The polyalcohol cement basis sand fixation material
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of compound material, relate to a kind of organic-inorganic chemical sand fixing material that is mainly used in desertification control specifically.
Background technology
Machinery fixes the sand system, plant (biology), and to fix the sand system, chemical sand-fixing system be three to fix the sand system greatly now.Wherein, machinery fixes the sand can only be as a kind of provisional, complementary means of fixing the sand, the sand consolidation with biologic technology is the most general technology in the present desertification control, it also is a kind of best sand-fixation method of putting things right once and for all, but the fundamental that is difficult to provide plant to depend on for existence because of abominable physical environment makes trees surviving rate the highest also only about 30%, produce little effect some places even not even a blade of grass grows.But the chemical sand-fixing mechanized construction, simple fast, particularly be suitable for lacking the engineering sand fixation material and environment is abominable, rainfall is rare, the area that is difficult for using the sand consolidation with biologic technology.Mainly contain grout, water glass, petroleum products class and polymkeric substance super absorbent resin lipid four big class chemical sand fixing materials at present, some other sand fixation material is also arranged certainly, as utilize industrial waste such as plastic waste, the dissolvings such as (processing wastes of cottonseed oil pressing factory) of gossypol resin or emulsification modification to prepare sand fixation material, also have based on industrial wine lees liquor, spent pulping liquor or straw pulp black liquor, add the formulated sand fixation material of various additives, but all only be in the laboratory study stage, fail to be widely used in outdoor desertification control.
Grout is used to fix the sand only to have utilized it to be sprayed at the covering effect after the condensation cure on the Shamian Island.Present stage, main modified method both domestic and external was with the cement super-refinement, can improve perviousness by a relatively large margin, improved early strength and slurries stability.But because of after grout is sprayed on the Shamian Island, moisture evaporation is fast, and the hydrated product amount of generation is few, and the bonding course of formation is very thin and intensity is very low.Simultaneously the cement gel body is a hard brittle material, drying shrinkage very easily takes place, chap, loses and fix the sand and the effect of water conservation, so present stage uses grout to fix the sand seldom separately.
The water glass sand fixation material have owing to strong basicity and stronger thixotropy make constructional difficulties, though have easily spray construction, need two-shot grouting, gel time is uncontrollable, the gelling that has is inhomogeneous, what have has toxicity, the consolidation strength again that has is not high.
Petroleum products class sand-fixation agent is the desert fixedly, when keeping desert moisture, can absorb solar heat, play the function of sand ground heating agent, improve the surviving rate of plant, though its raw material sources are extensive, cost is higher, and the petroleum products ageing resistance is poor, consolidation strength is not high, stability is also bad, can only the fixed time in 2~3 years of Shamian Island.
Consolidation strength is higher, water absorbing and retaining properties good owing to having for polymkeric substance super absorbent resin lipid sand fixation material, water-tolerant, curing is rapid, cohesiveness good, the characteristics such as good elasticity and high-temperature stability that also have that have become one of research focus of current chemical sand fixing material.But this type of macromolecule chemical material has again, and ageing resistance is poor, cost height, poisonous and limited its application greatly.
Summary of the invention
Subject matter at above sand fixation material existence, the purpose of this invention is to provide that a kind of high-strength, water-absorbing-retaining performance is good, water tolerance, freeze-thaw-stability, weathering quality and weather resisteant be good, free from environmental pollution, with low cost, effect is lasting, nontoxic polyalcohol cement basis sand fixation material.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
The polyalcohol cement basis sand fixation material, its composition and weight proportion are: cement 1, husky 5~10, water 0.5~1, cationic emulsified bitumen are 0.03~0.1, sodium polyacrylate High hydrophilous resin 0.02~0.1, stir after the weighing in proportion, spray is shone in the desert.
Described cement is: 32.5,42.5,52.5 ordinary portland cements or silicate cement or slag cement or pulverized fuel ash cement.
Described sand can be: the sand in the desert.
The composition of described cationic emulsified bitumen and physical and mechanical property are shown in table 1~2:
The composition of table 1 emulsified bitumen, performance
Composition/% | Outward appearance | Polarity | Residual volume/% on the sieve | Particle diameter/μ m |
Ezhou Ke Shi cationic water pitch 70# emulsifying agent | Dark brown | Both sexes are sun partially | ?????0.4 | ????<5 |
???61???????0.4????38.6 |
Table 2 emulsified bitumen evaporation of residual asphalt performance
25 ℃ of penetration degrees, 100g (1/10mm) | 25 ℃ of extensibilities (cm) | Softening temperature (℃) |
??????????73 | ??????????56 | ???????50 |
Described sodium polyacrylate High hydrophilous resin performance is as follows:
1. water absorbent rate (the 1g super absorbent resin is statically placed in the 1000mL distilled water, the saturated water adsorptive value after 3 hours) is 600 ~ 700g/g.
2. (the sodium polyacrylate super absorbent resin that will fully absorb water after filtering places 60 ℃ of baking ovens to water retention, ventilation constant temperature, take out weighing once every 24h, until complete drying, the quality of measuring and the ratio of initial quality): the 24h water retention is 〉=80%, and the 48h water retention is 〉=65%, and the 72h water retention is 〉=55%, the 96h water retention is 〉=45%, and the 120h water retention is 〉=40%.
3. water-soluble: take by weighing super absorbent resin 1g and place 1000mL distilled water, leave standstill 48h after, after super absorbent resin and the aqueous solution filtered, the relative viscosity of measuring filtrate was 1.8~2.1.
Compare with existing chemical sand-fixing technology, composition of the present invention is different, existing sand fixation material or inorganics such as grout, water glass sand fixation material etc., or organism, as polymkeric substance super absorbent resin lipid etc., and sand fixation material of the present invention is an organic-inorganic composite material.Difference just because of forming makes it than prior art more superior technique effect be arranged.Be used to fix the sand only to have utilized it to be sprayed at the covering effect after the condensation cure on the Shamian Island as grout; The water glass sand fixation material have owing to strong basicity and stronger thixotropy make constructional difficulties, though have easily spray construction, need two-shot grouting, gel time is uncontrollable, the gelling that has is inhomogeneous, what have has toxicity, the consolidation strength again that has is not high; Petroleum products class sand-fixation agent is the desert fixedly, when keeping desert moisture, can absorb solar heat, play the function of sand ground heating agent, improve the surviving rate of plant, but cost is higher, the petroleum products ageing resistance is poor, and consolidation strength is not high, stability is also bad, can only the fixed time in 2~3 years of Shamian Island; Ageing resistance is poor, cost height, poisonous though advantages such as consolidation strength is higher, water absorbing and retaining properties good, water-tolerant, curing is rapid, cohesiveness is good that polymkeric substance super absorbent resin lipid sand fixation material has, this type of macromolecule chemical material have again.And the present invention is base material with the sand-cement slurry, mix the black insulation, the cationic emulsified bitumen of water-absorbing-retaining effect and High hydrophilous resin carry out modification, adopt a kind of polyalcohol cement basis sand fixation material that contains organic inorganic component of material compounding technology synthetic, existing mineral-type materials, the advantage of organic class material, overcome mineral-type materials by the stack synergistic effect again, the shortcoming of organic class material, have high-strength, the water-absorbing-retaining performance is good, good endurance, freeze-thaw-stability, weathering quality and weather resisteant are good, free from environmental pollution, with low cost, effect is lasting, nontoxic characteristics.
The product that utilizes present technique to produce can reach following technical indicator:
Mechanical property: 28d ultimate compression strength 6 ~ 12MPa.
24h water-intake rate: 7% ~ 15%.
60 ℃ of 24h moisture evaporation rates: 3% ~ 7%.
Resistance to deterioration: residue ultimate compression strength 3-9MPa behind the UV-irradiation 300h, mass loss rate is less than 3%.
Frost resistance: after carrying out 14 freeze-thaw cycle between-20 ℃ and 20 ℃, residual intensity 3-9MPa, mass loss rate is less than 3%.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: adopt 1 part of 32.5 ordinary portland cement, husky 6 parts of desert, 0.05 part of cationic emulsified bitumen, 0.03 part of sodium polyacrylate High hydrophilous resin, 1 part in water, in proportion after the weighing in concrete mixer mix even, be sprayed at sand, the surface, mound that to fix the sand, form thickness and be 3 ~ 6mm polymkeric substance and fix the sand layer.
Embodiment 2: with 42.5 ordinary portland cements or 1 part of 52.5 ordinary portland cement, husky 8 parts, 0.1 part of cationic emulsified bitumen, 0.1 part of sodium polyacrylate High hydrophilous resin, 1 part in water, in proportion after the weighing in concrete mixer mix even, be sprayed at sand, the surface, mound that to fix the sand, form thickness and be 3 ~ 6mm polymkeric substance and fix the sand layer.
Embodiment 3: with 1 part of silicate cement, 5 parts in sand, 0.08 part of cationic emulsified bitumen, 0.08 part of sodium polyacrylate High hydrophilous resin, 0.5 part in water, in proportion after the weighing in concrete mixer mix even, be sprayed at sand, the surface, mound that to fix the sand, form thickness and be 3 ~ 6mm polymkeric substance and fix the sand layer.
Embodiment 4: with 1 part of slag cement, husky 8 parts of desert, 0.03 part of cationic emulsified bitumen, 0.02 part of sodium polyacrylate High hydrophilous resin, 0.5 part in water, in proportion after the weighing in concrete mixer mix even, be sprayed at sand, the surface, mound that to fix the sand, form thickness and be 3 ~ 6mm polymkeric substance and fix the sand layer.
Embodiment 5: with 1 part of pulverized fuel ash cement, 8 parts in sand, 0.05 part of cationic emulsified bitumen, 0.05 part of sodium polyacrylate High hydrophilous resin, 0.8 part in water, in proportion after the weighing in concrete mixer mix even, be sprayed at sand, the surface, mound that to fix the sand, form thickness and be 3 ~ 6mm polymkeric substance and fix the sand layer.