CH711869A2 - Air-inflated hall with window front. - Google Patents

Abstract

The air-inflated hall consists of one or more membrane shells made of plastic film material. It has on at least one longitudinal or transverse side of a frame construction, which is connected to the adjacent membrane material, wherein in the frame section (16, 18) at least one transparent ETFE film is installed, to form a window front. Advantageously, the airfoil consists of one or more membrane shells made of plastic film. The membranes are formed as double-layered membranes with an outer and inner membrane and divided into strips. The strips can be connected by a force-fit along their longitudinal edges by means of a welt with a keder connection profile. The membrane strips are 3-5 meters wide and extend over the entire hall from the ground on one side to the floor on the other side. Each strip forms a bag. These contain advantageous nationwide heat reflection mats, which are inserted into the pockets, after which the membrane strips are welded all around. Such mats are hybrid insulating mats with infrared radiation reflective metallized foils or aluminum foils. You may have installed multiple layers of absorption-reducing bubble wrap to reduce transmission heat loss. The construction of such a constructed air-inflated hall can be handled by two people and is thus simpler and faster vonstatten, as well as the dismantling and transporting and interim storage.

Description

Description: Inflatable halls offer striking advantages for various applications, such as roofing of outdoor pools, tennis courts, warehouses, commercial buildings and temporary halls for events of all kinds. They consist of a dome-shaped shell made of a textile-reinforced plastic membrane on the ground anchored their edges and sealed there against the spanned interior. With air blowers, an overpressure with respect to the atmosphere is generated in the interior, which inflates the membrane and keeps it stable in this position. It is only a small and not noticeable pressure difference to the atmosphere necessary because only the membrane weight and any wind and snow loads are to be borne. This usually corresponds to a load of approx. 25 to 35 kg / m2. So that the air does not escape when entering or leaving the air-inflated hall, the entrances are designed with sealing 4-wing revolving doors (carousel doors) or locks. A distinction is made between single-layered and multi-layered membrane casings, each layer assuming a special function. The outer shell is usually made of a fabric-reinforced plastic membrane of the highest quality, mostly translucent. The outer shell is the actual static membrane, which must absorb wind and snow loads and is impregnated against UV radiation and pollution. The single to multilayer interlayers with trapped air pockets are mainly installed as insulation layers. They should improve the heat transfer value of the hall in the direction of insulation. The innermost membrane forms the conclusion of the two- to multi-layer air envelopes. It is executed white for the light reflection. For indoor tennis courts, a darker color (for example, green or blue) is usually chosen to at least 3 m in height, so that the tennis balls are more recognizable by the tennis players. As so-called flying buildings or Fahrnisbauten fall air halls under a special DIN standard. If required, they can easily be dismantled and set up elsewhere, in contrast to a fixed component. However, building an air-inflated hall is still relatively expensive and labor-intensive. A huge one-piece membrane with two or more layered structure must be moved, which is often necessary in the order of about 20 fitters. Before the actual construction usually a continuous foundation is created. This is complicated and expensive. The dismantling, removal and storage of an air-inflated hall is similarly complex. Again, many helpers are needed to fold or roll the heavy membranes and then load them on trucks by means of cranes and transport them away. Storage can only take place in large halls where machines can unload and store the membranes.

A serious disadvantage of such inflatable halls is the generally poor thermal insulation and thus a high energy consumption for heating. The Swiss Conference of the Cantonal Energy Sources developed a Recommendation EN-8 on heated inflatable halls (December 2007) with the following statements: Existing sports facilities such as open-air baths or tennis courts can be covered with a relatively inexpensive, "mobile" air-inflated hall from autumn to spring so that they can be used all year round are usable. Covered buildings have high energy consumption, which is why these recommendations have been developed for such structures. In the following, the inflatable halls for open-air baths will be discussed in more detail, since they place greater emphasis on the higher heat demand than on covered tennis facilities. For example, an air-inflated hall made of foil material for the roofing of a swimming pool with a length of 58 m and a width of 28 m cost about CHF 1/2 million in CH-Schaffhausen. The heating costs account for about 1/6 of the cost of construction, i. For the winter 2004/2005 they accounted for CHF 81,000.-, for the winter 2005/2006 CHF 86,000 - With a 2x2-layer membrane, the heat requirement and thus the cost of natural gas should be reduced by about 30% can.

As early as March 1993, the Swiss Federal Office for Energy (SFOE) had published the brochure "Rational use of energy in indoor pools" with the following key figures related to the cubature or EBF, and there were the consumption values for 1993 renovated and newly created bathrooms conventional, solid building envelope. These values include the sum of heat (mostly fossil fuels) and electricity (including water treatment, ventilation, lighting, cloakroom ventilation, ...), which were necessary for these buildings.

For new buildings, the ratio of heat to electricity is about 1: 1. For example, the 1988 indoor swimming pool in Uster, Switzerland, shows the following summands:

Electricity 479 MJ / m2a + Estrom 587 MJ / m2a = ETotai 1066 MJ / m2a Since 1993 the most important change was the standard SIA 380/1 (2001 edition), with a separate category «indoor swimming pools», taking into account the high internal temperature of 28 ° C was introduced. The requirements for single component proofing were U roof, wall = 0.18 W / m2K and U window = 1.0 W / m2K (Klima Zürich, without consideration of the maximum percentage, MuKEn module 2). Newer consumption figures are not available. Today, it can be assumed that the consumption figures for new bathrooms can be more than halved. The key figures for heat and electricity must be reported separately and not - as in the table above - added unweighted.

An energetic consideration for open-air baths with airfoil roofing shows the following: A crucial component is the film of the air-inflated hall. With the current state of the art, the roof can be constructed with 2x2 membranes, giving a U-value of about 1.1 W / m2K. There are also 3- or only 2-layered membrane roofs with a significantly worse U-value (3-layer approx. 1.9 W / m2K). For the coverage of a swimming pool, the extra cost for the best construction in view of the high consequential costs due to the energy consumption in any case makes sense. In contrast, a certain permeability of the film for solar radiation is to be considered positive. The g-value is estimated to be 0.1 (0.07 to 0.2). It should also be considered that the components in the soil also cause heat dissipation. In an indoor pool, these components are well insulated. If an existing outdoor pool is only covered for the winter, these components are rarely insulated. In order to reduce the heat losses into the soil, an approx. 1 m deep perimeter insulation must be integrated into the concrete foundation 23 between the two anchorages of the membrane. This can reduce the heat dissipation into the ground (for calculation see standard EN 13370).

The following is a comparison of the heat demand for different film structures for the roofing of a swimming pool in Schaffhausen, Switzerland given, with a g-value of 0.1:

As a result, this means that even with a 3-layer membrane (U value about 1.9 W / m2K), the energy requirement is about 2000 MJ / m2a. This consumption is about four times higher than for a 1993 built indoor pool medium size. The applicable requirements for thermal insulation in accordance with SIA 38011 (2001 edition) of approx. 300 MJ / m2a can not be met with a conventional air-inflated hall by about 5 to 6 times. (Calculations: Ingenieurbüro R. Mäder, CH-Schaffhausen, on behalf of the EnFK.) The operating experience of the bath in Schaffhausen confirm these high consumption values, as the evaluation of the consumption data 2004 to 2006 by the engineering firm Mäder showed.

For sports halls with less stringent room temperature requirements, a comparison of the annual costs was created for a typical hall of 35 m x 35 m. It can be seen that the additional cost of a 2x2-layer membrane can usually be amortized even at lower indoor temperatures, with lower heat costs alone, as shown in the table below for a 35m x 35m indoor tennis court with 2 courts:

In summary, it can be stated that currently covered with airfields sports facilities can not meet the requirements for thermal insulation of the building envelope. In particular, the roofing of an open-air bath with an air-inflated hall leads to a very high energy consumption, which is more than four to five times higher than for a "normal" indoor pool.

The object of the present invention is to flood an air-inflated hall at least partially with daylight to create an ambience and atmospheric and visible connection with the outside in the interior of the air-inflated hall. Another object of the invention is to improve the acoustics within the air-inflated hall and thereby create a more comfortable atmosphere. Yet another object is to provide such an air-inflated hall with daylight inside, which can be erected more quickly and with far less personnel expenditure than before, and the need as quickly and easily degradable and easily transportable and interposable. And finally, it is an object of the invention is to provide such air-inflated hall with a much better thermal insulation and thus can meet the applicable requirements for the thermal insulation of a building envelope. The fourth object of this invention is to improve the acoustics within the airfield and thereby create a more comfortable atmosphere.

This object is achieved by a airfoil with one or more membrane sleeves made of fabric-reinforced plastic membrane, in which heat reflection mats are inserted between the individual membrane webs.

In the drawings, embodiments of such air-inflated hall are shown and they are described below with reference to these drawings, their structure will be explained and their effect will be explained.

It shows: [0014]

Fig. 1: An internally insulated strip foundation made of concrete with a cast connection profile as

Anchor rail;

Fig. 2: A membrane strip of the membrane to be built ranging from one side of the hall to the other;

Fig. 3 is a section along the line A-A in Fig. 2, showing how two membrane strips are joined together along their length with a profile on the outside;

Fig. 4 is a section along the line A-A in Fig. 2, showing how two membrane strips are joined together along their length with a profile on the inside;

Fig. 5: The bottom-reaching end portion of a membrane strip shown in a longitudinal section;

Fig. 6: The overlap of two membrane strips along their longitudinal edges;

Fig. 7: The structure of a hall by means of strung together membrane strips with their longitudinal edges miteinan the connected by means of a respective piping and associated connection profile, shown schematically;

Fig. 8: A connection profile for two along the longitudinal edge of a film web extending piping;

9: the welding of a welt in the edge region of a membrane strip;

Fig. 10: The joining of a welt, which is covered by a film section, by welding on this

Section at the edge of the membrane strip;

Fig. 11: The connection of two membrane strips, each with a piping along its longitudinal edge, by means of a connection profile Ver according to Fig. 8;

Fig. 12: The connection of two membrane webs along their longitudinal edges, fastened by means of a connecting profile and a single piping, only at one of the two membrane edges;

Fig. 13: A airfoil in cross section, with transverse to the direction of the film webs and the connec tion profiles for the piping, for connecting two adjacent film webs;

FIG. 14: Two 2-layer membrane webs to be joined together when introducing a heat reflection mat; FIG.

Fig. 15: The insertion of a heat reflection mat in a 2-layer membrane construction shown enlarged, and the adjacent 2-layer membrane web with a to be pushed over the piping connection profile;

Fig. 16: The front of an air-inflated hall, that is along the tennis fields erlaufend as an air-supported ten nishalle for two tennis courts in an elevation;

Fig. 17: The front wall construction with the inserted film web before the subsequent inflation of the

Air dome.

Fig. 18: A longitudinal view of the airfoil after successful inflation

Fig. 19: This air-inflated hall according to FIGS. 14 to 16 seen in a plan view, with the field lines of the two

Tennis courts on their floor;

Fig. 20: An air-inflated hall for three tennis fields in a front view

Fig. 21: The floor plan of the airfoil hall according to Fig. 18, drawn with three tennis fields on its floor;

Fig. 22: The one front or back of an air-inflated hall, that is along the head side of the tennis fields duri fend, according to the same construction principle, in an elevation;

Fig. 23: A Traglufthalle for three tennis fields shown in a bird's eye view;

Fig. 24: The plan view of another embodiment of a tennis air-inflatable hall, for two tennis fields;

Fig. 25: The longitudinal side of this air-inflated hall of Figure 16, that is along the top of the tennis courts duri fende, with from the bottom 3.5 meters high window front, shown in elevation, with marked tennis nets.

Fig. 26: This air-inflated hall according to Figures 16 and 17 in a view of one of their front sides, which run along the longitudinal sides of the tennis fields, with windows.

Fig. 27: A perspective view of this air-inflated hall with windows, seen over the two tennis courts;

Fig. 28: A perspective view from the inside of this air-inflated hall, seen through a tennis court to the outside, against a corner.

In the conventional air halls to be supported by air pressure membrane of several overlapping at the edge membrane strips to a 2-3-part membrane airtight and firmly welded together. The 2-3 membrane parts are screwed together using clamping plates. The zusammengeschraubte membrane is then connected with its edge all around foundations or ground anchors. This membrane of a conventional air-inflated hall thus forms a continuous, smooth surface inside and outside, and it is not possible to fix it on the inside anything, except by means of a bond. This also makes it impossible to apply a conventional thermal insulation.

The novel air-inflated halls have in all versions a very special equipment for restraining their heat inside the air-inflated hall. Their films or membranes are in fact provided with a heat reflection material for thermal building insulation. This heat reflection material is for this purpose in the form of mats, which are cut from a roll, inserted on the insides of the membrane in array-like arranged planar pockets, which are welded on the membrane. The pockets are closed after insertion of the heat reflection mats, for example by means of a Velcro fastener or by means of a zipper. As a result, the entire membrane is covered practically everywhere by these invisible in the pockets heat reflection mats.

Advantageously, the membranes are also designed in a novel way, compared to those of conventional air halls, namely of several membrane strips which are connected along their longitudinal sides by means of piping and piping connection profiles together to form a whole membrane. Firstly, it is faster, requires far fewer personnel and still has the advantage that the membrane can be easily dismantled, so that the air-inflated building can be dismantled, moved and rebuilt much easier. The individual film webs are equipped for insertion with special bags, as will be shown and explained later.

To create such an air-inflated hall only a running around the hall strip foundation 23 is constructed of concrete, in which a piping connection profile 1 is either poured or screwed as an anchor rail 22, as shown in Fig. 1. The reaching down to the bottom membrane strips 8 are introduced with their end-side piping 5 in these connection profiles 1 and anchor rails 22, so that a traction-strong and airtight connection is generated. The individual membrane strips 8 are connected to each other along their longitudinal edges, which are also equipped with piping, by means of several connecting profiles, so that a complete membrane is formed, which consists of a number of such adjacent membrane strips 8. By means of one or more fans, a slight overpressure relative to the atmosphere is generated. Due to this overpressure, the membrane rises up against and is inflated and kept stable in this position by the low pressure.

In Fig. 2, a single membrane strip 8 is shown, in a position like him if he would be installed in a hall membrane. So it extends from the ground over the zenith of the hall to the other side back to the ground. Thus measures, for example, 42 meters in length, if he is to span a tennis field in length. Its width measures depending on the version about 3 to 5 meters. It is double-layered and thus forms a bag. In this bag a heat reflection mat is inserted, as such will be described later. Such mats are roll material available in widths of, for example, 2.5 meters, with a thickness of about 25mm. A strip of 2.5m x 42m length may be placed in the pocket of a membrane strip, or two such heat reflective mats slightly overlapping along its longitudinal edge may be slid into its pocket along the entire length of the membrane strip. For this purpose, the double-layer membrane strip is welded on three sides, and a longitudinal side is initially left open, so that a pocket is formed. This allows the insertion of a strip of heat-reflecting film over the entire length of the membrane strip. Thereafter, the opening of the pocket in the membrane strip is welded, so that the membrane strip sealed all around, and then several membrane strips are connected by means of connecting profiles with the edges along their edges piping together.

Fig. 3 shows a cross section at the point AA of the membrane stiffener 8, from which it can be seen that an overlap of the two strips 8 is generated along its longitudinal edge, so that always a heat reflection film between the inside and outside continuously over the composite Membrane strip extends. In Fig. 3 it can be seen that on the here left membrane strip 8 a piping 5 is welded with a film section 6 above. The membrane strip 8 on the right lies with its longitudinal edge over the longitudinal edge of the left membrane strip 8. Its edge extends into a section 7, which is guided over the piping 5 and around it. Thereafter, a connection profile 1 is pushed over the piping 5, and thus a zugkraftschlüssige connection between these two membrane strips 8 is generated. Inside the two membrane strips 8 can be seen the heat reflection mat 13. These overlap easily, although they are stuck in different pockets. But this creates a continuous heat reflection layer over the connection of the two membrane strips 8 away and it is thus avoided that a cold bridge or thermal bridge is formed. The membrane strip directly forms the outer membrane, made of a material as conventional for the requirements of an outer membrane and weighs around 1 kg / m2, and the inner membrane could in principle be made thin. But because it lies on the ground during the construction of the hall, it must be at least tear-proof enough, with a wiping of about 500 to 600 grams / m2. It is impregnated to prevent fungal and mold growth, and both membranes are also impregnated for soil repellency, as conventionally practiced. Between these two membranes, a pocket for the heat reflection mat is formed.

In Fig. 4 the same is shown in principle, except that here the piping is directed downwards, ie against the hall interior, and the connection profiles are mounted on the underside of the inner membrane. These profiles can be specially designed, with a groove on its then lower side, in which, for example, lighting fixtures, nets, partitions, curtains, etc. can be hung. Advantageously, the inner membranes are perforated, thus achieving an efficient sound insulation. The sound produced by the blows on the balls, especially in indoor tennis courts, or in swimming bands, where it is regularly noisy, is effectively broken at the perforated inner membrane and a much more pleasant sound climate is achieved.

Fig. 5 shows the section along the line B-B in Fig. 5. The double-layered membrane strip 8 is brought together at the bottom, directed towards the bottom portion and thus runs in a flat flap 8. This we then put on the inside of the hall and lies on the ground. It can be seen on the outside of the outer membrane a piping 5 welded. This serves to connect to the ground. It is introduced into a profile that forms an anchor rail on a strip foundation.

Fig. 6 shows a perspective view of an overlap. The left-hand membrane strip 8 is overlapped by the membrane strip 8 on the right side of the image. This right membrane strip runs out into a single-layer film, which is guided over the piping 5 and this fully covers and extends a little further beyond the piping 5 addition. Prepared so a connection profile can be pushed over the piping 5.

Fig. 7 shows a schematic representation of a number membrane strips, one next to the other are arranged. They extend for example in a tennis court advantageous along the tennis fields and span them as transverse to the direction of the tennis nets on the courts.

The construction of a membrane of detachably joinable film webs is explained in an alternative embodiment. For this purpose, a possible welt connection profile 1 is first shown in FIG. This is formed by an aluminum extruded profile, which forms a groove 4 as Kederfassung 2 at its two longitudinal sides. Each such Kederfassung 2 is formed in the example shown by a tube which has a longitudinal slot 4, so that the tube circumference extends only by about 270 °. The two openings or grooves 4 in the two Kederfassungen 2 are facing away from each other directed outwards, and the two tubes are integrally connected by a connecting web 3. For the connection of two membrane strips such connection profiles 1 of approximately 30 cm to 50 cm in length are used.

The connectable with such connection profiles 1 film webs 8 are equipped along their longitudinal edges with piping 5. For this purpose, these piping 5, for example, as shown in Fig. 9, designed as a one-piece plastic round profiles with a radially projecting extension 6. A two-ply film 8 is separated along its edge into two lobes 7, which enclose the extension 6 from both sides and are firmly welded to it. This creates a traction-force-fit connection of the welt 5 with the film web 8. It is also the edge of a film web on the only one side of the extension 6 are welded, wherein the force is then not quite symmetrical.

Alternatively, serve as a piping 5, a rubber round profile 11, which is covered by a film 10, wherein the film 10 then terminates in two edge portions 9, as shown in Fig. 10. These two edge portions 9 can accommodate a film web 8 along its longitudinal edge on both sides between them and they are welded to the film web 8 on both sides firmly with the edge region of the film web 8. Even so, a zugkraftschlüssige connection is generated transversely to the piping 5.

In Fig. 11, a possibility of connecting two adjacent film webs 8 is shown, the longitudinal edges are each equipped with a piping 5. The connecting profiles 1 are pushed in the longitudinal direction of the film webs 8 on the Keder5, one after the other. The resulting between the individual successive connection profiles slots 1 allow a curvature of a membrane thus created also a relatively small radius. The slots between the successive connection profiles 1 can be closed by means of an elastic sealant. Ideally, as long as possible connection profile sections are used. Depending on the wall thickness of the profiles, they are bendable by a radius of several meters depending on the wall thickness of the profiles, which makes it possible to create an entire membrane dome from one side to the other with only a few profile sections. Such a film web 8 of a Ten nishalle, which spans the playing fields in the longitudinal direction, is about 42 m long. In addition, a few easily transportable connection profile sections, for example with 3 x 14 m long sections, or 4 x 10.5 m or 6 x 7 m long sections are sufficient.

In Fig. 12, an alternative possibility for connecting two adjacent film webs 8 is shown. Here, only the film web 8 is equipped on the left with a piping 5 in the picture. The film web 8 on the right is looped with its longitudinal region around the piping 5 of the other film web 8, and thereafter a connecting profile 1 is pushed over the piping erected by 90 °, as shown. This includes the piping 5 by more than about 270 ° and this causes a zugkraftschlüssige connection transverse to the piping 5. The individual connection profiles 1 measure, for example, about 30 to 50 cm and can therefore be pushed by a single mechanic. Optionally, longer profile sections can be used, up to a maximum transportable length.

In Fig. 13 you can see a tennis hall in cross section. The film webs 8 extend transversely to the viewing direction and extend from the bottom upwards, over the zenith of the ridge out to the other side and there again to the ground. The connection profiles 1 are pushed in the longitudinal direction of the film webs over their piping 5, one after the other. The resulting between the individual successive connection profiles 1 slots allow a curvature of the membrane and a relatively small radius. These slots can be closed with an elastic sealant.

FIG. 14 shows two film webs 8, which are connected to connection profiles 1. The film webs 8 are conventional textile-reinforced plastic films, ideally from 3 to 5 meters wide. They can be transported in rolls to the construction site, in lengths of, for example, 42 m, to form a whole dome length in one piece. If they are transported in shorter sections, they can be welded on the building site in conventional manner by slight overlap by a few cm traction and tight together to achieve the necessary length. These film webs 8 are now equipped as a special feature with pockets 12. These pockets 12 extend across the width of the film webs 8 between the cords 5, so are approximately 3 m to 5 m wide, and they are slightly deeper than 1.5 m to 2.5 m, so after insertion of a 1.5 m or 2.5 m wide mats free edge is formed, which can be equipped on the open side of the pockets on the inside with Velcro. Bottom and sides of the bags are firmly welded to the film web 8 or riveted or glued to the same. In these bags heat reflection mats 13 are inserted of the same dimension, ie 1.5 m to 2.5 m wide and 3 m to 5 m long mats. Of course, the pockets 12 and the heat reflection mats 13 to be inserted into them can also be made smaller.

These heat reflection mats are known, for example, as Lu.po.Therm B2 + 8 and available from LSP GmbH, Gewerbering 1, A-5144 Handenberg. You will u.a. supplied in rolls of 1.5 m or 2.5 m width and can be cut from these roles in sections 13, in the present case on the respective width of the film webs, while the pockets 12 are designed with their depth to the width of the rollers. These multilayer heat reflection mats are available in versions up to 12 cm thick. While thermal insulation materials such as mineral wool, Polytsrol, polyurethane, cellulose, wood wool, hemp or others are merely capable of insulating, with a γ> 0.026 W / mK, such materials disregard the fact that the radiant heat accounts for a much greater proportion of the temperature at heat loss, over 90%, because T4 = W / m2. The higher the temperature, the more dramatic is the proportion of heat radiation that ultimately leads to heat loss. Thermal protection is achieved in cascade when the heat reflection mat is multi-layered, with a variety of cumulative interactions. Thus, these heat reflection materials achieve approximately 100% reflection of the incoming radiant heat. This is so for the most part reflected back into the interior of the air-inflated hall. Conversely, in the summer, the heat radiation of the sun is reflected and inside the air-inflated hall, it remains pleasantly cool, which is especially welcome for playing tennis. The technical specifications of these heat reflection mats are as follows:

These heat reflection mats are preferably installed in a tennis court in a 3 cm thick design. They are welded all around, only for fixing, so not tight and firm. A grid perforation with T-end threads results in the diffusion-open outside. Thus the dew point degassing is already installed. For example Lu.Po Therm B2 + 8 thermal insulation or any other mat with similar technical and mechanical properties in the field of heat reflection is suitable as a make. Lu.Po Therm B2 + 8 is well suited because it is thin, simply flexible and flexible. Because these heat reflection mats are highly flexible, their installation is no problem even with corners and contours. They are not hygroscopic, and therefore they provide a consistent reflection effect. Preferably, such an air-inflated hall is constructed with a double-shell membrane incorporating a thermal reflective material for thermal building insulation in pockets 12 on the inside of the inner membrane. As a heat reflection mat, a multilayer hybrid insulation mat with integrated energy-efficient IR-reflecting aluminum foils is advantageously used. Two to eight layers of absorption-reducing bubble wrap provide the convective distances through the trapped air in the knobs for optimal convective action. This reduces the transmission heat losses. The Warmer flexion mats 13 contain up to five layers of metallized films for highly effective infrared radiation, with low self-emission. In addition, there is a highly effective shield against high-frequency radiation, waves and fields.

Structurally attractive is also the fact that the heat reflection mats to be inserted are very light - with a specific weight of only 0.430 kg / m2. In the case of an air-inflated hall for three tennis courts, with a membrane area of 2324m2, this results in an additional load of a total of 999.32 kg, or about one ton. This is almost negligible compared to the snow loads to be borne and the inherent weight of the foils.

Fig. 15 shows a film web 8 with a single bag 12. In this a heat reflection mat 13 is inserted on the open side so that it fills the bag 12 over its entire surface. The opening of the pockets 12 may be equipped with hook and loop fasteners 14, so that the pockets 12 can be closed after inserting the heat reflection mats 13. Instead of Velcro fasteners 14 and zippers can be used. On a film web 8, the pockets 12 are arranged in a row adjoining one another or in a matrix-like manner with a plurality of rows of pockets. Each is so equipped with a heat reflection mat 13.

The airframes equipped with such special heat reflection mats 13, which cover practically the entire membrane surface inside or outside in pockets 12, provide a much better overall U-value than before, namely less than 1.0 W / m2K. In addition to the heat reflection mats 13 and special acoustic membrane can be used as inner membrane, which are also inserted into the pockets 12. This allows the hall acoustics to be adapted to different floors and adjusted so that it is perceived as pleasant. The interior membrane perforated in the hall for this purpose breaks and in this case the noise. In tennis halls, the impact sounds are largely absorbed. The result is a much more pleasant acoustics than hitherto in indoor tennis courts.

The individual film webs 8 can be connected by means of the connecting profiles 1 and their piping 5 along their longitudinal edges traction, until the entire membrane is assembled in this way on the site and lies on the floor. The connection profiles of the type shown in FIG. 6 can be arranged both on the inside or on the outside of the membrane. The outer edges of the created membrane are then tightly connected to the floor or window frame. In any case, when the film webs 8 are sealingly connected in this way with connecting profiles 1 for piping 5, eliminates clamping screw connections, which are relatively more expensive to install.

Fig. 16 shows an air-inflated hall for two tennis courts in a view on the side, which extends along the long sides of the tennis courts. It is designed as a special feature with a window front. This consists of a skeleton of window frame profiles 15 to 18 and is assembled on the construction site, the bottom row is equipped with transparent plastic films, so-called ETFE films that are completely equipped with Kedersäumen and only in the window frame Profiles 15 to 18 must be inserted. The height of the bottom row of windows is around 5.2 meters, and the width of these windows is 5 meters. So they are almost square shaped. If additional intermediate struts are used, it is also possible to assemble them with unbreakable window glass. As shown in FIG. 11, the two profile struts 18 are initially made steeply at the outer ends and left loose. On them, the respective outermost foil web 8 of the assembled membrane is again fastened from the bottom upwards via a keder connection. From the upper end of these outermost profile struts 18, the film web 8 is still loose and lies in the middle on the ground, and at the other end it is again connected in the same way with the local loose outermost profile 18. It stretches over approximately 42 meters.

From the situation as shown in Fig. 17, the otherwise in the direction perpendicular to the drawing sheet level on the ground on both sides tight and zugschlüssig anchored in a conventional manner membrane, which is also attached at the rear end as here on such a window, by activating the Blower and blowing air inflated inside. She begins to puff and rises. The outermost struts 18 gradually take the positions as shown in Fig. 18 and they are afterwards firmly connected to the upper corners of the already standing profile wall and also anchored down to the ground. Then, the upper struts 19 are installed as shown in Fig. 10 and as soon as the outer edges of the outermost film webs 8 reach this height, these edges are fastened along the upper edges 19 of the profile front, by inserting Keder connection profiles. As a result, the membrane is gradually sealed better and better until it is completely and everywhere sealed with its edges on the ground or on the profile fronts 19.

Fig. 19 shows this indoor tennis court in a floor plan, drawn with the two spanned tennis fields with their field markings 20 and networks 21. The hall thus has a square floor plan, with 36 meters side length. The window fronts extend along the long sides of the tennis fields, so that they are far less hit with balls than about the transverse sides of the tennis courts.

In Fig. 20, a tennis court for three tennis courts is shown. Again, the 36-meter-long window front extends along the long sides of the tennis courts, as can be seen from the plan in Fig. 21, and those sides of the air-inflated hall, where the membrane reaches to the bottom, then measures 53.9 meters. Fig. 22 shows the profile wall of this tennis hall with the formed 5-meter-wide and 9-meter-high windows, and in Fig. 23, this tennis hall is shown in a bird's eye view. Unlike conventional airbases, this hall has a barrel-shaped roof, no longer a dome with a zenith that extends all the way to the floor.

FIG. 24 shows a further embodiment, here on the basis of the plan. It is designed for two tennis courts and measures 36 mx 36 m. In Fig. 25 it is shown in a view from the side, which runs along the head sides of the tennis courts, the networks 21 of the tennis courts are located. On the left and on the right this air-inflated hall has vertical 3.5 m high end surfaces with windows, from the upper edge of which the membrane is laterally fastened with its piping to the profiles 16. From the profile 16, the membrane then rises at an angle, up to the 9 m high ridge. Fig. 26 shows this air-inflated hall seen on a window front. The individual windows are 5 m long and 3.5 m high, and the outermost are approximately equilateral triangles, and the entire window front measures 36 m in length.

Fig. 27 shows this indoor tennis court in a perspective view and gives a better idea of the advantages such a window front offers for the ambiance. The fact that conventional air-halls prevent visual communication with the outside world is often perceived as a serious disadvantage of such a tennis hall and only reluctantly accepted by the public. A tennis air-inflated hall with a double-sided continuous window front is flooded with natural light and offers an incomparable playing atmosphere compared to a conventional tennis inflatable hall. From the outside, the air-inflated hall is lighter and stylistically more convincing, less voluminous and more dynamic. Finally, Fig. 28 shows how the view over a tennis court looks outwards.

In summary, such air-inflated hall offers a whole series of striking technical advantages over conventional constructions. 1. Enormously much better thermal insulation of the air-inflated hall by convexity of the radiant heat at the heat reflection mats. 2. Highly improved noise insulation increases well-being inside. 3. One-sided or double-sided continuous window front floods the air-inflated hall with daylight, which significantly improves the ambience. 4. The easy handling with insertable in connection profiles 1 piping 5 assembly of the air-inflated hall is greatly facilitated. It requires far less staff, both for the construction and for the dismantling. Instead of 20 technicians, the work of 4 technicians can be mastered. The assembly time is significantly reduced by the ease of use. This can save costs. 5. The tracks or membrane strips 8 of the air box can be easily removed in the spring and rolled up on rollers and thus are very easy to store compared to a conventional air-inflated hall. 6. The assembly requires no special tools. The connection profiles can be pushed over the piping by hand. To screwed clamps are unnecessary. 7. The strip foundations 23 can be factory-made as ready-mixed concrete elements and transported with inserted anchor rails and prepared insulation connections completely ready to the site and laid there. 8. The strip foundations are equipped with connection profiles 1 as anchor profile rails 22, so that only the end-side piping 5 must be inserted into the connection profiles 1 for the bottom attachment of the film webs 8. 9. There is no need for concrete work on site.

Numbering List 1 Connection profile for piping 2 tubes for forming grooves

Claims (14)

3 connecting bridge 4 longitudinal slot in the connection profile 1 5 piping 6 Kederfortsätze 7 tabs on the film edge 8 film 9 edge portions of the film 10 to the rubber profile 11 10 film then to rubber profile 11 11 rubber round profile 12 bag on film web 8 13 heat reflection mat 14 Velcro closure for closing the Pocket 12 15 Frame profile at the window below 16 Frame profile at the window above 17 Frame profile vertical at the window 18 Inclined frame profile at the outer end 19 Top struts along the membrane 20 Field lines Tennis court 21 Tennis net 22 Anchor profile rail 23 Concrete foundation strips 24 End flaps Membrane strips Patent claims 1. air-inflated hall with one or more membrane shells made of plastic film material, characterized in that it comprises on at least one longitudinal or transverse side of a frame structure which is connected to the adjacent membrane material, and in the frame profile (15) at least one transparent ETFE Foil is installed to form a window front. 2. air-inflated hall according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises on at least one longitudinal or transverse side a frame construction with a frame profile (15) along a strip foundation (23), at least one horizontal frame profile (16) extending above with a groove on its upper side, to Inserting a welt (5) of a film web (8) following at the top, and a groove on its underside for inserting the welt (5) on a transparent ETFE film which adjoins below, and is equipped with vertical frame profiles (17) as struts, with two-sided grooves for inserting the piping (5) on the lateral edges of the transparent FTFE film sections, and that on both end sides of the thus constructed window front obliquely arranged support struts (18) are installed, with two-sided grooves for inserting the piping (5) of the inside then window film and the outer subsequent film web (8). 3. air-inflated housing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer and inner membrane of membrane strips (8) is constructed, which are connected along their longitudinal edges via at least one piping with a piping connection profile (1) with Keder-mounting profile traction. 4. air-inflated hall according to claim 3, characterized in that the outer and inner membrane of membrane strips (8) is constructed, which are each designed two-ply, wherein one layer forms the outer membrane and the other layer, the inner membrane, said membranes are welded around and are equipped at least on one longitudinal side with a piping, so that a plurality of membrane strips (8) along its longitudinal side by means of a Keder-connection profile (1) with Keder-mounting profile, the keder are connected traction-tight. 5. air-inflated hall according to one of claims 3 to 4, characterized in that the membrane strips (8) are interconnected so that in each case the longitudinal edge of a membrane strip (8) with a piping (5) is connected, and the edge region of the subsequent membrane strip (8) this cover (5) overlapping encloses, and one or more Keder-connection profiles (1) are pushed with Kederfassung over the piping (5). 6. air-inflated hall according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the outer and inner membranes of the whole halls spanning membrane strips (8) is constructed, which along its longitudinal edges via at least one piping (5) with a Kederprofil (1) traction are connected, and wherein the membrane strips (8) in their end regions, 50 cm to 100 cm from the end away, a transversely to the membrane strip (8) extending piping (5), by means of which they are anchored to an anchor rail (22) with Keder connection profile anchored with piping socket profile, and formed between the piping (5) and the end of the membrane strip (8) flap (24) is folded inside in the hall on the floor. 7. air-inflated hall according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that double-layered membrane strips (8) each form a pocket in which one or more heat reflection mats (13) are inserted filling the bag. 8. air-inflated housing according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the outer and inner membrane of membrane strips (8) is constructed, which overlap along their longitudinal edges a piece far, so that the inserted in them heat reflection mats (13) overlap a piece far and the hall, as far as it consists of a membrane, is continuously enclosed by a heat reflection mat (13). 9. air-inflated hall according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the Keder-connection profiles (1) with Keder-socket profile on the side opposite the Keder-mounting profile side or in the two side walls grooves for hanging objects such as lighting fixtures, nets, Curtains, partitions etc. 10. air-inflated housing according to one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that the at least one membrane is equipped on its underside with comprehensive arrayed flat, welded, glued, sewn or riveted pockets (12), which are each designed to be open on one side for inserting a multilayer heat reflection mat (13) in the form of a hybrid insulating mat with metallized films or aluminum foils reflecting infrared radiation, wherein these openings can be closed by means of a respective Velcro fastener (14) or zipper. 11. air-inflated hall according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that in the heat reflection mats (13) a plurality of layers of absorption-reducing air cushion films are installed, to reduce the transmission heat losses. 12. air-inflated housing according to one of the preceding claims, that membrane strips (8) are perforated for the inside of the air-inflated hall, for effecting a sound refraction and thus improving the sound acoustics inside the hall. 13. air-inflated hall according to one of claims 3 to 12, characterized in that the film webs (8) measure in width 3 to 5 meters and correspond in length to the span of the air-inflatable hall to be built so that over its entire length a seamless roof membrane can be created , 14. air-inflated hall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it rests along the boundary of its plan on prefabricated concrete concrete strip foundations (23), which are laid in trenches and on the upper side anchor rail profiles (22) in the form of connecting profiles (1) Keder socket profiles with grooves (4) for receiving a welt (5) either with the strip foundations (23) screwed or cast into it.