CH372259A

CH372259A - Oscillating cylinder hydraulic motor

Info

Publication number: CH372259A
Application number: CH1279661A
Authority: CH
Inventors: Mingot Pierre
Original assignee: Mingot Pierre
Priority date: 1961-11-04
Filing date: 1961-11-04
Publication date: 1963-09-30

Description

Moteur hydraulique ä cylindres oscillants Oscillating cylinder hydraulic motor

0n connait dejä des moteurs ä cylindres oscil lants, qui peuvent etre hydrauliques ou ä vapeur, dopt la construction .est relativement simple, mais qui presentent des Parties foTtement sollicitees, no tamment les .axes d'articulation des cylindres oscil lants.. La presente invention a pour objet un moteur hydraulique ä cylindres oscillants dans lequel les sollicitations au point d'articulation des cylindres sont tres faibles gräce au fait que chaque cylindre est ou vert ä ses deux extremites, une de celles-ci permet tant 1'introduction du piston, 1'autre prenant appui contre une piece fixe de rdvolution, cette piece fixe etant une piece d'articulation permettant 1'oscillation dudit cylindre. Engines with oscillating cylinders are already known, which can be hydraulic or steam-powered, whose construction is relatively simple, but which present highly stressed parts, in particular the axes of articulation of the oscillating cylinders. The subject of the invention is a hydraulic motor with oscillating cylinders in which the stresses at the point of articulation of the cylinders are very low thanks to the fact that each cylinder is open at its two ends, one of these allowing both the introduction of the piston , the other resting against a fixed part of revolution, this fixed part being a hinge part allowing the oscillation of said cylinder.

Le dessin annexe represente, schematiquement et ä titre d'exemple, une forme d'exeoution du moteur objet de 1'invention. The appended drawing represents, schematically and by way of example, one form of execution of the motor which is the subject of the invention.

La fig. 1 en est une vue laterale avec une Partie du carter .arrachee. fig. 1 is a side view with part of the housing .ripped off.

La fig. 2 en est une vue en coupe partielle sui vant laxe d'un cylindre. fig. 2 is a partial sectional view following the axis of a cylinder.

La fig. 3 represente, toujours en coupe, ä plus grande echelle, 1'articulaiion d'un cylindre oseillant. Le moteur represente comprend un carter consti tue par deux coqui les 1 et 2 serrees l'une contre 1'autre par des boulons 3. Ces deux eoquilles portent chacune un roulement ä billes 4, respectivement 5, porteur d'un vilebrequin 7 ä un manaton B. Chaque extremite du vilebrequin 7 traverse un joint d'etan ch6ite 9 Porte par un couvercle 10. Ces deux cou verGles 10 sont visses respectivement surr chacune des coquiJles 1 et 2. fig. 3 represents, still in section, on a larger scale, the articulation of a swaying cylinder. The motor represented comprises a casing consisting of two shells 1 and 2 tightened one against the other by bolts 3. These two shells each carry a ball bearing 4, respectively 5, carrying a crankshaft 7 to a crankshaft B. Each end of the crankshaft 7 passes through a ch6ite seal 9 Carried by a cover 10. These two necks 10 are screwed respectively on each of the shells 1 and 2.

Le moteur comprend trois pistons 11, 11a et 11b coulissant dans des cylindres oscillants 12, 12a et <I>12b (1e</I> cylindre 12a n'6tant pas visible au dessin). Chaque piston 11, lla et 11b presente une surface d'appui pour 1e maneton 8, cette surface etant en The engine comprises three pistons 11, 11a and 11b sliding in oscillating cylinders 12, 12a and <I>12b (1st cylinder 12a</I> not being visible in the drawing). Each piston 11, 11a and 11b has a bearing surface for the first crank pin 8, this surface being

forme de Portion de cylindre couvrant un peu moins de 120 de ,1a surface cylindzique du maneton B. Cette surface d'appui presente une longueur, Prise suivant une generatrice de la surface cylindrique, plus grande que 1e diametre du piston de fagon ä former des pattes arquees 13, dont une seule est visible ä la fig. 2. Ces pattes sont retenues par des elements de bagues 14 fixes au vflebrequin 7. shape of a cylinder portion covering a little less than 120 of the cylindzic surface of the pin B. This bearing surface has a length, taken along a generatrix of the cylindrical surface, greater than the diameter of the piston so as to form arched legs 13, only one of which is visible in FIG. 2. These tabs are retained by ring elements 14 fixed to the vfleshaft 7.

Les deux coquilles 1 et 2 du carter presentent trois trous disposes face ä face pour la fixation de trois pieces d'articulation 15 pour les cylindzes oscil lants 12, 12a et 12b. Ces pieces d'articulation sont tenues par les deux coquilles du carter et fixees ä Tune d'elles par un prisonnier 6, 1'dtancheitd etant assuree par des joints 16 et 17 (fig. 2). The two shells 1 and 2 of the casing have three holes arranged face to face for fixing three articulation pieces 15 for the oscillating cylinders 12, 12a and 12b. These articulation parts are held by the two shells of the casing and fixed to one of them by a prisoner 6, the tightness being ensured by joints 16 and 17 (fig. 2).

Comme 1e montrent les fig. 2 et 3, chaque cy lindre 12 est ouvert ä sei deux extremites, une des extremites ouvertes permettant 1'introduction des pis tons 11, tandis que l'autre extr6mit6 prend appui contre la piece fixe d'articulation 15 qui est une piece cylindrique, mais qui pourrait etre une piece de revolution de forme differente. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, each cylinder 12 is open at both ends, one of the open ends allowing the introduction of the pistons 11, while the other end bears against the fixed hinge part 15 which is a cylindrical part, but which could be a piece of revolution in a different form.

En reference ä la fig. 3, l'extremite du cylindre 12 est solidaire dune bague 18 entourant la piece fixe d'artieulation 15. Cette derniere presente un conduit 19 communiquant avec 1'interieur du cylin dre 12 pour permettre directement 1'amenee du flluide de travail par 1'extremite ouverte de ce cylindre et sans exercer de Pression sur la bague 18. Cette der niere ne subit pas de forte sollicitation et peut donc presenter une 6paisseur rslativement faible. With reference to fig. 3, the end of the cylinder 12 is integral with a ring 18 surrounding the fixed articulating part 15. The latter has a duct 19 communicating with the interior of the cylinder 12 to allow the working fluid to be brought directly through the open end of this cylinder and without exerting pressure on the ring 18. This last denier does not undergo strong stress and can therefore present a relatively low thickness.

Ce conduit 19 aboutit dans un a1esage 20 conte nant un tiroir de distribution 21 .pour la commande de l'admission et de 1'echappement du fluide de tra vail. Le tiroir 21 est soumis ä 1'action d'un ressort 22 et presente une trampe 23 qui est maintenue ap puyee par ce ressort contre un doigt 24 port6 par .1a This conduit 19 terminates in a bore 20 containing a control valve 21 for controlling the admission and the exhaust of the working fluid. The drawer 21 is subjected to the action of a spring 22 and has a ramp 23 which is held pressed by this spring against a finger 24 carried by .1a

bague 18 qui est solidaire du cylindre 12. Les d6pla cements angulaires de la bague 18 au cours des mouvemenis d'oscillation que chaque cylindre 12 ef fectue ont pour effet de d6placer 1e tiroir 21 contre 1'action du ressort 22 et de commander ainsi 1'admis sion de fluide sous pression Jans 1e cylindre ou, au contraire, la mise ä 1'6chappement de cedui-d. A cet effet, chaque @alesage 20 prdsente deux lumieres 25, respectivement 26, qui sont en liaison avec deux conduites extdrieures 27, rcspectivement 28, scrvant ä 1@amen6e du fluide sous pression et ä 1'6chappement de celui-ci. Les conduites 27 et 28 aboutissent ä une vanne 29 ä quatre voies permettant de mettre cha cune de res deux conduites en Liaison avee Tune au 1'autre de deux autres conduites dont une, 30, est une conduite d'alimentation provenant dune pompe non repr6sent6e et Pautre est une conduite d'6chappement, non repr6sent6e, qui aboutit d'abord dann ie carter constitue par les deux coquilles 1 et 2 et qui en sort en 31 pour se diriger vers la pompe en passant par un r6s@ervoir de r6eup6ration. Ainsi, en agissant sui la vanne 29, il est possible d'envoyer 1e fluide sous pression ä volont6 dann Tune ou 1'autre des con duites 27 et 28, la conduite non utihs6e pour 1'ame n6e du fluide sous Pression dtant mise ä 1'dchappe ment dans 1e carter du moteur. ring 18 which is integral with cylinder 12. The angular displacements of ring 18 during the oscillating movements that each cylinder 12 performs have the effect of displacing the first drawer 21 against the action of the spring 22 and thus controlling 1 Admission of pressurized fluid Jans first cylinder or, on the contrary, setting 1'6chappement cedui-d. To this end, each bore 20 has two openings 25, 26 respectively, which are connected to two external pipes 27, 28 respectively, leading to the supply of fluid under pressure and to the exhaust thereof. Lines 27 and 28 lead to a four-way valve 29 allowing each of the two lines to be connected to one another with two other lines, one of which, 30, is a supply line from a pump not shown. and the other is an exhaust pipe, not shown, which ends first in the casing formed by the two shells 1 and 2 and which comes out of it at 31 to go towards the pump via a recovery tank. Thus, by acting on the valve 29, it is possible to send the fluid under pressure at will into one or the other of the pipes 27 and 28, the pipe not used for the supply of the fluid under pressure being the exhaust lies in the crankcase of the engine.

Le moteur hydraulique repr6sent6 est pr6vu pour fonctionner comme @r6ducteur et pour fournir un couple 61ev6 ä une vitesse de reotation relativement lente. Sa vitesse variera automatiquement et progres sivement en fonction inverse de son couple s'il est aliment6 par une pompe qui augmente la Pression du fluide au d6triment du d6bit. La vanne ä quatre voies 29 West pas indispensable si 1e moteur hydraulique doit tourner toujours dans 1e meme sens, mais eile permet d'inverser 1e sens de rotation du moteur de facon simple et efficace. The hydraulic motor shown is intended to function as a reduction gear and to provide high torque at a relatively slow rotational speed. Its speed will vary automatically and progressively as an inverse function of its torque if it is supplied by a pump which increases the pressure of the fluid to the detriment of the flow rate. The four-way valve 29 is not essential if the hydraulic motor must always turn in the same direction, but it makes it possible to reverse the direction of rotation of the motor in a simple and effective way.

Dans 1'exemple d6crit, les .tiroirs 21 6taient dispo ses de facon ä se ddplacer suivant un axe perpendicu laire par rapport ä laxe d'articulation du cylindre oscillant, mais il est bien evident que solon une va riante d'ex6cution, an pourrait aussi prdvoir un tiroir dont laxe de deplacement est confondu avec faxe d'oscillation du cylindre. In the example described, the drawers 21 were arranged so as to move along an axis perpendicular to the axis of articulation of the oscillating cylinder, but it is quite obvious that according to a variation of execution, an could also provide a drawer whose axis of movement coincides with the axis of oscillation of the cylinder.

Le moteur d6crit est tr6s avantageux au point de vue constructif, rar les Pressions exercees sui cha que cylindre sont tont ä fait sym6triques et Wengen- The motor described is very advantageous from the constructive point of view, since the pressures exerted on each cylinder are completely symmetrical and Wengen-

dient pas de @reaction entre le cylindre lui-meme et son,axe d'articulation. En effet, 1e liquide sous pres sion contenu Jans 1e cylindre prend appui directe ment contre la piece 15 qui est massive, de sorte que 1e frottement entre la bague 18 et rette piece 15 West pas influenc6 par la pression du liquide de tra vail. D'autre part, la bague 18 Wayant pas ä sup porter la pression du .liquide, colle-ci :reste ä des di mensions minima afin de ne pas alourdir 1e systeme. say no reaction between the cylinder itself and its axis of articulation. In fact, the first pressurized liquid contained in the first cylinder bears directly against the part 15 which is solid, so that the first friction between the ring 18 and this part 15 is not influenced by the pressure of the working liquid. On the other hand, the ring 18 not being able to support the pressure of the liquid, sticks it: remains at minimum dimensions so as not to weigh down the first system.

Claims

CLAIM

Hydraulic motor with oscillating cylinders, characterized in that each cylinder is open at its two ends, one of these allowing the introduction of the piston, the other resting against a fixed part of revolution, this part fixed 6tant a pie .e articulation allowing 1'oscillation said cylinder.

SUB-CLAIMS

1. Motor according to claim, characterized in that the fixed hinge part presents at least one conduit communicating directly with the inside of the cylinder to allow the working fluid to be brought through the open end of the cylinder .

2. Engine according to claim and sub-claim 1, characterized in that the fixed arti piepe cu! lation has a bore containing a valve spool for controlling the admission and f6chappemernt of the working fluid Jans 1st cylinder.

3. Motor according to claim and the sub-re vendications 1 and 2, characterized by control means connecting said control spool to the oscillating cylinder, so that the movements of the latter cause the control displacements of the spool.

4. Motor according to claim and the sub-claims 1 to 3, caract6ris6 in that the articul6e 1'extre mite of the cylinder is integral with a ring surrounding the fixed hinge part, this ring carrying a finger acting on a ramp of the drawer, this the latter being subjected to the action of a spring, the first now being supported, against this finger.

5. Engine according to claim and sub-claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the spool is arranged to move along an axis perpendicular to the axis of articulation of the oscillating cylinder.