CH257379A - Process for the production of concentrated protective colloid-free aqueous emulsions. - Google Patents
Process for the production of concentrated protective colloid-free aqueous emulsions.Info
- Publication number
- CH257379A CH257379A CH257379DA CH257379A CH 257379 A CH257379 A CH 257379A CH 257379D A CH257379D A CH 257379DA CH 257379 A CH257379 A CH 257379A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- salt
- process according
- emulsifier
- substances
- emulsions
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MJWPFSQVORELDX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium formate Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O MJWPFSQVORELDX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- DSEKYWAQQVUQTP-XEWMWGOFSA-N (2r,4r,4as,6as,6as,6br,8ar,12ar,14as,14bs)-2-hydroxy-4,4a,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14a-octamethyl-2,4,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14b-tetradecahydro-1h-picen-3-one Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@]2(C)CC[C@@]34C)C(C)(C)CC[C@]1(C)CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]4CC[C@@]1(C)[C@H]3C[C@@H](O)C(=O)[C@@H]1C DSEKYWAQQVUQTP-XEWMWGOFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 For example Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000020354 squash Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000283153 Cetacea Species 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perchloroethylene Chemical group ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HDYRYUINDGQKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M acetyloxyaluminum;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.CC(=O)O[Al] HDYRYUINDGQKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004063 acid-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940009827 aluminum acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009432 framing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012170 montan wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950011008 tetrachloroethylene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/227—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of hydrocarbons, or reaction products thereof, e.g. afterhalogenated or sulfochlorinated
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/07—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof
- D06M11/11—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof with halogen acids or salts thereof
- D06M11/17—Halides of elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/224—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acid
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung konzentrierter schutzkolloidfreier wässeriger Emulsionen. Es wurde bereits: vorgeschlagen, höhere aliphatlsche oder eycloa.liphatische Kohlen- wa:
serstoffe, gegebenenfalls gemeinsam mit Wachsen, Fetten oder Ölen, mit Hilfe von Lösungen basischer Aluminiumsalze zu emul- >'ieren, indem man gleichzeitig beringe 11Ien- O en an Alkaliseifen höherer Fettsäuren,
Sal zen seifenartiger kapi!llaraktiver Stoffe oder deren freien Säuren mitverwendet. Die- hier bei benutzten Lösungen der basischen Alu- nifiniurnsalze sind mehr oder weniger stark sauer und greifen die Metallteile der Emul- giervorrielrtungen bei längerem Gebrauch an, sofern diese nicht aus säureiestem ZVerkstoff her-estellt sind.
Es wurde nun gefunden,. dass man wäs serige, konzentrierte., s,ehutzl,oll-oidfreiie, zum Imprägnieren von Faserstoffen bestimmte Emulsionen von höheren aliphatischen oder cycloaliphatischen I%ohlenwasser;
stoffen, wie Paraffin, Ceresiin oder Ozokerit, ferner von Wachsen, Fetten, Ölen oder ähnlichen Stof fen und Stoffgemischen erhalten kann, wenn man diese mit der wässerigen Lösung einer kleinen, zur Bildung beständiger Emulsionen imbenügenden Menge einer aberfläc:henw#irk- :amen, organischen Säure oder eines:
Salzes derselben zunächst innig vermischt, dann die Lösung eines basischen Salzes -eines minde- stens dreiwerttigen Metallei zugemischt und (las Ganze kurz nachemulö ert und homogeni- #ziert. . Als basische Salze mindestens dreiwerti ger Metalle können insbesondere bas@isiche Aluminiumsalze verwendet werden.
Dieses Verfahren besitzt den Vorzug, dass zunächst eine Vorerrulsion in einer einfachen Mischvorrichtung hergestellt werden kann, die nicht aus säurefestem Werkstoff zu be stehen braucht. Bei der nachfolgenden Ho:mo- genis@ierung, die nur kurzer Zeit erfordert, wird die Lösung der basischen Salze der be reits vorliegenden Emulsion zugesetzt.
Die benutzte Vorrichtung wird hierbeii nicht so stark angegriffen wie beim Zusatz der ba sischen Salze vom der Emul@sionsbildung. Auf diese Weise wird die Ausnützung bereits vorhandener Emulgieranlagen ermöglicht.
ES ist bekannt, Fettemulsionen mit Hilfe von oberfläch.enu@irks-amen Salzen organischer Säuren, wie Seifen oder seifena.rtligen Stoffen, herzustellen, jedoch sind hierzu entsprechend grosse Mengen der genannten Stoffe nötig, um beständige Emulsionen zu erhalten.
Ferner ist bekannt, solchen Emulsionen Aluminiumsalze zuzusetzen. Dadurch werden d'e Emulsionen aber vielfach wieder zerstört, weil sich durch doppelte Umsetzung Alumi- niumseifen bilden, die keine emulgierende Wirkung mehr besitzen, oder es tritt eine Umkehrung der 'bisherigen 01/Wasseremul- sionen ein.
Eine Zerstörung der Emulsion bei dem Zusatz von Aluminiumsalzen suchte man durch Mitverwendunb von. Schutzkollo- iden, wie Leim oder dergleichen, zu verhin- dern.
Um so überraschender ist es, dass bei: dem oben beschriebenen Verfahren eine durch Verwendung kleiner Mengen an. aberfläehen- aktiven organischen Säuren oder Salzen der selben, wie z.
B. Selife oder sefenartigen Stoffen, entstandene labile Emulsion durch den Zusatz .der basischen Aluminiumsalze nicht zerstört oder umgekehrt, sondern sta- bilisiert wird.
Es wurde festbestellt, dass ter tiäre Aluminiumsalze - im Gegensatz zu den erwähnten basischen Aluminiumsalzen - die Emulsion zerstören., so dass. in diesem Falle auch eine nachfolgende Hoimogenisierung keine beständigen Emulsionen liefert.
Den basischen Aluminiumsalzen in Ver bindung mit kleinen Mengen seifenartiger Emulgatoaren kommt .demnach eine besondere und neuartige Emulgierkraft zu.
Die zu emulgierenden Fette oder fettarti gen Stoffe können auch als Gemische ver wendet werden, z. B. kann man den aIi13ha- tisahen oder cyclaaliphatis@chen Kohlenwal- serstaffen Wachse oder verseifb:are Fette oder <B>Öle</B> zufügen.
Die Menge der Seifenoder seifenartigen Stoffe beträgt etwa 10 % oder weniger, ge rechnet auf das Gewicht der zu emulgieren- den Stoffe. Die Mengenverhältnisse zwischen diesen und den basischen Salzen hängen von der Konzentration der herzustellenden Emul- slion ab.
Im allgemeinen lässt sich sagen, dass bei Herstellung konzentrierter Emulsionen auf einen Teil Alun-i'niumo@gyd etwa i/2 bis 7 Teile wasserunlöslioher, zu emulgierender Stoffe kommen.
Unter seifenartigen Stoffen sind hier die wasserlöslichen Salze von oberfläehenwirlk- samen organi2ühen Säuren, wie von hydroaro- matischen oder aromatischen, gegebenenfalls alkylierten Sulfosäuren oder von Pettalkohol- sulfonaten, ferner von altiphatischen Sulfosäu- ren,
deren Kette durch andere Atomre als Kohlenstoff oder durch nicht kohlenstoffhal- tige Atomgruppen unterbrochen selLn kann, wie Amino!- oder Oxysulfonsäuren oder von Amino- oder Oxykarbonsäuren,
die durch hö- here Fettsäuren acyliert oder durch Fett- alkohole alkyliert sind, zu verstehen.
Die erfindungsgemäss hergestellten Emul- sionen dienen zum Impräggn.ieren von Faser stoffen, insbesondere zum Wasserabstossend- maGhen von Textilfasern aller Art nach ent sprechender Verdünnung.
Die im na.chfalgenden Beispiel 1 beschrie bene Emulsion kann dazu dienen, ein. Strelich- garntuch aus Wolle und Zellwolle im Pas- sageverfaliren zu imprägnieren, indem man eine Menge von 5 kg in: 100 Liter Wasser i auflöst und bei einer Temperatur von etwa 40 C arbeitet.
Nach dem Troeknen und üblichen Fertignachen hat das Tuch waeser- abstassende Eigenschaften erhalten.
Beispiel <I>1:</I> 10 kg des Natriumsalzes einer butylier- ten Naphtalvnsulfos!äure werden in 100 Liter Wasser gelöst, auf 60 erwärmt, und dann werden damit 100 kg 60 heisstes Paraffin (Schmelzpunkt 40-42 ) in einem Kreisel- mischer oder in einer Ilurrel-Homogenisier- maschine vo@remulgz@ert. In.
dlie entstandene Emulsion werden sofort 450 kg einer etwa 60 heissen wässerigen Lösung von Alumi- niumformiat, die 8.4% A1203 und<B>10.1%</B> Ameisensäure enthält, eingerührt und das Ganze noch einmal in deiner Schröder-Hoeh- dru:ckm;as@chine bei 50 atü kurze Zeit n;
ach- hamogenisiert. Nach dem Kaltrühren liegt eine rin konzentriertem wie, verdünntem Zu stande beständige Emulsion vor.
Beispiel <I>2</I> Ein geschmolzenes Gemiseh von 70 kg Paraffin und 30 kg gehärtetem Talg wird mit 100 Liter eliner 5 % ixen wässerigen Lö sung eines .Fettalkoh -olsulfonates in einem Kreiselmischer bei 60 voremulgiert. Dann werden 305 kg einer ebenfalls auf 60 er- wärmten basischen Alum!iniumacetatlösun g (5.7 %
A1;03 und 9.5% Essigsäure) zuge- rührt und die Emulsion; in einer Ilochdruek- maschine bei 100 atü nachhomogenisiert. Hierauf Wird die Emulsion kaltgerührt. Sie ist ebenfalls in konzentriertem wie verdünn- tem Zustande beständig. Ein etwaiges Auf rahmen bei längerem Stehen lässt sich leaicht durch kurzes Verrühren wieder beseitigen.
Beispiel. <I>3:</I> 1.00 kg Montanwachs (Schmelzpunkt 48 , Säurezahl 22, Verseifungszahl 27) werden a.ufäesch:molzen,, mit 30 Liter Perchl.oräthy- len vermlischt und hierauf in einer Hoch- druc-lzhomo@genisiermas,chz,ne bei 70 mit<B>100</B> Litern einer 5%igen wässerigen Lösung des Natriumsalze.s der Oleylaminoä.tliansulfosäure etwa 5 Minuten lang behandelt.
Die entstan dene Voremul.sion würde beim Erkalten das Wachs wieder weitgehend abscheiden. Fügt man, aber sofort in der Wärme und unter Riiliren 370 kg einer wässerigen basischen Alum-iviumformiatlösung mit 6.1% .A12,0, lind 7.4 % Ameisensäure hinzu und homogeni siert hierauf in der Hochdruckmaschine etwa.
15 Minuten bei 70 und 100 atü nach, so bildet sich eine beständige, verdünnbare Einul < ion, die keine Fettabscheidungen gibt.
Beispiel .4: Man stellt aus 150 kg geschmolzenem Ce- resin (Schmelzpunkt 80 ) und 120 kg einer l a %i-en wässerigen Lösung von Triäthanol- aminseife der Ölsäure in einer Hurrelma: schine eine Voremulsion her.
In das noch etwa.<B>70'</B> heisse Gemisch rührt man 350 kg einer etwa 60 warmen wässerigen Lösung von bas!iscli:em Aluminiumformiat ein, die 52.5 kg A1-,0;, und 63 kg Ameisensäure ent- hüli@. Hierauf wird einige Zeit bei etwa. 60" in einer Ho,chdruckhomogenisiei@inas.chine nachbehandelt und a.asehlliessend kaltgerührt..
Die gebildete Emulsion ist in konzentriertem ie in verdünntem, Zustande bPStändig.
<I>Beispiel 5:</I> 120 kg gesehmo lzener Okozerit werden m!it einer Lösung von 8 kg eines von der überschüssigen Schwefelsäure befreiten, aber nicht. neutralisierten Mineralölsiilfona.tes in ?00 Litern Wasser in einer geeigneten Vor richtung, z. B. einem Turbomischer, innig verinigclit, wobei eine nur in der Wärme und beim Rühren beständige Verteilung erhal ten wird..
Durch Zugabe von 300 kg einer wässerigen Lösung eines Gemisches von ba sischem Aluminliumformiat und -chlorid (15% A1=0:;, 1.8% Ameisensäure und 5 % S.alzsä.ure) erhält man eine Emulsion, die durch kurzes Na.chh.omogenis'ieren in einer unter Druck arbeitenden Maschine beständig und verdünnbar wird.
Process for the production of concentrated protective colloid-free aqueous emulsions. It has already been: proposed, higher aliphatic or eycloa.liphatic carbons:
emulsifying substances, if necessary together with waxes, fats or oils, with the help of solutions of basic aluminum salts, by simultaneously adding ring-containing oils to alkali soaps of higher fatty acids,
Salts of soap-like capillary active substances or their free acids are also used. The solutions of the basic aluminum salts used here are more or less strongly acidic and attack the metal parts of the emulsifying devices with prolonged use, provided they are not made from the most acidic material.
It has now been found. that one wäs serige, concentrated., s, ehutzl, oll-oidfreiie, for the impregnation of fiber materials certain emulsions of higher aliphatic or cycloaliphatic I% mineral water;
Substances such as paraffin, ceresin or ozokerite, and also from waxes, fats, oils or similar substances and mixtures of substances, if they are treated with the aqueous solution of a small amount of a surface sufficient for the formation of permanent emulsions , organic acid or one of:
Salt of the same first intimately mixed, then the solution of a basic salt - an at least trivalent metal added and (the whole thing briefly afterwards pulverized and homogenized.. Basic salts of at least trivalent metals in particular basic aluminum salts can be used.
This method has the advantage that a pre-emulsion can first be produced in a simple mixing device that does not need to be made of acid-resistant material. In the subsequent ho: mo- genization, which only takes a short time, the solution of the basic salts is added to the emulsion that is already present.
The device used is not attacked as strongly as when the basic salts are added from the formation of emulsions. In this way, the use of existing emulsifying systems is made possible.
It is known to produce fat emulsions with the help of surface active salts of organic acids, such as soaps or soap-based substances, but correspondingly large amounts of the substances mentioned are necessary for this in order to obtain stable emulsions.
It is also known to add aluminum salts to such emulsions. As a result, however, the emulsions are often destroyed again, because aluminum soaps are formed by double conversion that no longer have an emulsifying effect, or the previous oil / water emulsions are reversed.
Destruction of the emulsion when aluminum salts were added was sought through the use of. To prevent protective colloids such as glue or the like.
It is all the more surprising that in the case of the method described above, one by using small amounts of. but surface-active organic acids or salts of the same, such as.
B. Selife or sefen-like substances, unstable emulsion created by the addition of the basic aluminum salts is not destroyed or vice versa, but stabilized.
It was established that tertiary aluminum salts - in contrast to the above-mentioned basic aluminum salts - destroy the emulsion, so that in this case even a subsequent homogenization does not produce any stable emulsions.
The basic aluminum salts in connection with small amounts of soap-like emulsifiers have a special and novel emulsifying power.
The fats or fettarti substances to be emulsified can also be used as mixtures, e.g. For example, waxes or saponifiable fats or <B> oils </B> can be added to the aI13ha- tisahen or cyclaaliphatis @ chen coal whale.
The amount of soap or soap-like substances is about 10% or less, based on the weight of the substances to be emulsified. The proportions between these and the basic salts depend on the concentration of the emulsion to be produced.
In general it can be said that when producing concentrated emulsions, there are about 1/2 to 7 parts of water-insoluble substances to be emulsified for one part of Alun-i'niumo @ gyd.
Soap-like substances here are the water-soluble salts of surface-active organic acids, such as hydroaromatic or aromatic, optionally alkylated sulfonic acids or petalcohol sulfonates, and also of aliphatic sulfonic acids,
whose chain can be interrupted by other atoms than carbon or by atomic groups that do not contain carbon, such as amino or oxysulfonic acids or of amino or oxycarboxylic acids,
which are acylated by higher fatty acids or alkylated by fatty alcohols.
The emulsions produced according to the invention are used to impregnate fibrous materials, in particular to make textile fibers of all types water-repellent after appropriate dilution.
The emulsion described in Example 1 below can serve to provide a. To impregnate line yarn cloth made of wool and viscose wool in a passageway, by dissolving an amount of 5 kg in: 100 liters of water and working at a temperature of about 40 C.
After drying and the usual finishing touches, the cloth has acquired water-repellent properties.
Example <I> 1: </I> 10 kg of the sodium salt of a butylated naphthalene sulfonic acid are dissolved in 100 liters of water, heated to 60, and 100 kg of paraffin (melting point 40-42) are then used in a top - mixer or in an Ilurrel homogenizing machine vo @ remulgz @ ert. In.
The resulting emulsion is immediately stirred in 450 kg of an approx. 60 hot aqueous solution of aluminum formate containing 8.4% A1203 and <B> 10.1% </B> formic acid and the whole thing again in your Schröder-Hoehdru: ckm ; as @ chine at 50 atm for a short time n;
oh-hemogenized. After cold stirring, a concentrated as well as diluted emulsion is obtained.
Example <I> 2 </I> A melted mixture of 70 kg of paraffin and 30 kg of hardened tallow is pre-emulsified at 60 in a rotary mixer with 100 liters of a 5% ixen aqueous solution of a fatty alcohol olsulfonate. Then 305 kg of a basic aluminum acetate solution (5.7%
A1; 03 and 9.5% acetic acid) and the emulsion; Post-homogenized in an Ilochdruek machine at 100 atm. The emulsion is then stirred until cold. It is also stable in a concentrated as well as a diluted state. Any framing when standing for a long time can easily be removed by stirring briefly.
Example. <I> 3: </I> 1.00 kg of montan wax (melting point 48, acid number 22, saponification number 27) are a.ufäesch: molzen, mixed with 30 liters of perchlorethylene and then in a high pressure lzhomo @ genisiermas , chz, ne at 70 with <B> 100 </B> liters of a 5% aqueous solution of the sodium salts of oleylaminoä.tliansulfonic acid for about 5 minutes.
The resulting pre-emulsion would largely separate out the wax again when it cools down. One adds 370 kg of an aqueous basic aluminum formate solution with 6.1% .A12.0, and 7.4% formic acid, and then homogenizes in the high-pressure machine, but immediately in the heat and under pressure.
After 15 minutes at 70 and 100 atmospheres, a constant, dilutable emulsion is formed which does not produce any fat deposits.
Example .4: A pre-emulsion is produced from 150 kg of melted ceric resin (melting point 80) and 120 kg of a 1% aqueous solution of triethanolamine soap of oleic acid in a Hurrel machine.
350 kg of an approx. 60 warm aqueous solution of basic aluminum formate, which forms 52.5 kg of A1.0 and 63 kg of formic acid, are stirred into the mixture, which is still about. <B> 70 '</B>. hüli @. This will take some time at about. 60 "post-treated in a high pressure homogenisiei @ inas.chine and cold-stirred a.ase-closing ..
The emulsion formed is stable in the concentrated ie in the diluted state.
<I> Example 5: </I> 120 kg of salted okozerite are freed from the excess sulfuric acid with a solution of 8 kg of one, but not. neutralized Mineralölsiilfona.tes in? 00 liters of water in a suitable device, z. B. a turbo mixer, intimately verinigclit, with a constant distribution only in the heat and when stirring is obtained ..
By adding 300 kg of an aqueous solution of a mixture of basic aluminum formate and chloride (15% A1 = 0:;, 1.8% formic acid and 5% hydrochloric acid), an emulsion is obtained which, by briefly Na.chh. omogenis'ieren becomes stable and dilutable in a machine working under pressure.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE257379X | 1942-06-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CH257379A true CH257379A (en) | 1948-10-15 |
Family
ID=5966483
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CH257379D CH257379A (en) | 1942-06-18 | 1943-04-22 | Process for the production of concentrated protective colloid-free aqueous emulsions. |
Country Status (1)
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CH (1) | CH257379A (en) |
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1943
- 1943-04-22 CH CH257379D patent/CH257379A/en unknown
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