CA2493486C - A method for extending catalyst life in processes for preparing vinyl aromatic hydrocarbons - Google Patents
A method for extending catalyst life in processes for preparing vinyl aromatic hydrocarbons Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2493486C CA2493486C CA2493486A CA2493486A CA2493486C CA 2493486 C CA2493486 C CA 2493486C CA 2493486 A CA2493486 A CA 2493486A CA 2493486 A CA2493486 A CA 2493486A CA 2493486 C CA2493486 C CA 2493486C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst life
- catalyst
- life extender
- aromatic hydrocarbon
- vinyl aromatic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 106
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 73
- -1 vinyl aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 51
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 28
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical group [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical group [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000000703 Cerium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010960 commercial process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005990 polystyrene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003112 potassium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UMPKMCDVBZFQOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[K+].[Fe+3] UMPKMCDVBZFQOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003923 scrap metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006540 α-FeOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/02—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
- B01J23/04—Alkali metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/32—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with formation of free hydrogen
- C07C5/327—Formation of non-aromatic carbon-to-carbon double bonds only
- C07C5/333—Catalytic processes
- C07C5/3332—Catalytic processes with metal oxides or metal sulfides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
- B01J23/745—Iron
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/06—Processes using ultra-high pressure, e.g. for the formation of diamonds; Apparatus therefor, e.g. moulds or dies
- B01J3/08—Application of shock waves for chemical reactions or for modifying the crystal structure of substances
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/78—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with alkali- or alkaline earth metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- C07C2523/74—Iron group metals
- C07C2523/745—Iron
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/235,279 US6936743B2 (en) | 2002-09-05 | 2002-09-05 | Method for extending catalyst life in processes for preparing vinyl aromatic hydrocarbons |
| US10/235,279 | 2002-09-05 | ||
| PCT/US2003/026947 WO2004022212A2 (en) | 2002-09-05 | 2003-08-28 | A method for extending catalyst life in processes for preparing vinyl aromatic hydrocarbons |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2493486A1 CA2493486A1 (en) | 2004-03-18 |
| CA2493486C true CA2493486C (en) | 2011-10-18 |
Family
ID=31977541
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2493486A Expired - Fee Related CA2493486C (en) | 2002-09-05 | 2003-08-28 | A method for extending catalyst life in processes for preparing vinyl aromatic hydrocarbons |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US6936743B2 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP1545758B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP4355289B2 (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR100980652B1 (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN1301942C (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU2003260118A1 (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2493486C (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES2602177T3 (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2004022212A2 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060224029A1 (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2006-10-05 | Fina Technology, Inc. | Method of extending catalyst life in vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon formation |
| EP2000450A1 (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2008-12-10 | Total Petrochemicals France | Regeneration and stabilization of dehydrogenation catalyst |
| US7981377B2 (en) * | 2007-11-06 | 2011-07-19 | Fina Technology, Inc. | Dehydrogenation of alkyl aromatics |
| US9138706B2 (en) | 2008-04-22 | 2015-09-22 | Fina Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for addition of an alkali metal promoter to a dehydrogenation catalyst |
| US8648007B2 (en) | 2008-04-22 | 2014-02-11 | Fina Technology, Inc. | Vaporization and transportation of alkali metal salts |
| CN101623643B (zh) * | 2008-07-08 | 2011-07-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 失活乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯催化剂的再生方法 |
| CN101992129B (zh) * | 2009-08-31 | 2013-03-06 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 乙苯脱氢制备苯乙烯催化剂的补钾方法 |
| US9266091B2 (en) | 2012-03-29 | 2016-02-23 | Uop Llc | Reforming catalysts with tuned acidity for maximum aromatics yield |
| US8912110B2 (en) | 2012-03-29 | 2014-12-16 | Uop Llc | Catalyst for conversion of hydrocarbons |
| AU2016366180A1 (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2018-06-07 | The University Of North Carolina At Charlotte | Devices, systems, and methods for heterogeneous catalytic quenching of hydrogen peroxide in a water source |
| JP7416824B2 (ja) | 2019-04-18 | 2024-01-17 | ルーマス テクノロジー エルエルシー | エチルベンゼン脱水素触媒活性を維持するためのシステム及びプロセス |
| US10961169B2 (en) | 2019-04-18 | 2021-03-30 | Lummus Technology Llc | Systems and processes for maintaining ethylbenzene dehydration catalyst activity |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2518354A (en) * | 1943-03-24 | 1950-08-08 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Method of maintaining catalyst activity in a dehydrogenation process |
| US4590324A (en) * | 1985-03-11 | 1986-05-20 | Amoco Corporation | Dehydrogenation of alkylaromatics |
| DD298353A5 (de) * | 1989-08-10 | 1992-02-20 | Buna Ag,De | Verfahren zur regenerierung von kaliumpromotierten dehydrierkatalysatoren |
| US5503163A (en) | 1991-06-20 | 1996-04-02 | Boyd; Lynn | Neurosurgical drape pack |
| US5461179A (en) * | 1993-07-07 | 1995-10-24 | Raytheon Engineers & Constructors, Inc. | Regeneration and stabilization of dehydrogenation catalysts |
| US5739071A (en) * | 1993-07-07 | 1998-04-14 | Raytheon Engineers & Constructors, Inc. | Method and apparatus for regeneratinig and stabilizing dehydrogenation catalysts |
| US5689027A (en) * | 1994-11-18 | 1997-11-18 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Selective ethylbenzene conversion |
| CN1056596C (zh) | 1994-12-14 | 2000-09-20 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | 大颗粒脱氢催化剂及脱氢方法 |
| IT1293531B1 (it) | 1997-08-01 | 1999-03-01 | Sud Chemie Mt S R L Ex Monteca | Catalizzatori per la deidrogenazione dell'etilbenzene a stirene |
-
2002
- 2002-09-05 US US10/235,279 patent/US6936743B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-08-28 ES ES03794519.3T patent/ES2602177T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-28 EP EP03794519.3A patent/EP1545758B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-28 WO PCT/US2003/026947 patent/WO2004022212A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-08-28 CN CNB038211955A patent/CN1301942C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-28 CA CA2493486A patent/CA2493486C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-28 KR KR1020057002584A patent/KR100980652B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-28 JP JP2004534345A patent/JP4355289B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-28 AU AU2003260118A patent/AU2003260118A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2005
- 2005-06-03 US US11/145,345 patent/US20050222477A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1545758A2 (en) | 2005-06-29 |
| KR20050049481A (ko) | 2005-05-25 |
| CA2493486A1 (en) | 2004-03-18 |
| EP1545758B1 (en) | 2016-08-10 |
| AU2003260118A8 (en) | 2004-03-29 |
| CN1301942C (zh) | 2007-02-28 |
| ES2602177T3 (es) | 2017-02-20 |
| AU2003260118A1 (en) | 2004-03-29 |
| US20040049091A1 (en) | 2004-03-11 |
| WO2004022212A3 (en) | 2004-07-29 |
| US6936743B2 (en) | 2005-08-30 |
| KR100980652B1 (ko) | 2010-09-07 |
| JP4355289B2 (ja) | 2009-10-28 |
| EP1545758A4 (en) | 2010-03-10 |
| CN1681751A (zh) | 2005-10-12 |
| WO2004022212A2 (en) | 2004-03-18 |
| JP2006511467A (ja) | 2006-04-06 |
| US20050222477A1 (en) | 2005-10-06 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA2493486C (en) | A method for extending catalyst life in processes for preparing vinyl aromatic hydrocarbons | |
| US20090318741A1 (en) | Method of improving a dehydrogenation process | |
| EP0703896B1 (en) | Low pressure process for the manufacture of cyclohexanedicarboxylate esters | |
| US7569738B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for addition of aqueous solutions to high temperature processes | |
| CN103588601A (zh) | 甲苯甲醇择型烷基化生产对二甲苯的流化床方法 | |
| TWI549749B (zh) | A catalyst composition for preparing o-phenylphenol and a process for preparing o-phenylphenol using the catalyst composition | |
| US20110130605A1 (en) | Regeneration and Stabilization of Dehydrogenation Catalyst | |
| EP0085718A4 (en) | SELECTIVE CALCINATED DEHYDROGENATION CATALYST. | |
| EP0397483A2 (en) | Multistage ethylbenzene dehydrogenation process with split-flow hydrocarbon feed | |
| US20060224029A1 (en) | Method of extending catalyst life in vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon formation | |
| US4180690A (en) | Oxydehydrogenation of alkylaromatic hydrocarbons and catalytic composite therefor | |
| CN101213019A (zh) | 用于改进适用于马来酸酐生产的催化剂的新型磷加入方法 | |
| CN112573980B (zh) | 一种制备异丙苯的方法及其异丙苯、以及环氧丙烷的制备方法 | |
| WO2001010802A1 (en) | Manufacture of cyclohexane from benzene and a hydrogen source containing impurities | |
| US8178738B2 (en) | Method for extending catalyst life in processes for preparing vinyl aromatic hydrocarbons | |
| CN102372588A (zh) | 芳烃烷基化制对二甲苯的移动床方法 | |
| CN102372589A (zh) | 芳烃烷基化制对二甲苯的移动床催化工艺 | |
| JPS60115534A (ja) | パラ−タ−シャリ−ブチルスチレンの製造法 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20200831 |