who enters just enters from door (14), can be the food and drink public place of entertainment in the isobaric Room.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, can be in the more stable natural marine site, the isobar of isobaric Room design can be on the degree of depth of 25 meters of the depth of waters.At first choose the rock stratum, seabed of suitable sea-floor relief and good airproof performance and carry out basic boss (3), and design all connector bases.In the middle of the boss of basis is the pit of a handstand circular cone stage body, and foundation all around will seal withstand voltage.Build the metal framework fence of certain altitude again in basic boss outer rim, carry out interior support.Form can be that framework is loaded onto transparent pressure-resistant material with the staircase among Fig. 2 embodiment, laterally has an X-rayed to increase in the isobaric Room.Framework is carried out the steelframe connector (5) with cover cap simultaneously, and framework installs the Compressed Gas channel interface on the isobar height.Excavate an inclined ladder tunnel same period in the seashore appropriate location to the isobar degree of depth, in import plenum chamber (1) and pressure-exchange chamber (10) are installed, form is shown in Figure 3.Because of going out the isobaric Room, people on this degree of depth needs longer decompression time, so the pressure-exchange chamber should be enough big.The inclined ladder tunnel laterally excavates in the isobar degree of depth, and this moment, plenum chamber sent Compressed Gas, made pressure balance when opening with the seabed, made ready-made in advance outlet connector install fixing.Again the lifting of ready-made transparent air duct (2) is in advance put in place, and carry out fixingly, use ship that ready-made cover cap (4) is lifted on the boss connector at last and connect.When plenum chamber send Compressed Gas by gas passage in the isobaric Room, when treating pressure balance, water pump drainage system (7) discharges water in the isobaric Room, even if the preparatory works in this isobaric Room has been finished.Drainage system is specifically improved in the finishing gutter in around again in the inside recess of the isobaric Room.Interposition is set up a underground high-voltage gasholder (9) in the Room, and cover cap edge steam vent is adjusted at water level at basic boss fence top edge downward about 1 meter.When bigger variation takes place in extraneous water level, when isobaric Room cover cap edge water level is risen rapidly, can increase the air demand of air pump on the one hand, gas in the high pressure tank can be discharged on the other hand, with the isobaric Room of balance internal pressure.Before predictable high water level arrived, the position of turning down cover cap edge steam vent as much as possible was to increase the ability of regulating water level in addition.This equipressure Room planted agent vegetation of trying one's best makes the oxygen can inner loop, to alleviate machine air-supply cost.

Claims

1. open under water isobaric Room, it is a kind of underwater facility, under water the peviform transparent cover is buckled on the basic boss of a central concave, cover cap connects with basic boss, the inside and outside is open, plenum chamber is by UNICOM in gas passage and the basic boss, it is characterized in that: Compressed Gas is sent in the cover cap by gas passage from plenum chamber, water is squeezed away from the cover cap edge, Duo gas is just discharged from the cover cap edge again, form gas communication, the inside and outside pressure of the height of cover cap edge exhaust is consistent, and this highly is an isobar, and the water of basic boss inside recess lower is extracted out with water pump, space on so basic boss has just formed the isobaric Room for people or the existence of land animals and plants, and the pressure in the isobaric Room equates with the pressure of the isobar depth of water of living in.

2. the isobaric Room according to claim 1 is characterized in that: peviform transparent cover edge is provided with adjustable steam vent, and cover cap seals with top and water body at isobar.

3. the isobaric Room according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the basic boss of central concave seals with lower part and water body at isobar, the basis boss side surfaces sealed with water body with connecting also of gas passage, and gutter and drainage system are arranged around the boss inboard.

4. the isobaric Room according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the isobaric Room is inner for being higher than normobaric space, and its internal pressure is consistent with the degree of depth pressure of isobar water of living in.

5. the isobaric Room according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the isobaric Room is inner by cover cap edge and the natural UNICOM of extraneous water body.

6. the isobaric Room according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with high pressure tank in the basic boss, be used for balance water level pressure in the isobaric Room when increasing suddenly.

7. the isobaric Room according to claim 1 is characterized in that: gas passage is provided with the pressure-exchange chamber that passes in and out for the people at the water surface with top.

8. the isobaric Room according to claim 1 is characterized in that: vegetation in the isobaric Room increases circulation in the oxygen, to reduce the cost of mechanical air supply.