CH701797A1 - Transport container for use with lorry for transporting e.g. biomass, has actuator system acting between inner and outer container parts such that container parts are moved relative to each other from one position to another position - Google Patents

Abstract

The container (11) has a receiving chamber (36) accommodating compressible transport goods e.g. biomass. A compressing device is actuated by an actuator system for reducing volume of the receiving chamber, where the container includes inner and outer container parts (13, 15) arranged relative to each other in a position along a longitudinal direction. The container parts are arranged at maximum distance relative to each other. The actuator system acts between the container parts such that the container parts are moved relative to each other from one position to another position. An independent claim is also included for a method for compressing biomass that utilized as transport goods.

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a transport container for compressible cargo according to the preamble of claim 1, a truck according to claim 13 and a Komprimierverfahren according to the preamble of claim 15th

State of the art

A recent development in the energy industry shows that combustion power plants based on renewable energy can be economical. Such power plants depend on the supply of biomass. The cost price of such biomass must not be too expensive. The biomass must therefore occur in the vicinity of the power plant and may not be suitable for use that promises greater added value. Such a biomass is, for example, branch wood.

Branch wood is involved in the management of forests. Today, the harvesting process for wood is becoming more and more prevalent in the whole tree process. In the whole tree method, the trees with all the branches are brought to a central processing station. These are either special harvest vehicles or cable cars. At the processing station, the trees are trimmed by means of machines and debarked if necessary. The tree trunks harvested in this way are transported away by lorry. There is a big pile of branches left. This branch wood is disturbing at the processing station and it is desirable that it is transported away from there.

There is therefore a need to transport lumber from such processing stations in the harvest of wood to biomass power plants.

As the state of the art is that the branch wood is hooked in the forest and the hack wood is driven in large semi-trailer trucks to the power plant. This process requires proper logistics to be profitable. However, this logistics is opposed by a great uncertainty factor, namely the functionality of the hacker. If the hacker fails, which is often the case, there may be 4 or 5 trucks until the hacker is ready for use again. This not only results in a space problem on the ground, but a mismatch of significant additional costs in the harvest of the branch wood in comparison to the available price of the cheap raw material. It is therefore understandable that the hacking of the branch wood at the power plant is considerably cheaper to carry out than in the forest.

The transport of loose branch wood, however, is extremely uneconomical because the tonnage on a truck is far too low. The same applies to the transport of rubbish.

From DE 20 204 089 U1 a waste collection vehicle is known which has a container for receiving the waste. On the bottom of the container, a carriage is arranged forward and zurückschiebbar. This carries a press plate. In the starting position of the carriage, the pressure plate is in an inclined position under a filling opening located in the ceiling of the container in the vicinity of its front wall. By displacing the press plate, the inserted waste can be pressed against the rear wall of the container. After opening the rear wall, the waste can be pushed out of the container with the press plate. A required for the sliding movement cylinder-piston unit is partially disposed below the inclined pressing plate between the front wall and the carriage. The press plate is also pivotable about a horizontal axis hinged to the carriage and can be pivoted with a arranged between carriage and press plate cylinder-piston unit from the inclined starting position in a vertical pressing position and back. With such a collection vehicle branch material can be compressed only insufficient. Furthermore, the cylinder-piston unit in its retracted position requires a lot of space, which is at the expense of the container volume.

Object of the invention

Object of the present invention is therefore to propose a transport container, which compacts the cargo, such as lumber, sufficiently. Another object is to provide a transport of a truck with which the transport container is transported to create the largest possible amount of the cargo at its destination. Yet another object, which results from the preceding task, is that the volume of the transport container is as large as possible. Accordingly, the transport container should be designed as long as possible and claim the actuator system, which operates the compression device, as little as possible volume of the transport container.

description

According to the invention the object is achieved in a device according to the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that the transport container consists of an outer container part and an inner container part, which in the longitudinal direction relative to. between a first position, in which the inner and outer container part occupy a maximum distance relative to each other, in a second position in which the inner and outer container part occupy a minimum distance relative to each other, are displaceable and the first actuator system between the inner and the outer container part acts, so that the container parts relative to each other from the first to the second position and vice versa are displaced.

The inventive transport container has the advantage that the length of the transport container is maximized by the telescoping of the container parts. The container parts are sized in their lengths so that they have in the second position a common overall length, which is limited by the allowable length of a truck on which the transport container is transported.

Conveniently, the inner and outer container part have the shape of a cuboid, which each have a bottom, a partially open top, two connecting the bottom and the top side parts and the other container part facing closed end face, wherein the transport container, the facing end faces the inner and outer container are open to allow a receptacle of the inner container in the outer container. Due to the cuboid shape of the container parts, these can be adapted exactly to the maximum legal external dimensions which a container transporting the truck may not exceed. However, it would also be possible to use other shapes, such as cylinders or prisms, for the outer shape of the transport container. Because ■ the closed end faces act as press plates, the wall thickness of the floors and side panels can be reduced. This in turn leads to a reduction in the weight of the transport container and thus to increase the weight of the payload.

In order to achieve a reliable power transmission between the first actuator and the container parts, mounting plates are advantageously arranged on the side panels at a short distance from the front sides, which transfer the forces of the first actuator system to the container parts.

In a preferred embodiment, the first actuator system consists of at least two telescopically extendable hydraulic cylinders. The hydraulic cylinders are stable and generate the necessary actuating forces with a small footprint. It would also be conceivable to use rotating spindles instead of the hydraulic cylinders, which pull or push apart the container parts.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, recesses are provided on the longitudinal sides of the inner and outer container part, which extend in the longitudinal direction and serve to receive the first actuator. Therefore, the first actuator system claimed only the volume of the recesses, the remaining volume of the transport container is the goods to be transported available.

Advantageously, the outer and the inner container part in the second position on a common overall length, which corresponds to about half of the total length in the first position. By this reduction in length, the cargo is compressed, the outer faces serve as press plates.

In order to compress the protruding on the tops of the container parts transported closes with advantage at least one plate which is pivotally mounted about a pivot axes, share the respective top of the container, wherein the axis of rotation at a side edge, which through the top and the side part is formed, is arranged.

In order to achieve a sufficient contact pressure on the transported material, the plates are expediently pivotable by a second actuator system from an open position into a closed position.

In a preferred embodiment, two per container part along the longitudinal direction opposite plates are present, which overlap in the closed position along their facing longitudinal sides. The paired arrangement of the plates reduces the weight of one plate and increases the contact pressure by having each plate driven by an actuator and overlapping opposite plates.

To be able to move the compressed cargo from the transport container, is advantageously the end face of the inner container element by a third actuator system variable in position along the longitudinal axis of the container parts. It would also be conceivable that the front side of the outer container part serves to push out the transported goods.

In order to move the front page to save space and with sufficient force, at least two racks are expediently arranged on the inner sides of the side parts along the longitudinal direction, which form at least two driven gears, which are arranged on the front side, the third actuator system.

Advantageously, the front side of the outer container part is unlocked and releases a discharge opening. On the one hand, the end face serves as a pressure plate on the one hand and, on the other hand, releases an emptying opening when the transported goods are pushed out.

Another aspect of the invention advantageously relates to a truck, on the loading area of the inventive transport container is transportable.

In order to carry out the transport container as long as possible, the truck advantageously comprises a crane with a suitable for branch wood grab and a 'cabin, which is arranged on the crane and during transport of the container by 90 degrees to a position above the driver's cab the truck is swiveled.

The invention also relates to a Komprimierverfahren according to the preamble of claim 15 which is further characterized by the provision of an inner and outer container part, the reduction of the length of the transport container by telescoping the inner container part in the outer container part, which length reduction of the compression of the Transport Good serves, the pushing apart of the container parts, further loading a partial charge of the cargo in the vacant by the previous compression outer container part and repeating the latter two steps until the transport container is completely filled with compressed cargo. This compression method has the advantage that the process is fast, effective and reliable. The partial charges correspond to the total volume of the outer container part in each loading batch, which significantly accelerates the loading process.

To achieve Vorkomprimierung, and to ensure that the container parts are slidable into one another, a partial charge of the cargo is advantageously compressed after loading in the transport container prior to compression in the first direction in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

Thus, the cargo to be removed quickly at its destination from the transport container that compressed in the transport container present transport material expediently ejected by means of a variable position end face of the outer container part along the longitudinal direction of the transport container.

Hereinafter, the invention with reference to the figures in a schematic representation will be described in more detail. It shows: <Tb> FIG. 1: <sep> is a perspective view of a transport container in an exploded position; <Tb> FIG. FIG. 2: <sep> is a perspective view of the transport container of FIG. 1 in a collapsed position; FIG. <Tb> FIG. 3: <sep> is a plan view of the transport container in the extended position; <Tb> FIG. 4: <sep> a side view of the transport container with an actuator system for opening plates which close the top of the transport container and <Tb> FIG. 5: <sep> a side view of a truck with the transport container on its loading area;

In Figs. 1 to 3, a transport container is shown, which is designated overall by the reference numeral 11. The transport container 11 consists of an inner container part 13 and an outer container part 15. The two container parts each have a bottom 17,19, a partially open top 21,23 and side parts 25a, 25b and 27a, 27b. The container parts 13,15 each have a closed end face 29,31, which are facing away from each other and each have an open end face 33,35, which face each other. The container parts 13, 15 are dimensioned such that the inner container part 13 can be pushed into the outer container part 15 along its longitudinal extension. In a first position, the container parts 13,15 have a maximum distance from each other, wherein the inner container part 13 is slightly inserted into the outer container part. In a second position, the container parts 13,15 minimum distance from each other and are pushed into each other so far that the end face 33 has contact with the end face 31. The length of the transport container 11 may be, for example, up to 8.4 meters in the second position and almost twice in the first position. The container parts 13,15 form a common receiving space 36. On the side parts 25a, 25b, 27a, 27b rectangular recesses 37a, 37b, 39a, 39b are provided, which extend in the longitudinal direction 54. The recesses 37a, 37b, 39a, 39b are closed at their ends, which affect the closed end faces 29,31, by mounting plates 41a, 41b, 43a, 43b. In the recesses 37a, 39a and 37b, 39b hydraulic cylinders 45 are received, which extend lengthwise in the recesses 37a, 37b, 39a, 39b. The hydraulic cylinders 45 transmit their power via the mounting plates 41a, 41b, 43a, 43b, on which they are arranged with their end faces, on the container parts 13,15. Accordingly, the container parts 13,15 by means of the hydraulic cylinder to each other drawable or wegdrückbar. As a result, the receiving space 36 provided for items to be transported, for example for branch wood, can be reduced in size and serves to compress the transported goods. The special arrangement of the hydraulic cylinder 45 in the recesses 37a, 37b, 39a, 39b is extremely space-saving, since the hydraulic cylinders 45 take up little space of the receiving space 36. However, it is also conceivable that the hydraulic cylinders are not arranged in recesses but on the side walls. However, this has the disadvantage that the width of the container is thereby significantly increased.

On the upper sides 21,23 plates 47a, 47b, 49a, 49b are provided. The plates are pivotable on axes of rotation, which are located at the edges lying between the side parts 25a, 25b, 27a, 27b and the upper sides 21,23. FIG. 4 shows two hydraulic cylinders 51 which are arranged on the front side 29 and which articulate the plates 47a, 47b via a lever system 53. The hydraulic cylinders 51 pivot the plates 47a, 47b from an open position to a closed position. In the closed position, the tops 21 is closed. The plates 47a, 47b serve to transport goods, which protrudes on the tops 21,23 on the container parts 13,15, to compress in the receiving space 36. The compression direction is normal to the compression of the container parts 13,15, which is executable in the longitudinal direction 54. An actuator system of this type for opening and closing the plates 47a, 47b is also used to open and close the plates 49a, 49b. It is important that the hydraulic cylinders 51 and the lever system 53 fit in the closed position of the plates 47a, 47b, 49a, 49b and in the second position of the container parts 13, 15 inside the outer container part 15. In the closed position, the plates overlap 47a, 47b, 49a, 49b on their longitudinal sides facing each other in order to exert increased pressure on the protruding cargo.

In order to push out the cargo after transport from the transport container, the end face 29 is slidably received in the direction 54 of the longitudinal axis in the inner container part 15, as can be seen from Fig. 3zu. The drive of the end face 29 is effected by two gears 55a, 55b, which are arranged on the outside of the end face. The gears 55a, 55b cooperate with two racks 57a, 57b, which are arranged on the inside of the side parts 25a, 25b. In order to be able to push the transported goods out of the transport container by means of the end face 29, the end face 31 has to be open.

Another aspect of the invention can be seen in Fig. 5. The transport container 11 is arranged on the loading area of a truck 59. At a short distance from the front side 29 is a loading crane 61 with a suitable for branch wood gripper 63. On the loading crane 61, a cab 65 is pivotally mounted. If the truck is in motion, the cab 65 can be swiveled onto the roof of the driver's cab 67. This is indicated by the dashed representation of the car 65 in Fig. 5. The present transport position of the car 65 is space-saving and goes in favor of the length of the transport container 11. The described transport position of the car 65, the transport container 11 may be up to 1 meter longer than in arrangements of the car 65 between the transport container 11 and the driver's cab 67th ,

In principle, the inventive transport container loaded on the truck so that the inner container part adjacent to the cab or vice versa, the outer container part is adjacent to the cab.

The compression method for loading the transport container 11 and the subsequent compression of the transported goods works as follows:

To load the receiving space 36, this is as large as possible, d. h., That the container parts 13,15 are in their first position. The plates 47a, 47b, 49a, 49b are pivoted into their open position. Now, the receiving space 36 as long as transported goods, such as lumber, loaded until the cargo over the tops 21,23 protrudes. In the next method step, the plates 47a, 47b, 49a, 49b are pivoted by means of the hydraulic cylinder 51 in its closed position. The transported goods are compressed for the first time. In the next step, the container parts 13, 15 are pushed into their second position with the aid of the hydraulic cylinders 45. The transported goods are compressed a second time. Then the container parts 13,15 are moved back to their first position and the vacant receiving space 36 is again filled with cargo. This process is repeated until the cargo in the transport container with the available hydraulic power can not be further compressed. After the car 63 and the loading crane 61 have been pivoted into their transport position, the truck transports the cargo to its destination. The container parts 13, 15 are in their second position during transport.

This Komprimierverfahren works quickly and effectively, since each Teilgutladung prior to compression, the entire volume of the outer container part 15 is available as a receiving space. It can therefore be compressed per Kompression cycle a large volume of cargo.

Arrived at the destination, the end face 29 is opened and the transported material by means of the end plate 31, which is driven via the gear 55 / racks 57 system, pushed out of the transport container 11.

According to a preferred embodiment (not shown in the figures), the Ausschiebewand with the hydraulic cylinder 45 can be coupled. This has the advantage that no further mechanism and no further drive are required on the inner walls of the container. In this embodiment, the unloading of the goods to be transported is performed as follows: First, the end face of a container part, e.g. End face 31 (e.g., pivoted or raised) and the container parts pushed into each other as far as possible. Thereafter, the end face 31 is coupled to the hydraulic cylinders 45 and the container parts moved apart again. In this case, the cargo also shifts in the direction of displacement of the hydraulic cylinder. When the container parts have moved apart as far as possible, the connection with the hydraulic cylinders is released and the end face 31 is latched in the position assumed on the container part. Thereafter, the container parts are moved together again, wherein the Astgut is pushed out of the receiving space.

Legend:

[0038] <Tb> 11 <sep> Shipping containers <tb> 13 <sep> Inner container part <tb> 15 <sep> Outer container part <Tb> 17.19 <sep> floors <tb> 21, 23 <sep> tops <tb> 25a, 25b <sep> Side parts of the inner container part <tb> 27a, 27b <sep> Side parts of the outer container part <tb> 29,31 <sep> Closed ends <tb> 33, 35 <sep> Open face <Tb> 36 <sep> accommodation space <tb> 37a, 37b <sep> Recesses on the inner container part <tb> 39a, 39b <sep> Recesses on the outer container part <tb> 41a, 41b <sep> Mounting plates <tb> 43a, 43b <sep> Mounting plates <Tb> 45 <sep> hydraulic cylinders <tb> 47a, 47b <sep> plates <tb> 49a, 49b <sep> plates <Tb> 51 <sep> hydraulic cylinders <Tb> 53 <sep> lever system <tb> 54 <sep> Shift direction, longitudinal direction <tb> 55a, 55b <sep> gears <tb> 57a, 57b <sep> Racks <Tb> 59 <sep> Truck <Tb> 61 <sep> crane <Tb> 63 <sep> Grapples <Tb> 65 <sep> Cabin <Tb> 67 <sep> cab

Claims (17)

1. Transport container (11) for compressible cargo such as biomass or refuse, especially lumber, with - A receiving space (36), in which the transported goods to be compressed is abandoned and a compression device actuatable by a first actuator system (45) for reducing the volume of the receiving space (36), characterized in that the transport container (11) consists of an outer container part (15) and an inner container part (13) which in the longitudinal direction (54) relative to each other between a first position in which the inner and the outer container part (13,15 ) occupy a maximum distance relative to each other, in a second position, in which the inner and the outer container part (13,15) occupy a minimum distance relative to each other, are displaceable and the first actuator system (45) between the inner and the outer container part (13, 15) acts, so that the container parts (13,15) relative to each other from the first to the second position and vice versa are displaced. 2. Transport container (11) according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner and outer container part (13,15) have the shape of a cuboid, each having a bottom (17,19), a partially opened top (21,23), two the bottom and the top connecting side parts (25a, 25b, 27a, 27b) and the other container part (13,15) facing away from closed end face (29,31), wherein the transport container (11) facing each other end faces of the inner and outer container (13,15) are open to allow a recording of the inner container part (13) in the outer container part (15). 3. Transport container (11) according to claim 2, characterized in that on the side parts (25a, 25b, 27a, 27b) at a short distance to the end faces (29,31) mounting plates (41a, 41b, 43a, 43b) are arranged, which transmit the forces of the first actuator system (45) to the container parts (13, 15). 4. Transport container (11) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first actuator system (45) consists of at least two telescopically extendable hydraulic cylinders (45). 5. Transport container (11) according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that on the side parts (25a, 25b, 27a, 27b) of the inner and outer container part (13,15) recesses (37a, 37b, 39a, 39b) are provided, which extend in the longitudinal direction (54) and serve to receive the first actuator system (45). 6. Transport container (11) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the outer and the inner container part (13) in the second position have a common overall length corresponding to about half of the common overall length in the first position. 7. Transport container (11) according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that at least one respective plate (47,49), which is arranged pivotably about a pivot axis, the respective upper side (21,23) of the container parts (13,15 ), wherein the rotation axis is disposed at a side edge formed by the upper side (21, 23) and the side part (25a, 25b, 27a, 27b). 8. Transport container (11) according to claim 7, characterized in that the plates (47a, 49) by a second actuator system (51) are pivotable from an open position to a closed position. 9. Transport container (11) according to any one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that per container part (13,15) two along the longitudinal direction (54) opposite plates (47a, 47b, 49a, 49b) are present, which in overlap the closure position along their facing longitudinal sides. 10. Transport container (11) according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the end face (29) of the inner container element by a third actuator system is variable in position along the longitudinal axis (54) of the container parts (13,15). 11. Transport container (11) according to any one of claims 2, to 10, characterized in that on the inner sides of the side parts (25a, 25b) along the longitudinal alignment (54) at least two racks (57a, 57b) are arranged, which with at least two driven gears (55a, 55b) which are arranged on the end face (29) form the third actuator system. 12. Transport container (11) according to any one of claims 2 to 11, characterized in that the end face (31) of the outer container part (15) can be unlocked and releases a discharge opening. 13. Truck (59) with a transport container (11) according to one of claims 1 to 12. 14. Truck (59) according to claim 13, characterized in that the truck (59) a crane (61) with a suitable for branch wood gripper (63) and a cabin (65) which is arranged on the crane (61) and during the transport of the container by 90 degrees in a position above the driver's cab (67) of the truck (59) is pivotable comprises. 15. Compression method for biomass, for example branch wood, as transport goods, with the following method steps: - Loading the cargo in a transport container (11) and - Compressing the transported goods in the transport container (11) with a compression device in a first direction (54) further characterized by Provision of an inner and an outer container part (13, 15), which are slidable into one another, - Reduction of the length of the transport container (11) by telescoping the inner container part (13) into the outer container part (15), which serves to reduce the length of the compression of the transported goods, - pushing apart the container parts (13,15), - Loading further a partial load of the cargo in the vacant by the previous compression outer container part (15) and repeating the latter two steps until the transport container (11) is completely filled with compressed cargo. 16. A compression method according to claim 15, characterized in that a partial charge of the cargo after being loaded into the transport container (11) is compressed in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction before being compressed in the first direction (54). 17. Compression method according to one of claims 15 or 16, characterized in that in the transport container (11) compressed transported cargo by means of a variable position end face (29) of the inner container part (13) along the longitudinal direction (54) of the transport container (11) is ejected ,