CN100355990C - Water-retaining sand-stabilizing material for desert treatment and its preparing process - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a water retention and sand fixation material for desertification treatment and preparing technology thereof, which uses the combined method of microwave radiation activation technology and interpenetrating network technology to develop a novel environmental protection material with water retention and sand fixation by using cellulose high molecular polymers as main materials. The present invention can effectively retain water and fix shifting sand simultaneously. The water retention and sand fixation material is suitable for the growth of plants and increases the survival rate of plants to fully fix shifting sand by depending roots of the plants finally. The water retention and sand fixation material is a new environmental protection method to treat serious desertification phenomena thoroughly.

Description

The water-retaining sand-stabilizing material and the preparation technology thereof that are used for desert treatment

Technical field

The present invention relates to the environmental technology field of derived energy chemical, is a kind of chemical modification macromolecule sand control material and preparation technology thereof who has the dual-use function of tackling quicksand, absorption and maintenance large quantity of moisture concurrently.

Background technology

At present, serious desertification phenomenon is threatening the top of the earth 1/3, according to incompletely statistics, now has 3,700,000,000 hectares of soils desertification.And China, the country that desertification is comparatively serious, total desert and about 1,500,000 km of desertification land ², account for about 16% of territory total area, and nowadays desertification land has reached 2,460km also in expansion at a high speed ²/ year, the economic loss that therefore cause every year is above 54,000,000,000 yuans.The desertification phenomenon that grows in intensity is sharply being reduced the area that China can effectively utilize, and causes China's Ecological environment worsening, and has seriously restricted the socio-economic development of China.Therefore, find a kind of method of effective improvement desertification, become national even global problem.Both at home and abroad this is studied, carry out water conservation or sand fixation, and the chemical environment when using is comparatively harsh, scarcely is fit to plant growing but traditional water-loss reducer or sand-consolidating agent all can only be single, have in addition can pollute environment.

General chemical sand-fixing method mainly contains cement paste class, water glass class, oil product class and high molecular polymer super absorbent resin class etc. in the world today, though these methods all have certain sand-fixing effect, exists deficiency in various degree:

(1) the cement paste method of fixing the sand only utilizes cement paste to be sprayed at the covering effect after the condensation cure on the Shamian Island.But the desert area weather is hot dry, Shamian Island temperature height, after cement paste sprays, wherein moisture rapidly evaporation make cement lack enough moisture aquation fully, can only form the low and thin cured layer of intensity, easily chap, can't water conservation and fix the sand for a long time.

(2) it is fixed to utilize the water glass slurries to fix the sand easy gelling, and curing reaction is incomplete, and easily for outside destroy and then cause alkali pollution for the second time, in addition, plant can't grow in having the alkaline environment of a large amount of water glass.

(3) though mulseal method cost is low and can improve the plant survival rate, and its ageing resistace is poor, wherein composition causes cured layer to ftracture at last easily by the oxygen in the atmosphere, light, heat, moisture and microbial destruction, loses effectiveness.

(4) high molecular polymer class sand fixation material has the consolidation strength height, solidifies characteristics such as rapid, that caking property is good, has good fold resistance and high-temperature stability simultaneously.But this material poor permeability, and have water resistance, further research improves.In addition, some organic polymers have toxicity, have also limited its scope of application.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of water-retaining sand-stabilizing material and preparation technology thereof who is used for desert treatment, use this material, can promote the growth of desert plant, significantly improve the survival rate of desert plant, treat that root system of plant grows up in the time of can absorbing sand bed depths moisture material and can degrade voluntarily, reach and rely on root system of plant to fix the environmental protection purpose of drift sand fully, fundamentally solve serious day by day desertification phenomenon.

Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that this sand fixation material is the inierpeneirating network structure of sodium carboxymethylcellulose Sodium Polyacrylate glycerine cross-linking agent, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 90-110 part wherein, Sodium Polyacrylate 85-115 part, glycerine 0.5-0.8 part.

Sand fixation material is the inierpeneirating network structure of sodium carboxymethylcellulose Sodium Polyacrylate glycerine cross-linking agent, and wherein sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 100 parts, 98 parts of Sodium Polyacrylates, 0.5 part of glycerine.

Sand fixation material is the inierpeneirating network structure of sodium carboxymethylcellulose Sodium Polyacrylate glycerine cross-linking agent, and wherein sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 105 parts, 107 parts of Sodium Polyacrylates, 0.6 part of glycerine.

Sand fixation material is the inierpeneirating network structure of sodium carboxymethylcellulose Sodium Polyacrylate glycerine cross-linking agent, and wherein sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 110 parts, 114 parts of Sodium Polyacrylates, 0.8 part of glycerine.

Sand fixation material is the inierpeneirating network structure of sodium carboxymethylcellulose Sodium Polyacrylate glycerine cross-linking agent, and wherein sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 98 parts, 90 parts of Sodium Polyacrylates, 0.6 part of glycerine.

A kind of preparation technology who is used for the water-retaining sand-stabilizing material of desert treatment, in acrylic acid 65-80 part, add sodium hydrate solid 20-35 part by mass parts, the distilled water that adds 100-120 part is made solution, add ammonium persulfate 0.025-0.035 part again, under nitrogen protection, polymerisation is carried out in 30-50 ℃ of stirring, makes sodium polyacrylate solution; Simultaneously, put into reactor after sodium carboxymethylcellulose 90-110 part adding distil water 600-800 part is dissolved into solution and sodium polyacrylate solution is mixed, under 60-75 ℃, add mass ratio and be 1: 2 benzoin ethyl ether and glycerol mixture 0.6-1.3 part, mixing speed 400-600r/min, and through ultra violet lamp 20-30s, uviol lamp power 150W, form inierpeneirating network structure IPN tissue, by microwave radioactivation device radiation 10-15s, microwave radioactivation device frequency 2400-2500MHZ forms the clear gel shaped polymer again, 40 orders filter, impurity is removed in washing, is cut into thick 1-1.5mm shred, sends into baking oven dry 2-3h under 150 ℃-180 ℃ again, obtain crosslinkedly, after mill is pulverized, promptly get water-retaining sand-stabilizing material.

The preparation technology who is used for the water-retaining sand-stabilizing material of desert treatment, in mass parts is to add 24 parts of sodium hydrate solids in 72 parts the acrylic acid, the distilled water that adds 100 parts is made solution, add 0.030 part of ammonium persulfate again, under nitrogen protection, polymerisation is carried out in 40 ℃ of stirrings, makes sodium polyacrylate solution;

Put into reactor after 800 parts of 100 parts of adding distil waters of sodium carboxymethylcellulose are dissolved into solution and sodium polyacrylate solution is mixed, under 60 ℃, add mass ratio and be 0.8 part of 1: 2 benzoin ethyl ether and glycerol mixture, mixing speed 400r/min, and through ultra violet lamp 20s, its power is 150W, forms inierpeneirating network structure IPN tissue, again by microwave radioactivation device radiation 15s, its frequency 2400MHZ, form the clear gel shaped polymer, 40 orders filter, and impurity is removed in washing, be cut into thick 1.5mm shred, send into baking oven again at 150 ℃ of following dry 2h, obtain crosslinkedly, after mill is pulverized, promptly get water-retaining sand-stabilizing material.

The preparation technology who is used for the water-retaining sand-stabilizing material of desert treatment, in mass parts is to add 30 parts of sodium hydrate solids in 75 parts the acrylic acid, the distilled water that adds 110 parts is made solution, add 0.028 part of ammonium persulfate again, under nitrogen protection, polymerisation is carried out in 35 ℃ of stirrings, makes sodium polyacrylate solution;

Put into reactor after 750 parts of 105 parts of adding distil waters of sodium carboxymethylcellulose are dissolved into solution and sodium polyacrylate solution is mixed, under 65 ℃, add mass ratio and be 1.0 parts of 1: 2 benzoin ethyl ether and glycerol mixtures, mixing speed 500r/min, and through ultra violet lamp 25s, its power is 150W, forms inierpeneirating network structure IPN tissue, again by microwave radioactivation device radiation 13s, its frequency 2450MHZ, form the clear gel shaped polymer, 40 orders filter, and impurity is removed in washing, be cut into thick 1.2mm shred, send into baking oven again at 160 ℃ of following dry 3h, obtain crosslinkedly, after mill is pulverized, promptly get water-retaining sand-stabilizing material.

The preparation technology who is used for the water-retaining sand-stabilizing material of desert treatment, in mass parts is to add 32 parts of sodium hydrate solids in 80 parts the acrylic acid, the distilled water that adds 120 parts is made solution, add 0.034 part of ammonium persulfate again, under nitrogen protection, polymerisation is carried out in 45 ℃ of stirrings, makes sodium polyacrylate solution;

Put into reactor after 780 parts of 110 parts of adding distil waters of sodium carboxymethylcellulose are dissolved into solution and sodium polyacrylate solution is mixed, under 75 ℃, add mass ratio and be 1.2 parts of 1: 2 benzoin ethyl ether and glycerol mixtures, mixing speed 550r/min, and through ultra violet lamp 30s, its power 150W forms inierpeneirating network structure IPN tissue, again by microwave radioactivation device radiation 14s, its frequency 2500MHZ, form the clear gel shaped polymer, 40 orders filter, and impurity is removed in washing, be cut into thick 1.5mm shred, send into baking oven again at 175 ℃ of following dry 2.5h, obtain crosslinkedly, after mill is pulverized, promptly get water-retaining sand-stabilizing material.

The preparation technology who is used for the water-retaining sand-stabilizing material of desert treatment, in mass parts is to add 22 parts of sodium hydrate solids in 66 parts the acrylic acid, the distilled water that adds 115 parts is made solution, add 0.024 part of ammonium persulfate again, under nitrogen protection, polymerisation is carried out in 44 ℃ of stirrings, makes sodium polyacrylate solution;

Put into reactor after 650 parts of 98 parts of adding distil waters of sodium carboxymethylcellulose are dissolved into solution and sodium polyacrylate solution is mixed, under 66 ℃, add mass ratio and be 1.0 parts of 1: 2 benzoin ethyl ether and glycerol mixtures, mixing speed 560r/min, and through ultra violet lamp 22s, its power 50W forms inierpeneirating network structure IPN tissue, again by microwave radioactivation device radiation 12s, its frequency 2460MHZ, form the clear gel shaped polymer, 40 orders filter, and impurity is removed in washing, be cut into thick 1.0mm shred, send into baking oven again at 170 ℃ of following dry 2.5h, obtain crosslinkedly, after mill is pulverized, promptly get water-retaining sand-stabilizing material.

It is main component that the present invention adopts the cellulose family macromolecule polymeric material, by adding multiple modifier and photosensitive modifier carries out cross-linking modified, combine with the IPN technology by the microwave activation technology, thereby obtain to have the suitable plant growing that keeps moisture, tackling quicksand double effects, and the good novel environment friendly sand control material of natural degradation.The present invention can make in the material various characteristics of different component give full play of, and effectively improves the plant survival rate, afforestation desert, thus reach the desirable effect of fundamentally administering desertification.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a process chart of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is that the present invention absorbs water 30 minutes the time water absorbent rate with the variation of temperature curve map;

Fig. 3 water and the time dependent comparison diagram of material specific retention;

Fig. 4 inhales the influence figure of number of times to water absorbent rate that discharge water repeatedly;

Fig. 5 pH value is to the figure that influences of material water absorbent rate;

Fig. 6 ionic strength is to the figure that influences of material water absorbent rate;

Fig. 7 water and material are inhaled the comparison diagram of ammonia ability.

Specific embodiment

With reference to shown in Figure 1:

Embodiment one:

Sand fixation material of the present invention is the inierpeneirating network structure of sodium carboxymethylcellulose Sodium Polyacrylate glycerine cross-linking agent, and wherein sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 100 parts, 98 parts of Sodium Polyacrylates, 0.5 part of glycerine.

Its preparation technology is as follows:

In mass parts is to add 24 parts of sodium hydrate solids in 72 parts the acrylic acid, and the distilled water that adds 100 parts is made solution, adds 0.030 part of ammonium persulfate again, and under nitrogen protection, polymerisation is carried out in 40 ℃ of stirrings, makes sodium polyacrylate solution.

Put into reactor after 800 parts of 100 parts of adding distil waters of sodium carboxymethylcellulose are dissolved into solution and sodium polyacrylate solution is mixed, under 60 ℃, add mass ratio and be 0.8 part of 1: 2 benzoin ethyl ether and glycerol mixture, mixing speed 400r/min, and through ultra violet lamp 20s, its power is 150W, forms inierpeneirating network structure IPN tissue, again by microwave radioactivation device radiation 15s, its frequency 2400MHZ, form the clear gel shaped polymer, 40 orders filter, and impurity is removed in washing, be cut into thick 1.5mm shred, send into baking oven again at 150 ℃ of following dry 2h, obtain crosslinkedly, after mill is pulverized, promptly get water-retaining sand-stabilizing material.

Embodiment two:

Sand fixation material of the present invention is the inierpeneirating network structure of sodium carboxymethylcellulose Sodium Polyacrylate glycerine cross-linking agent, and wherein sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 105 parts, 107 parts of Sodium Polyacrylates, 0.6 part of glycerine.

Its preparation technology is as follows:

In mass parts is to add 30 parts of sodium hydrate solids in 75 parts the acrylic acid, and the distilled water that adds 110 parts is made solution, adds 0.028 part of ammonium persulfate again, and under nitrogen protection, polymerisation is carried out in 35 ℃ of stirrings, makes sodium polyacrylate solution;

Put into reactor after 750 parts of 105 parts of adding distil waters of sodium carboxymethylcellulose are dissolved into solution and sodium polyacrylate solution is mixed, under 65 ℃, add mass ratio and be 1.0 parts of 1: 2 benzoin ethyl ether and glycerol mixtures, mixing speed 500r/min, and through ultra violet lamp 25s, its power is 150W, forms inierpeneirating network structure IPN tissue, again by microwave radioactivation device radiation 13s, its frequency 2450MHZ, form the clear gel shaped polymer, 40 orders filter, and impurity is removed in washing, be cut into thick 1.2mm shred, send into baking oven again at 160 ℃ of following dry 3h, obtain crosslinkedly, after mill is pulverized, promptly get water-retaining sand-stabilizing material.

Embodiment three:

Sand fixation material of the present invention is the inierpeneirating network structure of sodium carboxymethylcellulose Sodium Polyacrylate glycerine cross-linking agent, and wherein sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 110 parts, 114 parts of Sodium Polyacrylates, 0.8 part of glycerine.

Its preparation technology is as follows:

In mass parts is to add 32 parts of sodium hydrate solids in 80 parts the acrylic acid, and the distilled water that adds 120 parts is made solution, adds 0.034 part of ammonium persulfate again, and under nitrogen protection, polymerisation is carried out in 45 ℃ of stirrings, makes sodium polyacrylate solution;

Put into reactor after 780 parts of 110 parts of adding distil waters of sodium carboxymethylcellulose are dissolved into solution and sodium polyacrylate solution is mixed, under 75 ℃, add mass ratio and be 1.2 parts of 1: 2 benzoin ethyl ether and glycerol mixtures, mixing speed 550r/min, and through ultra violet lamp 30s, its power 150W forms inierpeneirating network structure IPN tissue, again by microwave radioactivation device radiation 14s, its frequency 2500MHZ, form the clear gel shaped polymer, 40 orders filter, and impurity is removed in washing, be cut into thick 1.5mm shred, send into baking oven again at 175 ℃ of following dry 2.5h, obtain crosslinkedly, after mill is pulverized, promptly get water-retaining sand-stabilizing material.

Embodiment four:

Sand fixation material of the present invention is the inierpeneirating network structure of sodium carboxymethylcellulose Sodium Polyacrylate glycerine cross-linking agent, and wherein sodium carboxymethylcellulose 98,90 parts of Sodium Polyacrylates, 0.6 part of glycerine.

Its preparation technology is as follows:

In mass parts is to add 22 parts of sodium hydrate solids in 66 parts the acrylic acid, and the distilled water that adds 115 parts is made solution, adds 0.024 part of ammonium persulfate again, and under nitrogen protection, polymerisation is carried out in 44 ℃ of stirrings, makes sodium polyacrylate solution;

Put into reactor after 650 parts of 98 parts of adding distil waters of sodium carboxymethylcellulose are dissolved into solution and sodium polyacrylate solution is mixed, under 66 ℃, add mass ratio and be 1.0 parts of 1: 2 benzoin ethyl ether and glycerol mixtures, mixing speed 560r/min, and through ultra violet lamp 22s, its power 50W forms inierpeneirating network structure IPN tissue, again by microwave radioactivation device radiation 12s, its frequency 2460MHZ, form the clear gel shaped polymer, 40 orders filter, and impurity is removed in washing, be cut into thick 1.0mm shred, send into baking oven again at 170 ℃ of following dry 2.5h, obtain crosslinkedly, after mill is pulverized, promptly get water-retaining sand-stabilizing material.

With reference to shown in Figure 2, water absorbent rate is more at each temperature during with 30min, the maximum water absorbent rate of material is between 420-480, and in the time of 40 ℃, reach the highest, be suitable for using under the hot conditions of desert area, wherein abscissa is represented temperature, unit ℃, ordinate is represented water absorbent rate, the g/g of unit.

With reference to shown in Figure 3, the moisture of material drying 80% needs 125h (about 10 days), and pure water only needs 50h (about 2 days) to get final product.After its reason is product suction, formed membranaceously at the particle surface of product, rate of drying is slowly descended, on the other hand, water absorbing agent and water form hydrogen bond, with hydropexis on macromolecular chain, the energy that evaporation consumes is big, and evaporation of water speed descends, so the material water retention property is very superior.Therefore, its good water retention property is suitable for that plant to desert area provides for a long time, stablizes, moisture content fully, improves the growing environment of desert plant, and wherein abscissa is represented the time, unit hour, and ordinate is represented specific retention, the % of unit.

With reference to shown in Figure 4, water absorbent rate increases and slowly reduces with the number of occurrence, is absorbing water repeatedly after 120 times, water absorbent rate is reduced to 390g/g by 460g/g, and performance is comparatively stable. and wherein abscissa is the number of occurrence, unit * 10 time, ordinate is represented water absorbent rate, the g/g of unit.

With reference to shown in Figure 5, be 7 o'clock in pH value, it is the highest that water absorbing capacity reaches, and is 9 o'clock in the pH value, and the water absorbent rate of material tangible water absorbing capacity reduction situation do not occur about 350g/g, abscissa pH value wherein, ordinate is represented water absorbent rate, the g/g of unit.

With reference to shown in Figure 6, material is along with salinity increases, and water absorbing capacity does not take place by significant decline, and the macromolecular material of group obviously descends along with the rising water absorbing capacity of salinity in contrast, and wherein abscissa is a salinity, the % of unit, ordinate is represented water absorbent rate, the g/g of unit.

The desertification in soil often is accompanied by salinization of soil, and common absorbent material is to high pH value and high ionic strength environment sensitive, and use can make its structure be destroyed in the salt-soda soil, loses water absorbing capacity.This material has been introduced nonionic functional group in manufacturing process, reduced its sensitiveness to pH value and high ionic strength.Test by Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and to have shown the good anti-pH value of this material and the ability of high ionic strength, suit in the salt-soda soil, to promote the use of.

With reference to shown in Figure 7, add this sand control material after, inhale ammonia can force rate not the added-time pure water inhale the ammonia ability and obviously strengthen. wherein abscissa is the time, and unit hour, ordinate are represented the free ammonium amount, the mol/ml of unit.

When using this material tackling quicksand, can effectively keep moisture, can promote the growth of root system of plant, improve the survival rate of plant, in addition, because of it has good natural degradation performance, will natural degradation in the 3-4 after use, can not cause secondary pollution to environment, the application of this material may ultimately reach and relies on root system of plant to fix the environmental protection effect of drift sand fully.

1, manufacture craft is simple, cost is lower

This material method is compared with existing method, and a remarkable advantages just is that technological process is simple, need not expensive equipment, and material cost is lower.According to business accounting, the cost of this material is approximately 0.7 yuan/square metre, far below existing sand fixation material (1.5 yuan/square metre) in market and water-keeping material (20,000-100,000/ton), also be lower than the call for bid standard of 0.8 yuan/square metre of sand fixation material cost of project request of country 863.In addition, the use of this material belongs to one-time investment, need not follow-up expenses such as manual maintenance.If compare with the direction of fixing the sand of direct serike shelter-forest, can improve the plant survival rate more than 60% after using this material, every kind of 10000 trees then can be saved about 50000 yuan of RMB.To sum up, this material can reduce greatly on the whole and fixes the sand cost, brings considerable economic benefit.

2, water conservation, sand-fixing effect are good

This material is after measuring, and water retention property can reach about 450 times of himself weight, and consolidation strength is 0.3-1MPa.

2.1 water retention property test

Water absorption rate is an important indicator of properties of product, as the material of administering the desert, should draw limited moisture-condensate water as much as possible, therefore we utilize the paper bag method to measure water absorbent rate under different temperatures: at a certain temperature, this quantitative material is put into paper bag, it is soaked in the distilled water, takes out nature at set intervals and drain weigh to anhydrous the dripping (it is heavy together to connect bag), can get the different time water absorbent rate by following formula:

Q＝(m ₂-m ₁)/m ₁

Q---water absorbent rate;

m ₂---dry mass before the suction;

m ₁---suction back quality.

Table 1 water absorbent rate is with the variation of temperature and time

Known that by table 1 about suction 30min, the material suction can reach about half of maximum water absorption, afterwards, rate of water absorption slows down.

2.2 steam test

Because the desert area day and night temperature is big, understand a large amount of steam of aggegation at night near the surface layer of desert, this also is the part that the limited moisture in desert is supplied with, material has the three-D network structure and has a large amount of ionic groups, it is non-crystal material, be extremely strong hygroscopicity macromolecule, can effectively utilize steam.

We measure hygroscopic capacity with constant volume method:

q＝ΔW _w/W _s

The q---hygroscopic capacity

Δ W _w--the reduction of moisture in the evaporimeter

W _s--dry state product dry mass

Table 2 hydroscopicity is with the variation of temperature and humidity

Known that by table 2 temperature is low more, humidity is big more, and then hydroscopicity is just high more, and in the time of 10 ℃, when humidity reached 80%, the hydroscopicity of this functional form sand control material can reach about 50%, has made full use of steam, made it not evaporate disappearance again because of temperature rise before dawn.

3, the growth of very suitable plant

3.1 inhale the ammonium ion test

Because material contains anion such as carboxyl, and in order to keep neutral, 60% carboxyl is neutralized, and only is left about 40% free acid, can absorb the weak base of enrichment ammonium ion and so on, is fabulous nitrogenous source to plant.

Measuring and inhale the ammonium ion experiment, is material with urea, decomposes to produce ammonia under the urease effect, meets water and forms ammonium ion, measures this material absorbs ammonia in urea ability with closed system.

Table 3 water and material are inhaled the comparison of ammonia ability

3.2 degradability experiment

Owing to use the final purpose of this material is in order to help the plant survival growth, reach the effect that relies on the root system of plant tackling quicksand fully, improve the desert ecological environment therefore, need material to have good natural degradation performance, material can rely on fully after root system absorbs sand bed depths moisture content and can degrade voluntarily in plant growing, can not cause secondary pollution to environment.We with research degradation model method--the time series modeling method is estimated the degraded life-span of material:

$\frac{\mathrm{dC}\left(t\right)}{\mathrm{dt}}=-\mathrm{rC}\left(t\right)---\left(1\right)$

$\frac{\mathrm{dC}\left(t\right)}{\mathrm{dt}}=-\frac{K_{1}C\left(t\right)}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="K"\; filenames="C20051004285300231.png,C20051004285300241.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout>}}_2+C\left(t\right)}---\left(2\right)$

Wherein: C (t) is that this material concentration, r are degradation rate constant, K ₁And K ₂Be the Michaelis-Ment constant.

Residual concentration when table 4 is asked pH=6.5 with calibration curve

T (d fate)	Absorbance (A)	Concentration (mg/ml)	Y value (1/ concentration)
				0.2 1 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11	0.036 0.029 0.020 0.018 0.016 0.012 0.011 0.008 0.006 0.005 0.003 0.002 0	4.1397 3.3603 2.3583 2.1356 1.9129 1.4676 1.3562 1.0222 0.7995 0.6885 0.4655 0.3542 0.1315	0.2416 0.2976 0.4240 0.4683 0.5228 0.6814 0.7374 0.9782 1.2508 1.4531 2.1482 2.8232 7.6046

Linear regression model: $C\left(t\right)=\frac{C_0}{a+(1-a)e^{\mathrm{rt}}}---\left(3\right)$

(3) formula both sides are asked reciprocal simultaneously: $\frac{1}{C\left(t\right)}=\frac{1-a}{C_0}{e}^{\mathrm{rt}}+\frac{a}{C_0}---\left(4\right)$

Make Y $\left(t\right)=\frac{1}{C\left(t\right)},$ ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="b"\; filenames="C20051004285300231.png,C20051004285300241.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">b</figure-callout>}}_1=\frac{1-a}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="C"\; filenames="C20051004285300211.png,C20051004285300221.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}}_0},$ ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="b"\; filenames="C20051004285300231.png,C20051004285300241.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">b</figure-callout>}}_2=\frac{a}{C_0}---\left(5\right)$

Then (4) formula is reduced to Y (t)=b ₁e ^Rt+ b ₂(6)

For any three couples of given observation (t ₁, Y ₁), (t ₂, Y ₂), (t ₃, Y ₃) satisfy t ₁＜t＜t ₃Can substitution $r=1n(\frac{Y_3-Y_1}{Y_2-Y_1}-1)---\left(7\right)$

$a=1-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="C"\; filenames="C20051004285300211.png,C20051004285300221.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}}_0\&times;\frac{Y_2-Y_1}{e^{r{t}_2}-e^{{\mathrm{rt}}_1}}---\left(8\right)$

With observation substitution (7), (8) formula of the 2nd, 3,4 day among the pH=6.5, obtain:

R=0.4733, a=0.7378, and C ₀=4.1397

So the material degradation equation is: $C\left(t\right)=\frac{4.1397}{0.7378+0.2622\&times;e^{0.4733t}}---\left(9\right)$

Half-life is:

3.3 toxic experiment

When using this sand control material to administer the desert, reach the purpose of environmental protection, except that need tool degradability, avirulence also is a necessary index.Its application, the animals and plants in reply desert are harmless, do not hinder their normal growth.At this index, designed the toxic experiment.We have sprayed this sand control material on sandy soil, and have planted little grass thereon, also continue 2 months time with the healthy rabbit of careless feeding, through tracing observation, do not find that rabbit has any the discomfort reaction or the phenomena of mortality.

3.4 open-air plantation test

In order to measure this material feasibility in actual applications, we open up to the desert 2 0.5 mu same area in the open air and carry out the control experiment of wild environment.We select wherein sand ground, spray sand control material thereon, and another piece does not then add any material and does the blank group.Subsequently, we have planted clover in sand ground, and have carried out 1 month tracing observation by a definite date, and the result is as follows:

The open-air plantation test of table 5

The experiment fate	Experimental group	The blank group
			3 days 5 days 10 days 15 days 30 days	Well-grown well-grown well-grown well-grown well-grown	Withered plant necrosis appears in the growth retardation of well-grown poor growth

In sum, this material technology is simple, easy construction, and cost is lower, if in the application of putting into production, can help greening environment simultaneously, improves the harsh weather of desert area.About 400 yuan/mu cost price, secondly, this material is owing to have water conservation concurrently, fix the sand double effects, also contain the required nutriment of part plant growing simultaneously, therefore can promote that plant well grows, play the effect of afforestation desert district setting, improve the ecosystem of desert area fragility, the water circulation of desert area is carried out to beneficial direction, the hope in " change oasis, desert " might be become a reality.The present invention can be used for slowing down existing desertification phenomenon, reduces sandstorm outburst frequency, can accelerate greening speed simultaneously, and safeguard the greenbelt of having planted, utilizes vegetation to reach dustproof and fixes the sand the purpose that purifies air.

Claims (10)

1, the water-retaining sand-stabilizing material that is used for desert treatment, it is characterized in that this sand fixation material is the inierpeneirating network structure of sodium carboxymethylcellulose Sodium Polyacrylate glycerine cross-linking agent, wherein by mass parts sodium carboxymethylcellulose 90-110 part, Sodium Polyacrylate 85-115 part, glycerine 0.5-0.8 part.

2, water-retaining sand-stabilizing material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that sand fixation material is the inierpeneirating network structure of sodium carboxymethylcellulose Sodium Polyacrylate glycerine cross-linking agent, wherein by 100 parts of mass parts sodium carboxymethylcelluloses, 98 parts of Sodium Polyacrylates, 0.5 part of glycerine.

3, water-retaining sand-stabilizing material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that sand fixation material is the inierpeneirating network structure of sodium carboxymethylcellulose Sodium Polyacrylate glycerine cross-linking agent, wherein by 105 parts of mass parts sodium carboxymethylcelluloses, 107 parts of Sodium Polyacrylates, 0.6 part of glycerine.

4, water-retaining sand-stabilizing material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that sand fixation material is the inierpeneirating network structure of sodium carboxymethylcellulose Sodium Polyacrylate glycerine cross-linking agent, wherein by 110 parts of mass parts sodium carboxymethylcelluloses, 114 parts of Sodium Polyacrylates, 0.8 part of glycerine.

5, water-retaining sand-stabilizing material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that sand fixation material is the inierpeneirating network structure of sodium carboxymethylcellulose Sodium Polyacrylate glycerine cross-linking agent, wherein by 98 parts of mass parts sodium carboxymethylcelluloses, 90 parts of Sodium Polyacrylates, 0.6 part of glycerine.

6, a kind of preparation technology who is used for the water-retaining sand-stabilizing material of desert treatment, it is characterized in that, in acrylic acid 65-80 part, add sodium hydrate solid 20-35 part by mass parts, the distilled water that adds 100-120 part is made solution, add ammonium persulfate 0.025-0.035 part again, under nitrogen protection, polymerisation is carried out in 30-50 ℃ of stirring, makes sodium polyacrylate solution; Simultaneously, put into reactor after sodium carboxymethylcellulose 90-110 part adding distil water 600-800 part is dissolved into solution and sodium polyacrylate solution is mixed, under 60-75 ℃, add mass ratio and be 1: 2 benzoin ethyl ether and glycerol mixture 0.6-1.3 part, mixing speed 400-600r/min, and through ultra violet lamp 20-30s, uviol lamp power 150W, form inierpeneirating network structure IPN tissue, by microwave radioactivation device radiation 10-15s, microwave radioactivation device frequency 2400-2500MHZ forms the clear gel shaped polymer again, 40 orders filter, impurity is removed in washing, is cut into thick 1-1.5mm shred, sends into baking oven dry 2-3h under 150 ℃-180 ℃ again, obtain crosslinkedly, after mill is pulverized, promptly get water-retaining sand-stabilizing material.

7, the preparation technology who is used for the water-retaining sand-stabilizing material of desert treatment according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, in mass parts is to add 24 parts of sodium hydrate solids in 72 parts the acrylic acid, the distilled water that adds 100 parts is made solution, add 0.030 part of ammonium persulfate again, under nitrogen protection, polymerisation is carried out in 40 ℃ of stirrings, makes sodium polyacrylate solution;

Put into reactor after 800 parts of 100 parts of adding distil waters of sodium carboxymethylcellulose are dissolved into solution and sodium polyacrylate solution is mixed, under 60 ℃, add mass ratio and be 0.8 part of 1: 2 benzoin ethyl ether and glycerol mixture, mixing speed 400r/min, and through ultra violet lamp 20s, its power is 150W, forms inierpeneirating network structure IPN tissue, again by microwave radioactivation device radiation 15s, its frequency 2400MHZ, form the clear gel shaped polymer, 40 orders filter, and impurity is removed in washing, be cut into thick 1.5mm shred, send into baking oven again at 150 ℃ of following dry 2h, obtain crosslinkedly, after mill is pulverized, promptly get water-retaining sand-stabilizing material.

8, the preparation technology who is used for the water-retaining sand-stabilizing material of desert treatment according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, in mass parts is to add 30 parts of sodium hydrate solids in 75 parts the acrylic acid, the distilled water that adds 110 parts is made solution, add 0.028 part of ammonium persulfate again, under nitrogen protection, polymerisation is carried out in 35 ℃ of stirrings, makes sodium polyacrylate solution;

Put into reactor after 750 parts of 105 parts of adding distil waters of sodium carboxymethylcellulose are dissolved into solution and sodium polyacrylate solution is mixed, under 65 ℃, add mass ratio and be 1.0 parts of 1: 2 benzoin ethyl ether and glycerol mixtures, mixing speed 500r/min, and through ultra violet lamp 25s, its power is 150W, forms inierpeneirating network structure IPN tissue, again by microwave radioactivation device radiation 13s, its frequency 2450MHZ, form the clear gel shaped polymer, 40 orders filter, and impurity is removed in washing, be cut into thick 1.2mm shred, send into baking oven again at 160 ℃ of following dry 3h, obtain crosslinkedly, after mill is pulverized, promptly get water-retaining sand-stabilizing material.

9, the preparation technology who is used for the water-retaining sand-stabilizing material of desert treatment according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, in mass parts is to add 32 parts of sodium hydrate solids in 80 parts the acrylic acid, the distilled water that adds 120 parts is made solution, add 0.034 part of ammonium persulfate again, under nitrogen protection, polymerisation is carried out in 45 ℃ of stirrings, makes sodium polyacrylate solution;

Put into reactor after 780 parts of 110 parts of adding distil waters of sodium carboxymethylcellulose are dissolved into solution and sodium polyacrylate solution is mixed, under 75 ℃, add mass ratio and be 1.2 parts of 1: 2 benzoin ethyl ether and glycerol mixtures, mixing speed 550r/min, and through ultra violet lamp 30s, its power 150W forms inierpeneirating network structure IPN tissue, again by microwave radioactivation device radiation 14s, its frequency 2500MHZ, form the clear gel shaped polymer, 40 orders filter, and impurity is removed in washing, be cut into thick 1.5mm shred, send into baking oven again at 175 ℃ of following dry 2.5h, obtain crosslinkedly, after mill is pulverized, promptly get water-retaining sand-stabilizing material.

10, the preparation technology who is used for the water-retaining sand-stabilizing material of desert treatment according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, in mass parts is to add 22 parts of sodium hydrate solids in 66 parts the acrylic acid, the distilled water that adds 115 parts is made solution, add 0.024 part of ammonium persulfate again, under nitrogen protection, polymerisation is carried out in 44 ℃ of stirrings, makes sodium polyacrylate solution;

Put into reactor after 650 parts of 98 parts of adding distil waters of sodium carboxymethylcellulose are dissolved into solution and sodium polyacrylate solution is mixed, under 66 ℃, add mass ratio and be 1.0 parts of 1: 2 benzoin ethyl ether and glycerol mixtures, mixing speed 560r/min, and through ultra violet lamp 22s, its power 50W forms inierpeneirating network structure IPN tissue, again by microwave radioactivation device radiation 12s, its frequency 2460MHZ, form the clear gel shaped polymer, 40 orders filter, and impurity is removed in washing, be cut into thick 1.0mm shred, send into baking oven again at 170 ℃ of following dry 2.5h, obtain crosslinkedly, after mill is pulverized, promptly get water-retaining sand-stabilizing material.

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