CN100392420C - Multi-channel analyzer of non-contact applied chip - Google Patents
Multi-channel analyzer of non-contact applied chip Download PDFInfo
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- CN100392420C CN100392420C CNB2005100244416A CN200510024441A CN100392420C CN 100392420 C CN100392420 C CN 100392420C CN B2005100244416 A CNB2005100244416 A CN B2005100244416A CN 200510024441 A CN200510024441 A CN 200510024441A CN 100392420 C CN100392420 C CN 100392420C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a multi-channel tester of a non-contact applied chip. The operation of each functional module is coordinated by a mainboard control module through a general purpose interface to test a plurality of non-contact chips at the same time. A radio frequency modulating module provides two ways of independent radio frequency modulation which is used as the radio frequency input of a tested chip, and a receiving module respectively not only receives and processes signals returned by each chip, but also outputs the signals to the mainboard control modules. At the same time of satisfying a basic testing function for chips, the present invention has the advantages of improving the consistency of a multi-channel test, ensuring the reliability of the test and enhancing the capacity of a parallel test.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of contactless smart card tester, particularly relate to a kind of tester that is applicable to a plurality of contactless smart card chips of concurrent testing.
Background technology
At present, the technical development of IT industry is maked rapid progress, and particularly at microelectronics technology, all can have beyond thought variation every day.Along with the develop rapidly of smart card, very big to the demand of chip, therefore have higher requirement for the production in enormous quantities test of chip.Not only require the high reliability of test chip, but also require to have higher concurrent testing ability.
A lot of general-purpose chip testers are abroad arranged now, the testing research in the time of satisfying chip design, but producing in enormous quantities, during the multi-channel parallel test, because the influence of application chip and test environment makes test a lot of insoluble problems occur, has reduced the reliability of testing efficiency and test.For now, the general tester that seldom has at the non-contact application chip, existing universal tester is the simple increase of independent test passage mostly, every drive test examination passage is by independently rf modulations and receiving processing module constitute, though mostly producer has adopted simultaneous techniques, in fact be difficult to reach real fully synchronously.Test channel is many more, and the consistance of hardware is poor more, causes that the mutation of chip testing interchannel radio frequency interface signal difference is big, reduces the accurate reliability and the testing efficiency of test.
In addition, in the test of contactless chip multi-channel parallel, existing universal tester hardware maintenance cost is very high, and the radio frequency interface otherness is very big, so is difficult to accomplish general fully in the practical application.When especially needing according to the test case of reality change radio frequency test interface, often, structure is difficult to change because fixing with the tested chip of optimum matching, and can not adaptive testing demand in time.Therefore a kind of flexible configuration of needs is simple to operate, is easy to the dedicated tester that changes and upgrade according to testing requirement.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of multi-channel analyzer of non-contact applied chip, when satisfying chip basic test function, can improve the consistance of multiple channel test, has both guaranteed the reliability of testing can improve the concurrent testing ability again.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the multi-channel analyzer of non-contact applied chip of the present invention comprises a mainboard control module, and each functional module is connected with data bus by the parallel address bus that general-purpose interface on the mainboard control module provides; Described mainboard control module receives the test instruction that sends from supporting with it computing machine, coordinates the work of each functional module according to the requirement of different functional tests respectively by its general-purpose interface, simultaneously a plurality of contactless chips are tested; Described functional module comprises: chip port equivalent capacity test module, chip port Equivalent DC characteristic test module, chip load signal amplitude effective value test module, controllable voltage source, rf modulations module and multichannel be Receiver Module independently; The rf modulations module provides the radio frequency input of two independent rf modulated signal as chip under test, wherein, one the tunnel produces modulated test signal, another road produces the carrier signal of keeping the chip energy, when a plurality of chips of concurrent testing need receive same instruction, modulated test signal offers each tested chip simultaneously, when a plurality of chips of concurrent testing need receive different instructions respectively, modulated test signal offers each chip under test respectively, during this period except that the test chip that is provided test signal, other chip receives the carrier signal from another road, to keep the contactless chip energy needed that works on, Receiver Module is corresponding one by one with each tested chip, receive the signal that returns by each chip respectively, receive corresponding state and data by the mainboard control module, the processing procedure of whole test is concentrated by computing machine and is controlled.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, when carrying out a plurality of non-contact applied chip concurrent testings, guaranteed reliability, dirigibility and the testing efficiency of chip testing.
The framework of tester of the present invention is very flexible, and particularly two independent modulation source structure has been adopted in functional test, and flexible working mode can satisfy the requirement of different test environments and all kinds of test instructions.
General-purpose interface provides parallel data bus and address bus on the mainboard control module, can develop new module according to actual conditions and be integrated into tester, is easy to function expansion, thereby has improved tester configuration flexibility, reliability and testing efficiency.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment:
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of the multi-channel analyzer of non-contact applied chip of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of rf modulations module among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the channel test signal process synoptic diagram that control forms through single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT).
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of the multi-channel analyzer of non-contact applied chip of the present invention.Mainboard control module wherein is a microcontroller 1, each functional module is connected with data bus by the parallel address bus that general-purpose interface on the microcontroller 1 provides, each functional module is finished address translation functions on module separately, its address decoding carries out unified addressing, can not cause the I/O Address space conflict between the module.Rf modulations module 2 among Fig. 1 and receiver module 3 are two parts fully independently.Rf modulations module 2 is finished the selection of generation of test instruction modulated message after coded and test channel, and the radiofrequency signal of multiple channel test chip is provided.Receiver module 3 comprises the reception processing of all passages, the load modulation signal of test chip is examined mediated reason, and finally the form with decoded digital signal offers microcontroller 1.Receiver module 3 is independent fully on hardware, forms independently Receiver Module of multichannel, can examine the mediation decoding processing to the return signal of chip in real time, can improve the parallel processing capability of test like this.Remaining functional module also comprises: chip capacity test module 4, chip DC characteristic test module 5, chip signal amplitude test module 6, controllable voltage source 7, the interface of these modules and microcontroller 1 is identical, all be to be connected with microcontroller 1, finish reading of The performance test results data by general-purpose interface parallel data, address bus.
The multi-channel analyzer of non-contact applied chip of the present invention also provides a microampere precision constant current source 8, the power bus of the shared master control control module of this module, and electric current can satisfy the test request of chip impressed current by the manual adjustments setting.
When chip testing interface 9 is function and performance test and the interface of silicon wafer 10, realize the coupling of test signal and the switching of test pattern.
The clock signal of field programmable logic array 11 is provided after relatively shaping circuit 13 cushions by sine-wave generator 12; The sine-wave oscillation signal of rf modulations module 2 also is to be provided by described sine-wave generator 12.All clocks of tester and carrier wave are provided by same signal source like this, guarantee the synchronous fully of clock and carrier wave.
Field programmable logic array 11 is finished the coding of instruction, and produces digital signal and the clock signal that adapts with digital to analog converter according to coding, and it also provides the clock signal of the passage switch-over control signal and the receiver module 3 of rf modulations module 2 (test channel).
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of the rf modulations module 2 of tester of the present invention, and the hyperchannel rf modulated signal of tester is produced by this module controls.Rf modulations module 2 adopts multiplier amplitude modulation(PAM) mode commonly used, is made up of the identical hardware circuit of two-way.The detailed process that rf modulated signal produces is as follows: the microcontroller 1 among Fig. 1 receives the test instruction of computing machine 14 transmissions of concentrating test control usefulness, and the instruction that will receive sends to field programmable logic array 11, it will carry out different codings according to the various criterion of selecting, and with the data and the clock signal output of digital to analog converter 15 sequential that are fit to rf modulations module 2.After digital to analog converter 15 among Fig. 2 is converted to simulating signal with the digital signal of importing, be transformed to the signal level that adapts to multiplier 17 input interfaces by current-to-voltage converter 16, also play simultaneously buffer action with digital to analog converter 15, voltage signal after the conversion multiplies each other through multiplier 17 and sine wave, and after filtering circuit 18, amplifying circuit 19 filtering are amplified, producing rf modulated signal, this rf modulated signal is as the input signal of back test channel.
Before single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), two groups of identical hardware circuits are arranged, wherein one the tunnel provide chip modulated test signal, the carrier signal that another road provides chip to keep work capacity, the amplitude of carrier signal should be consistent with the amplitude of unmodulated signal.Otherwise the changes in amplitude that may cause unmodulated signal is too big, the situation that tested chip appearance does not respond.
Eight single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT)s are formed the Access Control circuit 20 of channel test signal, the input front of each single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) is modulated test signal and carrier signal, concrete that end that inserts is controlled by the passage switch-over control signal that field programmable logic array 11 produces, the switch back is the integrated circuit (IC)-components 21 of fully differential, after the signal amplification of this device with input, produce the radiofrequency signal of fully differential and be input to chip testing interface 9, chip testing interface 9 is through certain amplification, and the coupling scheme of selecting to have set are connected with chip under test (being silicon wafer 10 shown in Figure 1), have realized the supply of chip testing input signal.
The present invention be its objective is in order to improve the dirigibility of test by the two-way rf modulated signal that rf modulations module 2 provides.The carrier-less signal if having only one road modulated test signal, when this situation has determined test, all passages or parallel fully, or time-division working method.Walking abreast fully of test can improve testing efficiency, but because actual test processes flow process can not realize complete concurrent working, need coordinate with synchronously all passages of test; The time-division working method can be avoided the phase mutual interference of chip concurrent testing, and control is simple but testing efficiency is too low.
In the production run of reality, need the parallel mode that combines with time-division work, concrete control mode is by 1 centralized control of the microcontroller among Fig. 1.In fact, in order to improve the reliability of test, may resurvey to the chip that does not have response for the first time, to get rid of the mistake survey that chip and tester bad connection cause, just need the chip that test does not for the first time have to respond be carried out resurveying the second time, the chip of the correct response of other passage this moment should be forbidden test for the second time with the reduction test duration, but will continue to keep the energy of chip in case the chip outage, after wait was resurveyed and confirmed, all passages can be carried out according to the testing process order again.This existence of resurveying just needs two modulating signal sources.
Two modulating signal sources can reduce the hardware configuration of tester, guarantee interchannel signal conformance, reduce the total power consumption of instrument, improve the reliability of test, bring very big facility to debugging maintenance.Owing to there is single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), in handoff procedure, can cause switch pulse, therefore make needs the waveform distortion of rf modulated signal to select at a high speed, and the analog switch of low input capacitance reduces the influence of analog switch to radio frequency modulated signal wave shape.Carry out the time that passage switches at analog switch in addition, chip finishes to the commanded response of test, and is very little to the influence of chip testing.
The flexible use of two modulating signal sources can maximize the raising testing efficiency when improving testing reliability, can select suitable working method according to the actual chips test case.
In the present invention, rf modulations module 2 shown in Figure 2, wherein digital to analog converter adopts the high-speed A/D converter spare AD9708AR of current-output type; Current-to-voltage converter 16 is selected high speed double operational AD812AR for use; Multiplier 17 is selected for use at a high speed, high precision, the AD734AN of wide input voltage range; Filtering circuit 18 adopts passive resistance capacitance filtering; Amplifying circuit 19 adopts high-speed AD 811AN; Single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) is selected for use at a high speed, the MAX4547CEE of low input capacitance; The integrated circuit (IC)-components 21 that difference is amplified is selected for use at a high speed, high-precision A 8131AR.
Fig. 3 is the channel test signal process synoptic diagram that control forms through single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), before the moment one, send be chip testing the time modulated test signal, the moment one after die response, this passage need stop test, wait for other chip testing, so that the multi-channel chip test synchronously.But constantly a back chip is owing to need the subsequent operation again can not power-off restoration, so chip need continue to provide energy.In the moment one, the channel switch switch-over control signal changes, and gauge tap switches to carrier signal, forms test signal shown in Figure 3.
Claims (4)
1. the multi-channel analyzer of a non-contact applied chip, it is characterized in that: comprise a mainboard control module, each functional module is connected with data bus by the parallel address bus that general-purpose interface on the mainboard control module provides; Described mainboard control module receives the test instruction that sends from supporting with it computing machine, coordinates the work of each functional module according to the requirement of different functional tests respectively by its general-purpose interface, simultaneously a plurality of contactless chips are tested; Described functional module comprises: chip port equivalent capacity test module, chip port Equivalent DC characteristic test module, chip load signal amplitude effective value test module, controllable voltage source, rf modulations module and multichannel be Receiver Module independently; The rf modulations module provides the radio frequency input of two independent rf modulated signal as chip under test, wherein, one the tunnel produces modulated test signal, another road produces the carrier signal of keeping the chip energy, when a plurality of chips of concurrent testing need receive same instruction, modulated test signal offers each tested chip simultaneously, when a plurality of chips of concurrent testing need receive different instructions respectively, modulated test signal offers each chip under test respectively, during this period except that the test chip that is provided test signal, other chip receives the carrier signal from another road, to keep the contactless chip energy needed that works on, Receiver Module is corresponding one by one with each tested chip, receives the signal that is returned by each chip respectively, receives corresponding state and data by the mainboard control module.
2. the multi-channel analyzer of non-contact applied chip as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the rf modulations module adopts multiplier amplitude modulation(PAM) mode commonly used, form by the identical hardware circuit of two-way, it comprises digital to analog converter, current-to-voltage converter, multiplier, filtering circuit, amplifying circuit, after digital to analog converter is converted to simulating signal with the digital signal of importing, be transformed to the signal level that adapts to the multiplier input interface by current-to-voltage converter, also play simultaneously buffer action with digital to analog converter, voltage signal after the conversion multiplies each other through multiplier and sine wave, and through filtering circuit, amplifying circuit filtering is amplified the back and is produced rf modulated signal, the two-way rf modulated signal is imported the Access Control circuit of the channel test signal of being made up of a plurality of single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT)s respectively, and controls described Access Control circuit by the passage switch-over control signal and select to connect any one road rf modulated signal.
3. the multi-channel analyzer of non-contact applied chip as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise a field programmable logic array, the test instruction that is received by the mainboard control module sends to the field programmable logic array, finish the coding of instruction by it, and according to coding generation digital signal and clock signal, it also provides the passage switch-over control signal of rf modulations module and the clock signal of receiver module.
4. the multi-channel analyzer of non-contact applied chip as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: through relatively providing after the shaping circuit buffering, the sine-wave oscillation signal of rf modulations module is also provided by described sine-wave generator the clock signal of described field programmable logic array by sine-wave generator.
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CNB2005100244416A CN100392420C (en) | 2005-03-17 | 2005-03-17 | Multi-channel analyzer of non-contact applied chip |
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