CN105754049A - Water-retaining agent containing turf and used for agriculture and forestry and preparation method of water-retaining agent - Google Patents
Water-retaining agent containing turf and used for agriculture and forestry and preparation method of water-retaining agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN105754049A CN105754049A CN201610182152.7A CN201610182152A CN105754049A CN 105754049 A CN105754049 A CN 105754049A CN 201610182152 A CN201610182152 A CN 201610182152A CN 105754049 A CN105754049 A CN 105754049A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F289/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to macromolecular compounds not provided for in groups C08F251/00 - C08F287/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F251/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
- C09K17/18—Prepolymers; Macromolecular compounds
- C09K17/32—Prepolymers; Macromolecular compounds of natural origin, e.g. cellulosic materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a water-retaining agent containing turf and used for agriculture and forestry. The water-retaining agent is prepared from following raw materials in percentage by weight through polymerization: 10%-90% of turf, 5%-50% of polymer monomers, 2%-10% of starch, 0.01%-0.5% of a cross-linking agent and 0.05%-0.5% of an initiator. The turf is used as the main raw material for synthesis of the water-retaining agent, so that the raw material price is low, and the cost of the water-retaining agent containing the turf can be reduced to the minimum, unparalleled internal and external conditions for market occupation and competitive advantage enhancement are provided, and very high economic risk resistance is provided for enterprises.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture and forestry means of production preparation field, be specifically related to a kind of peat agricultural water-loss reducer and preparation thereof
Method.
Background technology
Water-loss reducer is a kind of organic high molecular polymer with three-dimensional net structure.When water-loss reducer contacts with hydrone
Time, it is possible to absorb hydrone by the hydrogen bond formed between himself hydrophilic functional group and hydrone and enter its network structure
Internal.This water being absorbed within water-loss reducer can not be removed by the method for extruding.Thus, when water-loss reducer is applied to soil
Time middle, it is possible to rainwater, pouring or dripping irrigation water are absorbed rapidly and the not permeable mistake in the portion that is held within, and then root system of plant institute can be ensured
Place's ambient moisture is sufficient, promotes growth and development of plants.Due to the distinctive water suction of water-loss reducer, water storage and the performance of water conservation, it is in agriculture
Industry plantation, afforestation, improve the ecological environment, water and soil conservation, soil desertification treatment and the field such as check winds and fix drifting sand show extensively
Wealthy prospect.But, from the point of view of the practical situations in the field such as agricultural planting and afforestation, existing water-loss reducer on market
There are serious problems.It is listed below: (1) mechanical strength is low, is easily broken in application.(2) Salt And Alkali Tolerance ability,
In soil, water absorbent rate is the lowest.(3) repeat water absorbing capacity very poor, repeat just to lose water-absorbing-retaining energy after suction discharges water several times
Power.(4) soil property acidifying is easily caused.(5) soil compaction is easily caused.(6) expensive, the generally market price of this type of water-loss reducer exists
More than 28000 yuan/ton, it is impossible to as the basic agricultural means of production.(7) performance is single.(8) crop normally it is applied to peasant
The poor compatibility of azophoska.
In sum, due to the particularity of agricultural water-loss reducer, in the urgent need to the deficiency for existing agricultural water-loss reducer with scarce
Fall into, develop a kind of that be applicable to crops and forest, there is drought-relief, promote plant growth, improve crop trace element
The various features such as absorption efficiency, and the agricultural water-loss reducer product that production cost is relatively low.
At present, on market, existing water-loss reducer is no matter from performance or in price, all cannot meet agricultural and gardens industry
Requirement.This predicament continue for time more than ten years in China, and does not has the sign improved.These problems are badly in need of scientific research people
Member opens up technically and reforms.From the point of view of agricultural water-loss reducer the most in the market, its deficiency is mainly ascribable to
Some:
(1) agricultural water-loss reducer selling price is typically at 25000-36000 yuan/ton at present, and by 5 kg/ mu gauge, its cost is
125-180 unit/mu.Price is higher, and agriculture, herdsman cannot bear.
(2) being limited due to state-of-the art, the raw material of overwhelming majority producers produced agricultural water-loss reducer is also not suitable for
Soil is directly used.Through often resulting in soil property acidifying, soil compaction after using, the gas permeability of soil is deteriorated, makes the crop root cannot
Eupnea, ultimately results in water-loss reducer and plays adverse consequences.
(3) feedstock property selected by existing agricultural water-loss reducers producer, its product anti-salt property is poor, so that
Repetition water absorbing capacity in soil is low.
(4) raw material selected by existing agricultural water-loss reducers producer, most products are not only planted without any promotion
Thing absorbs the ability of growth desired nutritional element, and incompatible with the chemical fertilizer used.
(5) problem of the feedstock property selected by agricultural water-loss reducer in the market, its mechanical strength is the lowest,
Soil is easily broken.
Peat be earth's surface distribution a kind of mineral resources, be through being formed in thousand of years atmospheric swamp ground product (also known as
For the peat composed of rotten mosses or mud coal), it is the coal that degree of coalification is minimum, is the most original state of coal.It is generally formed in the Quaternary Period, and the modern times are still
Slowly can be supplemented by nature.The main source of peat is peat moss or bog moss.Peat has aseptic, nontoxic, without dirty
Dye, light weight, loose, ventilative water permeability is good and the characteristic such as water holding fertilizer conservation.Peat is conducive to microbial activities, it is possible to strengthen biological
Can, and nutritious, it is cultivation matrix, is again good soil mediator agent.Peat is a kind of low-down business of inherent value
Product, only are processed transforming to it it just can be made to rise in value.Humic acid in peat content is often 10～30%, high person up to 70% with
On.Humic acid is nutriment important in soil, has carboxyl, phenolic hydroxyl group, alcoholic extract hydroxyl group, quinonyl, methoxy in its molecular structure
Trace elements various in soil are had stronger complexing power and higher absorption by base, amino, carbonyl isoreactivity functional group
Ability, have stimulate growth and development of plants, increase crop resistance, improve soil aggregate and regulation plant nutrient situation
Effect.The physics and chemistry special due to humic acid and biologically active, it is made into various forms of liquid fertilizer, composite fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer,
And it is widely used in agricultural, horticultural field, all achieve good ecological effect and environmental effect.The whole world has 426,400,000,000 tons
Peat, 85% is distributed in the higher warm frigid zone of latitude moistens and grassland climate district.China is the state that mud and charcoal is abundant in the world
One of family, proved reserves are up to more than 4,600,000,000 tons.The extremely frigid zones of Northeast China and southwest plateau has dividing of a lot of high located peat
Cloth, in Central China, North China, northeast, the low lying areas in southwest then have the distribution of a large amount of fen peat.
Summary of the invention
For problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of peat agricultural water-loss reducer and preparation method thereof.
For realizing the purpose of the present invention, the invention provides techniques below scheme:
A kind of peat agricultural water-loss reducer, raw material includes peat, high polymer monomer, starch, crosslinking agent and initiator, above raw material
Polymerization becomes peat agricultural water-loss reducer, and the percentage by weight of described raw material is: peat 10-90%；High polymer monomer 5-50%；Form sediment
Powder 2-10%；Crosslinking agent 0.01-0.5%；Initiator 0.05-0.5%.
Described high polymer monomer is acrylamide and acrylic acid mixture, and acrylic acid is for be neutralized to degree of neutralization with aqueous slkali
Acrylates solution for 60-80%.
Described aqueous slkali is any one of potassium hydroxide solution, sodium hydroxide solution and concentrated ammonia solution.
Described aqueous slkali is the potassium hydroxide solution of mass percent concentration 20-40%, mass percent concentration 20-40% hydrogen
Any one of sodium hydroxide solution and concentrated ammonia solution that volumetric concentration is 20-30%.
Described peat is the porous fillers with reactivity.
Described crosslinking agent is N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide.
Described initiator is any one of ammonium persulfate or potassium peroxydisulfate.
The preparation method of a kind of peat agricultural water-loss reducer, comprises the following steps: a, add 100 weights in reaction vessel
Amount part water, 2 ~ 25 parts by weight propylene acid amides and 2 ~ 25 parts by weight of acrylic acid, be at room temperature sufficiently stirred for 0.5 hour；B, by mud
Charcoal is at 70-90oBeing dried under C, put into by dried peat in pulverizer and pulverize, the peat after pulverizing crosses standard screen, obtains
Peat dust；The peat dust that step b of c, the starch weighing 2-20 weight portion and 10-90 weight portion obtains, by starch and peat dust
Add to reaction vessel continues stirring, fully dispersed uniformly；D, adding the aqueous slkali of a certain amount of concentration, regulation acrylic acid neutralizes
Degree, to 60～80%, controls temperature less than 40oC；E, addition 0.01～0.50 parts by weight of crosslinking agent and 0.05～0.50 weight portion
Initiator, stirs 5-10 minute；F, reactant liquor is risen high-temperature to 70～80oC reacts, and temperature control is less than 80oC；Reaction 1-
Within 2 hours, stop reaction to when forming viscous gel shape product；G, it is cooled to room temperature, takes out product, be cut into small pieces, be dried, use powder
The peat agricultural water-loss reducer obtaining different-grain diameter pulverized by broken machine.
It is 100-200 mesh sieve that described peat crosses standard screen.
It is an advantage of the current invention that:
1, using peat is that primary raw material synthesizes water-loss reducer, determines it and will have cheap cost of material, peat can be made to protect
The cost of aqua is preferably minimized, and provides incomparable inherence and external condition, also for enterprise for occuping market, strengthening competitive advantage
Industry provides extremely strong anti-economic risk ability.
2, the present invention chooses peat is primary raw material, and in peat, contained humic acid can be with high polymer monomer acrylic acid/propylene
Acid amides copolymerization, is finally obtained a kind of to using crops and forest has targetedly, the agricultural water conservation of high humic acid content
Agent.The water-loss reducer of the present invention is constituted the main body of the three-dimensional net structure of water-loss reducer molecule, mud with humic acid in peat and macromolecule
Charcoal as a kind of respond activity porous fillers be introduced into water-loss reducer intramolecule make water-loss reducer have high mechanical properties,
The several functions such as diversified hydrophilic radical.N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide is as crosslinking agent so that the three dimensional network of water-loss reducer
Lattice size has adjustable characteristic, is conducive to preparing the agricultural water-loss reducer being appropriate to local soil texture.The peat of the present invention
Agricultural water-loss reducer surface texture had both had ionic hydrophilic group group COOH, COO-, there is again the parent of multiple nonionic
Water base NH2, NH-CO, COO and OH, the most also there is in humic acid and peat insoluble composition (wooden
Element, cellulose) architectural feature, there is the feature of amorphous state.The structure of the water-loss reducer of the present invention exists following three kinds have
Be beneficial to improve the factor of its water absorbing properties: the 1. variation of hydrophilic radical, it is ensured that water-loss reducer have higher water absorbent rate and
While rate of water absorption, it may have stronger electrolyte-resistant ability.2. humic acid in peat molecule conduct in water-loss reducer molecule
The main body of three-dimensional net structure, is provided with bigger Swelling Capacity than the macromolecule network of traditional water-loss reducer.3. the wood in peat
Quality and cellulose greatly improve the mechanical strength of water-loss reducer as the filler of water-loss reducer.When the humic acid in peat is joined
After copolyreaction, the peat lignin stayed and cellulose have the feature of high-specific surface area and 3-D solid structure, special
It is not suitable as the filler of agricultural water-loss reducer.4. the three-dimensional porous structure of peat substantially increases the specific surface of water-loss reducer particle
It is long-pending, so that the rate of water absorption of water-loss reducer is greatly improved.Therefore, the peat agricultural water-loss reducer of the present invention has suction
The feature that water multiplying power is high, rate of water absorption is fast, electrolyte-resistant ability is strong, mechanical strength is high.
3, peat content superelevation (may be up to 90%) in patent of the present invention, and humic acid contained by it is as water-loss reducer molecule
Agent structure, when being applied in soil, humic acid not easily runs off, and can progressively be dispersed in soil along with the natural degradation of water-loss reducer
In, play the effect of sustained release.Due to peat content superelevation, the water-loss reducer product cost price described in this patent is the cheapest (can
Low reach 5000 yuan/ton), similar and similar products in industry, it is especially suitable for agriculture, herdsman and uses when daily cultivating.
4, water suction (solution) multiplying power of serial peat water-loss reducer of present invention synthesis: to deionized water water absorbent rate 550～
750 g/g；To running water water absorbent rate 200～400 g/g；NaCl solution liquid absorbency rate 90～210 g/ to concentration 0.9%
g；Urea liquid liquid absorbency rate to concentration is 0.5%: 800～950 g/g.The time reaching 50% saturated water adsorptive value is 1 ~ 2 point
Clock.The time reaching saturated water adsorptive value is 5 ~ 25 minutes.When type variable is 80%, after water-loss reducer water absorption and swelling, maximum can bear 5
~ 6 MPa pressure.Peat water-loss reducer synthesized by the present invention has good repetition water absorbing properties simultaneously, repeats to absorb water after 20 times,
Remain to reach the 50% of water absorption for the first time.In this patent, the water absorbing capacity of water-loss reducer based on peat has reached even to surpass
Get over the water absorbing capacity that conventional acrylic/acrylamide synthesis is water-loss reducer.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate in greater detail the present invention, be given and following prepare example.But the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
(1) in reaction vessel, add 1000 g water, 60 g acrylamides and 100 g acrylic acid, be at room temperature sufficiently stirred for 0.5
Hour；
(2) by peat at 70-90oIt is dried under C, dried peat is put in pulverizer and pulverize, the peat mistake after pulverizing
120 mesh standard sieves, obtain peat dust；
(3) in reaction vessel, add 50 g starch and 500 g peat dusts, be stirred well to peat dust and starch in the solution
It is uniformly dispersed；
(4) adding the potassium hydroxide solution that a certain amount of concentration is 30.00%, regulation acrylic acid degree of neutralization, to 60～80%, is strictly controlled
Temperature processed, may not exceed 40oC；
(5) add 2 g N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide and 2 g ammonium persulfates, stir 5-10 minute；
(6) reactant liquor is risen high-temperature to 70～80oC reacts, strict temperature control, may not exceed 80oC.React 1-2 hour extremely
Reaction is stopped when forming viscous gel shape product；
(7) take out product, be cooled to room temperature, be cut into small pieces, be dried, pulverize the peat agricultural use obtaining embodiment 1 with pulverizer
Water-loss reducer.
Embodiment 2
(1) in reaction vessel, add 1000 g water, 50 g acrylamides and 200 g acrylic acid, be at room temperature sufficiently stirred for 0.5
Hour；
(2) by peat at 70-90oIt is dried under C, dried peat is put in pulverizer and pulverize, the peat mistake after pulverizing
150 mesh standard sieves, obtain peat dust；
(3) in reaction vessel, add 20 g starch and 600 g peat dusts, be stirred well to peat dust and starch in the solution
It is uniformly dispersed；
(4) adding the ammonia spirit that a certain amount of concentration is 30.00%, regulation acrylic acid degree of neutralization, to 60～80%, strictly controls temperature
Degree, may not exceed 40oC；
(5) add 2 g N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide and 3 g ammonium persulfates, stir 5-10 minute；
(6) reactant liquor is risen high-temperature to 70～80oC reacts, strict temperature control, may not exceed 80oC.React 1-2 hour extremely
Reaction is stopped when forming viscous gel shape product；
(7) take out product, be cooled to room temperature, be cut into small pieces, be dried, pulverize the peat agricultural use obtaining embodiment 2 with pulverizer
Water-loss reducer.
Water-loss reducer embodiment 1 prepared and common water-loss reducer carry out Experimental Comparison test, and contrast content and result are as follows:
| Electrolyte solution | Common water-loss reducer absorbs water when concentration of electrolyte solutions is 0.05 mol/L ratio (E%) | Peat agricultural water-loss reducer absorbs water when concentration of electrolyte solutions is 0.05 mol/L concentration ratio (E1%) | E1/E |
| NaCl | 21 | 32 | 1.52 |
| KCl | 22 | 31 | 1.41 |
| NH4Cl | 20 | 29 | 1.45 |
| CaCl2 | 3 | 13 | 4.33 |
| MgCl2 | 2 | 18 | 9.00 |
| FeCl3 | 1 | 12 | 12.00 |
In table, data show, peat agricultural water-loss reducer shows preferable salt tolerance compared with common water-loss reducer.Especially when connecing
When touching in high valency electrolytes solution, peat agricultural water-loss reducer has embodied the ability of the most excellent resistance to dielectric solution.When executing
Time in soil environment, peat agricultural water-loss reducer will be better able to the electrolyte environment of adapted soil middle and high concentration.
Table 2. embodiment 1 peat agricultural water-loss reducer absorbs water in different pH value electrolyte solutions from common water-loss reducer ratio
Contrast
| PH value | Common water-loss reducer water absorbent rate (Q) in electrolyte solution | Peat agricultural water-loss reducer water absorbent rate (Q1) in electrolyte solution | Q1/Q |
| 1 | 4 | 8 | 2.00 |
| 2 | 6 | 25 | 4.17 |
| 3 | 40 | 45 | 1.13 |
| 4 | 76 | 130 | 1.71 |
| 5 | 83 | 229 | 2.76 |
| 6 | 82 | 341 | 4.16 |
| 7 | 82 | 401 | 4.89 |
| 8 | 193 | 419 | 2.17 |
| 9 | 321 | 420 | 1.31 |
| 10 | 330 | 398 | 1.21 |
| 11 | 251 | 370 | 1.47 |
| 12 | 106 | 321 | 3.03 |
In table, data show, peat agricultural water-loss reducer embodies more preferable resistance to acids and bases than common water-loss reducer.With common water-loss reducer
Comparing, peat agricultural water-loss reducer not only all shows higher water absorbent rate when pH value 1 ~ 12, and from pH be 4 ~ 12 wide
At a relatively high water absorbing capacity is all shown in interval.This has embodied the ability of the excellent acid and alkali-resistance of peat agricultural water-loss reducer.
The gel mechanical strength of peat agricultural water-loss reducer during table 3. peat content difference
| Peat concentration (%) in the product | Gel mechanical strength (MPa) * of peat agricultural water-loss reducer |
| 0 | 1.08 |
| 10 | 1.36 |
| 20 | 2.63 |
| 30 | 4.49 |
| 40 | 6.07 |
| 50 | 6.35 |
| 60 | 5.98 |
| 70 | 5.76 |
| 80 | 5.38 |
| 90 | 4.08 |
* peat agricultural water conservation formulation variable is 80%.
In table, data show, peat agricultural water-loss reducer its gel mechanical strength when peat content is 50% reaches the highest；Contain
Amount higher than 50% time, gel mechanical strength is declined slightly, but still be significantly larger than without peat common water-loss reducer.
The above, the only present invention preferably detailed description of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any those of ordinary skill in the art in the technical scope that the invention discloses, the change that can readily occur in or replacement, all answer
Contain within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. a peat agricultural water-loss reducer, raw material includes peat, high polymer monomer, starch, crosslinking agent and initiator, above former
Material polymerization becomes peat agricultural water-loss reducer, and the percentage by weight of described raw material is: peat 10-90%；High polymer monomer 5-50%；
Starch 2-10%；Crosslinking agent 0.01-0.5%；Initiator 0.05-0.5%.
Peat agricultural water-loss reducer the most according to claim 1, described high polymer monomer is acrylamide and acrylic acid
Mixture, acrylic acid is to be neutralized to, with aqueous slkali, the acrylates solution that degree of neutralization is 60-80%.
Peat agricultural water-loss reducer the most according to claim 2, described aqueous slkali is that potassium hydroxide solution, NaOH are molten
Any one of liquid and concentrated ammonia solution.
Peat agricultural water-loss reducer the most according to claim 3, described aqueous slkali is mass percent concentration 20-40%'s
Potassium hydroxide solution, mass percent concentration 20-40% sodium hydroxide solution and concentrated ammonia solution that volumetric concentration is 20-30%
Any one.
Peat agricultural water-loss reducer the most according to claim 1, described peat is the porous fillers with reactivity.
Peat agricultural water-loss reducer the most according to claim 1, described crosslinking agent is N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide.
Peat agricultural water-loss reducer the most according to claim 1, described initiator is appointing of ammonium persulfate or potassium peroxydisulfate
A kind of.
8. a preparation method for the peat agricultural water-loss reducer as described in claim 1-7, comprises the following steps: a, to reaction
Container adds 100 weight parts waters, 2 ~ 25 parts by weight propylene acid amides and 2 ~ 25 parts by weight of acrylic acid, the most fully stirs
Mix 0.5 hour；B, by peat at 70-90oIt is dried under C, dried peat is put in pulverizer and pulverize, the mud after pulverizing
Charcoal crosses standard screen, obtains peat dust；The peat that step b of c, the starch weighing 2-20 weight portion and 10-90 weight portion obtains
Powder, adds starch and peat dust and continues stirring to reaction vessel, fully dispersed uniformly；D, the alkali adding a certain amount of concentration are molten
Liquid, regulation acrylic acid degree of neutralization, to 60～80%, controls temperature less than 40oC；E, add 0.01～0.50 parts by weight of crosslinking agent and
0.05～0.50 weight portion initiator, stirs 5-10 minute；F, reactant liquor is risen high-temperature to 70～80oC reacts, control
Temperature is less than 80oC；React 1-2 hour and stop reaction to when forming viscous gel shape product；G, it is cooled to room temperature, takes out product,
It is cut into small pieces, is dried, pulverize the peat agricultural water-loss reducer obtaining different-grain diameter with pulverizer.
The preparation method of peat agricultural water-loss reducer the most according to claim 8, it is 100-200 that described peat crosses standard screen
Mesh sieve.
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| CN106212232A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-12-14 | 石鸿娟 | A kind of cultivation matrix water conservation wetting agent and using method thereof |
| CN106280186A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2017-01-04 | 皖西学院 | A kind of method preparing farming specialty nourishing water-loss reducer for raw material with rape stalk |
| CN110437843A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-12 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | A kind of preparation method of oil shale semi-coke base compound water retaining agent |
| CN110437843B (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2021-12-31 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Preparation method of oil shale semicoke-based composite water-retaining agent |
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