CH554964A - Weather and light resistant polyester films textiles - Google Patents

Weather and light resistant polyester films textiles

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Publication number
CH554964A
CH554964A CH765167A CH765167A CH554964A CH 554964 A CH554964 A CH 554964A CH 765167 A CH765167 A CH 765167A CH 765167 A CH765167 A CH 765167A CH 554964 A CH554964 A CH 554964A
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CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
polyester
textile material
bath
vehicle
treated
Prior art date
Application number
CH765167A
Other languages
French (fr)
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CH765167A4 (en
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed filed Critical
Priority to CH1362467A priority Critical patent/CH476064A/en
Publication of CH765167A4 publication Critical patent/CH765167A4/xx
Publication of CH554964A publication Critical patent/CH554964A/en

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Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/12Aldehydes; Ketones
    • D06M13/127Mono-aldehydes, e.g. formaldehyde; Monoketones
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/12Aldehydes; Ketones
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/144Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
    • D06M13/148Polyalcohols, e.g. glycerol or glucose
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/35Heterocyclic compounds
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/35Heterocyclic compounds
    • D06M13/355Heterocyclic compounds having six-membered heterocyclic rings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

Producing polyester material which is resistant to the action of weather and light comprises (a) treating the polyester material in a bath contng. a light absorbing material and a carrier, the latter leaving the properties of the polyester material unaltered after treatment; and (b) heating the polyester material and the bath, so that the polyester material becomes bonded with the light absorbing material in the presence of the carrier to form the resistant polyester material. The carrier is pef. a polyalcohol, particularly ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, butylene glycol, glycerol, a glycol ether, or polyglycol. The light absorbing material is pref. chosen from the mono-o-hydroxybenzophenones, o-hydroxyphenol-benzotriazoles, benzotriazoles, or phenyl-alpha-methylstyryl-ketones. The treatment is pref. carried out above 121 deg.C.

Description

  

  
 



   La presente invention a pour objet un procédé de traitement d'une matière textile à base de polyester pour la rendre resistante à l'attaque par la lumiere ultraviolette, procédé dans lequel la matiere textile est immergée dans un bain chauffe contenant une substance absorbant la lumiere ultraviolette et un polyalcool liquide à titre de vehicule; la matiere textile ainsi   traite    est ensuite essorée et   lave    dans l'eau afin d'enlever l'excès du bain de la surface de ladite matiere.



   On prepare les polyesters par la reaction d'un polyacide avec un polyalcool. Un exemple particulier d'un polyester est le produit de reaction de l'acide téréphtalique avec   l'éthylène-glycol,    de sorte qu'on obtient un matériau synthétique qui est en téréphtalate de polyéthylène. Le polyester   synthetique    ainsi obtenu est disponible dans le commerce sous les marques deposees  Dacron  (une   matitre    textile) et de  Mylar  (une pellicule de polyester).



   Bien que les matériaux synthetiques de ce type possèdent des propriétés d'une résistance élevée à la traction ainsi que de résistance à la plupart des agents chimiques et à la chaleur, il est impossible d'utiliser un tel polyester lorsque le produit final doit   etre    exposé aux conditions atmosphériques extérieures et surtout à la lumière solaire. Les conditions atmosphériques et surtout la lu   miere    solaire contenant des rayons ultraviolets auront pour effet de   detenorer    le polyester et de le rendre fragile au cours d'une periode relativement breve qui se situe aux alentours d'un an ou   meme    moins.

  Les rayons ultraviolets reagissent chimiquement avec le polyester dans le sens d'une dissociation de la chaine du polymere,   d'ou    détérioration du produit formé avec ce polyester.



  Pour surmonter ce probleme, les   fabricants    enduisent parfois le polyester, s'il est sous forme de pellicule, avec un   adhésif    et coulent sur l'adhésif une couche d'une substance qui absorbe les rayons ultraviolets, de sorte que la surface de la pellicule devient resistante à la lumiere ultraviolette.



   Les techniques connues se sont revelees peu satisfaisantes attendu que des fissures dans la surface de l'enduit, des ouvertures et des perforations à travers cette surface forment des zones dans lesquelles la lumiere ultraviolette provoque la   détérioration    de la chaine du polymere et rend le produit inutilisable. De plus, le procede d'enduisage ne convient que pour recouvrir des pellicules de polyester dont l'épaisseur est   supérieure    à 127 microns car le processus utilisé pour l'enduction d'une   telle    pellicule n'est ni pratique ni   meme    industriellement possible sur une pellicule d'une moindre epaisseur.

  Un autre inconvénient du procédé connu   re-    side dans la nécessité d'un adhesif et cet adhesif est en general sensible aux rayons ultraviolets; bien qu'on incorpore une substance qui absorbe les rayons ultraviolets, ces rayons tendent à traverser la couche absorbante et   detenorer    ainsi   l'adhésif,    en provoquant une separation entre l'enduit et le polyester de base.



   La presente invention a pour but principal de fournir un pro   cedi:    amélioré de traitement d'une matiere textile en polyester, à la suite duquel ce demier ne sera pratiquement pas affecté par les rayons ultraviolets.



   Le procédé selon l'invention est   caractérisé    en ce qu'on soumet la matière textile, après le lavage, à une température supérieure au point d'éclair du vehicule afin   d'éliminer    celui-ci de la matière textile   traite'e.   



   Le brevet suisse   N    372273 décrit un procédé de stabilisation d'une fibre de polyester contre la   degradation    par la lumiere ultraviolette, procédé qui consiste à traiter la fibre au moyen d'une solution de 0,5 à 3% en poids d'une di- ou tri-hydroxy-benzophé- none dans le diéthylène-glycol, à une température de 170 à 185 C.



   Selon le brevet américain   N    2976259, on peut utiliser des hydroxy-benzophénones à titre de stabilisant des matières polymeres contre   l'inlluence    de la lumiere. On peut appliquer ces stabilisants en solution dans un solvant comme les polyalcools. On mentionne egalement la possibilité d'application de ces stabilisants à des fibres textiles.



   Dans le brevet   français    N  1221978, on trouve une methode pour proteger toutes sortes de matières polymeres contre l'infiuence des rayons ultraviolets au moyen de benzophenones en presence d'un vehicule.



   Le procédé selon l'invention utilise les stabilisants connus contre la lumiere ultraviolette; le but de l'invention est de fournir un procédé qui permet de supprimer les desavantages des procédés connus.



   En particulier, selon le brevet suisse N  372273, et le brevet francais   N    1221978, on enleve l'excès de la solution des fibres de polyester apres leur traitement, et on lave les fibres à   l'eau.   



   L'invention se fonde sur   l'ohservation    que la solution de traitement penetre dans les fibres textiles, au cours du traitement.



  Lorsqu'on lave simplement (ou l'on savonne) les fibres   après    traitement, une partie de la solution reste emprisonnée dans les fibres. Il se produit des lors une migration du vehicule et de la substance absorbant la lumière en sens inverse, vers la surface des fibres, et au cours de l'utilisation de la matiere textile, on constate des pertes de la substance active et une diminution de l'effet protecteur.



   Une   caractéristique    importante et essentielle de l'invention est donc le traitement thermique de la matiere textile apres   l'élimina-    tion superficielle   (c'est-ä-dire    apres essorage et lavage) de l'excès de la solution qui contient la substance active, traitement thermique qui s'effectue à une temperature   supérieure    au point d'éclair du vehicule. Par ce traitement thermique, le vehicule est éliminé des fibres, mais la   subsfance    active reste   liege    dans celles-ci. On suppose que la rapidité d'élimination du vehicule, lors du chauffage, permet   d'obtenir    ce resultat qui ne peut pas   etre    atteint par lavage des fibres   meme    repete.



   Aucun des brevets   susmentionnes    ne decrit une   telle    mesure.



   Le vehicule est generalement d'un type tel que, tout en facilitant la combinaison intime entre la substance   d'absorption    et le polyester, il n'affecte nullement les propriétés du polyester apres traitement.



   Le point d'ébullition du vehicule doit   etre    inférieur au point de fusion du polyester de maniere à ne pas alterer la forme ou la structure de ce dernier. Le polyester à utiliser peut   etre    sous forme d'un materiau textile synthétique quelconque à base d'un polyester, et par exemple sous forme de filaments, fils, meches, produits textiles tisées ou tricotés.



   La matiere textile de polyester qui a ete   traitee    par le procédé selon l'invention reste pratiquement non affectée par les rayons ultraviolets. Elle ne présente aucun signe de détérioration, de fragilité ou de degradation quelconque à la suite d'une exposition prolongee aux rayons ultraviolets. La substance   absorhante    est presente dans le polyester d'une facon homogene, de sorte que toute la chaine polymere du matériau resiste à l'attaque par la lu   miere    ultraviolette.



   Le polyalcool utilisé doit   etre    sous forme d'un liquide et de préférence ne doit pas s'évaporer lors de l'application de la   subs-    tance   absorhante    au polyester. Les polyalcools doivent naturellement   etre    sensiblement anhydres de maniere à maintenir le point d'ébullition eleve désiré du bain que l'on forme avec la substance absorbant la lumiere, si bien que l'évaporation du bain est maintenue à une valeur minimum. Parmi les polyalcools   utilisables,    on citera les glycols ou les polyglycols.

  Les glycols appropriés sont en particulier les   ethylene-,    diéthylène-, propylene-, dipropylene- et butylène-glycols, ainsi que le   glycerol.    Bien que tous les véhicules mentionnés conviennent, on préfère le diéthylène-glycol comme vehicule pour appliquer la substance   absorhante    à la matiere textile de polyester.

 

   On peut avoir recours à toute substance absorbant la lumiere qui puisse reagir avec le polyester et qui ne soit pas affectée par le   vehicule.    On connait de   nombreuses    substances qui absorbent la lumiere, et en particulier celles de la catégorie des mono-o-hydroxy-benzophénones ou de la catégorie des o-hydroxy-phénylbenzotriazoles. Une substance absorbant la lumière qui s'est   reve-      lee    particulièrement efficace est un produit vendu sous la marque déposée  Uvinul  par General Aniline  & Film Corporation. Ce  produit est une benzophenone substituee pratiquement pure, ne contenant que des traces de sels minéraux.

  Parmi les autres substances absorbant la lumiere que l'on peut utiliser, on citera la phenyl-alpha-methylstyryl-cetone, vendue sous la marque déposée  Dypnone , et le benzotriazole vendu sous la marque déposée  Tinnoin  .



   Les propoitions de la substance absorbante et du vehicule que l'on utilise pour preparer le bain peuvent   etre    variables. Le bain peut contenir de 2 à 26 g par litre, ou   meme    plus de la substance absorbant la lumiere. Toutefois, on prefere une proportion comprise entre 16 et 18 g de la substance par litre du bain car cette quantité est   suffisante    pour achever pratiquement le traitement du polyester et le rendre resistant aux rayons ultraviolets, lorsqu'elle est utilise selon le present procédé.



   On chauffe le bain contenant la substance absorbante et le   ve-    hicule afin de faciliter la   réaction    de la substance absorbante avec le polyester.



   Lorsqu'on chauffe le bain à une   tempernture    d'au moins 121 C, le vehicule et la substance absorbante penetreront rapidement dans le matériau de polyester. De préférence,   on    ne doit pas chauffer la solution au-dessus du point   d'ebullition    du vehicule choisi afin de reduire au minimum la perte du vehicule par evaporation.



   On a trouvé que lorsqu'on chauffe la matière textile en polyester à plus de   221 C,    et qu'on la met ensuite en contact avec la solution chaude du bain, le polyester risque   d'etre    endommage par l'action solvante du vehicule contenu dans le bain. Par exemple, lorsqu'on fait passer la matière textile en polyester à travers le bain à une temperature supérieure à 221 C, le polyester risque   d'etre    endommagé par le vehicule contenu dans la solution du bain.

  Toutefois, lorsqu'on met en contact la matiere textile avec la solution du bain à l'aide d'un dispositif applicateur et de façon que la temperature de la solution du bain soit supérieure à   221 C,    le polyester ne sera pas endommagé car la masse de la solution du bain chaud est telle que la matière textile elle-meme ne depassera pas la temperature de   221 C.   



   La duree nécessaire pour faire reagir le polyester de la matiere textile avec le bain qui contient la substance absorbante et le   vehi-    cule est variable en fonction de la temperature, de la concentration du bain, de la masse du materiau (c'est-à-dire son epaisseur ou son denier total) et aussi de la vitesse à laquelle   on    fait passer le materiau de polyester à travers le bain. On a   trouve    que la duree de contact nécessaire entre le polyester et la solution du bain doit generalement   etre    comprise entre 2 et 30 secondes, et une duree de 2 à 3 secondes sera suffisante dans la plupart des cas pour le traitement du polyester afin de le rendre resistant aux rayons ultraviolets.



   Après avoir ainsi traité la matière textile et avoir effectué sa reaction avec la substance absorbante,   on    elimine   apres    lavage dans l'eau le vehicule en   soumettant    la matiere   traite    à une température supérieure au point d'éclair du véhicule mais inférieure au point de fusion et de détérioration du polyester. Alors que les points d'ébullition de certains vehicules   utilisables    peuvent   etre    supérieurs à 221 C, leurs points d'éclair sont notablement au-dessous de cette température, comme on peut le voir dans le tableau ci-dessous.



   Point   d'ebullition    Point d'éclair Ethylène-glycol 197 C 99 C Diéthylène-glycol 245 C 138 C Propylène-glycol 188 C 99 C Glycerol 290 C 177 C
En general, on elimine le vehicule en faisant passer un courant d'air sur des elements chauffants, par exemple des enroulements électriques chauffants, dans lesquels l'air peut atteindre une tem perature supérieure à   2219C;    toutefois, en raison de la vitesse à laquelle la matière textile en polyester passe par la zone de chauffage, celle-ci n'aura pas le temps d'atteindre une temperature supérieure à 221 C, c'est-à-dire que tout endommagement sera empeche. Toutefois,   on    chauffe le polyester de facon à eliminer pratiquement tout le vehicule qui demeure encore dans cette matiere apres le lavage dans l'eau.

  Dans la pratique,   on    a   trouve    que l'on peut maintenir la temperature de la zone de chauffage entre environ 177 et 2320C sans endommager le polyester.



   Les exemples suivants servent à illustrer l'invention.



   Exemple 1
On fait passer un tissu de polyester du type   utilisable    pour la fabrication de voilures ou de toiles à buche à travers un bain qui contient du diéthylèneglycol à titre de véhicule et du dihydroxy2,2'   diméthoxy4,4'    benzophenone, substance active du  Uvinul D-49  à titre de substance absorbante, ce produit  Uvinul  etant present dans la solution du bain à raison de 2-25 g/litre. On maintient la température du bain à une valeur comprise entre 163 et   177     C. On fait passer le tissu en continu dans le bain et à une vitesse   telle    que le contact entre les surfaces du tissu et le bain ne   depasse    pas une duree de 10 secondes.

  Après le passage du textile à travers le bain, celui-ci passe dans la fente entre deux rouleaux d'essorage afin d'éliminer l'excès de la solution de la matière absorbante et du vehicule qui ont pu adhérer à la surface du materiau. On fait passer ensuite le tissu de polyester dans un bain d'eau à temperature ambiante afin d'éliminer par lavage l'excès de la solution de la substance   absorhante    et du véhicule qui a pu ad   herer    aux surfaces du tissu. On fait ensuite passer le tissu dans une zone de chauffage que l'on maintient à une temperature de 204   à      232     C afin d'évaporer pratiquement tout le vehicule emprisonné dans le tissu. On enroule le tissu sur un rouleau de reprise et le produit est alors prêt pour une expédition immédiate, son stockage et son usage ultérieur.



   Exemple 2
On traite une matiere textile de polyester constituée de 250 brins ou fils de la   meme      facon    que dans l'exemple 1, sauf que la substance absorbante est la   phenyl-alpha-methylstyryl-cetone    qui est presente à raison de 15 cm  par litre de la solution. On maintient la temperature du bain entre 177 et 188'C. On fait passer les fils   à    travers le bain de maniere que le contact entre les surfaces des fils et la solution ne depasse pas une duree de 20 secondes. On traite ensuite ces fils comme dans l'exemple 1.



   On obtient des resultats analogues lorsqu'on utilise d'autres substances   absorbantes,    par exemple l'hydroxy-2 méthoxy-4 benzophénone, substance active du produit  Uvinul M-40  ou encore des produits de la categorie des mono-o-hydroxy-benzophé- nones ou de la categorie des   o-hydroxy-phenyl-benzotnazoles,    pour traiter le polyester comme il a   ete      deckt    dans les exemples précédents.



   On compare le matériau traité de l'exemple 1 avec un tissu non traité de polyester provenant du   meme    rouleau de matiere, et pour cela   on    utilise les techniques normalisées permettant de determiner les propriétés de résistance aux conditions atmosphériques. On place un échantillon du matériau traité et un échantillon du materiau non   traite'    dans un appareil simulant de   facon    accélé- rée l'exposition à diverses conditions atmosphériques (appareil appelé  Weatherometer ), lequel appareil est réglé pour determiner les caractéristiques de résistance aux conditions atmosphériques du tissu, c'est-à-dire sa résistance à la détérioration par les rayons ultraviolets. 

  On soumet l'échantillon traité à 2000 heures d'exposition à la lumière ultraviolette sans observer de désagréga- tion, de détérioration ou de fragilite apparentes. Cependant, le tissu non traité devient fragile et se désagrège apres 900 heures d'une exposition aux rayons ultraviolets. Dans un autre essai, on place les deux echantillons comme ci-dessus dans l'appareil appele  Fade-Ometer  dans lequel on soumet les deux echantillons à un rayonnement ultraviolet continu. Après 5000 heures l'échantillon  traité ne manifeste aucun signe de désagrégation, détérioration, fragilite, etc. Cependant, au bout de 380 à 390 heures, le tissu non traité devient fragile et se desagrege.



   Il ressort de ce qui précède que la matiere textile en polyester   traite    selon   Finvention    est devenue resistante à   1a    lumière et aux conditions atmosphériques.



   On peut utiliser le matériau de l'exemple 1 pour   fahriquer    des voilures, des tentes, des toiles de buches ou d'autres articles similaires   oü    le materiau de polyester sera exposé à des conditions atmosphériques   variées.    En ce qui concerne le polyester de   l'exem-    ple 2, on peut l'utiliser pour confectionner des articles textiles divers, par exemple des articles vestimentaires, des carpettes, etc.



   REVENDICATION I
Procédé de traitement d'une matiere textile à base de polyester pour la rendre resistante à l'attaque par la lumiere ultraviolette, procédé dans lequel la matière textile est immergée dans un bain chauffe contenant une substance absorbant la lumiere ultraviolette et un polyalcool liquide   à    titre de vehicule, et la matiere textile ainsi   traite    est ensuite essoree et   lave    dans l'eau afin d'enlever l'excès du bain de la surface de ladite matiere, caractérisé en ce qu'on   soumet    la matiere textile,   après    le lavage, à une tempéra- ture supérieure au point d'éclair du vehicule afin   d'eliminer    celuici de la matière textile   traite.   



   SOUS-REVENDICATIONS
1. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le   vé-    hicule est un polyalcool du groupe comprenant l'éthylène-glycol, le diéthylène-glycol, le propylène-glycol, le dipropylène-glycol, le butylène-glycol, la glycerine et les polyglycols.

 

   2. Procédé selon la revendication I et la sous-revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la substance qui absorbe la lumiere ultraviolette est une substance du groupe comprenant les mono-o-hydroxy-benzophénones, les   o-hydroxy-phenyl-benzotnazoles,    le benzotriazole et la phenyl-alpha-methylstyryl-cetone.



   3. Procédé selon la revendication I, caractérisé en ce qu'on chauffe le bain à une temperature d'au moins   121 C.   



   REVENDICATION   II   
Matiere textile à base de polyester, traitee par le procédé selon la revendication I.

**WARNUNG** Ende DESC Feld konnte Anfang CLMS uberlappen**.



   



  
 



   The present invention relates to a method of treating a polyester-based textile material to make it resistant to attack by ultraviolet light, wherein the textile material is immersed in a heated bath containing a light absorbing substance. ultraviolet and liquid polyalcohol as a vehicle; the textile material thus treated is then drained and washed in water in order to remove the excess of the bath from the surface of said material.



   Polyesters are prepared by reacting a polyacid with a polyalcohol. A particular example of a polyester is the reaction product of terephthalic acid with ethylene glycol, so that a synthetic material is obtained which is polyethylene terephthalate. The synthetic polyester thus obtained is commercially available under the trademarks Dacron (a fabric material) and Mylar (a polyester film).



   Although synthetic materials of this type possess properties of high tensile strength as well as resistance to most chemicals and heat, it is impossible to use such a polyester when the final product is to be exposed. to outside atmospheric conditions and especially to sunlight. Atmospheric conditions and especially sunlight containing ultraviolet rays will detain the polyester and make it brittle over a relatively short period of time which is around a year or even less.

  Ultraviolet rays react chemically with the polyester in the direction of a dissociation of the polymer chain, hence deterioration of the product formed with this polyester.



  To overcome this problem, manufacturers sometimes coat the polyester, if it is in film form, with an adhesive and run over the adhesive with a layer of a substance that absorbs ultraviolet rays, so that the surface of the film becomes resistant to ultraviolet light.



   The known techniques have proved to be unsatisfactory since cracks in the surface of the coating, openings and perforations through this surface form areas in which ultraviolet light causes deterioration of the polymer chain and renders the product unusable. . In addition, the coating process is only suitable for coating polyester films whose thickness is greater than 127 microns because the process used for coating such a film is neither practical nor even industrially possible on a surface. thinner film.

  Another disadvantage of the known method is the need for an adhesive and this adhesive is generally sensitive to ultraviolet rays; although a substance is incorporated which absorbs ultraviolet rays, these rays tend to pass through the absorbent layer and thus detain the adhesive, causing separation between the coating and the base polyester.



   The main object of the present invention is to provide an improved process for treating a polyester textile material, as a result of which the latter will be practically unaffected by ultraviolet rays.



   The method according to the invention is characterized in that the textile material is subjected, after washing, to a temperature above the flash point of the vehicle in order to remove the latter from the treated textile material.



   Swiss Patent N 372273 describes a process for stabilizing a polyester fiber against degradation by ultraviolet light, which process consists of treating the fiber with a solution of 0.5 to 3% by weight of a di. - or tri-hydroxy-benzophenone in diethylene glycol, at a temperature of 170 to 185 C.



   According to US Pat. No. 2976259, hydroxy-benzophenones can be used as a stabilizer of polymeric materials against the influence of light. These stabilizers can be applied in solution in a solvent such as polyalcohols. The possibility of applying these stabilizers to textile fibers is also mentioned.



   In French patent N 1221978, a method is found for protecting all kinds of polymeric materials against the infiuence of ultraviolet rays by means of benzophenones in the presence of a vehicle.



   The method according to the invention uses the stabilizers known against ultraviolet light; the aim of the invention is to provide a method which makes it possible to eliminate the disadvantages of the known methods.



   In particular, according to Swiss patent N 372273, and French patent N 1221978, the excess of the solution is removed from the polyester fibers after their treatment, and the fibers are washed with water.



   The invention is based on the observation that the treatment solution penetrates into the textile fibers during the treatment.



  When the fibers are simply washed (or soaped) after treatment, part of the solution remains trapped in the fibers. There is therefore a migration of the vehicle and the light-absorbing substance in the opposite direction, towards the surface of the fibers, and during the use of the textile material, there is loss of the active substance and a decrease in the protective effect.



   An important and essential feature of the invention is therefore the heat treatment of the textile material after the surface removal (that is to say after wringing and washing) of the excess of the solution which contains the active substance. , heat treatment carried out at a temperature above the flash point of the vehicle. By this heat treatment, the vehicle is removed from the fibers, but the active subschool remains corked in them. It is assumed that the rapidity of removal from the vehicle, during heating, makes it possible to obtain this result which cannot be achieved by washing the fibers, even repeated.



   None of the above-mentioned patents describes such a measure.



   The vehicle is generally of a type such that, while facilitating the intimate combination of the absorbent substance and the polyester, it does not in any way affect the properties of the polyester after processing.



   The boiling point of the vehicle must be lower than the melting point of the polyester so as not to alter the shape or structure of the latter. The polyester to be used can be in the form of any synthetic textile material based on a polyester, and for example in the form of filaments, threads, wicks, woven or knitted textile products.



   The polyester textile material which has been treated by the process according to the invention remains practically unaffected by ultraviolet rays. It shows no signs of deterioration, brittleness or degradation whatsoever following prolonged exposure to ultraviolet rays. The absorbent substance is present in the polyester in a homogeneous manner, so that the entire polymer chain of the material resists attack by ultraviolet light.



   The polyalcohol used should be in the form of a liquid and preferably should not evaporate upon application of the absorbent to the polyester. The sugar alcohols should of course be substantially anhydrous so as to maintain the desired high boiling point of the bath formed with the light absorbing substance, so that evaporation from the bath is kept to a minimum. Among the polyalcohols which can be used, mention will be made of glycols or polyglycols.

  Suitable glycols are in particular ethylene-, diethylene-, propylene-, dipropylene- and butylene glycols, as well as glycerol. While all of the vehicles mentioned are suitable, diethylene glycol is preferred as the vehicle for applying the absorbent substance to the polyester textile material.

 

   Any light absorbing substance that can react with the polyester and that is not affected by the vehicle can be used. Many substances are known which absorb light, and in particular those from the category of mono-o-hydroxy-benzophenones or from the category of o-hydroxy-phenylbenzotriazoles. One light absorbing substance which has been found to be particularly effective is a product sold under the trademark Uvinul by General Aniline & Film Corporation. This product is a substantially pure substituted benzophenone containing only traces of mineral salts.

  Among the other light-absorbing substances which can be used, mention will be made of phenyl-alpha-methylstyryl-ketone, sold under the trademark Dypnone, and benzotriazole sold under the trademark Tinnoin.



   The proportions of the absorbent material and the vehicle used to prepare the bath can vary. The bath can contain from 2 to 26 g per liter, or even more of the light absorbing substance. However, a proportion of between 16 and 18 g of the substance per liter of the bath is preferred, since this amount is sufficient to substantially complete the processing of the polyester and make it resistant to ultraviolet rays, when used according to the present process.



   The bath containing the absorbent substance and the vehicle are heated to facilitate the reaction of the absorbent substance with the polyester.



   When the bath is heated to a temperature of at least 121 C, the vehicle and the absorbent will rapidly penetrate into the polyester material. Preferably, the solution should not be heated above the boiling point of the chosen vehicle in order to minimize loss of the vehicle by evaporation.



   It has been found that when the polyester textile material is heated to over 221 C, and then brought into contact with the hot bath solution, the polyester may be damaged by the solvent action of the vehicle contained. in the bath. For example, when passing the polyester textile material through the bath at a temperature above 221 ° C, the polyester may be damaged by the vehicle contained in the bath solution.

  However, when the textile material is brought into contact with the bath solution using an applicator device and so that the temperature of the bath solution is above 221 C, the polyester will not be damaged because the mass of the hot bath solution is such that the textile material itself will not exceed the temperature of 221 C.



   The time required for the polyester of the textile material to react with the bath which contains the absorbent substance and the vehicle is variable depending on the temperature, the concentration of the bath, the mass of the material (i.e. - say its thickness or total denier) and also the speed at which the polyester material is passed through the bath. It has been found that the required contact time between the polyester and the bath solution should generally be between 2 and 30 seconds, and a period of 2 to 3 seconds will be sufficient in most cases for processing the polyester to achieve it. make it resistant to ultraviolet rays.



   After having thus treated the textile material and having carried out its reaction with the absorbent substance, the vehicle is removed after washing in water by subjecting the treated material to a temperature above the flash point of the vehicle but below the melting point and deterioration of the polyester. While the boiling points of some usable vehicles may be above 221 C, their flash points are notably below this temperature, as can be seen in the table below.



   Boiling point Flash point Ethylene glycol 197 C 99 C Diethylene glycol 245 C 138 C Propylene glycol 188 C 99 C Glycerol 290 C 177 C
In general, the vehicle is eliminated by passing a current of air over heating elements, for example electric heating coils, in which the air can reach a temperature greater than 2219C; however, due to the speed at which the polyester textile material passes through the heating zone, the heating zone will not have time to reach a temperature above 221 C, i.e. any damage will be prevented. However, the polyester is heated so as to remove virtually all of the vehicle which remains in this material after washing in water.

  In practice, it has been found that the temperature of the heating zone can be maintained between about 177 and 2320C without damaging the polyester.



   The following examples serve to illustrate the invention.



   Example 1
A polyester fabric of the type usable for the manufacture of canopies or log fabrics is passed through a bath which contains diethylene glycol as a vehicle and dihydroxy2,2 'dimethoxy4,4' benzophenone, the active substance of Uvinul D-. 49 as an absorbent substance, this Uvinul product being present in the bath solution at a rate of 2-25 g / liter. The temperature of the bath is maintained at a value between 163 and 177 C. The fabric is passed continuously through the bath and at a speed such that the contact between the surfaces of the fabric and the bath does not exceed a period of 10 seconds. .

  After the textile has passed through the bath, the latter passes through the slot between two wringing rollers in order to remove the excess of the solution of the absorbent material and of the vehicle which may have adhered to the surface of the material. The polyester fabric is then passed through a room temperature water bath in order to wash off excess solution of absorbent substance and vehicle which may have adhered to the surfaces of the fabric. The fabric is then passed through a heating zone which is maintained at a temperature of 204-232 ° C to evaporate substantially all of the vehicle trapped in the fabric. The fabric is wound onto a take-up roll and the product is then ready for immediate shipment, storage and future use.



   Example 2
A polyester textile material consisting of 250 strands or threads is treated in the same way as in Example 1, except that the absorbent substance is phenyl-alpha-methylstyryl-ketone which is present at a rate of 15 cm per liter of the substance. solution. The bath temperature is maintained between 177 and 188 ° C. The threads are passed through the bath so that the contact between the surfaces of the threads and the solution does not exceed 20 seconds. These threads are then treated as in Example 1.



   Similar results are obtained when other absorbent substances are used, for example 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, active substance of the product Uvinul M-40 or even products of the category of mono-o-hydroxy-benzophen. - Nones or of the category of o-hydroxy-phenyl-benzotnazoles, to treat the polyester as it was deckt in the previous examples.



   The treated material of Example 1 is compared with an untreated polyester fabric from the same roll of material, and for this standard techniques are used for determining the properties of resistance to atmospheric conditions. A sample of the treated material and a sample of the untreated material are placed in an apparatus simulating in an accelerated manner the exposure to various atmospheric conditions (apparatus called the Weatherometer), which apparatus is set to determine the characteristics of resistance to atmospheric conditions. of the fabric, that is, its resistance to deterioration by ultraviolet rays.

  The treated sample is subjected to 2000 hours of exposure to ultraviolet light without observing any apparent disintegration, deterioration or brittleness. However, untreated tissue becomes brittle and disintegrates after 900 hours of exposure to ultraviolet rays. In another test, the two samples are placed as above in the apparatus called Fade-Ometer in which the two samples are subjected to continuous ultraviolet radiation. After 5000 hours the treated sample shows no signs of disintegration, deterioration, brittleness, etc. However, after 380 to 390 hours, the untreated tissue becomes brittle and breaks down.



   It appears from the above that the polyester textile material treated according to the invention has become resistant to light and weather conditions.



   The material of Example 1 can be used to fabricate canopies, tents, log canvases or other similar articles where the polyester material will be exposed to various weather conditions. As regards the polyester of Example 2, it can be used to make various textile articles, for example articles of clothing, rugs, etc.



   CLAIM I
A method of treating a polyester-based textile material to make it resistant to attack by ultraviolet light, wherein the textile material is immersed in a heated bath containing an ultraviolet light absorbing substance and a liquid polyalcohol as a substance. vehicle, and the textile material thus treated is then drained and washed in water in order to remove the excess of the bath from the surface of said material, characterized in that the textile material is subjected, after washing, to a temperature higher than the flash point of the vehicle in order to remove this from the treated textile material.



   SUB-CLAIMS
1. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the vehicle is a polyalcohol from the group comprising ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, butylene glycol, glycerin and polyglycols.

 

   2. Method according to claim I and sub-claim 1, characterized in that the substance which absorbs ultraviolet light is a substance from the group comprising mono-o-hydroxy-benzophenones, o-hydroxy-phenyl-benzotnazoles, benzotriazole and phenyl-alpha-methylstyryl-ketone.



   3. Method according to claim I, characterized in that the bath is heated to a temperature of at least 121 C.



   CLAIM II
Polyester-based textile material treated by the process according to claim I.

** WARNUNG ** Ende DESC Feld konnte Anfang CLMS uberlappen **.



   

 

Claims (1)

**WARNUNG** Anfang CLMS Feld konnte Ende DESC uberlappen **. traité ne manifeste aucun signe de désagrégation, détérioration, fragilite, etc. Cependant, au bout de 380 à 390 heures, le tissu non traité devient fragile et se desagrege. ** WARNUNG ** Anfang CLMS Feld konnte Ende DESC uberlappen **. treated shows no signs of disintegration, deterioration, brittleness, etc. However, after 380 to 390 hours, the untreated tissue becomes brittle and breaks down. Il ressort de ce qui précède que la matiere textile en polyester traite selon Finvention est devenue resistante à 1a lumière et aux conditions atmosphériques. It appears from the above that the polyester textile material treated according to the invention has become resistant to light and weather conditions. On peut utiliser le matériau de l'exemple 1 pour fahriquer des voilures, des tentes, des toiles de buches ou d'autres articles similaires oü le materiau de polyester sera exposé à des conditions atmosphériques variées. En ce qui concerne le polyester de l'exem- ple 2, on peut l'utiliser pour confectionner des articles textiles divers, par exemple des articles vestimentaires, des carpettes, etc. The material of Example 1 can be used to fabricate canopies, tents, log canvases or other similar articles where the polyester material will be exposed to various weather conditions. As regards the polyester of Example 2, it can be used to make various textile articles, for example articles of clothing, rugs, etc. REVENDICATION I Procédé de traitement d'une matiere textile à base de polyester pour la rendre resistante à l'attaque par la lumiere ultraviolette, procédé dans lequel la matière textile est immergée dans un bain chauffe contenant une substance absorbant la lumiere ultraviolette et un polyalcool liquide à titre de vehicule, et la matiere textile ainsi traite est ensuite essoree et lave dans l'eau afin d'enlever l'excès du bain de la surface de ladite matiere, caractérisé en ce qu'on soumet la matiere textile, après le lavage, à une tempéra- ture supérieure au point d'éclair du vehicule afin d'eliminer celuici de la matière textile traite. CLAIM I A method of treating a polyester-based textile material to make it resistant to attack by ultraviolet light, wherein the textile material is immersed in a heated bath containing an ultraviolet light absorbing substance and a liquid polyalcohol as a substance. vehicle, and the textile material thus treated is then drained and washed in water in order to remove the excess of the bath from the surface of said material, characterized in that the textile material is subjected, after washing, to a temperature higher than the flash point of the vehicle in order to remove this from the treated textile material. SOUS-REVENDICATIONS 1. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le vé- hicule est un polyalcool du groupe comprenant l'éthylène-glycol, le diéthylène-glycol, le propylène-glycol, le dipropylène-glycol, le butylène-glycol, la glycerine et les polyglycols. SUB-CLAIMS 1. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the vehicle is a polyalcohol from the group comprising ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, butylene glycol, glycerin and polyglycols. 2. Procédé selon la revendication I et la sous-revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la substance qui absorbe la lumiere ultraviolette est une substance du groupe comprenant les mono-o-hydroxy-benzophénones, les o-hydroxy-phenyl-benzotnazoles, le benzotriazole et la phenyl-alpha-methylstyryl-cetone. 2. Method according to claim I and sub-claim 1, characterized in that the substance which absorbs ultraviolet light is a substance from the group comprising mono-o-hydroxy-benzophenones, o-hydroxy-phenyl-benzotnazoles, benzotriazole and phenyl-alpha-methylstyryl-ketone. 3. Procédé selon la revendication I, caractérisé en ce qu'on chauffe le bain à une temperature d'au moins 121 C. 3. Method according to claim I, characterized in that the bath is heated to a temperature of at least 121 C. REVENDICATION II Matiere textile à base de polyester, traitee par le procédé selon la revendication I. CLAIM II Polyester-based textile material treated by the process according to claim I.
CH765167A 1966-05-31 1967-05-31 Weather and light resistant polyester films textiles CH554964A (en)

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US55368366A 1966-05-31 1966-05-31

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BE (1) BE699258A (en)
CH (2) CH554964A (en)
DE (1) DE1694619C3 (en)
ES (1) ES341867A1 (en)
FR (1) FR1524914A (en)
GB (1) GB1124433A (en)
NL (1) NL6707455A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2360401A1 (en) * 1976-08-04 1978-03-03 Solvay PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ORIENTED SHEETS IN THERMOPLASTIC RESIN PROTECTED AGAINST THE ACTION OF ULTRAVIOLET RAYS
DE19503734A1 (en) * 1995-02-04 1996-08-08 Nordenia Verpackung Gmbh Stabilising recycled polyolefin chips for reprocessing
CN118027617A (en) * 2024-04-15 2024-05-14 紫灿科技(上海)股份有限公司 Antibacterial waterproof ultraviolet-proof tent material and preparation method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2920978A (en) * 1958-05-26 1960-01-12 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Stabilized polyester fibres
US2976259A (en) * 1956-09-05 1961-03-21 American Cyanamid Co 2, 2'-dihydroxy-4-alkoxybenzophenones as ultraviolet light absorbers for resins
CH6834659A4 (en) * 1959-01-15 1962-02-28 Ciba Geigy Process for protecting fully synthetic fibers against ultraviolet radiation
GB978722A (en) * 1960-03-09 1964-12-23 Gen Aniline & Film Corp New compounds and methods of making same

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BE699258A (en) 1967-11-30
FR1524914A (en) 1968-05-10
CH765167A4 (en) 1974-05-15
GB1124433A (en) 1968-08-21
DE1694619A1 (en) 1972-03-16
NL6707455A (en) 1967-12-01
CH1362467A4 (en) 1969-09-15
DE1694619C3 (en) 1981-06-04
CH476064A (en) 1969-09-15
DE1694619B2 (en) 1977-03-10
ES341867A1 (en) 1968-07-16

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