CN100339591C - 燃料喷射阀 - Google Patents

燃料喷射阀 Download PDF

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CN100339591C
CN100339591C CNB2004100304893A CN200410030489A CN100339591C CN 100339591 C CN100339591 C CN 100339591C CN B2004100304893 A CNB2004100304893 A CN B2004100304893A CN 200410030489 A CN200410030489 A CN 200410030489A CN 100339591 C CN100339591 C CN 100339591C
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housing
packaging body
valve
cover
fuelinjection nozzle
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CN1532398A (zh
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斋藤贵博
小屋敷秀彦
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Hitachi Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0667Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature acting as a valve or having a short valve body attached thereto
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F02M51/0682Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto the body being hollow and its interior communicating with the fuel flow
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1853Orifice plates
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S239/00Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing
    • Y10S239/90Electromagnetically actuated fuel injector having ball and seat type valve

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种燃料喷射阀,该阀包括:壳体,该壳体由金属形成;阀元件,它沿着轴向可滑动地布置成通过壳体;阀座,阀元件安置在它上面;及罩,它布置在壳体的外边缘上,其特征在于,上述罩由含有橡胶的软质树脂模制出来,上述壳体的外边缘和上述罩之间的部分由硬质树脂模制出来。

Description

燃料喷射阀
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及一种内燃机和类似装置中的燃料喷射阀,更加具体地说,本发明涉及一种在阀元件的打开和关闭期间防止碰撞噪声和振动的技术。
背景技术
如JP-A-2002-534638(=WO0040855)所公开的一样,内燃机和类似装置中的燃料喷射阀典型地如此构造,以致借助回位弹簧的偏压力安置在阀座上的阀元件借助电磁致动器来提升和打开。
在阀元件的打开和关闭期间,燃料喷射阀产生了碰撞噪声,更加具体地说,即,在阀关闭期间,在阀座上产生了碰撞噪声,及在阀打开期间,在阀元件的止动器或者它的结合件上产生了碰撞噪声。所产生的这些碰撞噪声和振动被传递通过一些零件,从模制在壳体上方的硬质树脂壳体中发出来,从而形成了噪声源。
为了防止噪声和振动,因此燃料喷射阀典型地覆盖有隔音材料如泡沫橡胶、泡沫树脂或者类似物。但是,这种解决方案不仅需要本身就很贵的隔音材料,而且还需要把独立的、不同的隔音材料安装在燃料喷射阀上的过程,从而进一步提高了该阀的制造费用。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种燃料喷射阀,该燃料喷射阀在阀元件的打开和关闭期间减少了有害噪声的发出,并且制造费用较小。
本发明总体上提供了一种燃料喷射阀,该阀包括:
壳体,该壳体由金属形成;
阀元件,它沿着轴向可滑动地布置成通过壳体;
阀座,阀元件安置在它上面;及
罩,它布置在壳体的外边缘上,其特征在于,
上述罩由含有橡胶的软质树脂模制出来,
上述壳体的外边缘和上述罩之间的部分由硬质树脂模制出来。
本发明的主要特征在于提供了一种制造燃料喷射阀的方法,该燃料喷射阀包括:壳体;阀元件,它沿着轴向可滑动地布置成通过壳体;及阀座,阀元件安置在它上面;该方法包括:用含有橡胶的软质树脂模制出罩,把该罩布置在壳体的外边缘上。
附图说明
参照附图,下面描述使得本发明的其它目的和特征变得更加清楚,其中:
图1A是剖视图,它示出了本发明燃料喷射阀的第一实施例;
图1B是放大局部剖视图,它示出了阀座元件;
图2是曲线图,它示出了用在第一实施例中的软质树脂的隔音效果;及
图3是与图1相类似的视图,它示出了本发明的第二实施例。
具体实施方式
参照附图,描述体现本发明的内燃机燃料喷射阀。
参照图1A-2,它们示出了本发明的第一实施例。参照图1A和1B,燃料喷射阀包括:管形壳体1,它由磁性材料如金属形成;电磁线圈或者致动器2,它固定地安装在壳体1的外边缘上;及阀元件3,它沿着轴向地、可滑动地布置成通过壳体1,并且包括管形固定器31和球体32,而管形固定器31和球体32借助焊接形成一体。燃料出口31a形成在固定器31的下边缘壁上。球体32在边缘上具有若干平表面32,这些表面借助机加工来得到。
管形弹簧壳体4在阀元件3(固定器31)的上方固定地安装在壳体1的内壁上,如图1A所示,同时在它们之间限定出了预定间隙。管形弹簧止动器5通过弹簧壳体4来固定地布置,回位弹簧6以压缩的状态布置在弹簧止动器5的下端和固定器31的台阶部分之间。在电磁线圈2没有供电的期间,借助回位弹簧6的弹性压缩力,燃料喷射阀通过使阀元件3安置在后面将描述的阀座元件7的座表面7a上来关闭。
最好如图1B所示,阀座元件7包括用来安置阀元件3的球体32的座表面7a和喷口7b,该喷口7b形成在中心。阀座元件7被焊接在壳体1的下端的内边缘上。具有若干喷口8a的喷嘴板8被焊接在阀座元件7的下端上。
盖件9固定地接合在壳体1的下端的外边缘上,用来盖住电磁线圈2的外边缘的线圈罩10的下端被焊接到壳体1上。
燃料滤清器11固定地接合在壳体1的上端中。
硬质树脂封装体12借助注模硬质树脂来得到,而硬质树脂被提供到从线圈罩10的上端延伸到壳体1的上端的部分和除了导线2a的端部之外的、与电磁线圈2相一致的部分中。密封件13布置在封装体12的上端面和壳体1的上端法兰面之间。
封装体12形成有连接器12a,该连接器12a借助包围电磁线圈2的导线2a的端部来得到。
在第一实施例中,燃料喷射阀具有上边缘,除了封装体12的上端和连接器12a之外,该上边缘还覆盖有隔音罩14,该罩14由含有橡胶的软质树脂来模制出,例如橡胶和软质树脂之间比率为50∶50。
在以这种方式来构造出的燃料喷射阀中,未示出的燃料泵所供给的燃料通过燃料管路从燃料滤清器11中加入到壳体1中,以到达弹簧止动器5和固定器31的内部中。然后,燃料从燃料出口31a流出到外部空间中,从而从位于球体32的边缘平表面32a和座表面7a之间的间隙中排出到关闭部分中,该关闭部分借助球体32和座表面7a之间的接触来得到。
在给电磁线圈2通电时,借助电磁力来克服回位弹簧6的偏压力,使由磁性材料形成的阀元件3向上运动,从而向上升高到这样的位置上:固定器31的上端面与弹簧壳体4的下端面4a相碰撞。
然后,阀元件3的球体32与座表面7a分离,从而使燃料喷射阀处于打开状态。因此,参照图1B,燃料沿着径向从形成于阀座元件7的座表面7a的中心处的喷口7b和形成于喷嘴板8中的喷孔8a中进行喷射。
另一方面,在中断电磁线圈2的供电时,借助回位弹簧6的偏压力使阀元件3向下运动,从而与阀座元件7的座表面7a相碰撞,以使燃料喷射阀处于关闭状态中。
在这种方法中,在燃料喷射阀的打开和关闭期间,当阀元件3与弹簧壳体4的下端面4a和阀座元件7的座表面7a相碰撞时,产生了碰撞噪声和振动,并且把碰撞噪声和振动传递到金属壳体1和硬质树脂封装体12中。但是,这些碰撞噪声和振动借助软质树脂的隔音罩14来吸收,而罩14遮住了大部分的硬质树脂封装体12,从而实现了极好的隔声作用。
而且,含有橡胶的软质树脂的费用低于纯橡胶,并且可以借助注模来成形,从而减少了燃料喷射阀的制造费用。
不需要遮住位于封装体12下方的一部分燃料喷射阀,因为它被布置成面对进气通道,因此在那里所产生的噪声泄漏到外部中的很少。
图2示出了铁球体落在这些板上时所产生的声压或者噪声的测量结果,其中这些板各自由形成隔音罩14的软质树脂和形成封装体12的硬质树脂形成。声压借助布置在这些板上方的传感器来测量。从图2中可以看到,与硬质树脂相比,软质树脂可以大大地减小最大声压值。
参照图3,它示出了本发明的第二实施例,除了下面这些之外,该实施例基本上与第一实施例相同:
具体地说,在第一实施例中,与电磁线圈2相一致的一部分燃料喷射阀形成为,绕组设置成绕着电磁线圈2的线圈架,然后用硬质树脂模制出电磁线圈2的外边缘。在第二实施例中,在这个方法中,连接到绕组中的且延伸到连接器12a′中的终端的周边成一体地模制为一个组件,因此得到了硬质树脂封装体12′。
更加具体地说,在第一实施例中(在相关的技术中),绕组的外边缘由硬质树脂模制出来的电磁线圈2布置在线圈罩10中,然后,把硬质树脂封装体12模制在电磁线圈2的外边缘上。另一方面,在第二实施例中,绕组的硬质树脂外边缘和硬质树脂封装体12形成一体,硬质树脂模制件只被设置到绕组外侧和终端的周边即需要强度的电磁线圈2的最小部分中。
除了与连接器12a′相对应的部分和线圈罩10上部上方的金属壳体1部分之外,隔音罩14′还布置在硬质树脂封装体12′的外边缘上。隔音罩14′由含有橡胶的软质树脂模制出来,其中例如,橡胶和软质树脂之间的比率为50∶50。
在第二实施例中,不仅可以确保隔音效果,而且同时还可以模制出电磁线圈2的外边缘和延伸到连接器12a′中的终端部分,从而减少了过程的数量,因此进一步减少了燃料喷射阀的制造费用。
结合图解的实施例描述了本发明,但是应该注意到,本发明不局限于此,而是在没有脱离本发明范围的情况下可以进行各种改变和变形。
借助例子,在图解的实施例中,含有橡胶的软质树脂是这样的:橡胶和软质树脂之间的比率为50∶50。任意地,该比率可以大约为20∶80到80∶20。这种比率能够在借助橡胶功能来极好地实现隔音和借助树脂的功能来方便地注模之间进行协调。
如上所述,根据本发明,含有橡胶的软质树脂的费用小于纯橡胶的费用,并且可以借助注模来成形,从而减少了燃料喷射阀的制造费用。这还可以通过较小的费用来极好地实现燃料喷射阀的隔音。
此外,由于金属壳体的外边缘由硬质树脂模制出来且罩由含有橡胶的软质树脂模制出来以布置于其上,因此可以实现燃料喷射阀的隔音,同时确保了它的强度。
此外,由于壳体由硬质树脂模制出来以遮住线圈的外边缘和延伸到连接器中的那部分,因此同时形成了这个区域的模制件,同时确保了隔音效果,从而减少了过程的数量,因此进一步减少了燃料喷射阀的制造费用。
2003年3月25日提交的日本专利申请P2003-082778的整个教导在这里引入以作参考。

Claims (5)

1.一种燃料喷射阀,该阀包括:
壳体,该壳体由金属形成;
阀元件,它沿着轴向可滑动地布置成通过壳体;
阀座,阀元件安置在它上面;及
罩,它布置在壳体的外边缘上,其特征在于,
上述罩由含有橡胶的软质树脂模制出来,
上述壳体的外边缘和上述罩之间的部分由硬质树脂模制出来。
2.如权利要求1所述的燃料喷射阀,还包括:
致动器,它驱动阀元件,该致动器包括线圈和连接器;及
封装体,它遮住线圈的外边缘和延伸到连接器中的那一部分,该封装体由硬质树脂模制出来,其中该封装体用罩来遮住。
3.一种燃料喷射阀,该阀包括:
壳体;
阀元件,它沿着轴向可滑动地布置成通过壳体;
阀座,阀元件安置在它上面;
致动器,它驱动阀元件,该致动器包括线圈和连接器;其特征在于,还具有
封装体,它遮住线圈的外边缘和延伸到连接器中的那一部分,该封装体由硬质树脂模制出来,
罩,它布置在封装体的外边缘上,该罩由含有橡胶的软质树脂模制出来,
其中该封装体用罩来遮住。
4.一种制造燃料喷射阀的方法,该燃料喷射阀包括:壳体;阀元件,它沿着轴向可滑动地布置成通过壳体;及阀座,阀元件安置在它上面;该方法包括:
用含有橡胶的软质树脂模制出罩,把该罩布置在壳体的外边缘上从而形成外层,其特征在于,用硬质树脂模制出封装体,该封装体用罩来遮住从而形成内层。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,燃料喷射阀还包括:致动器,该致动器驱动阀元件,该致动器包括线圈和连接器;该封装体遮住线圈的外边缘和延伸到连接器中的那一部分。
CNB2004100304893A 2003-03-25 2004-03-25 燃料喷射阀 Expired - Fee Related CN100339591C (zh)

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JP082778/2003 2003-03-25
JP2003082778A JP2004293313A (ja) 2003-03-25 2003-03-25 燃料噴射弁

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JP3955055B2 (ja) 2004-09-27 2007-08-08 株式会社ケーヒン 電磁式燃料噴射弁
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DE102004013169B4 (de) 2008-12-18
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CN1532398A (zh) 2004-09-29
US7168638B2 (en) 2007-01-30

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