CN100379799C - 用于合成树脂连接的模制体的织物芯层的制法及所用的浸渍剂 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种制造用于以合成树脂连接的模制体的织物芯层的方法，其中被热固性粘合剂或粘合剂混合物浸渍，其中，在浸渍之前向浸渍使用的粘合剂或粘合剂混合物中添加选自脂肪酰胺或取代的脂肪酰胺类的添加物。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及一种制造用于合成树脂连接的模制体特别是砂轮的织物芯层的方法，其中该织物芯层被热固性粘合剂或粘合剂混合物浸渍，以及用于织物芯层的浸渍剂。
背景技术
合成树脂连接的模制体通常通过将含热固性树脂的织物芯层和由粘合剂、填料和添加物组成的模制体物料压合并紧接着固化来制造。工程上最重要的具有织物芯层的以合成树脂连接的模制体是砂轮。
为了制造该织物芯层，预先制造用热固性粘合剂或粘合剂混合物浸渍的织物芯层，也就是说，用热固性树脂、混合树脂或由潜在固化剂和热固性树脂或树脂混合物构成的混合物浸渍织物，干燥该树脂并进行可能的预固化，使其不再具有流动性，但在研磨剂的固化温度下仍然可以与磨料的粘合剂发生反应，交联成为一个整体的聚合物体系(参见Gardziella，Pilato，Knop“Phenolic Resins”(酚醛树脂)，Springer出版社2000，333-336页)。可惜该干燥的树脂并不是绝对不粘。另一方面，该预先制造且必要时已经冲压成圆片的织物芯层被相互堆积并成堆运输和存放。这时各个织物芯层会重新相互粘接，在使用前必须用手工再次将其分开。
为了保证织物芯层毫无困难地分开，就要在织物芯层之间放入分隔膜，优选硅纸，织物芯层各自分开后这些分隔膜就成了垃圾。这一方面提高了成本，需要花费额外的劳动，用自动化设备可以顺利完成，但手工放入时却会给工人造成非常大的麻烦。
不能使用本领域技术人员容易想到的通过向浸渍树脂添加常见的蜡来达到织物芯层的分隔效果的办法，原因是这些添加物对耐磨体物料也是分隔剂，从而会影响产品砂轮的剥离强度。
发明内容
因此，本发明的任务在于，提供一种能够制造用于以合成树脂连接的模制体特别是砂轮的织物芯层，其中该织物芯层被热固性粘合剂或粘合剂混合物浸渍，该织物芯层不必使用分隔膜即可相互堆积存放，存放期间不粘接，存放后使用时可以简单而有效地分开，并保证模制体的质量与使用分隔膜而堆放的织物芯层的质量相同。
该任务通过权利要求1-8所述的方法以及通过权利要求9-14所述的用于实施本发明方法的织物芯层的浸渍剂来完成。
业已发现，如果向浸渍织品所用的热固性树脂或由潜在固化剂和热固性树脂构成的混合物中加入一或多种选自脂肪酰胺或取代的脂肪酰胺类的产物，就可以得到可以顺利叠放且在较高温度下存放后再使用时可以简单而有效地分开的含有热固性树脂的织物芯层，并不降低由其制造的砂轮的质量。
所加入的脂防酰胺或取代的脂肪酰胺类添加物是如下通式所示的在室温下为固体至半固体状的物质或混合物：
式中n是1-6范围的数，R表示具有10-30个碳原子的分支或不分支的烷基链，R’和R”可以相同或不同，表示氢或具有1-6个碳原子的分支或不分支的烷基链。优选的这类产物是油酰胺、山萮酰胺、硬脂酰胺和特别是亚乙基双硬脂酰胺。
当用含该产物的热固性树脂或由潜在固化剂和热固性树脂(粘合剂或粘合剂混合物)构成的混合物浸渍织物时，这些添加物在各层浸渍的织物之间起分隔剂的作用，并在叠放时避免粘接。
出乎意料的是，这些添加物在热固性粘合剂或粘合剂混合物与织品之间不起分隔剂作用，因此固化后可以确保得到良好的连接，它们在织物芯层和与其压合的磨料之间也不起分隔剂作用，因此在固化后织品的浸渍树脂与磨料的粘合剂之间可以得到完全均匀的交联，从而获得砂轮所需的强度和硬度。
脂肪酰胺或取代的脂肪酰胺类添加物对浸渍树脂的这种作用和按本发明的织物芯层的制造不仅可以用于制造砂轮，而且通常也可以用于制造由织物芯层强化的以合成树脂连接的模制体。
含环氧树脂或酚醛树脂的脂肪酰胺或取代的脂肪酰胺类产物的应用本身已经公知。例如JP-A 10130462(CA 29：55251)所述的这类脂肪酰胺就在环氧树脂组合物中用作分隔剂。JP-A 60111734(C.A 103：182359)或JP-A 57209741(C.A.98：165573)描述了酚醛树脂与取代或未取代脂肪酰胺组合的粘合剂在铸造行业制模中主要用作沙子的粘合剂。根据关于添加物对酚醛树脂制模物料的流动性能和固化性能的研究(C.A.104：34743)可以确定，流动性能随分隔剂的含量提高而改进，但完全固化率却随例如亚乙基双硬脂酰胺的含量提高而恶化。本领域技术人员可以预见到，用这些添加物制造的砂轮的强度也将降低。
在本发明的方法中，脂肪酰胺或取代的脂肪酰胺类产物在粘合剂或粘合剂混合物(浸渍树脂)中的用量以浸渍树脂的重量计为1-15重量％，优选3-5重量％。许多这类脂肪酰胺或取代的脂肪酰胺不溶于甲醇，从而通常不能加入到本发明所用的粘合剂中。所以，优选以分散体方式进行添加，这样可以将其稳定地加入到甲醇粘合剂混合物中。
作为用于模制体物料尤其是磨料的热固性粘合剂或粘合剂混合物，可以使用对这类混合物本身已知的基于苯酚、烷基苯酚、环氧树脂、聚酯或聚氨酯树脂的固体粉状树脂，但也可以使用粉状漆和含有反应性基团的粉状漆残留物以及液体树脂和由固体和液体热固性树脂组成的混合物，其与潜在的固化剂一起的用量以模制体物料的总重量计为5-20重量％，优选10重量％。
优选的热固性树脂是酚醛清漆。对酚醛清漆优选的潜在固化剂是六亚甲基四胺，其在酚醛清漆中的添加量为酚醛清漆重量的3-16重量％。
作为酚醛清漆，可以使用所有由酚类化合物与醛，特别是甲醛以酚类化合物与醛的摩尔比为1∶0.9-1∶0.2条件下在酸性介质中得到的熔点为50-110℃的缩合产物。
作为酚类化合物，可以使用单核或多核酚或所述类型化合物的混合物，既含一个也含多个核的酚。对此的例子有苯酚，以及烷基取代的同系物，如邻-、间-或对-甲酚、二甲苯或者更高级的烷基化的酚类，此外还有卤素取代的酚类如氯代或溴代酚类，和多元酚类如间苯二酚或焦儿茶酚，以及多核酚类如萘酚、双酚A或双酚F。
该苯酚或酚类化合物与醛特别是与甲醛或可裂解出甲醛的化合物反应生成所需要的酚醛清漆。该酚醛清漆可以通过常见的改性剂如环氧树脂、橡胶、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛和无机添加物改性。
为了浸渍织物芯层，原则上应用与模制体物料相同种类的粘合剂。如果不是相同的粘合剂或粘合剂混合物，则应当选择可与模制体的粘合剂交联且尽可能在相同的温度和时间固化的粘合剂。用于浸渍的粘合剂必须是液体状态，也就是说作为液状树脂或者作为溶液或分散体。通常使用甲醇溶液，也可以使用可溶性酚醛树脂溶液或酚醛清漆溶液以及含有可溶酚醛树脂和酚醛清漆的溶液。
在浸渍之前，向作为浸渍树脂使用的粘合剂或粘合剂混合物中添加1-15重量％的一种或多种脂肪酰胺或取代的脂肪酰胺类产物，由此得到一种新的用于织物芯层的浸渍剂。用该浸渍剂以公知的方式进行织物的浸渍。
因此，本发明的用来制造用于合成树脂连接的模制体的浸渍织物芯层的浸渍剂是混合物，除了必要时其他的助剂和添加物外，含有液体形式的热固性粘合剂和1-15重量％的一种或多种脂肪酰胺或取代的脂肪酰胺类产物。
热固性粘合剂是热固性树脂或树脂混合物，或者是树脂一固化剂混合物。优选的热固性树脂是可溶酚醛树脂或酚醛清漆，或者是酚醛清漆固化剂混合物。优选的热固性树脂混合物是任意比例的可溶酚醛树脂-酚醛清漆-混合物。热固性粘合剂是液体树脂或热固性树脂、树脂混合物或树脂-固化剂-混合物的溶液，其中优选的溶剂是醇，尤其是甲醇。
所用的脂肪酰胺或取代的脂肪酰胺类产物优选是这些产物的含水分散液。
待浸渍的织物可以由天然和合成的无机和有机纤维组成。优选的织物是玻璃纤维织物。
按照本发明浸渍、干燥和必要时预固化和冲压的织物芯层可以在不必另外使用分隔剂或助剂下堆放和成堆存放，使用时可以简单顺利地分开，用来以公知的方式制造合成树脂连接的模制体，特别是制造砂轮。
具体实施方式
实施例
在试验室制备Bakelite公司的酚醛树脂BakelitePF6212IL。将产物分份，向一份中加入3％的亚乙基-双硬脂酰胺含水分散体。用两种试样浸渍玻璃纤维织物，通过在125℃干燥(约2分钟)将湿度调节到约10％。
将各两条同样浸渍的预浸件在两块玻璃板之间叠置，加2.2kg的重量并在室温下放置7天。随后去掉重物，用手工将玻璃板和预浸件分开。用光学手段和人工评价可分离性。
未改性的BakelitePF 6212IL：令人满意的粘接倾向，但必须用手才能分开。用EBS改性的BakelitePF 6212IL：预浸件之间绝对不粘接，可以毫无困难地相互分开。
Claims (8)
1.一种制造用于合成树脂连接的模制体的织物芯层的方法，其中该织物芯层被热固性粘合剂或粘合剂混合物浸渍，其特征是，在浸渍之前向浸渍用的粘合剂或粘合剂混合物中添加选自脂肪酰胺或取代的脂肪酰胺类的添加物。
2.权利要求1所述的方法，其特征是，脂肪酰胺或取代的脂肪酰胺类添加物的量按粘合剂或粘合剂混合物的量计为1-15重量％。
3.权利要求1-2中任意一项所述的方法，其特征是，脂肪酰胺或取代的脂肪酰胺类添加物是亚乙基双硬脂酰胺。
4.权利要求1-2中任意一项所述的方法，其特征是，浸渍所用的粘合剂是可溶酚醛树脂。
5.权利要求1-2中任意一项所述的方法，其特征是，浸渍所用的粘合剂是酚醛清漆或酚醛清漆和固化剂的混合物。
6.权利要求1-2中任意一项所述的方法，其特征是，浸渍所用的粘合剂是可溶酚醛树脂和酚醛清漆的混合物。
7.权利要求1-2中任意一项所述的方法，其特征是，向浸渍所用的粘合剂中以分散体形式添加脂肪酰胺或取代的脂肪酰胺类的添加物。
8.权利要求1-2中任意一项所述的方法，用于制造适用于以合成树脂连接的砂轮的织物芯层。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10230573.0 | 2002-07-05 | ||
| DE2002130573 DE10230573A1 (de) | 2002-07-05 | 2002-07-05 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gewebeeinlagen für kunstharzgebundene Formkörper sowie Imprägniermittel für Gewebeeinlagen |
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| CN1492020A CN1492020A (zh) | 2004-04-28 |
| CN100379799C true CN100379799C (zh) | 2008-04-09 |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US20040043684A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1378536B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN100379799C (zh) |
| AT (1) | ATE456609T1 (zh) |
| DE (2) | DE10230573A1 (zh) |
| DK (1) | DK1378536T3 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2336202T3 (zh) |
| MX (1) | MXPA03005972A (zh) |
| PL (1) | PL208966B1 (zh) |
| PT (1) | PT1378536E (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2322539C2 (zh) |
| SI (1) | SI1378536T1 (zh) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| FR2917403B1 (fr) * | 2007-06-18 | 2009-07-31 | Saint Gobain Technical Fabrics | Structure de fils de verre destinee a renforcer des articles abrasifs agglomeres |
| DE102007029531A1 (de) * | 2007-06-25 | 2009-01-08 | Hexion Specialty Chemicals Gmbh | Harzdispersion |
| FR2959226B1 (fr) * | 2010-04-21 | 2012-05-25 | Saint Gobain Technical Fabrics | Structure de fils de verre destinee a renforcer des articles abrasifs agglomeres. |
| DE102010036554A1 (de) | 2010-07-21 | 2012-01-26 | Bamberger Kaliko Gmbh | Verbundmaterial für die Weiterverarbeitung in flächige Schleifprodukte sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
| DE112013001693T5 (de) | 2012-04-26 | 2014-12-04 | Saint-Gobain Abrasifs | Ein verbessertes Werkzeug |
| CN107090744B (zh) * | 2017-05-28 | 2019-05-03 | 山东龙德复合材料科技股份有限公司 | 一种醇溶性酚醛树脂浸涂胶液、油水分离燃油滤纸及制备方法 |
| CN114434348B (zh) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-12-20 | 广东小太阳砂磨材料有限公司 | 一种抗拉型砂布及其生产工艺 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH11244991A (ja) * | 1998-02-26 | 1999-09-14 | Gun Ei Chem Ind Co Ltd | レジンコ−テッドサンド製造方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US2692837A (en) * | 1950-02-25 | 1954-10-26 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Composition and process for rendering textile fabrics water-repellent |
| US3293056A (en) * | 1958-03-11 | 1966-12-20 | Walter S Baker | Composition for a combustible cartridge case |
| NL299783A (zh) * | 1963-10-25 | |||
| US3494826A (en) * | 1964-02-03 | 1970-02-10 | Du Pont | Polymer bonded cellulose and its preparation |
| DE2214605A1 (de) * | 1971-04-01 | 1972-10-12 | PPG Industries Inc., Pittsburgh, Pa. (V.StA.) | Glasfaserbündel für die Verstärkung von Kautschuk und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
| US5679067A (en) * | 1995-04-28 | 1997-10-21 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Molded abrasive brush |
| DE19937858A1 (de) * | 1999-08-13 | 2001-02-15 | Bakelite Ag | Resole, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und Verwendung |
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| JPH11244991A (ja) * | 1998-02-26 | 1999-09-14 | Gun Ei Chem Ind Co Ltd | レジンコ−テッドサンド製造方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1378536A1 (de) | 2004-01-07 |
| PL361089A1 (en) | 2004-01-12 |
| PT1378536E (pt) | 2010-02-22 |
| DE50312373D1 (de) | 2010-03-18 |
| US20040043684A1 (en) | 2004-03-04 |
| SI1378536T1 (sl) | 2010-06-30 |
| PL208966B1 (pl) | 2011-06-30 |
| RU2003119948A (ru) | 2005-03-10 |
| ES2336202T3 (es) | 2010-04-09 |
| DE10230573A1 (de) | 2004-01-15 |
| ATE456609T1 (de) | 2010-02-15 |
| DK1378536T3 (da) | 2010-05-25 |
| RU2322539C2 (ru) | 2008-04-20 |
| CN1492020A (zh) | 2004-04-28 |
| MXPA03005972A (es) | 2005-02-14 |
| EP1378536B1 (de) | 2010-01-27 |
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