CH714639A2 - Component for sound absorption in rooms. - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the invention, the component (1) for absorbing sound in rooms comprises a hollow body (2) which is open on one side for flush mounting in a ceiling or wall (3, 4) with a bottom (21) and a side wall (22) surrounding this bottom (21). and a sound absorber (30) insertable into the hollow body (2) after being installed in the ceiling or wall. The slab ceiling element or double wall element made of reinforced concrete and with lattice girders according to the invention is characterized by such a surface element flush with a surface of the slab ceiling or the double wall built therein component (1). In the method for producing a slab element or such a double wall element on a shuttering bed made of a magnetic metal, wherein a component (1) according to the invention with a rim (6) having a first groove (61) and sealing tape inserted therein a bottom (21) from is used at least partially magnetic material, it is provided according to the invention that the side wall (22) of the hollow body (2) is pressed with the sealing strip when concreting the slab element or the double wall element with magnetic means against the shuttering bed, so that no concrete can penetrate into the hollow body and a smooth edge along the sealing tape is formed.

Description

description

TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates to a component for sound absorption in rooms and a slab ceiling element or a double wall element with the component and a method for producing a slab ceiling element or a double wall element with the component for sound absorption.

PRIOR ART A large number of possibilities are available for sound insulation in rooms. Sound absorbers are known as a variant, which are usually mounted in the form of plates on walls and ceilings. They usually have a porous structure which results in a corresponding flow resistance. Due to the resulting friction, the penetrating sound energy is converted into heat and friction. The sound waves are therefore no longer reflected, but rather are not absorbed and thrown back into the room. The simplest sound absorbers known from the prior art are foam sheets, for example knobbed foam or pyramid foam.

Sound absorbers are also known from the prior art, which are not only subsequently applied to ceilings and walls, but which are used directly in the manufacture of the wall or ceiling at the construction site, i.e. can be integrated in the wall or ceiling during the shell construction phase. These are, for example, so-called acoustic strips, U-shaped profiles made of fiber reinforced concrete filled with expanded glass granulate as an acoustically effective part (absorber). This part is permanently connected to the U-shaped profile. These acoustic strips are placed on concrete formwork, for example, as concrete spacers for reinforcing a reinforced concrete floor. On the other hand, the acoustic material is poured directly into the concrete as a plate strip, even without a U-shaped profile. After finishing the ceiling or wall by pouring concrete, the acoustic strips are arranged on the visible side of the wall and the ceiling. The absorbers in the form of expanded glass granulate filling are clearly recognizable. This visibility is fundamentally undesirable, so that the acoustic strips have to be sealed later with sound plaster. Furthermore, this type of absorber is not intended for precast concrete parts. As mentioned, they are used for ceilings and walls that are cast on site at the construction site.

PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to avoid at least one disadvantage resulting from the prior art.

[0005] This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

The component according to the invention for sound absorption in rooms comprises a hollow body that is open on one side for flush installation in a ceiling or a wall with a floor and a side wall surrounding this floor. According to the invention, it is provided that the hollow body is preferably already installed in the manufacture of a structural element for building the ceiling or wall in a precast concrete plant. The sound absorbers, which represent a further part of the component according to the invention, can only be inserted into the hollow body on site. Depending on the room and individual customer requirements, different types of sound absorbers can be selected.

The ceiling in which the components according to the invention are used is accordingly preferably a panel ceiling also known under the term filigree ceiling, for example in accordance with the reinforced concrete standard DIN 1045-1. It consists of slab ceiling elements in the form of large, 4 or 5 cm, depending on the structural requirements also 6 cm thick reinforced concrete prefabricated slabs, which are supplemented on site to the final ceiling thickness with in-situ concrete. The S slab ceiling elements and the in-situ concrete form a firm bond with one another. This is guaranteed by the rough surface of the slab ceiling elements and by steel lattice girders, which are already concreted into the slab ceiling elements in the precast concrete plant. The slab ceiling elements and the in-situ concrete therefore work together exactly as if the entire ceiling had been produced in one casting. In addition to the lattice girders (which are available in different heights), a reinforcement layer for the slab ceiling is usually installed in the slab ceiling elements in the precast concrete plant. The hollow bodies of the components according to the invention, which are open on one side, are preferably also integrated into the slab ceiling elements. These are arranged flush with the visible side of the slab ceiling elements and the slab ceiling made from them.

[0008] A wall in which the components according to the invention are used is preferably a double wall, which is also referred to as an element wall. The term element wall stands for the construction method in which the wall is built from prefabricated double wall elements. These consist of two thin wall shells (e.g. 4.5 to 7.5 cm thick on the inside, 5 to 7.5 cm thick on the outside), which are connected to the remaining space by lattice girders. In the case of reinforced walls, all or part of the structurally required reinforcement is inserted into the wall shells. The usual dimensions for the double wall elements are heights up to 3 m and lengths up to 6 m. The usual wall thicknesses are 18-42 cm. After setting up the storey-high element walls on the construction site

CH 714 639 A2 the space between the two wall shells is filled with ready-mixed concrete so that the overall cross-section is monolithic after the concrete has hardened. Depending on the formwork used in the precast plant, the visible concrete surfaces are smooth, flat and dense. The hollow bodies of the components, which are open on one side, are now preferably installed according to the invention in the precast plant flush with the surface of the double wall elements on the visible side of the element wall.

After inserting the desired sound absorber into the hollow body, which can only be done on site at the construction site, the component according to the invention can also be closed with a lid, which is then placed on the open side of the hollow body. When mounted, it is preferably arranged flush with the ceiling or wall. In a preferred embodiment, this is a perforated cover e.g. made of aluminum, stainless steel, plastic or special concrete. Other options instead of a lid can be: a tension sail, a fabric wallpaper or a stainless steel sheet in which openings have been lasered.

According to the invention, an edge strip is arranged on the side wall of the floor, which partially or completely surrounds an edge of the side wall. When installed, the skirting is flush with the visible side of the ceiling or wall. A groove is also preferably provided in the edge strip, which is arranged flush with the surface in relation to the visible side of the ceiling or wall in the edge strip. The above-mentioned cover or a sealing tape can be inserted or inserted into this groove when producing a slab ceiling element or wall element in the precast concrete plant. The sealing tape prevents concrete from penetrating into the hollow body. The sealing tape thus enables an accurate transition from the skirting to the visible side of the ceiling or wall. Post-processing is no longer necessary since the edge shape is already designed to be elegant.

The edge strip has on that side which faces an inside of the hollow body, a fastener for non-destructively releasable storage of the sound absorber in the hollow body. It can be an element for producing a snap-in connection such as a projection or a spring element or a magnetic element. In this way, the sound absorber can be variably fixed in the hollow body.

In a preferred embodiment, the edge strip is made as an extrusion from a plastic material.

The open side of the hollow body is, in the installed state, aligned with the visible side of the ceiling or the wall. The sound absorber, which can be mounted in the hollow body, thus has (without mounting the cover) a visible side and another side which faces the bottom of the hollow body. There may be a cavity between the floor and the sound absorber.

In one embodiment of the invention, a vibrating body, for example a steel plate, a steel plate or an aluminum foil, is arranged in this cavity in addition to the sound absorber. The sound absorber itself preferably comprises a layer of sound-permeable material (e.g. expanded clay balls) and a broadband frequency absorber.

The bottom of the hollow body, which faces the sound absorber in the installed state, can be at least partially made of a magnetic material, which allows its attachment with a certain contact pressure, for example on a steel formwork with magnetic means. That side of the floor which, when installed, adjoins the ceiling or wall can be provided with a coating that reduces sound transmission. Other materials that are used for the floor and / or the side walls of the hollow body: a thin-walled concrete cover, a thin-walled plastic cover, a thin-walled cardboard sleeve or a combination of a thin-walled plastic sleeve and a thin-walled metal sleeve.

The invention further relates to a slab ceiling element or double wall element made of reinforced concrete and with lattice girders in which the component according to the invention is inserted flush with the surface. The quality of the surface that is created corresponds to the quality of an exposed concrete surface. By using the sealing tape mentioned in the manufacture of the slab ceiling element or the wall element in the precast concrete plant, there is a smooth, clean visible edge along the hollow body.

The height of the component according to the invention installed flush with the surface of the ceiling or wall, in particular the height of the hollow body, preferably corresponds at most to the height of a prescribed concrete covering of a reinforcement. The height of the hollow body is made up of the thickness of the floor including the coating, the height of the surrounding side wall and the edge strip. In an exemplary embodiment, the height of the hollow body is 30 mm, with a thickness of the slab ceiling element of 50 mm. With such a dimensioning, the component according to the invention can be designed to have a relatively large area without it colliding with the reinforcement of the ceiling or wall.

Alternatively, there is the possibility of making the height of the hollow body higher, that is to say making it thicker than the height of the concrete cover according to the regulations. This is particularly advantageous if a further improvement in the sound results is to be achieved. With such a design, the component according to the invention is designed to be relatively small in area and usually engages between the reinforcement.

[0019] A method for producing a slab ceiling element or a double-wall element comprising the component according to the invention for sound absorption comprises the following steps:

CH 714 639 A2 [0020] In a first step, at least one hollow body of a component according to the invention is arranged with its open side lying on a formwork bed. A sound absorber is preferably not yet inserted into the hollow body, so that it is empty. The side wall of the hollow body has an edge strip with a groove in which a sealing tape is arranged.

In a second step, a contact pressure of the hollow body and with it the sealing tape against the formwork bed is generated. If the formwork bed consists of a magnetic metal, for example a steel formwork as in a precast concrete plant, this contact pressure can be generated by magnetic means. To do this, only the bottom of the hollow body has to be made at least partially of a magnetic material. The magnetic means can consist of one or more magnets, which are simply arranged in the still empty hollow body between its bottom and the formwork bed.

Then the concrete is poured. Due to the contact pressure, no concrete can penetrate into the hollow body, so that a smooth, visually appealing edge is created along the sealing tape. During or after demoulding, the magnetic pressing means can simply be removed and reused.

Of course, a contact pressure for the sealing tape could also in other ways, e.g. generated by mechanical means.

BRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE FIGURES The invention is to be explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments in connection with the drawing.

1 schematically shows a cross section of the component according to the invention installed flush with the surface in a ceiling or a wall in a first embodiment;

2 schematically shows a further embodiment of the component according to the invention with a sound absorber that is varied in comparison to the first embodiment in an exploded view;

Fig. 3 shows the embodiment of Figure 2 in a further exploded view, part of a slab ceiling element (also called filigree plate) with a built-in hollow body, which is flush with the plate ceiling element and the sound absorber with cover which is intended for insertion into the hollow body;

4 shows a schematic representation of a slab ceiling element and a wall element, each with a built-in component according to the invention;

5 partial step of a method for producing a slab ceiling element with a built-in component according to the invention.

WAYS OF IMPLEMENTING THE INVENTION [0025] FIG. 1 shows the component 1 according to the invention installed in a ceiling 3, for example a slab ceiling, or a wall 4, for example a double wall. The slab ceiling and the double wall are, for example, prefabricated concrete parts from a precast concrete plant, the final assembly of which takes place on the construction site. In this case, the component 1 according to the invention, in particular the hollow body 2, is already integrated into the ceiling 3 or the wall 4 in the precast concrete plant. The sound absorber (30) is then preferably assembled on site at the construction site, adapted to the individual customer requirements.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the component 1 according to the invention comprises a hollow body 2 which is flush with the surface in the wall 3 or the ceiling 4. The hollow body 2 comprises a bottom 21 with a side wall 22. An edge strip 6 runs on the edge of the side wall 22. The edge strip 6 has a first groove 61 for receiving a cover 5. The edge strip 6 further comprises fastening means 62 for securing the position of a sound absorber 30 in a non-destructive manner. The edge strip 6 also comprises fastening means 63 for fixing the hollow body 21 in the ceiling 4 or the wall 3.

The sound absorber 30 is arranged in the hollow body 2. If necessary, this can also be removed and replaced by another sound absorber. The bottom 21 of the hollow body 2 and possibly also its side wall 22 have a first layer 24, which is a layer that reduces sound transmission, for example a flexible polyurethane foam.

Furthermore, that side of the base 21 which in the installed state faces the sound absorber 30 is at least partially made of a magnetic material 23.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, a cavity 8 is present between the sound absorber 30 and the bottom 21.

CH 714 639 A2 The component 1 according to the invention is closed by a cover 5 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1. The cover 5 runs flush with the wall 3 or the ceiling 4. The cover 5 is designed, for example, as a perforated cover. In the installed state, the sound absorber 30 lies behind the cover 5. The cover 5 can be designed in the following variants: as a perforated plate, as a tension sail, as a fabric wallpaper or as a stainless steel plate into which openings have been lasered.

2 shows a further embodiment of the component 1 according to the invention, but the hollow body 2 and the cover 5 are identical to the embodiment from FIG. 1, which is why they have been given the same reference numerals. The sound absorber 35 is designed differently than in the embodiment according to FIG. 1. In the embodiment shown, it is a two-part sound absorber 35. Seen from the visible side of the wall or the ceiling, the first part 35C is a layer cement-based expanded clay, followed by the second part 35B of a layer made of a foam, for example based on polyurethane.

Alternatively, there is the possibility of providing a third part 35A in the form of a so-called resonance oscillator, which, seen from the visible side of the wall or the ceiling, lies behind the layer 35B. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, this is a steel plate 35A.

3 shows the embodiment of the component according to the invention from FIG. 2. The same parts have therefore been given the same reference numerals. The hollow body 2 is inserted in the ceiling 3, here a slab ceiling element (also called a filigree slab). This includes, for example, the “delivery status” from the prefabricated concrete plant. The slab ceiling element is e.g. 50 mm thick and made of reinforced concrete 37 with lattice girders 32. As shown schematically in FIG. 3, the hollow body 2, which later receives the sound absorber 35, lies under the reinforcement 37. With a height of the hollow body 2 of approximately 20-30 mm, this corresponds to the height of a legally prescribed concrete cover for reinforcements. The hollow body 2 thus also serves as a concrete spacer in the manufacture of the slab ceiling element. As shown in FIG. 3, the edge strip 6 is flush with the plate ceiling element 3. Between the edge strip 6 and the edge 36 of the ceiling 3 there is an accurate transition which no longer has to be reworked on the construction site. The sound absorber 35 or other design variants of sound absorbers can be used on site at the construction site according to customer requirements and can be provided with the desired cover 5.

Fig. 4 shows schematically a section of a slab ceiling element 31 and a double wall element 41, each with a built-in component 1 according to the invention made of reinforced concrete with lattice girders 32, 42. The surfaces 33, 44 shown correspond to the quality of an exposed concrete surface. The arrangement of the components according to the invention in the concrete cover 34, 45 under or next to a reinforcement 37, 47 can be seen in FIG. 4.

5 shows a partial step of a method for producing a slab ceiling element 31 with a built-in component 1 according to the invention. The illustration in FIG. 5 shows a cross section through the hollow body 2 and through a formwork bed 9, which consists of a magnetic metal. The edge strip 6 is shown with the first groove 61 in which a sealing tape 7 is inserted. The sealing tape 7 lies on the formwork bed 9. As already described, that side of the base 21 which is later turned towards the sound absorber 30 is preferably made at least partially from a magnetic material 23. In this case, when concreting the slab cover element 31 or the double wall element 41, the hollow body 2 can be pressed against the formwork bed by magnetic means (shown only schematically in FIG. 5 with a double arrow), so that no concrete can penetrate into the hollow body 2 and a smooth edge arises along the sealing tape 7. The magnetic means can be easily removed after demoulding without leaving any traces on the formwork bed or in the hollow body. A contact pressure for the sealing tape can of course also be generated mechanically, for example by means of a threaded rod with a nut, which is inserted through a hole in the hollow body and glued to the formwork on a plate with adhesive. After removal of the formwork, the threaded rod can either be unscrewed or broken off at a predetermined breaking point.

LIST OF DESIGNATIONS Component according to the invention

hollow body

Blanket / plate ceiling

Wall 4 / double wall

cover

sidebar

sealing tape

CH 714 639 A2

cavity

formwork bed

Bottom 21 of the hollow body

Sidewall magnetic material sound-reducing first layer

sound absorber

Plate ceiling element

girder

Exposed concrete surface

Exposed concrete surface

Concrete cover

sound absorber

35C first part of the sound absorber 35

35B second part of the sound absorber 35

35A third part of the sound absorber 35 / steel plate

Edge of the ceiling

reinforcement

Double wall element

girder

Reinforcement first groove

fastener

fastener

claims

Claims (17)

1. Component (1) for sound absorption in rooms comprising a hollow body (2) which is open on one side for flush installation in a ceiling or a wall (3, 4) with a floor (21) and a side wall (22) surrounding this floor (21) and a sound absorber (30) which can be inserted into the hollow body (2) after it has been installed in the ceiling or the wall. 2. Component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the component can be closed in the installed state in the ceiling or wall with a cover (5), preferably a perforated cover, which can be placed on the open side of the hollow body (2) and in attached state is flush with the ceiling (3) or wall (4). 3. The component (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the side wall (22) has on its peripheral edge an edge strip (6) which partially or completely surrounds this edge, the edge strip (6) being flush with the surface in the installed state to the ceiling (3) or wall (4). 4. The component (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the edge strip (6) has a first groove (61) which, in the installed state, runs flush with the ceiling (3) or wall (4). 5. The component (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that in the first groove (61) the cover (5) or a sealing tape (7) can be inserted or inserted. CH 714 639 A2 6. The component (1) according to one of the preceding claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the edge strip (6) on the side facing the inside of the hollow body (2) is a fastening element (62), preferably for non-destructively releasable securing of the bearing Sound absorber (30) in the hollow body (2). 7. The component (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the edge strip (6) on the side that in the installed state on the ceiling (3) or wall (4) borders a fastening element (63) for fixing the Has component (1) in the ceiling (3) or the wall (4) 8. The component (1) according to one of the preceding claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the edge strip (6) is an extrusion part, preferably made of a plastic material. 9. The component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sound absorber (30) is received in the installed state from the open side of the hollow body (2), the sound absorber (30) to that side of the base (21) which faces the sound absorber (30) is arranged at a distance, so that a cavity (8) is formed between this side of the base (21) and the sound absorber (30). 10. The component (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that a vibrating body, preferably a steel plate, a steel sheet or just an aluminum foil, is arranged in the cavity (8). 11. The component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that side of the base (21) which in the installed state faces the sound absorber (30) is at least partially made of a magnetic material (23). 12. The component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least that side of the floor (21) which, in the installed state, adjoins the ceiling (3) or wall (4), with a coating (24 ) is provided. 13. slab ceiling element (31) or double wall element (41) made of reinforced concrete (37) and with lattice girders (32, 42), characterized by a surface (33, 44) of the slab ceiling (3) or the double wall (4) flush with it built-in component (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12. 14. I slab ceiling element (31) or double wall element (41) according to claim 13, characterized in that said surface (33, 44) identifies the quality of an exposed concrete surface. 15. slab ceiling element (31) or double wall element (41) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the component (1) installed flush with the surface in its height, at most the height of a prescribed concrete cover (34, 45) of the reinforcement (37, 47 ) corresponds. 16. A method for producing a slab ceiling element or a double wall element according to one of claims 13-15 on a formwork bed (9), wherein a component (1) according to claim 5 with an edge strip (6) with a first groove (61) and sealing tape inserted therein (7) is used, characterized in that the side wall (22) of the hollow body (2) is pressed against the formwork bed (9) with the sealing tape (7) when concreting the slab ceiling element (31) or the double wall element (41), so that no concrete can penetrate into the hollow body (2) and a smooth edge is created along the sealing tape (7). 17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that a formwork bed (9) made of a magnetic metal and a component (1) according to claim 11 with a bottom (21) of at least partially magnetic material is used and that the component with the concreting magnetic means is pressed against the formwork bed (9).