CA3047005A1

CA3047005A1 - Rail mounting device and method for fixing rails to reinforced concrete railway sleeper

Info

Publication number: CA3047005A1
Application number: CA3047005A
Authority: CA
Inventors: Attila Racz
Original assignee: Hr System Hungary Zrt
Current assignee: Hr System Hungary Zrt
Priority date: 2016-12-07
Filing date: 2017-12-06
Publication date: 2018-06-14
Also published as: US20190284766A1; EP3551800B1; CN110168166B; AU2017371831A1; MA48607A; WO2018104757A1; EP3551800A4; EA037391B1; CN110168166A; EA201991352A1; EP3551800A1; HUP1600654A2

Abstract

The object of the invention relates to a rail mounting device (10) for fixing railway rails (12) to reinforced concrete sleepers (14) which device (10) has a first rail (12) non-fixing state and a second rail (12) fixing state, and which device (10) contains an anchoring element (18) fixed to the reinforced concrete sleeper (14) provided with an open or closed bracket piece (16), and a rail-clamping plate (20) partially or entirely encompassed by the bracket piece (16) of the anchoring element (18), the essence of which is that the rail-clamping plate (20) is a flexible flat plate, and in the first state of the rail mounting device (10), the rail-clamping plate (20) is established at an angle to the upper plane (22) of the reinforced concrete sleeper (14) in such a way that the distance between the first end of the rail-clamping plate (20) closer to the rail (12) and the upper plane (22) of the reinforced concrete sleeper (14) is smaller than the distance between the second end of the rail-clamping plate (20) more distant from the rail (12) and the upper plane (22) of the reinforced concrete sleeper (14), and in the second state of the rail mounting device (10), the rail-clamping plate (20) is fixed to the anchoring element (18) so that its first end is laid on the base (12a) of the rail (12) and the shape of the rail-clamping plate (20) is a convex curve viewed from the direction of the upper plane (22) of the reinforced concrete sleeper (14). The object of the invention also relates to a method for fixing railway rails (12) to reinforced concrete sleepers (14).

Description

CA 03047005 2019-06-05 28 December 2018 (28.12.2018) Rail mounting device and method for fixing rails to reinforced concrete railway sleeper The object of the invention relates to a rail mounting device for fixing railway rails to reinforced concrete sleepers, especially for fixing without a baseplate, which device has a non-fixing first state and a rail fixing second state, and which device contains an anchoring element fixed to the reinforced concrete sleeper provided with an open or closed bracket piece, and a rail-clamping plate partially or entirely encompassed by the bracket piece of the anchoring element.
The object of the invention also relates to a method for fixing rails laid on reinforced concrete sleepers.
The task of the rail mounting device is to provide a firm yet flexible connection between the railway rail and the sleeper supporting it. Numerous rail mounting devices have been used in the course of the history of the railways, which may be classed into three big groups according to the method of clamping.
The first group includes the earliest solutions using direct rail spikes or rail bolts, which fixed the rail directly to the sleeper. Even today this solution is occasionally used due to its simplicity and cost-effectiveness, however, its significant disadvantage is that it is not suitable for fixing rails subjected to greater loads and the fixing of the rails soon becomes loose.
The second group includes the baseplate rail fixing solutions, in the case of which the baseplate is fixed directly to the sleeper, and the rail is fixed to the baseplate using fixing devices, such as rail bolts. The advantage of the solution is that a clamping force of the appropriate magnitude may be established with the rail bolts, therefore this technology may be used on railway lines subject to greater loads. However, the great disadvantage of baseplate fixing is that it provides a connection that is overly rigid, which may lead to increase fatigue of the connections and their breakage. A further disadvantage is that the regular inspection of the fixtures and the tightening of the rail bolts are time-consuming and costly.
The flexible connections belonging to the third group successfully overcome the disadvantages of the solutions presented above, with which it is Amended sheet CA 03047005 2019-06-05 28 December 2018 (28.12.2018)

- 2 -possible to fix rails without the fixtures becoming loose. Rail fastening realizing flexible fixing is disclosed, for example, by patent application number W00202873, which is used in the case of a well known type of railway baseplate, the K-plate type. The patent specification discloses a railway rail clip that does not have to be compressed when fitted. The task is solved by that the rail clip has an elongated member that is bent so that the member's lower part forms a lower limb portion and the member's upper part forms an upper limb portion. The lower limb portion forms the base portion of the rail clip, which engages the slot in the baseplate, the upper limb portion extends further than the lower limb portion, and its free end forms a toe portion of the rail clip, which rests on the rail foot. Similar rail clip structures are disclosed by patent documents US 3,067,947 and US 4,313,563.
The main disadvantage of these solutions is that as a result of their special shape the manufacture of the rail clip is expensive, and they require a baseplate, which increases costs even further.
It was recognised that the flexible fixing of rails to sleepers can be provided in a simpler way and at a lower cost than the solutions according to the state of the art using a rail mounting device containing a rail-clamping plate established as an unbent flat plate, and an anchoring element encompassing it positioned at an angle to the upper plane of the sleeper, where the angle between the rail-clamping plate and the upper plane of the sleeper is at least 5 degrees, preferably 5 to 20 degrees, even more preferably 10 to 15 degrees.
It was also recognised that establishing the rail-clamping plate at the above angle to the upper plane of the sleeper makes it possible to create sufficient rail-clamping force using less material than in the rail fixing solutions according to the state of the art.
It was also recognised that if the angle between the rail-clamping plate and the upper plane of the sleeper is at least 5 degrees, then it is sufficient to use a rail-clamping plate which has a maximum thickness of 6 mm. The recognition also includes that the rail-clamping plate not exceeding 6 mm in thickness may be produced from sheet steel using a sheet cutting process. Sheet steel is significantly cheaper than cast steel, and sheet cutting losses and costs are lower than those of casting and other commonly used processes, due to this the production of the rail-clamping plate according to the invention is faster and Amended sheet CA 03047005 2019-06-05 28 December 2018 (28.12.2018)

- 3 -simpler compared to the solutions according to the state of the art, and its production costs are significantly lower.
The objective of the invention is to provide a rail mounting device and method that is free of the disadvantages of the solutions according to the state of the art.
In accordance with the invention, the task was solved with the rail mounting device according to claim 1 and with the method according to claim 12.
Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are defined in the attached dependent claims.
Further details of the invention will be apparent from the accompanying figures and exemplary embodiments.
Figure la is a schematic top view of a preferred embodiment of the rail mounting device according to the invention in its first state, Figure lb depicts a schematic top view of a preferred embodiment of the rail mounting device according to the invention in its second state, Figure 2a is the cross-section of the rail mounting device according to figure la taken on the line A-A, Figure 2b is the cross-section of the rail mounting device according to figure lb taken on the line A-A, Figure 3a is a schematic top view of another embodiment of the rail mounting device according to the invention in its first state, Figure 3b is a schematic top view of the rail mounting device in figure 3a in its second state, Figure 4a is the cross-section of the rail mounting device according to figure 3a taken on the line A-A, Figure 4b is the cross-section of the rail mounting device according to figure 3b taken on the line A-A, Figure 5a illustrates the fixing of the rail mounting device according to figure 4a, Figure 5b illustrates the release of the fixing of the rail mounting device according to figure 4b.
Figures la and lb are schematic top views of a preferred embodiment of the rail mounting device 10 according to the invention. For the purpose of clarity Amended sheet CA 03047005 2019-06-05 28 December 2018 (28.12.2018)

- 4 -those parts that would otherwise be covered in top views are shown in figures la and 1 b with dotted lines.
The rail mounting device 10 serves for directly or indirectly fixing railway rails 12 to reinforced concrete sleepers. In the present specification indirect fixing is understood to mean that a spacer, such as an electrically insulating plate, is positioned between the rail 12 and the reinforced concrete sleeper 14, in this way the rail 12 and the reinforced concrete sleeper 14 do not come into direct contact with each other. Direct fixing is understood to mean the case when there is direct contact between the rail 12 and the reinforced concrete sleeper 14. The device has a first state when it is not fixing the rail 12 and a second state when it is fixing the rail 12, which first and second state are presented in figures 2a and 2b respectively.
In the context of the present invention reinforced concrete sleeper 14 is understood to mean the sleepers commonly used for railway tracks, such as pre-stressed reinforced concrete sleepers, as is known by a person skilled in the art.
The device 10 contains an anchoring element 18 fixed to the reinforced concrete sleeper 14 provided with an open or closed bracket piece 16, and a rail-clamping plate 20 partially or entirely encompassed by the bracket piece 16 of the anchoring element. The anchoring element 18 has an upper surface which is formed substantially flat and which is at an angle to an upper plane 22 of the reinforced concrete sleeper 14 such that the distance between the first edge of the upper surface of the anchoring element 18 closer to the rail 12 and the upper plane 22 of the reinforced concrete sleeper 14 is smaller than the distance between the second edge of the upper surface of the anchoring element 18 more distant from the rail 12 and the upper plane 22 of the reinforced concrete sleeper 14.
The anchoring element 18 is fixed to the reinforced concrete sleeper 14 in a releasable or non-releasable manner. A releasable connection may be provided, for example, using the bolt 15 shown in figures 2a and 2b. The advantage of this is that the anchoring element 18 may even be fixed subsequently to the already laid reinforced concrete sleeper 14. It should be noted that optionally the anchoring element 18 may be fixed to the reinforced concrete sleeper 14 in other ways, by using clips, threaded rods, etc., as is known by a person skilled in the art.
Non-Amended sheet CA 03047005 2019-06-05 28 December 2018 (28.12.2018)

- 5 -releasable fixing may be provided, for example, with casting, or with the use of special adhesives, such as concrete adhesive. The embodiments shown in figures 3a, 3b, 4a, and 4b only differ from that presented above in that the anchoring element 18 has a lower fixing piece 17 concreted into the reinforced concrete sleeper 14. The concreting may optionally take place after the production of the reinforced concrete sleeper 14, or preferably during the manufacture of the reinforced concrete sleeper 14 simultaneously with the casting of the reinforced concrete sleeper 14. In the case that the anchoring element 18 is in fixed state the lower fixing piece 17 preferably has a shape that curves under the rail 12, as can be seen in figures 4a and 4b. The fixing can be strengthened further with this arrangement. Naturally, optionally the use of a differently shaped (e.g.
straight, plate-shaped, etc.) lower fixing piece 17 is conceivable, as is obvious for a person skilled in the art.
The bracket piece 16 of the anchoring element 18 partially or completely encompasses the rail-clamping plate 20, as can be seen in figures la and lb.
In the case of a particularly preferred embodiment the anchoring element 18 is established as a structurally single element, preferably as a metal casting.
With respect to its material the anchoring element 18 may be made from iron, steel, or other metal alloy. Optionally an embodiment is conceivable in the case of which the anchoring element 18 is established from several parts fitted together, in this way, for example, the bracket piece 16 and the lower fixing piece 17 may even be manufactured separately. The various parts may be fixed to one another by a releasable (e.g. with bolts) or a non-releasable connection (e.g. by welding).
The shape of the rail-clamping plate 20 may be rectangular, as can be seen in figures la and lb, or other planar piece that, for example, narrows towards the second end. The rail mounting device 10 is established in its first state illustrated in figures 2a and 4a with the rail-clamping plate 20 at an angle to the upper plane 22 of the reinforced concrete sleeper 14 in such a way that the distance between the first end of the rail-clamping plate 20 closer to the rail 12 and the upper plane 22 of the reinforced concrete sleeper 14 is smaller than the distance between the second end of the rail-clamping plate 20 more distant from the rail 12 and the upper plane 22 of the reinforced concrete sleeper 14.
In the context of the present invention the distance between the first end of Amended sheet CA 03047005 2019-06-05 28 December 2018 (28.12.2018)

- 6 -the rail-clamping plate 20 and the upper plane 22 is understood to mean the length of the section from the first end to the upper plane 22 that is perpendicular to the upper plane 22. Similarly, the distance between the second end of the rail-clam ping plate 20 and the upper plane 22 is understood to mean the length of the section from the second end to the upper plane 22 that is perpendicular to the upper plane 22. In the present specification the upper plane 22 of the reinforced concrete sleeper 14 is viewed as being the plane of the surface of the reinforced concrete sleeper 14 under the rail 12 directly supporting the rail 12. For the sake of clarity, the upper plane 22 has been marked by a dotted line in figures 2a and 2b.
The rail-clamping plate 20 of the rail mounting device 10 according to the invention is established as an unbent flexible flat plate, in other words as a planar leaf-spring. In the case of a particularly preferred embodiment the angle between the rail-clamping plate 20 and the upper plane 22 of the reinforced concrete sleeper is at least 5 degrees, preferably 5 to 20 degrees, even more preferably 10 to 15 degrees. In this case it is sufficient to select the thickness of the rail-clamping plate 20 to be 6 mm. The advantage of this is that the rail-clamping plate 20 not exceeding 6 mm in thickness may be produced from sheet steel using a sheet cutting process, in other words the rail-clamping plate 20 may be produced from cut sheet steel no thicker than 6 mm. Sheet steel is significantly cheaper than cast steel, and sheet cutting losses and costs are lower than those of casting and other commonly used forming processes. As a consequence of the above, the production costs of the rail-clamping plate 20 are significantly lower than those of the solutions according to the state of the art, which, taking into consideration the large number of rail-clamping plates 20 required for railway construction, represents a significant economic advantage.
With the rail mounting device 10 in its second state, in other words when fixing the rail 12 to the reinforced concrete sleeper 14, the rail-clamping plate 20 is fixed to the anchoring element 18, preferably in a releasable way, so that its first end is laid onto the base 12a of the rail 12, and the shape of the rail-clamping plate 20 is a convex curve viewed from the direction of the upper plane 22 of the reinforced concrete sleeper 14, as can be seen in figure 2b and 4b. In the case of a preferred embodiment the first end of the rail-clamping plate 20 is provided with an electrically insulating covering 24, which prevents electric contact between the Amended sheet CA 03047005 2019-06-05 28 December 2018 (28.12.2018)

- 7 -rail 12 and the rail-clamping plate 20. The insulating covering 24 is fixed to the first end with a retention lock, for example, but naturally the use of other fixing methods is also conceivable, such as the use of an adhesive, for example.
In the case of the embodiment shown in figures 4a and 4b the reinforced concrete sleeper 14 has a first surface 50 and a second surface 60 protruding out of the plane of the first surface 50, and the anchoring element 18 rests on the first and second surfaces 50, 60. The first surface 50 is preferably planar in shape and coincides with the upper plane 22. The second surface 60 is also planar, and in the way illustrated in figures 4a and 4b it is at an angle to the first plane 50.
Naturally, an embodiment is optionally conceivable in the case of which the first and second surfaces 50, 60 are not planar, instead they are curved, arched, undulating, broken, etc. surfaces. In the case of a particularly preferred embodiment, the vertical thickness of the part of the anchoring element 18 resting on the second surface 60, in other words the thickness of the part of the anchoring element 18 between the surface 60 and the rail-clamping plate 20 is less than the vertical thickness of the part resting on the first surface 50, in other words the part of the anchoring element 18 between the surface 50 and the rail-clamping plate 20. The shape of the top view of the anchoring element 18 may be, for example, rectangular, or, as indicated with a broken line in figures 3a and 3b, a planar piece that narrows towards its end.
The rail mounting device 10 according to the invention also preferably contains an electrically insulating spacer element 28 arranged on the rail 12 side of the anchoring element 18 fixed to the reinforced concrete sleeper 14, the purpose of which is to prevent electrical conductance between the rail 12 and the rail mounting device 10. The spacer element 28 is preferably made from plastic, but, optionally the use of other non-electrically conducting materials is conceivable, such as composites, as is known by a person skilled in the art.
An electrically insulating sheet 26 is preferably arranged between the rail 12 and the reinforced concrete sleeper 14.
With the rail mounting device 10 in its second state the rail-clamping plate 20 is fixed to the anchoring element 18. The fixing may take place in a way that provides a releasable or non-releasable connection. In the case of the embodiment shown in figures 2a and 2b the end of the anchoring element 18 more Amended sheet CA 03047005 2019-06-05 28 December 2018 (28.12.2018)

- 8 -distant from the rail 12 is provided with a flange 29 preventing the movement of the rail-clamping plate 20 in the case that the rail mounting device 10 is in its second state, which flange 29 is preferably formed out of the material of the anchoring element 18. The flange 29 supports the rail-clamping plate 20 from the rear thereby preventing it from slipping off the rail 12.
In the case of the exemplary embodiment shown in figures 4a and 4b the second end of the rail-clamping plate 20 and the anchoring element 18 are provided with a depression 30a and a protrusion 30b fitting into the depression 30a, which together form a retention lock for preventing the rail mounting device 10 from getting from the second state to the first state. The protrusion 30b is formed in the anchoring element 18 and the depression 30a is formed in the rail-clamping plate 20. Optionally, an embodiment is also conceivable in the case of which the arrangement is the other way around, the protrusion 30b is to be found in the rail-clamping plate 20, and the depression 30a in the anchoring element 18.
The object of the invention also relates to a method for fixing rails 12 to reinforced concrete sleepers 14, during which the rail mounting device 10 in its first state presented above in the vicinity of the railway rail 12 is provided in such a way that the first end of the rail-clamping plate 20 encompassed by the bracket piece 16 faces the railway rail 12. In the case of a preferred embodiment, in practice this takes place so that at the site of the construction of a railway line a reinforced concrete sleeper 14 provided with the rail mounting device 10 according to the invention is laid on the track bed of the railway line, then the railway rail 12 is laid next to the rail mounting device 10 in the position shown in figures 4a and 4b. Naturally, if the anchoring element 18 is fixed to the reinforced concrete sleeper 14 with a bolt 15, then the fixing may also take place after the reinforced concrete sleeper 14 has been laid (e.g. in the case of renovating a railway line).
In the case of a particularly preferred embodiment a rail mounting device 10 is provided on each of the two sides of the railway rail 12, essentially opposite one another, with which the rail 12 is fixed to the reinforced concrete sleeper 14 from two sides. With this solution movement of the rail 12 in directions perpendicular to the railway line can be prevented.
In the second step of the method according to the invention the rail-clamping plate 20 is pushed towards the rail 12, in other words the rail mounting Amended sheet CA 03047005 2019-06-05 28 December 2018 (28.12.2018)

- 9 -device 10 is taken from the first state shown in figure 2a to the second state shown in figure 2b. In the case of a preferred embodiment, the rail-clamping plate 20 is pushed towards the rail 12 by hitting the second end of the rail-clamping plate 20 one or more times using a traditional hammer, or, for example, using the tool illustrated in figure 5a. The tool 40 may be established using a traditional hammer by replacing the wooden handle of the hammer with a metal handle, and by machining the head of the hammer into the shape shown in figure 5a. The great advantage of the rail mounting device 10 according to the invention is that getting it from the first state to the second state does not necessarily require the use of a special dedicated tool.
The rail-clamping plate 20 is at an angle to the upper plane 22 according to that described above. By pushing the rail-clamping plate 20 towards the rail 12, the first end is forced up against the base 12a of the rail 12, and the first end rises vertically, while the bracket piece 16 does not permit the rail-clamping plate 20 to move upwards. As a result, the rail-clamping plate 20 bends in such a way that it takes on a convex curved shape viewed from the upper plane 22 of the reinforced concrete sleeper 14. As a result of the bending spring force is created in the rail-clamping plate 20, which forces the rail 12 onto the reinforced concrete sleeper 14.
As the rail-clamping plate 20 is established at an angle to the upper plane 22 of the reinforced concrete sleeper 14 as described above, by pushing the rail-clamping plate 20 towards the rail 12 the vertical increase in height of the first end is greater than if the rail-clamping plate 20 were parallel or at an inverted angle to the upper plane 22. As a result of this as with the same amount of displacement the first end of the rail-camping plate rises more than the ends of parallel clamping plates or clamping plates at an inverted angle, the use of a shorter and thinner rail-clamping plate 20 is sufficient to create the same magnitude of clamping force.
This results in a saving of material and, ultimately in a reduction of production costs. According to this recognition, the aforementioned advantages come into effect if the angle between the rail-clamping plate 20 and the upper plane 22 of the reinforced concrete sleeper 14 is at least 5 degrees, preferably 5 to 20 degrees, even more preferably 10 to 15 degrees. According to experience, in the case of angles in excess of 20 degrees it is difficult or impossible to get the rail mounting device 10 from first state to second state.
Amended sheet 28 December 2018 (28.12.2018)

- 10 -The rail-clamping plate 20 is fixed to the anchoring element 18, as a result the rail mounting device 10 is taken from the first state to the second state.
In the case of a preferred embodiment the rail-clamping plate 20 is fixed to the anchoring element 18 with the flange 29 presented previously in such a way that the rail-clamping plate 20 is pushed towards the rail 12 up until the second end of the rail-clamping plate 20 gets behind the flange 29 (see figure 2b). Optionally the rail-clamping plate 20 may be fixed with a retention lock containing a depression 30a and a protrusion 30b, as can be seen in figure 4b, or an embodiment is conceivable in the case of which the rail-clamping plate 20 is fixed to the anchoring element 18 in another way, such as with a pin, etc.
In order to release the fixing of the rail 12 the device 10 is taken from second state to first state by using the tool 40 in the way shown in figure 5b, for example, so that the head of the tool 40 is placed on the rail 12 and the first end of the rail-clamping plate 20, then the handle of the tool 40 is turned in the appropriate direction. As a consequence of the force exerted on the first end of the rail-clamping plate 20 the protrusion 30b pops out of the depression 30a (or the second end of the rail-clamping plate 20 jumps over the flange 29), and the retention lock is released.
The advantage of the rail mounting device 10 according to the invention is that there is no need for a base plate nor for a specially shaped rail-clamping plate, which significantly reduce the production costs. A further advantage is that by appropriately selecting the angle between the rail-clamping plate 20 and the upper plane 22 of the reinforced concrete sleeper 14, it is sufficient to use a rail-clamping plate 20 of maximum 6 mm thickness, which may be produced from sheet steel using a sheet cutting process quickly and cost-effectively as compared to the existing solutions.
As the rail-clamping plate 20 does not rest directly upon the reinforced concrete sleeper 14 anywhere, the pitting effect that significantly reduces the fixing effect can be avoided, due to which the lifetime can be significantly extended.
In terms of implementation, the amount of material used, the price of production of the materials used, the speed and simplicity of installation and construction, the rail mounting device 10 according to the invention represents a significant advance as compared to the solutions according to the state of the art.
Amended sheet -28 December 2018 (28.12.2018) Other alternative solutions as compared to the embodiments presented here will be apparent to a person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection determined by the attached claims.
Amended sheet

Claims

1. Rail mounting device (10) for fixing railway rails (12) to reinforced concrete sleepers (14) which device (10) has a non-fixing first state and a rail (12) fixing second state, and which device (10) contains an anchoring element (18) fixed to the reinforced concrete sleeper (14) provided with an open or closed bracket piece (16), and a rail-clamping plate (20) partially or entirely encompassed by the bracket piece (16) of the anchoring element (18), characterised by that the rail-clamping plate (20) is a flexible flat plate, and the anchoring element (18) of the rail mounting device (10) has an upper surface which is formed substantially flat and which is at an angle to the upper plane (22) of the reinforced concrete sleeper (14) such that the distance between the first edge of the upper surface of the anchoring element (18) closer to the rail (12) and the upper plane (22) of the reinforced concrete sleeper (14) is smaller than the distance between the second edge of the upper surface of the anchoring element (18) more distant from the rail (12) and the upper plane (22) of the reinforced concrete sleeper (14), and in the first state of the rail mounting device (10) the rail-clamping plate (20) lies on the upper surface of the anchoring element (18), whereby the rail-clamping plate (20) is also arranged at an angle to the upper plane (22) of the reinforced concrete sleeper (14) and in the second state of the rail mounting device (10), the rail-clamping plate (20) is fixed to the anchoring element (18) so that a first end of the rail-clamping plate (20) closer to the rail (12) lies on the base (12a) of the rail (12) and the shape of the rail-clamping plate (20) is a convex curve viewed from the direction of the upper plane (22) of the reinforced concrete sleeper (14) and in the first state of the rail mounting device (10), the angle between the rail-clamping plate (20) and the upper plane (22) of the reinforced concrete sleeper (14) is between 5 to 20 degrees and the rail-clamping plate (20) is made from a cut sheet steel having a thickness of maximum 6 mm.

2. Rail mounting device (10) according to claim 1, characterised by that in the first state of the rail mounting device (10), the angle between the rail-clamping plate (20) and the upper plane (22) of the reinforced concrete sleeper (14) is between 10 to 15 degrees.

3. Rail mounting device (10) according to any of claims 1 or 2, characterised by that the anchoring element (18) is fixed to the reinforced concrete sleeper (14) with a bolt (15).

4. Rail mounting device (10) according to any of claims 1 or 2, characterised by that the anchoring element (18) has a lower fixing piece (17) concreted into the reinforced concrete sleeper (14).

5. Rail mounting device (10) according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterised by that the anchoring element (18) is established as a structurally single element, preferably as a metal casting.

6. Rail mounting device (10) according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterised by that the reinforced concrete sleeper (14) has a first surface (50) and a second surface (60) protruding out of the plane of the first surface (50), and the anchoring element (18) rests on the first and second surfaces (50, 60).

7. Rail mounting device (10) according to claim 6, characterised by that the vertical thickness of the anchoring element (18) resting on the second surface (60) is less than the vertical thickness of the part resting on the first surface (50).

8. Rail mounting device (10) according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterised by that the end of the anchoring element (18) more distant from the rail (12) is provided with a flange (29) preventing the movement of the rail-clamping plate (20) in the case that the rail mounting device (10) is in its second state.

9. Rail mounting device (10) according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterised by that the second end of the rail-clamping plate (20) and the anchoring element (18) are provided with a depression (30a) and a protrusion (30b) fitting into it together forming a retention lock for preventing the rail mounting device (10) from getting from the second state to the first state.

10. Rail mounting device (10) according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterised by that the first end of the rail-clamping plate (20) is provided with an electrically insulating covering (24).

11. Rail mounting device (10) according to any of claims 1 to 10, characterised by that an electrically insulating spacer element (28) is arranged on the rail (12) side of the anchoring element (18) fixed to the reinforced concrete sleeper (14), which is preferably made from plastic.

12. Method for fixing railway rails (12) to reinforced concrete sleepers (14), characterised by:
- providing a rail mounting device (10) according to any of claims 1 to 11 in its first state in the vicinity of the railway rail (12) in such a way that the first end of the rail-clamping plate (20) of the rail mounting device (10) encompassed by the bracket piece (16) faces towards the railway rail (12), - pushing the rail-clamping plate (20) towards the rail (12), thereby forcing the first end of the rail-clamping plate (20) against the base (12a) of the rail (12) and lifting it vertically, creating spring force in the rail-clamping plate (20), then - fixing the rail-clamping plate (20) to the anchoring element (18), thereby moving the rail mounting device (10) from the first state to the second state of fixing the rail (12).

13. Method according to claim 12, characterised by providing a rail mounting device (10) on each of the two sides of the railway rail (12).