CN100347535C - System for measuring force-electricity coupling loading and three-dimensional whole field deformation - Google Patents
System for measuring force-electricity coupling loading and three-dimensional whole field deformation Download PDFInfo
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- CN100347535C CN100347535C CNB2006101131138A CN200610113113A CN100347535C CN 100347535 C CN100347535 C CN 100347535C CN B2006101131138 A CNB2006101131138 A CN B2006101131138A CN 200610113113 A CN200610113113 A CN 200610113113A CN 100347535 C CN100347535 C CN 100347535C
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Abstract
The invention relates to a force-electric couple loading-three-dimension globe deformation testing system, wherein it provides a loader for functioning force-electric coupled load on the piezoelectric iron material and three-dimension deformation testing system; the invention can combines the force-electric coupled loader and three-dimension multifunctional interference system on one testing table; when meeting the demands of optical test, it can supply force load, electric load and force-electric coupled load; and it can process three-dimension test of the deformation test of moire interference surface and Michelson interference surface, to realize 180degree distortion of iron electric ceramic material, and high-resolution real-time displacement test at u, v, w displace fields at 90degree distortion of surface or out of surface. The invention has simple application and compact structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of charger and measurement system for three-dimensional deformation that the piezoelectricity ferro material is applied power load, electric load, power electric coupling load.Belong to structural deformation and Experiments of Machanics technical field.
Background technology
For the piezoelectricity ferro material, owing to the coupling performance of aspects such as its special piezoelectricity and dielectric properties and associated electromechanics, thermoelectricity is widely used in the various information function element.Not only security and the reliability for the informational function device is most important to the research of the thin sight failure mechanism of piezoelectricity ferro material under the complex load effect, and the research of mesomechanics and material science is also had important science and using value.For solving the experimental study problem of the mechanical characteristic of piezoelectricity ferro material under complicated power electric coupling loading, the researchist is mainly by two kinds of load deflection experiments of measuring schemes of design.A kind of is that high-voltage power supply electricity loads the realizable force electric coupling loading that combines with the testing machine mechanical load, electrical measuring method is carried out deformation measurement, (Seungbae Park and Chin-The Sun such as Seungbae Park, Fracture Criteria for Piezoelectric Ceramics, J.Am.Ceram.Soc.78 (6) (1995), 1475-1480), adopt MTS testing machine and high-voltage power supply electricity to load to combine exactly and studied the destruction characteristic of I type crackle.This method is fairly simple, but adopt experimental machine to experimentize and inconvenience for subsized specimen or the lower test specimen of fracture strength, in addition owing to used electrical measuring method to carry out deformation measurement, can only measure average displacement and strain in the tested point length range, for the measurement of the switching Nonlinear Two-Dimensional deformation field that causes of electricdomain and deep thin sight research, powerless.Another kind method is the loading of high-voltage power supply electricity to be combined with the moir deformation measurement realize switching two-dimentional deformation measurement.(S.B.Park such as S.B.Park, S.S.Park, G.P.Carman and H.T.Hahn.Measuring StrainDistribution During Mesoscopic Domain Reorientation in a Ferroelectric Material, Journal ofEngineering materials and Technology, Vol.120 (1998), 1-6.) be exactly to utilize this method to study the two-dimentional strain field of ferroelectric ceramics PZT-5H 90 ° and 180 ° switching generations under the electric field loading of polarization in the face, analyzed the switching rule that electric field causes.But can't carry out for research from the switching rule of the ferroelectric material of surface polarization.The three-dimensional multi-functional interference system that the Xie Hui people equal development in 2004 can measure 3 D deformation field (number of patent application: 200410000005.0) simultaneously, but the loading system of being developed can't be carried out the power electric coupling and be loaded, and is therefore powerless for the three-dimensional mesomechanics research of ferroelectric material under the power electric coupling loading.And the power electric coupling charger of introducing previously is owing to adopted the testing machine load mode, can't remain on the same worktable with the multi-functional interference of three-dimensional system, and have no idea to carry out the rotation of all directions and the adjusting of translation, yet three-dimensional multi-functional interference system requirements is focused easily, angle, need very high smoothness, could guarantee the precision of measurement, obtain high-quality experimental result, so they can not combine well and constitute the power magnetic coupling that a cover finishes and load and the three-dimensional whole field deformation measuring system.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of power electric coupling loading and three-dimensional whole field deformation measurement mechanism, utilize the power electric coupling to load to combine under the realizable force electric coupling loading three-dimensional whole field deformation to measure in real time, study with the Comprehensive Experiment that realizes the mesomechanics characteristic of ferroelectric piezoelectric under the power electric coupling field of load effect of complexity with three-dimensional multi-functional interference system.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of power electric coupling loading and three-dimensional whole field deformation measuring system, comprise worktable, be installed in image acquisition and disposal system and sextuple adjusting bracket on this worktable, and the three-dimensional interference light path system that links to each other with worktable by accurate crane, described image acquisition and disposal system and sextuple adjusting bracket are arranged in the both sides of three-dimensional interference light path system, it is characterized in that: described electric coupling loading and three-dimensional whole field deformation measuring system also comprise power electric coupling charger, described power electric coupling charger comprises machinery loading device, electrical loading apparatus and power electric coupling loading environment chamber, described machinery loading device comprises main frame and power transmission and measuring system, this machinery loading device is installed on the sextuple adjusting bracket by its main frame, described power electric coupling loading environment chamber is arranged on the main frame bottom of machinery loading device, described power electric coupling loading environment chamber comprises the oil groove that has the front surface form, be arranged on the test specimen supporting construction in the oil groove, described test specimen supporting construction is by support, two support ends and two self-equilibrating spring leafs of being arranged on frame bottom are formed, described two self-equilibrating spring leaf symmetries are fixed on the rack side wall, one of them auto spring sheet is connected with the high-pressure side of described electrical loading apparatus by high-voltage conducting wires, and another self-equilibrating spring leaf is connected with ground wire.
In the technical scheme of the present invention, it is characterized in that: described power transmission and measuring system comprise the screw rod of the band groove guide rail that passes the main frame upper wall, be arranged on this screw rod upper end rotor wheel, be fixed on the manual turntable on rotor wheel top, be arranged on the rotor wheel bottom and be fixed on the stop collar of main frame upper wall, be arranged on the load transducer of screw rod lower end, the collets that link to each other with load transducer, and the loading head that links to each other with these collets.
The present invention compared with prior art, have the following advantages and the high-lighting effect: the power electric coupling is loaded with three-dimensional multi-functional interference system well be combined in the same worktable, guaranteeing to make things convenient for adjusting power electric coupling loading system, when satisfying various flash ranging requirement, the power electric coupling loads can provide power, electricity and power electric coupling load to load in the three-dimensional whole field deformation measurement mechanism, and has self-poise and centering function; Can provide in the face simultaneously, and measure from the face three-dimensional whole field deformation.This system is easy to use, compact conformation, 180 ° of can the realizable force electric coupling loading ferroelectric ceramic material down are switching, measure in the face and when the high-precision real of face 90 ° of switching u, v, three nonlinear deformation fields of w, be convenient to switching thin sight Analysis on Mechanism, displacement measurement sensitivity can reach wavelength magnitude.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a power electric coupling loading system synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a machinery loading device synoptic diagram provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is power electric coupling loading provided by the invention and three-dimensional whole field deformation measuring system structural representation.
Fig. 4 is the part sectioned view (left view) of A-A face.
Among the figure: 1-power electric coupling loading environment chamber; The 2-machinery loading device; 3-electric field charger; 4-three-dimensional interference light path system; The 5-oil groove; The 6-fixed knob; The 7-support end; The 8-support; The 9-test specimen; The 10-loading head; The 11-collets; The 12-load transducer; The screw rod of 13-band groove guide rail; 14-self-equilibrating spring leaf; The 15-high-voltage conducting wires; The 16-ground wire; The 17-main frame; The 18-manual turntable; The 19-rotor wheel; 20-front surface form; The 21-dovetail groove; The 22-guide pin; The 23-stop collar; The 24-fixed guide; 25-faces upward the turning knob of bowing; Turning knob in the 26-surface level; 27-image acquisition and disposal system; The accurate crane of 28-; The 29-worktable; The sextuple adjusting bracket of 30-; Turning knob in the 31-vertical plane; 32-is the translation knob up and down; 33-moves forward and backward knob; 34-move left and right knob; 35-power electric coupling charger.
Embodiment
Further specify concrete structure of the present invention and embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is that power electric coupling provided by the invention loads synoptic diagram, described power electric coupling charger comprises machinery loading device 2, electrical loading apparatus 3 and power electric coupling loading environment chamber 1, described machinery loading device 2 comprises main frame 17 and power transmission and measuring system, described power electric coupling loading environment chamber 1 is arranged on the main frame bottom of machinery loading device, described power electric coupling loading environment chamber comprises the oil groove 5 that has the front surface form, be arranged on the test specimen supporting construction in the oil groove, described test specimen supporting construction is by support 8, two support ends 7 and two self-equilibrating spring leafs 14 of being arranged on frame bottom are formed, described two self-equilibrating spring leaf symmetries are fixed on the rack side wall, one of them auto spring sheet is connected with the high-pressure side of described electrical loading apparatus 3 by high-voltage conducting wires 15, and another self-equilibrating spring leaf is connected with ground wire 16.Carry out simultaneously for the ease of loading, observation and image acquisition, the front surface form 20 of power electric coupling loading environment chamber 1 is selected special K9 optical glass for use, for prevent that the two bundle incidents and the reflected light that produce interference from having additional optical path difference to occur when seeing through this windowpane, thickness is that 12 millimeters K9 optical glass has carried out high-precision twin polishing, reach surface smoothness approximately less than 0.5 times helium-neon laser optical maser wavelength (632.8 nanometer), promptly about 300 nanometers.Loaded specimen is because the load mode difference can design multi-form loading head in addition, instructions of the present invention is loaded as example with 3 curved power, two support end 7 usefulness epoxy glues are fixed on provides counteractive anchorage force on the test specimen base 8 test specimen 9, and collets 11 play the effect of insulation and transmitted load.(model is: 1000CS), the silicone oil liquid level is to flood exposed spring leaf 14 and loading head 10 is advisable, to prevent high pressure arc discharge injury experimenter and to destroy test specimen to be full of water white dimethyl silicon oil during experiment in power electric coupling loading environment chamber 1.The effect of spring leaf 14 here is to transmit electric field load to the test specimen two ends, adds simultaneously to fasten test specimen, and therefore, spring leaf must closely contact with the test specimen two ends, and it is to have better rigidity and flexible copper sheet about 100 microns that described spring leaf adopts thickness.3 curved loading systems have only 10, two support ends of loading head 7 to constitute in the patent (2004100000050), for the centering problem of middle gap test specimen, can only judge that the mode of manual centering solves by naked eyes.Obviously, manually the problem brought of centering is that personal error to the each experiment of a collection of test specimen all is not quite similar, and has increased the dispersiveness of experimental result, and the exploration of experimental result regularity has been increased difficulty; And manually the centering test specimen is also inconvenient, wastes the more time, and conventional efficient is low.And the present invention is at the good thin copper self-equilibrating spring leaf 14 (as shown in Figure 1) of the electric conductivity of the same size of stationkeeping same property of two support end 7 same distance of distance, by selecting the thin copper spring sheet of suitable elasticity coefficient for use, give the suitable pressure of 3 curved test specimen two ends with equalization (with three curved load compare can ignore be advisable with the axial compression load that increases), because test specimen is to be connected in approximate mode of connecting with the spring leaf at two ends, the pressure (elastic force) that equates causes the identical distortion of spring leaf of the equal specification in two ends, promotes test specimen and moves.Therefore, can regulate test specimen automatically, promptly reach the purpose of test specimen automatic centering to the centre position.And in experimentation, because electric field action, test specimen can produce distortion, at this moment still needs test specimen to keep neutrality, because the effect of self-equilibrating spring leaf, makes the balance centering that test specimen can be real-time, thereby guarantees experimental precision.
Described electrical loading apparatus 3 can be selected commercial alternating current-direct current high-voltage power supply for use, comprises stabilized voltage supply, AC transformer, positive direct-current stepup transformer, negative DC booster, alternating current-direct current high pressure ammeter.Described electrical loading apparatus 3 is connected with a self-equilibrating spring leaf 14 by high-voltage conducting wires 15, ground wire 16 is connected with another self-equilibrating spring leaf, electric field charger 3 provides electric load can for the test specimen two ends like this, the pretightning force of self-equilibrating spring leaf makes the test specimen two ends that good electrical contact be arranged, realize as required providing direct current constant and circulation high-tension electricity load, thereby can realize that constant electricity loads, electric field cyclic fatigue loading experiment to test specimen.
Fig. 2 is a machinery loading device 2 provided by the invention, described machinery loading device 2 comprises main frame 17 and power transmission and measuring system, described power transmission and measuring system comprise the screw rod 13 of the band groove guide rail that passes the main frame upper wall, be arranged on the rotor wheel 19 of this screw rod upper end, be fixed on the manual turntable 18 on rotor wheel top, be arranged on the rotor wheel bottom and be fixed on the stop collar 23 of main frame upper wall, be arranged on the load transducer 12 of screw rod lower end, the collets 11 that link to each other with load transducer, and the loading head 10 that links to each other with these collets.Described manual turntable 18 is enclosed within rotor wheel 19 outsides, and ring is made screw thread in the manual turntable 18, and rotor wheel 19 inner and outer rings all have screw thread, and manual turntable 18 and rotor wheel 19 threaded engagement can realize synchronous rotation; The described screw rod 13 that has the groove guide rail cooperates with rotor wheel 19 by screw thread, and the concentric stroking build of guide pin 22 cooperates with the groove guide rail.Stop collar 23 plays restriction rotor wheel 19 top to bottom, left and right, front and rear and moves, and rotor wheel 19 can rotate by relative limit cover 23.When the needs mechanical load, manual turntable 18 turns clockwise, driving rotor wheel 19 rotates synchronously, the screw rod 13 of band groove guide rail is under the guide effect of the slide block of guide pin 22 and smooth groove guide rail and move up and down, thereby utilize the micrometer screw body that rotation is converted to translation, manually control displacement and load.
Fig. 3 is power electric coupling loading provided by the invention and three-dimensional whole field deformation measuring system structural representation, this system comprises worktable 29, be installed in image acquisition and disposal system 27 on this worktable, sextuple adjusting bracket 30, and the three-dimensional interference light path system 4 that links to each other with worktable by accurate crane 28, described image acquisition and disposal system 27 and sextuple adjusting bracket are arranged in the both sides of three-dimensional interference light path system, described electric coupling loading and three-dimensional whole field deformation measuring system also comprise power electric coupling charger 35, this machinery loading device is installed on the sextuple adjusting bracket 30 by its main frame 17, sextuple adjusting bracket and image acquisition and disposal system 27 are respectively in the left and right sides of three-dimensional interference light path system 4, be installed on the worktable 29, wherein sextuple adjusting bracket 30 comprises translation knob 32 vertically, move forward and backward knob 33, move left and right knob 34, turning knob 31 in the vertical plane, turning knob 26 in the surface level, face upward the turning knob 25 of bowing.Fig. 4 is the part sectioned view of the A-A face of Fig. 3, power electric coupling loading system and image acquisition and disposal system 27 can utilize dovetail groove 21 with the fixing guide rail 24 of worktable 29 on linear slide, to regulate its front and back position on work top.After position adjustments is good, can utilize fixed knob 6 fixing.Can regulate machinery loading device 2 and power electric coupling loading environment chamber 1 by sextuple adjusting bracket and satisfy moire interference and Michelson-and interfere requirement, satisfy and reach accurate location the test specimen position.
Simply introduce the inside light path of described three-dimensional interference light path system below:
The light that laser instrument sends is divided into three the tunnel through light splitting coupler, the light path of wherein measuring the u field displacement is successively by behind one of them spectroscope, u field switch controller and the u field fiber optic splitter, two laser couplers and two collimating mirrors of dividing two-way to enter respectively in the three-dimensional interference light path system collimate, and incide the test specimen surface more respectively behind collimation after mirror reflects; The light path of measuring the v field displacement is successively by behind another spectroscope, v field switch controller and the v field fiber optic splitter, the branch two-way enters two other laser couplers in the three-dimensional interference light path system respectively, behind two catoptrons and two collimating mirrors, incide the test specimen surface through mirror reflects respectively more respectively; After the light path of measuring the w field displacement incides another collimating mirror in the three-dimensional interference light path system by w field switch controller and w field fiber coupler successively, behind an Amici prism, be divided into two-beam, wherein a branch of light directly sees through this Amici prism and incides on the catoptron, arrive image acquisition and disposal system 27 through this Amici prism again after the reflection, another light beam arrives test specimen after this Amici prism reflection, pass Amici prism and arrive image acquisition and disposal system 27 behind the optical grating reflection on test specimen surface.
Image acquisition and disposal system 27 are used for gathering in real time the moire pattern picture.Form with Three Degree Of Freedom fixed support by CCD with level and vertical.Directly import computing machine by the image of CCD collection and carry out data processing.Simply introduce moire interference normal plane internal strain measuring process below:
The test specimen surface need be manufactured with holographic grating during measurement, and frequency is 500 lines per millimeters-3000 lines per millimeters.When in the measurement face during u field displacement (it is identical with the u field displacement to measure v field principle).With u field measurement switch opens, laser beam incides test specimen 9 surfaces through interference system, and on the specimen grating surface diffraction takes place, and two ± 1 order diffraction light wave is interfered formation moire fringes figure mutually, and is imaged on image acquisition and the disposal system 27.Laser beam is through arriving on image acquisition and the disposal system 27 conduct with reference to light behind the Amici prism of interference system the inside and the catoptron when measuring acoplanarity displacement; Another light beam arrives test specimen 9 after the Amici prism reflection, after the direct reflection of test specimen surface reflection type grating, see through Amici prism and arrive image acquisition and disposal system 27, as thing light, the Michelson-interference image of two-beam is gathered by image acquisition and disposal system 27.
When the applying electronic speckle method is measured, can adopt the light path identical with off-surface displacement measurement with the moire interference in-plane displacement, different is that the test specimen surface need not to make grating.When measuring in-plane displacement, two bundle collimated lights are radiated at test specimen 9 surfaces, form speckle and realize electronic speckle pattern interferometry on image acquisition and disposal system 27, and obtain the electronic speckle pattern interferometry fringe field of real-time in-plane displacement.When measuring acoplanarity displacement, use/Green graceful to interfere identical light path with Thailand, the appliance computer program can be handled the stack of two speckle fields, obtains the electronic speckle pattern interferometry fringe field of real-time acoplanarity displacement.
Inside light path and measuring method thereof about the three-dimensional interference light path system are open in patent of invention (application number 200410000005.0).
Claims (3)
1. power electric coupling loading and three-dimensional whole field deformation measuring system, comprise worktable (29), be installed in image acquisition and disposal system (27) on this worktable, sextuple adjusting bracket (30), and the three-dimensional interference light path system (4) that links to each other with worktable by accurate crane (28), described image acquisition and disposal system (27) and sextuple adjusting bracket are arranged in the both sides of three-dimensional interference light path system, it is characterized in that: described power electric coupling loading and three-dimensional whole field deformation measuring system also comprise power electric coupling charger (35), described power electric coupling charger comprises machinery loading device (2), electrical loading apparatus (3) and power electric coupling loading environment chamber (1), described machinery loading device (2) comprises main frame (17) and power transmission and measuring system, this machinery loading device is installed on the sextuple adjusting bracket (30) by its main frame (17), described power electric coupling loading environment chamber (1) is arranged on the main frame bottom of machinery loading device, described power electric coupling loading environment chamber comprises the oil groove (5) that has front surface form (20), be arranged on the test specimen supporting construction in the oil groove, described test specimen supporting construction is by support (8), two support ends (7) and two the self-equilibrating spring leafs (14) that are arranged on frame bottom are formed, described two self-equilibrating spring leaf symmetries are fixed on the rack side wall, one of them auto spring sheet is connected with the high-pressure side of described electrical loading apparatus (3) by high-voltage conducting wires (15), and another self-equilibrating spring leaf is connected with ground wire (16).
2. according to claim 1 described power electric coupling loading and three-dimensional whole field deformation measuring system, it is characterized in that: described power transmission and measuring system comprise the screw rod (13) of the band groove guide rail that passes the main frame upper wall, be arranged on this screw rod upper end rotor wheel (19), be fixed on the manual turntable (18) on rotor wheel top, be arranged on the rotor wheel bottom and be fixed on the stop collar (23) of main frame upper wall, be arranged on the load transducer (12) of screw rod lower end, the collets that link to each other with load transducer (11), and the loading head (10) that links to each other with these collets.
3. according to claim 1 described power electric coupling loading and three-dimensional whole field deformation measuring system, it is characterized in that: described oil groove front surface shows that window (20) employing thickness is 12 millimeters K9 optical glass.
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| CN101315317B (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2010-11-03 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Test method of material mesoscopic mechanics |
| CN102706726B (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2014-09-24 | 清华大学 | Force-electricity coupling dynamic fracture experimental system |
| CN104101792A (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2014-10-15 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Ferroelectric material ferroelectricity and ferroelasticity measuring system and method under force field, electric field and thermal field |
| CN104198304B (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-08-24 | 武汉大学 | A kind of buried circular tunnel repeats macroscopic destruction disturbance effect laboratory testing rig and method |
| CN106226171B (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2018-11-30 | 郑州大学 | The piezoelectric semiconductor's fracture failure experiment research changed based on polarization direction |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0933424A (en) * | 1995-07-19 | 1997-02-07 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Device for measuring adhesion of very small object |
| US6744517B1 (en) * | 1999-02-17 | 2004-06-01 | European Community Represented By Commision Of The European Communities | Combining interference fringe patterns to a moire fringe pattern |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0933424A (en) * | 1995-07-19 | 1997-02-07 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Device for measuring adhesion of very small object |
| US6744517B1 (en) * | 1999-02-17 | 2004-06-01 | European Community Represented By Commision Of The European Communities | Combining interference fringe patterns to a moire fringe pattern |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 力电耦合载荷作用下铁电陶瓷破坏行为的云纹干涉方法研究 方岱宁，刘战伟，李尚，戴福隆，邴歧大，实验力学，第18卷第2期 2003 * |
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