CA2945612C - Phenazinium mediators - Google Patents
Phenazinium mediators Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2945612C CA2945612C CA2945612A CA2945612A CA2945612C CA 2945612 C CA2945612 C CA 2945612C CA 2945612 A CA2945612 A CA 2945612A CA 2945612 A CA2945612 A CA 2945612A CA 2945612 C CA2945612 C CA 2945612C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- chemical compound
- side chain
- group
- test
- analyte
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- SQHWUYVHKRVCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n,2-n-dimethyl-10-phenylphenazin-10-ium-2,8-diamine;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C12=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C2N=C2C=CC(N)=CC2=[N+]1C1=CC=CC=C1 SQHWUYVHKRVCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000012491 analyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 38
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 108090000854 Oxidoreductases Proteins 0.000 claims description 12
- 102000004316 Oxidoreductases Human genes 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002405 diagnostic procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000592 heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- QWUFXJHVFNRNCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenazin-1-amine Chemical class C1=CC=C2N=C3C(N)=CC=CC3=NC2=C1 QWUFXJHVFNRNCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 70
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 34
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 34
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229960001031 glucose Drugs 0.000 description 26
- QOUKINRBJSKOEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC[N+]1=C(C=CC=C2NC(CCC([O-])=O)=O)C2=NC2=CC=CC=C12 Chemical compound CC[N+]1=C(C=CC=C2NC(CCC([O-])=O)=O)C2=NC2=CC=CC=C12 QOUKINRBJSKOEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 23
- -1 Volume 10 Substances 0.000 description 19
- 235000001727 glucose Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 18
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 18
- 229940072107 ascorbate Drugs 0.000 description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 14
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 14
- JKBSCAPRNLCSSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1=CC=C2[N+](CC)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=NC2=C1OCCCC([O-])=O Chemical compound C1=CC=C2[N+](CC)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=NC2=C1OCCCC([O-])=O JKBSCAPRNLCSSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 108010050375 Glucose 1-Dehydrogenase Proteins 0.000 description 12
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 12
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 10
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N insulin Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CN)C(C)CC)CSSCC(C(NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CSSCC(NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2NC=NC=2)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)CNC2=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)N3C(CCC3)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C)C(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C1CSSCC2NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)CC1=CN=CN1 NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000006413 ring segment Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nicotinamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 6
- 231100000673 dose–response relationship Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- VWWQXMAJTJZDQX-UYBVJOGSSA-N flavin adenine dinucleotide Chemical compound C1=NC2=C(N)N=CN=C2N1[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1O)O[C@@H]1CO[P@](O)(=O)O[P@@](O)(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C2=NC(=O)NC(=O)C2=NC2=C1C=C(C)C(C)=C2 VWWQXMAJTJZDQX-UYBVJOGSSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XJLXINKUBYWONI-DQQFMEOOSA-N [[(2r,3r,4r,5r)-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-3-hydroxy-4-phosphonooxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl] [(2s,3r,4s,5s)-5-(3-carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methyl phosphate Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=C[N+]([C@@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@@H]3[C@H]([C@@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O3)N3C4=NC=NC(N)=C4N=C3)O)O2)O)=C1 XJLXINKUBYWONI-DQQFMEOOSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000019162 flavin adenine dinucleotide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000011714 flavin adenine dinucleotide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940093632 flavin-adenine dinucleotide Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002988 phenazines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 102000004877 Insulin Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108090001061 Insulin Proteins 0.000 description 4
- BAWFJGJZGIEFAR-NNYOXOHSSA-N NAD zwitterion Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=C[N+]([C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](COP([O-])(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@@H]3[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O3)N3C4=NC=NC(N)=C4N=C3)O)O2)O)=C1 BAWFJGJZGIEFAR-NNYOXOHSSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007832 Na2SO4 Substances 0.000 description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 206010067584 Type 1 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 4
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000840 electrochemical analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- UVECLJDRPFNRRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound CCOS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F UVECLJDRPFNRRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FVTCRASFADXXNN-SCRDCRAPSA-N flavin mononucleotide Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O FVTCRASFADXXNN-SCRDCRAPSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229940125396 insulin Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000012417 linear regression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 4
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229950006238 nadide Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002953 preparative HPLC Methods 0.000 description 4
- MMXZSJMASHPLLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrroloquinoline quinone Chemical compound C12=C(C(O)=O)C=C(C(O)=O)N=C2C(=O)C(=O)C2=C1NC(C(=O)O)=C2 MMXZSJMASHPLLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BAWFJGJZGIEFAR-NNYOXOHSSA-O NAD(+) Chemical group NC(=O)C1=CC=C[N+]([C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@@H]3[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O3)N3C4=NC=NC(N)=C4N=C3)O)O2)O)=C1 BAWFJGJZGIEFAR-NNYOXOHSSA-O 0.000 description 3
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000006193 alkinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005515 coenzyme Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 201000001421 hyperglycemia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 230000009021 linear effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960003966 nicotinamide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000005152 nicotinamide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011570 nicotinamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229960001866 silicon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000001072 type 2 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 3
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SVRNCBGWUMMBQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hydroxyphenazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N=C3C(O)=CC=CC3=NC2=C1 SVRNCBGWUMMBQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VKIGAWAEXPTIOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyhexanenitrile Chemical compound CCCCC(O)C#N VKIGAWAEXPTIOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKAJSJJFBSOMGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-diamino-10-methylacridinium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=C(N)C=C2[N+](C)=C(C=C(N)C=C3)C3=CC2=C1 KKAJSJJFBSOMGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000549 4-dimethylaminophenol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCLHUJRGKIKUEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C12)NS(=O)(=O)C Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C12)NS(=O)(=O)C MCLHUJRGKIKUEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OTYPQNVXNSZPRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N COC(CCC(=O)NC1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C12)=O Chemical compound COC(CCC(=O)NC1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C12)=O OTYPQNVXNSZPRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 101710088194 Dehydrogenase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108020005199 Dehydrogenases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 208000013016 Hypoglycemia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010022489 Insulin Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lactate Chemical compound CC(O)C([O-])=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008351 acetate buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Chemical compound BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000970 chrono-amperometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DDRJAANPRJIHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N creatinine Chemical compound CN1CC(=O)NC1=N DDRJAANPRJIHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000000835 electrochemical detection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001952 enzyme assay Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003722 extracellular fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002218 hypoglycaemic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940049920 malate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L malate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(O)CC([O-])=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 108010094020 polyglycine Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000003296 saliva Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 125000000094 2-phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004080 3-carboxypropanoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(O[H])=O 0.000 description 1
- WHBMMWSBFZVSSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 3-hydroxybutyrate Chemical compound CC(O)CC([O-])=O WHBMMWSBFZVSSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000004920 4-methyl-2-pentyl group Chemical group CC(CC(C)*)C 0.000 description 1
- RCLDHCIEAUJSBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(6-sulfonaphthalen-2-yl)oxynaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=CC2=CC(OC3=CC4=CC=C(C=C4C=C3)S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C21 RCLDHCIEAUJSBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 108010021809 Alcohol dehydrogenase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000007698 Alcohol dehydrogenase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102220483847 Aminopeptidase RNPEPL1_E96G_mutation Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFSRXPWFMVMWTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)(=O)O.C(C)(=O)O.C1(=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C12)N(C(CCCC(=O)O)=O)C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C12 Chemical compound C(C)(=O)O.C(C)(=O)O.C1(=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C12)N(C(CCCC(=O)O)=O)C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C12 CFSRXPWFMVMWTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPYWZTMTTGKYHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C12)N(C(CCCC(=O)O)=O)C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C12 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C12)N(C(CCCC(=O)O)=O)C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C12 BPYWZTMTTGKYHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XQDBUHWGNQDXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-O CN1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C2[C+](NC(C)=O)C=CC=C12 Chemical compound CN1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C2[C+](NC(C)=O)C=CC=C12 XQDBUHWGNQDXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000700199 Cavia porcellus Species 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000699800 Cricetinae Species 0.000 description 1
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000283073 Equus caballus Species 0.000 description 1
- JSENCZYUGDLRAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N FC(C(=O)O)(F)F.FC(C(=O)O)(F)F.C1(=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C12)N(C(CCCCCCCCC(=O)O)=O)C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C12 Chemical compound FC(C(=O)O)(F)F.FC(C(=O)O)(F)F.C1(=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C12)N(C(CCCCCCCCC(=O)O)=O)C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C12 JSENCZYUGDLRAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- VWWQXMAJTJZDQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Flavine adenine dinucleotide Natural products C1=NC2=C(N)N=CN=C2N1C(C(O)C1O)OC1COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CN1C2=NC(=O)NC(=O)C2=NC2=C1C=C(C)C(C)=C2 VWWQXMAJTJZDQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000892220 Geobacillus thermodenitrificans (strain NG80-2) Long-chain-alcohol dehydrogenase 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010035289 Glucose Dehydrogenases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- XYZZKVRWGOWVGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol-phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.OCC(O)CO XYZZKVRWGOWVGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006173 Good's buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010009384 L-Iditol 2-Dehydrogenase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000008575 L-amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 102000003855 L-lactate dehydrogenase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108700023483 L-lactate dehydrogenases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000012359 Methanesulfonyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 1
- 101100042676 Mus musculus Skap2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000305 Nylon 6,10 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NUVKVTYZGJETSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N OC(C(F)(F)F)=O.OC(C(F)(F)F)=O.C1=CC=C2N=C(C(NC3=CC=CC4=NC5=CC=CC=C5N=C34)=CC=C3)C3=NC2=C1 Chemical compound OC(C(F)(F)F)=O.OC(C(F)(F)F)=O.C1=CC=C2N=C(C(NC3=CC=CC4=NC5=CC=CC=C5N=C34)=CC=C3)C3=NC2=C1 NUVKVTYZGJETSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000009328 Perro Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000288906 Primates Species 0.000 description 1
- LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-M Pyruvate Chemical compound CC(=O)C([O-])=O LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WHBMMWSBFZVSSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N R3HBA Natural products CC(O)CC(O)=O WHBMMWSBFZVSSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100026974 Sorbitol dehydrogenase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 description 1
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000251539 Vertebrata <Metazoa> Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
- WEYZCNDZNIVUGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F.CC[n+]1c2ccccc2nc2c(NS(C)(=O)=O)cccc12 Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F.CC[n+]1c2ccccc2nc2c(NS(C)(=O)=O)cccc12 WEYZCNDZNIVUGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YISRVKBEKGTMQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.CN1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C2[C+](NC(C)=O)C=CC=C12 Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.CN1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C2[C+](NC(C)=O)C=CC=C12 YISRVKBEKGTMQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001263 acyl chlorides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002178 anthracenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001363 autoimmune Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002785 azepinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000000227 basophil cell of anterior lobe of hypophysis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004618 benzofuryl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 210000000941 bile Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012472 biological sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000001175 cerebrospinal fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003636 chemical group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007979 citrate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003869 coulometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940109239 creatinine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001580 cycloalkinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000640 cyclooctyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 1
- WMPOZLHMGVKUEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanedioyl dichloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(Cl)=O WMPOZLHMGVKUEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003831 deregulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012631 diagnostic technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004852 dihydrofuranyl group Chemical group O1C(CC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005043 dihydropyranyl group Chemical group O1C(CCC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I dipotassium trisodium dihydrogen phosphate hydrogen phosphate dichloride Chemical compound P(=O)(O)(O)[O-].[K+].P(=O)(O)([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Cl-].[K+].[Cl-].[Na+] LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006911 enzymatic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009395 genetic defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010054770 glucose dehydrogenase (pyrroloquinoline-quinone) Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000004153 glucose metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002632 imidazolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002636 imidazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003406 indolizinyl group Chemical group C=1(C=CN2C=CC=CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004153 islets of langerhan Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000004628 isothiazolidinyl group Chemical group S1N(CCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001786 isothiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003965 isoxazolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000842 isoxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002751 lymph Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CS(Cl)(=O)=O QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRXOJMOGPYFZKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 4-chloro-4-oxobutanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCC(Cl)=O SRXOJMOGPYFZKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002757 morpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PSHKMPUSSFXUIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylpyridin-2-amine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=N1 PSHKMPUSSFXUIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PRDFRQHFFPZZHK-UHFFFAOYSA-O n-(5-ethylphenazin-5-ium-1-yl)acetamide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2[N+](CC)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=NC2=C1NC(C)=O PRDFRQHFFPZZHK-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- SBWGZAXBCCNRTM-CTHBEMJXSA-N n-methyl-n-[(2s,3r,4r,5r)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexyl]octanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)N(C)C[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO SBWGZAXBCCNRTM-CTHBEMJXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930027945 nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004316 oxathiadiazolyl group Chemical group O1SNN=C1* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000160 oxazolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000496 pancreas Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000003538 pentan-3-yl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YVOFTMXWTWHRBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentanedioyl dichloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)CCCC(Cl)=O YVOFTMXWTWHRBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001792 phenanthrenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002953 phosphate buffered saline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004962 physiological condition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004193 piperazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003386 piperidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001290 polyvinyl ester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000291 postprandial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035935 pregnancy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000561 purinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=C2N=CNC2=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- QHGVXILFMXYDRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyraclofos Chemical compound C1=C(OP(=O)(OCC)SCCC)C=NN1C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 QHGVXILFMXYDRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003072 pyrazolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000719 pyrrolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002943 quinolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012217 sodium aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019351 sodium silicates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl dichloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)(=O)=O YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QIQCZROILFZKAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracarbon dioxide Chemical group O=C=C=C=C=O QIQCZROILFZKAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003718 tetrahydrofuranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001412 tetrahydropyranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001984 thiazolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004568 thiomorpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D241/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings
- C07D241/36—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D241/38—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atoms
- C07D241/46—Phenazines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/26—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving oxidoreductase
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
- G01N27/327—Biochemical electrodes, e.g. electrical or mechanical details for in vitro measurements
- G01N27/3275—Sensing specific biomolecules, e.g. nucleic acid strands, based on an electrode surface reaction
- G01N27/3277—Sensing specific biomolecules, e.g. nucleic acid strands, based on an electrode surface reaction being a redox reaction, e.g. detection by cyclic voltammetry
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/544—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals the carrier being organic
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/66—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving blood sugars, e.g. galactose
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2400/00—Assays, e.g. immunoassays or enzyme assays, involving carbohydrates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14164571 | 2014-04-14 | ||
| EP14164571.3 | 2014-04-14 | ||
| PCT/EP2015/057933 WO2015158645A1 (en) | 2014-04-14 | 2015-04-13 | Phenazinium mediators |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2945612A1 CA2945612A1 (en) | 2015-10-22 |
| CA2945612C true CA2945612C (en) | 2019-09-10 |
Family
ID=50478330
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2945612A Expired - Fee Related CA2945612C (en) | 2014-04-14 | 2015-04-13 | Phenazinium mediators |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9988358B2 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP3131882B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP6522003B2 (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR101896820B1 (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN106164054B (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2945612C (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2015158645A1 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PL3523639T3 (pl) | 2016-10-05 | 2025-03-17 | F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag | Odczynniki wykrywające i układy elektrod do elementów diagnostycznych testów wieloanalitowych oraz sposoby ich zastosowania |
| CN111936050A (zh) | 2018-03-30 | 2020-11-13 | 普和希控股公司 | 使用吩嗪衍生物或含有吩嗪衍生物的高分子量氧化还原聚合物的传感器 |
| JP7285332B2 (ja) * | 2019-09-30 | 2023-06-01 | Phcホールディングス株式会社 | 高分子量レドックスポリマー及びそれを用いたバイオセンサ |
Family Cites Families (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3228542A1 (de) | 1982-07-30 | 1984-02-02 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Verfahren zur bestimmung der konzentration elektrochemisch umsetzbarer stoffe |
| JPS60114193A (ja) * | 1983-11-22 | 1985-06-20 | Toyo Jozo Co Ltd | 新規なマルトースデヒドロゲナーゼおよびその製法それを用いる分析法 |
| US5108564A (en) | 1988-03-15 | 1992-04-28 | Tall Oak Ventures | Method and apparatus for amperometric diagnostic analysis |
| US5054039A (en) | 1990-08-30 | 1991-10-01 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Digital calibration circuit employing composite sine wave signals |
| DE19629656A1 (de) | 1996-07-23 | 1998-01-29 | Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh | Diagnostischer Testträger mit mehrschichtigem Testfeld und Verfahren zur Bestimmung von Analyt mit dessen Hilfe |
| US5801006A (en) | 1997-02-04 | 1998-09-01 | Specialty Assays, Inc. | Use of NADPH and NADH analogs in the measurement of enzyme activities and metabolites |
| JP4070050B2 (ja) | 1998-07-24 | 2008-04-02 | テルモ株式会社 | 血糖値測定方法及び装置 |
| US6380380B1 (en) | 1999-01-04 | 2002-04-30 | Specialty Assays, Inc. | Use of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucliotide phosphate (NADP) analogs to measure enzyme activities metabolites and substrates |
| WO2002034919A1 (en) | 2000-10-27 | 2002-05-02 | Roche Diagnostics Gmbh | Variants of soluble pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent glucose dehydrogenase |
| US7867369B2 (en) | 2003-06-20 | 2011-01-11 | Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. | Biosensor with multiple electrical functionalities |
| MXPA06001719A (es) | 2003-08-11 | 2006-05-19 | Codexis Inc | Polipeptidos de glucosa deshidrogenasa mejorados, y polinucleotidos relacionados. |
| DE102005035461A1 (de) | 2005-07-28 | 2007-02-15 | Roche Diagnostics Gmbh | Stabile NAD/NADH-Derivate |
| DE502006004037D1 (de) | 2005-12-19 | 2009-07-30 | Roche Diagnostics Gmbh | Sandwichsensor zur ermittlung einer analytkonzentration |
| EP2093284A1 (de) | 2008-02-19 | 2009-08-26 | F.Hoffmann-La Roche Ag | Stabilisierung von Dehydrogenasen mit stabilen Coenzymen |
| US8008037B2 (en) * | 2008-03-27 | 2011-08-30 | Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. | Matrix composition with alkylphenazine quaternary salt and a nitrosoaniline |
| EP3838147B1 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2023-12-06 | Roche Diabetes Care GmbH | Sensor element for detecting an analyte in a body fluid |
| JP2014194411A (ja) * | 2013-02-28 | 2014-10-09 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 修飾電極、当該修飾電極の製造方法、当該修飾電極を備えるバイオ電池並びにバイオセンサー |
| CN111848578B (zh) * | 2014-08-22 | 2023-10-31 | 豪夫迈·罗氏有限公司 | 氧化还原指示剂 |
-
2015
- 2015-04-13 CN CN201580019437.2A patent/CN106164054B/zh active Active
- 2015-04-13 KR KR1020167028460A patent/KR101896820B1/ko active Active
- 2015-04-13 EP EP15718466.4A patent/EP3131882B1/en active Active
- 2015-04-13 JP JP2016559436A patent/JP6522003B2/ja active Active
- 2015-04-13 CA CA2945612A patent/CA2945612C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-04-13 WO PCT/EP2015/057933 patent/WO2015158645A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2016
- 2016-10-11 US US15/290,440 patent/US9988358B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3131882A1 (en) | 2017-02-22 |
| KR20160132970A (ko) | 2016-11-21 |
| US9988358B2 (en) | 2018-06-05 |
| JP2017517480A (ja) | 2017-06-29 |
| EP3131882B1 (en) | 2020-07-15 |
| KR101896820B1 (ko) | 2018-09-07 |
| JP6522003B2 (ja) | 2019-05-29 |
| US20170226068A1 (en) | 2017-08-10 |
| CN106164054B (zh) | 2019-05-07 |
| CA2945612A1 (en) | 2015-10-22 |
| CN106164054A (zh) | 2016-11-23 |
| WO2015158645A1 (en) | 2015-10-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP5486111B2 (ja) | 改善された分析物特異性を有するバイオセンサー | |
| US11905547B2 (en) | Reagents for electrochemical test strips | |
| EP2096432A1 (en) | Method for measuring 1,5-anhydroglucitol in whole blood, and sensor chip and measurement kit to be used in the method | |
| EP3757096B1 (en) | Redoxindicators for a use in cell viability testing | |
| CA2708156A1 (en) | Reagents and methods for detecting analytes | |
| CA2945612C (en) | Phenazinium mediators | |
| KR101609083B1 (ko) | 아조 매개체 | |
| AU2015258165A1 (en) | Reagents for electrochemical test strips |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request |
Effective date: 20161013 |
|
| MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20210413 |