CH717593A2 - PV module facade construction for integration into existing facade surfaces. - Google Patents

Abstract

A PV module facade construction (2) according to the invention for partial covering of facade surfaces (10) in construction, comprising a substructure (20) and a plurality of PV modules (22) which, by means of the substructure (20), comprising several rear ventilation webs (200) are permanently mounted parallel to a ventilation area (21) at a distance from the facade surface (10), a sufficiently stable mechanical attachment, optimized sealing against weather influences and at the same time increased aesthetics should be achieved. This is achieved in that vertical joints between horizontally adjacent PV modules (22, 22') or between PV modules (22, 22') and adjacent end plates are at least partially covered by vertically running connecting elements (23), the connecting elements (23 ) are held positively and/or non-positively attached to the rear ventilation webs (200) by means of fastening elements (230), and wherein the substructure (20) is designed without an insulation layer.

Description

technical field

The present invention describes a PV module facade construction for partial covering of facade surfaces of a building facade provided with insulation in the construction industry and for the integration of PV modules into the facade surface, comprising a substructure and a plurality of PV modules, which are connected by means of the substructure , comprising several rear-ventilation webs parallel to a rear-ventilation area at a distance from the facade surface, protected against the effects of the weather and mechanically secured and permanently mounted, as well as the use of a PV module facade construction for partial covering of facade surfaces in construction and sealed fixing of PV modules on the insulated facade surface.

State of the art

For the production of solar power, facade surfaces have also been used for a long time, to which PV modules of different configurations are attached. A sporadic attachment of PV modules is more of a tinkering job, which the user will probably not enjoy in the long term. This is about the use of PV module facade constructions that are securely and permanently attached directly to an already insulating facade surface. Even if the PV modules are multi-layer laminates, which include glass panels, glass facades in the conventional sense cannot be achieved.

[0003] It is necessary to create PV module façade constructions that are tailored to PV modules and allow the PV modules to be held in a sufficiently stable manner along, for example, a building façade. The attempts that are known today to integrate PV modules are disadvantageous, above all in terms of aesthetics. However, if the appearance of a facade surface with integrated PV module facade construction with a plurality of PV modules does not look appealing, builders and architects do not decide to attach a PV module facade construction.

The second factor is of course the sufficiently stable mechanical attachment of the sometimes heavy PV modules parallel to the facade surface. So far, this has been achieved with frames, usually made of light metal, which are firmly attached to the building facade. These frames or rails serve as a support for the PV modules, with the PV modules being firmly screwed to the frame strips or rails in their edge areas. In some cases, the PV modules are also pushed into the frame, so that the stability is increased. Although these known types of attachment can prevent the PV modules from slipping down vertically due to gravity and horizontal movement to the side due to wind or weather conditions, they appear rather ugly. An attractive, perfectly formed mounting option for PV modules has not yet been achieved, which is why there is a long-known need for aesthetic PV module facade constructions.

Most known newer buildings have an already existing, excellent thermal insulation, which is covered with a mineral, protective layer. Only PV modules are needed here, which are intended to generate energy.

[0006] Document DE 10 2014 011 705 A1 also discloses a PV module facade construction, the substructure of this PV module facade construction being provided with a mineral wool insulation board as an insulating layer for temperature regulation.

Presentation of the invention

The disadvantages described above, which are known from the prior art, are to be eliminated by the present device.

The present invention has set itself the task of creating a PV module facade construction comprising a plurality of PV modules that provides a sufficiently stable mechanical attachment with optimized sealing of the PV modules against the effects of the weather and at the same time increased aesthetics.

According to the invention, the vertical edge areas of the PV modules or vertical joints between horizontally adjacent PV modules or between PV modules and adjacent end plates are at least partially covered by vertically running connection elements, the connection elements being positively and/or non-positively connected to the rear ventilation webs by means of fastening elements are kept fixed, and the substructure is designed without an insulation layer or has no insulation layer.

It has been shown to be advantageous that the PV module facade construction according to the invention can be attached to the building facade in such a sealing manner that the existing building facade can be used without additional weather protection.

As well-known, newer buildings, which already have excellent insulation, only have to be provided with PV modules and since the heat absorption capacity of insulated facades is low, it has been shown that the ventilation areas must be significantly increased in order to achieve optimal energy efficiency.

In addition to the increased long-term stability and sealing of the substructure or the PV modules against the weather, an aesthetically pleasing integration of the PV modules into the existing facade surface is achieved. This sealing against weather influences has the additional advantage that the building facade does not require an additional mineral plaster before cladding with the PV module facade construction. This improves rear ventilation and cools the PV modules better, thereby increasing the efficiency of the PV modules.

To solve the problem, a substructure, vertically running connection elements that create a stylish transition between PV modules and between facade components and horizontally running waterstops have been developed.

[0014] Optionally, the configuration of the PV modules themselves can also contribute to improved aesthetics.

Variations of combinations of features or minor adjustments of the invention can be found in the detailed description, shown in the figures and included in the dependent claims.

In contrast to the PV module facade construction from DE 10 2014 011 705 A1, an additional insulation layer, for example in the form of a mineral wool insulation panel, can advantageously be dispensed with in the PV module facade construction according to the invention. This improves rear ventilation and increases the efficiency of the PV modules because the rear ventilation space is significantly enlarged.

Brief description of the drawings

The subject of the invention is described in detail below in connection with the accompanying drawings. Necessary features, details and advantages of the invention emerge from this following description, in which a preferred embodiment of the invention and some additional features or optional features are listed in detail.

There are shown in Figure 1 shows a view of a facade surface of a building facade with an integrated PV module facade construction. FIG. 2a shows a cross section through a building facade with a PV module facade construction with metal brackets, while FIG. 2b shows a cross section through a building facade with a PV module facade construction with rear ventilation bars made of wood looking vertically downwards towards the floor. FIG. 3 shows a sectional view through a rear-ventilation bar with a first connection element, while FIG. 4 shows a sectional view through a rear-ventilation bar with a profiled further connection element. FIG. 5a shows a longitudinal section through a building facade in the direction of a specially shaped joint plate, while FIG. 5b shows a sectional view through a joint plate with damping strips with the building facade and rear ventilation web omitted. In a further development, FIG. 6 shows the use of stepped PV modules which are flush surrounded on both sides by connection elements.

description

In Figure 1, a building facade 1 is shown with a facade surface 10, including components such as windows 11, balcony, projections, window sills 12 and optional terraces, railings 13 and roof edges. These components are integrated into the building facade 1 and there have long been known ways to also design aesthetically pleasing building facades 1. One would now like to attach one or more PV module facade constructions 2, 2', 2" to the building facade 1 or integrate them into the facade surface 10, with such PV module facade constructions 2, 2', 2" being mechanically securely fastened and sealed against the effects of the weather and also visually match the facade surface 10. The PV module facade construction 2, 2', 2" comprises a plurality of PV modules 22 and a substructure 20 to which the PV modules 22 are detachably attached. The formation of rear ventilation areas 21, which are shown in FIGS. 2a/2b, is special here become clear.

Along vertical joints 220 between PV modules 22 and transitions between PV modules 22 and components of the building facade 1, such as windows 11 or balconies 12, connection elements 23 are arranged to run vertically. The components of the building facade 1 are usually surrounded by an end plate, so that the vertical joint is formed between the PV module 22 and the end plate. In this case, the vertical connecting elements 23 run between the PV module 22 and the end plate parallel to the rear ventilation webs 200 or rear ventilation battens 200 of the substructure 20, as described below. In addition to a holding function, the connection elements 23 also have a sealing function against the effects of the weather.

Figure 2a shows a substructure 20, which includes a plurality of rear ventilation webs 200 made of metal, preferably aluminum. The rear ventilation areas 21 are created by the U-shaped rear ventilation webs 200 so that the PV modules 22 can be fastened at a distance from the facade surface 10 by an air gap. This is beneficial to the efficiency of PV power generation by reducing heating of the PV modules. The connecting elements 23 either cover edge regions of two directly adjacent PV modules 22 or the transition between the PV module 22 and, for example, a window 11 or its end plate.

In another embodiment, as shown in Figure 2b, a part of the substructure 20 can be formed from ventilation slats 200 made of wood. These rear ventilation slats 200 can be arranged directly on the facade surface 10 running parallel and vertically from the roof in the direction of the floor G or they can be at a small distance from the facade surface 10 . Fastening the PV modules 22 to the rear ventilation slats 200 is easier, but there should be a seal that permanently protects the wood from the effects of the weather.

The connecting elements 23 are to be fastened in all embodiments with fastening elements 230 at least at certain points along their vertical course. Fastening can be done by screwing, nailing, riveting or stapling, preferably pneumatically, the fastening elements 230 through the connection element 23 and the rear ventilation web or the rear ventilation slat 200 . A screw connection as shown in the sectional view in FIG. 3 is particularly preferred. A pan head screw is chosen as the fastening element 230 here.

The connecting element 23 is formed as a compensating cover strip profile 232, which partially covers the edge regions of the PV modules along the vertical joint 220, the vertical joint 220 being completely covered by the compensating cover strip profile 232. At least one rear-side seal 231, preferably made of rubber, is arranged on the rear side of the PV modules 22, facing the facade surface 10 or the rear-ventilation web 200. In order to secure the fastening of the connection element 23 on the front side of the PV modules 22 as well, at least one front side seal 233 is arranged on the front side of the PV modules 22 on the side opposite the backing web 200 . This front side seal 233 can also be made of rubber or silicone. The connection elements 23 run parallel to the rear ventilation webs, - slats 200 as part of the PV module facade construction 2. The front side seal 233 and / or the rear side seal 231 are selected as self-adhesive sealing strips, mostly preferably double-sided adhesive. The seals 231, 233, 222 and compensating cover strip profiles 232, 232' are preferably attached by pneumatic or electric stapling, nailing or gluing. For gluing, at least one gluing surface should be arranged on a sealing surface.

In a slightly modified variant of the connection element 23', the compensation cover strip profile 232 is configured differently, with a receiving profile for supporting a rear side seal 231' being provided at the edge, partially pushed into the receiving profile. Two receiving profiles are provided here, which run parallel to one another and are spaced apart from one another. In the installed state, the mounting profiles and rear side seals 231' run parallel to the longitudinal direction of the connecting element 23', with only the rear side seal 231' coming into contact with the surface of the PV modules 22'', 22''' and possibly the adjacent end plate.

A front side seal 233' lies along the back of the PV modules 22'', 22''' on the rear ventilation bar 200 and thus between PV modules 22'', 22''', end plate and rear ventilation bar 200. A possible fastening element 230 is indicated dotted in FIG. 4, which fastens the connection element 23' to the rear-ventilation bar 200 in such a way that the PV modules 22'', 22''' and the rear-ventilation bar 200 are fastened in a sealed manner. A screw, nail or rivet connection is also possible here.

The material used for the connection elements 23, 23' or the compensation cover strip profile 232, 232' is aluminum or an aluminum alloy, steel or even a profiled fiber cement panel. The terminal decking profiles 232, 232' may be made of sheet metal, fiber cement, fiberglass, plastic, wood or rubber sheet.

The seals 231, 231', 233, 233' are preferably made of rubber, silicone or foam, in particular made of polyethylene foam. At least the rear side seals 231, 231' are tubular with at least one hollow space within the longitudinal direction of the rear side seals 231, 231'.

In order to prevent the PV modules 22, 22' from slipping off in the vertical direction, i.e. from the roof in the direction of the floor G, horizontally running waterstops 24 are between PV modules 22, 22' as part of the substructure 20 on the rear ventilation webs 200 or rear ventilation slats 200 attached.

These waterstops 24 run horizontally, i.e. approximately parallel to the floor G at the height between adjacent PV modules 22, 22′ following each other in the vertical direction, or along a horizontally running closing edge of the bottom PV module. The at least one waterstop 24 runs at least approximately perpendicularly to the rear ventilation webs 200 and has a base plate 240 and an angled supporting surface 241 at least in sections.

The metal water stop 24 is preferably designed in one piece, cast or punched accordingly. The lower edge of a PV module 22, here the upper one of the two PV modules 22 shown, rests on the edge of the angled support surface 241 in the installed state. The downward weight of the PV module 22 is absorbed by the angled support surface 241. The base plate 240 is partially covered along its length by the upper PV module 22 and the lower PV module 22'. The backs of the PV modules 22 , 22 ′, the sides of the PV modules 22 , 22 ′ facing the building façade 1 partially rest on the base plate 240 . Damping strips 222 are arranged between PV modules 22, 22' and base plate 240 and/or rear-ventilation webs, slats 200 to protect against damage and to seal against the effects of the weather. The joint plate 24, which runs horizontally on the building facade 1, preferably on the rear ventilation webs, slats 200, thus prevents the PV modules 22, 22' from slipping downwards.

Since the substructure 20 has the connecting elements 23 with which the PV modules are held on the rear ventilation webs, slats 200, the result is a sealed and mechanically stable mounting of the PV modules 22, 22' with a rear ventilation area 21 at a distance from the facade surface 10, simple and comprehensive only a few components.

In order to further improve the aesthetic design of the PV module facade construction 2, the design of the PV modules 22'''' has also been changed. The idea here was to change the usually multi-layered PV modules in such a way that a gradation is achieved at least along the PV module side edges that later run in the vertical direction. This can be seen in FIG. At least one base layer B of the PV module 22'''' continues in a stepped manner along the PV module side edges, with an additional layer thickening the PV module 22''''. The area effectively used for photovoltaics is more in the center of the PV module 22"", where the base layer B and the additional layer Z run over one another. The additional layer Z, the layer responsible for the photovoltaic effect, is preferred. The base layer B can be a lower cover layer without a photovoltaic effect of a PV module, which is designed to protrude beyond the additional layer Z in the edge regions and is fastened or molded onto the additional layer Z.

The overlapping of the stepped PV module side edge with the connection element 23 accordingly has no disruptive effect on the resulting power generation. As shown in FIG. 6, the outer surface of the connecting element 23 can be flush with the outer surface of the PV module 22''''. The connection element 23 appears to be integrated, sunk into the two PV module side edges of adjacent PV modules 22'''', and protruding of the connection elements 23 is avoided. Stepped PV modules 22'''' allow the connection elements 23 to be sunk in between PV modules 22"" and the connection plate, resulting in better sealing and a reduced surface area for damage.

Reference List

1 building facade 10 facade surface 11 window 12 balcony/projection/window sill 13 terrace/railing 2 PV module facade construction/PV module facade area 20 substructure 200 rear ventilation webs or slats 21 rear ventilation area 22 PV module 220 vertical joint (PV-PV, PV end plate ) 221 horizontal joint (PV-PV, PV edge) 222 damping band (rubber band/profile/layer) B basic layer Z additional layer 23 connecting element = vertical compensation cover strip (preferably profiled with inserted sealing strips, screwed on) 230 fastening element 231 rear seal (silicone/rubber/ foam) 232 compensating cover strip profile 233 front side seal (rubber/silicone/foam) 24 metal waterstop (running horizontally) 240 base plate 241 angled support surface G floor

Claims (13)

1. PV module facade construction (2) for partially covering facade surfaces (10) of a building facade (1) provided with insulation in construction and for integrating PV modules (22) into the facade surface (10), comprising a substructure (20) and a plurality of PV modules (22), which are permanently installed by means of the substructure (20), comprising several rear-ventilation webs (200) parallel to a rear-ventilation area (21) at a distance from the facade surface (10), protected against the effects of the weather and mechanically secured, characterized in that at least the vertical edge areas of the PV modules (22) or vertical joints (220) between horizontally adjacent PV modules (22, 22') or between PV modules (22, 22') and adjacent end plates of vertically running connecting elements (23). are partially covered wherein the connecting elements (23) are held positively and/or non-positively fastened to the rear ventilation webs (200) by means of fastening elements (230), and wherein the substructure (20) is designed without an insulating layer. 2. PV module facade construction (2) according to claim 1, wherein the connection element (23) has a compensating cover strip profile (232, 232') which is provided with a rear side seal (231, 231') on the front side of the PV module edge areas at the level of the Rear ventilation webs (200) is arranged. 3. PV module facade construction (2) according to claim 2, wherein the compensating cover strip profile (232, 232') has a front side seal (233, 233') facing the rear ventilation web (200) for resting on a rear side of the PV modules (22, 22') having. 4. PV module facade construction (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the rear ventilation webs (200) are made of wood as rear ventilation slats (200). 5. PV module facade construction (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein compensating cover strip profiles (232') have channels for sealing strips (231') formed on the edge parallel to their longitudinal extent. 6. PV module facade construction (2) according to one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the seals (231, 231', 233, 233') are made of rubber, silicone or foam, in particular made of polyethylene foam. 7. PV module facade construction (2) according to claim 6, wherein the seals (231, 231', 233, 233') are self-adhesive sealing strips, with at least one adhesive surface on a sealing surface. 8. PV module facade construction (2) according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the rear seal (231, 231') is formed in a tubular manner enclosing a cavity along the longitudinal direction of the rear seal (231, 231'). 9. PV module facade construction (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fastening element (230) is a screw or a staple for pneumatic or electrical attachment. 10. PV module facade construction (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one metal waterstop (24) is arranged running at least approximately perpendicularly to the rear ventilation webs (200) attached to these, the metal waterstop (24) having a base plate (240) and in the course of which at least partially has at least one angled support surface (241), so that a lower edge of a PV module (22, 22') rests on the support surface (241), along a horizontal joint between vertically adjacent PV modules (22, 22') and /or running between a PV module (22, 22') and an end plate, and the joint plate (24) is arranged on the rear side of the PV modules (22, 22') facing the facade surface (10), creating a seal achieved against the effects of weather and slipping of the PV modules (22, 22 ') towards the ground (G) is securely prevented. 11. PV module facade construction (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one damping strip (222) is arranged between the rear side of the PV modules (22, 22') and the vertical rear ventilation webs (200), the damping strip (222) can correspond to the seals (231, 231', 233, 233'). 12. PV module facade construction (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the PV modules (22'''') used in multiple layers with a base layer (B) and an additional layer (Z) have a step at least along an edge region of the PV modules (22, 22', 22'', 22''', 22'''') so that the connecting element (23) fits flush into the stepped edge area of the PV module (22'''') on the front side of the PV module (22'''') can finally be fastened countersunk. 13. Use of a PV module facade construction (2) with a substructure (20) made of a plurality of vertical rear ventilation webs (200) to which a plurality of PV modules (22, 22') are attached by means of vertically running connection elements (23), wherein the connecting elements (23) are formed by vertically running compensating cover strip profiles (232) which seal vertical joints (220) between PV modules (22, 22') and/or between PV modules (22, 22') and adjacent end plates, wherein the PV modules used (22'''') in multiple layers with a base layer (B) and an additional layer (Z) a step at least along an edge area of the PV modules (22, 22', 22'', 22''', 22'''') so that the connecting element (23) can be fastened in the stepped edge area of the PV module (22'''') flush with the surface and then countersunk.