CA2479048A1 - Reduction of metal oxides in an electrolytic cell - Google Patents
Reduction of metal oxides in an electrolytic cell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2479048A1 CA2479048A1 CA002479048A CA2479048A CA2479048A1 CA 2479048 A1 CA2479048 A1 CA 2479048A1 CA 002479048 A CA002479048 A CA 002479048A CA 2479048 A CA2479048 A CA 2479048A CA 2479048 A1 CA2479048 A1 CA 2479048A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- electrolyte
- metal oxide
- cathode
- potential
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
- C25C7/005—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells of cells for the electrolysis of melts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/129—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds by dissociation, e.g. thermic dissociation of titanium tetraiodide, or by electrolysis or with the use of an electric arc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/18—Electrolytes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/26—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, tantalum or vanadium
- C25C3/28—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, tantalum or vanadium of titanium
Abstract
A method of reducing a metal oxide, such as titania in a solid state in an electrolytic cell is disclosed. The electrolytic cell includes an anode, a cathode, and a molten electrolyte. The electrolyte includes cations of a met al that is capable of chemically reducing the metal oxide. The metal oxide in a solid state is immersed in the electrolyte. The method includes a step of operating the cell at a potential that is above a potential at which cations of the metal that is capable of chemically reducing the metal oxide deposit as the metal on the cathode, whereby the metal chemically reduces the metal oxi de.
Claims (14)
1. A method of reducing a metal oxide in a solid state in an electrolytic cell, which electrolytic cell includes an anode, a cathode, a molten electrolyte, the electrolyte includes cations of a metal that is capable of chemically reducing the metal oxide, and the metal oxide in a solid state is immersed in the electrolyte, and which method includes a step of operating the cell at a potential that is above a potential at which cations of the metal that is capable of chemically reducing the metal oxide can deposit as the metal on the cathode, whereby the metal chemically reduces the metal oxide.
2. The method defined in claim 1 includes operating the cell that is above the potential at which cations of the metal that is capable of chemically reducing the metal oxide deposit as the metal on the cathode so that the metal deposits on the cathode.
3. The method defined in claim 2 wherein the metal deposited on the cathode is soluble in the electrolyte and can dissolve in the electrolyte and thereby migrate to the vicinity of the metal oxide.
4. The method defined in any one of the preceding claims wherein the metal oxide is a titanium oxide, the electrolyte is a CaCl2-based electrolyte that includes CaO as one of the constituents of the electrolyte, and the cell potential is above a potential at which Ca metal can deposit on the cathode.
5. The method defined in claim 4 wherein the cell potential is below the decomposition potential for CaCl2 to minimise forming C12 gas at the anode.
6. The method defined in claim 4 or claim 5 wherein the cell potential is less than or equal to 3.5V
in a cell operating with the electrolyte at 600-1100°C.
in a cell operating with the electrolyte at 600-1100°C.
7. The method defined in any one of claims 4 to 6 wherein the cell potential is at least 1.3V in a cell operating with the electrolyte at 600-1100°C.
8. The method defined in any one of claims 4 to 7 wherein the CaCl2-based electrolyte is a commercially available source of CaCl2 that forms CaO on heating or otherwise includes CaO.
9. The method defined in any one of claims 4 to 7 wherein the CaCl2-based electrolyte includes CaCl2 and CaO that are added separately or pre-mixed to form the electrolyte.
10. The method defined in any one of the preceding claims wherein the anode a.s graphite.
11. The method defined in any one of the preceding claims wherein the anode is graphite and the electrolytic cell includes a membrane that is permeable to oxygen anions and is impermeable to carbon in ionic and non-ionic forms positioned between the cathode and the anode to thereby prevent migration of carbon to the cathode.
12. The method defined in any one of the preceding claims wherein the cathode is formed at least in part from the metal oxide.
13. An electrolytic cell reducing a metal oxide in a solid state, which electrolytic cell includes an anode, a cathode, a molten electrolyte, which electrolyte includes cations of a metal that is capable of chemically reducing the metal oxide, and a metal oxide in a solid state immersed in the electrolyte, and which electrolytic cell operates at a potential that is above a potential at which cations of the metal that is capable of chemically reducing the metal oxide deposit as the metal on the cathode, whereby the metal chemically reduces the metal oxide.
14. The cell defined in claim 12 wherein the cathode is formed at least in part from the metal oxide.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPS1071A AUPS107102A0 (en) | 2002-03-13 | 2002-03-13 | Electrolytic reduction of metal oxides |
| AUPS1071 | 2002-03-13 | ||
| AUPS3049 | 2002-06-19 | ||
| AUPS3049A AUPS304902A0 (en) | 2002-06-19 | 2002-06-19 | Reduction of metal oxides in an electrolytic cell |
| PCT/AU2003/000306 WO2003076690A1 (en) | 2002-03-13 | 2003-03-13 | Reduction of metal oxides in an electrolytic cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2479048A1 true CA2479048A1 (en) | 2003-09-18 |
| CA2479048C CA2479048C (en) | 2012-07-10 |
Family
ID=27805836
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2479048A Expired - Fee Related CA2479048C (en) | 2002-03-13 | 2003-03-13 | Reduction of metal oxides in an electrolytic cell |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP2770086A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4658479B2 (en) |
| KR (2) | KR101038701B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1650051B (en) |
| BR (1) | BR0308384B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2479048C (en) |
| EA (1) | EA007046B1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MXPA04008887A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO340277B1 (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ531467A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003076690A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200407434B (en) |
Families Citing this family (32)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUPS117002A0 (en) * | 2002-03-13 | 2002-04-18 | Bhp Billiton Innovation Pty Ltd | Minimising carbon transfer in an electrolytic cell |
| GB0219640D0 (en) * | 2002-08-23 | 2002-10-02 | Univ Cambridge Tech | Electrochemical method and apparatus |
| AU2002951962A0 (en) * | 2002-10-09 | 2002-10-24 | Bhp Billiton Innovation Pty Ltd | Electrolytic reduction of metal oxides |
| AU2002952083A0 (en) * | 2002-10-16 | 2002-10-31 | Bhp Billiton Innovation Pty Ltd | Minimising carbon transfer in an electrolytic cell |
| JP4502617B2 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2010-07-14 | 日本軽金属株式会社 | Metal oxide reduction method and metal oxide reduction apparatus |
| JP4513297B2 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2010-07-28 | 日本軽金属株式会社 | Metal oxide reduction method and metal oxide reduction apparatus |
| RU2006137273A (en) * | 2004-03-22 | 2008-04-27 | Би Эйч Пи БИЛЛИТОН ИННОВЕЙШН ПТИ ЛТД (AU) | ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION OF METAL OXIDES |
| CN101018894A (en) * | 2004-06-28 | 2007-08-15 | Bhp比利顿创新公司 | Production of titanium |
| EP1920087B1 (en) * | 2005-08-01 | 2017-03-22 | Metalysis Limited | Electrochemical reduction of titanium oxide |
| NO20062776L (en) * | 2006-06-14 | 2007-12-17 | Norsk Titanium Tech As | Method, apparatus and means for producing material in a molten salt electrolyte |
| CN100532653C (en) * | 2006-11-03 | 2009-08-26 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Method for extracting titanium from electrolyzed molten salt |
| GB0714021D0 (en) * | 2007-07-18 | 2007-08-29 | Green Metals Ltd | Improvements in anode materials |
| GB0902486D0 (en) | 2009-02-13 | 2009-04-01 | Metalysis Ltd | A method for producing metal powders |
| GB201010772D0 (en) * | 2010-06-26 | 2010-08-11 | Fray Derek J | Method for texturing silicon surfaces |
| BR112013011941A2 (en) | 2010-11-18 | 2016-11-01 | Metalysis Ltd | method and system for electrolytically reducing a solid feedstock |
| GB201019615D0 (en) | 2010-11-18 | 2010-12-29 | Metalysis Ltd | Electrolysis apparatus and method |
| US9725815B2 (en) | 2010-11-18 | 2017-08-08 | Metalysis Limited | Electrolysis apparatus |
| GB201102023D0 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2011-03-23 | Metalysis Ltd | Electrolysis method, apparatus and product |
| RU2466216C1 (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2012-11-10 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Национальный исследовательский Томский политехнический университет" | Method for obtaining metallic titanium by means of electrolysis |
| EA030643B1 (en) | 2011-10-04 | 2018-09-28 | Металисиз Лимитед | Electrolytic production of powder |
| GB201223375D0 (en) | 2012-12-24 | 2013-02-06 | Metalysis Ltd | Method and apparatus for producing metal by electrolytic reduction |
| KR101526298B1 (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2015-06-10 | 서울대학교산학협력단 | Method of manufacturing a titanium oxide electrode, system for generating oxidative reactive species, system for generating chlorine, dye-sensitized solar cell, and electric double-layer capacitor including the same |
| GB201411433D0 (en) | 2014-06-26 | 2014-08-13 | Metalysis Ltd | Method and apparatus for electrolytic reduction of a feedstock comprising oxygen and a first metal |
| KR101740424B1 (en) | 2015-08-18 | 2017-05-26 | 충남대학교산학협력단 | Fabrication Method of metal titanium using Ilmenite ore |
| NL2015759B1 (en) | 2015-11-10 | 2017-05-26 | Stichting Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland | Additive manufacturing of metal objects. |
| AU2017220569B2 (en) * | 2016-02-17 | 2022-06-23 | Metalysis Limited | Methods of making graphene materials |
| GB201615659D0 (en) | 2016-09-14 | 2016-10-26 | Metalysis Ltd | Method of producing a powder |
| GB201615658D0 (en) | 2016-09-14 | 2016-10-26 | Metalysis Ltd | Method of producing a composite material |
| GB201615660D0 (en) | 2016-09-14 | 2016-10-26 | Metalysis Ltd | Method of producing a powder |
| NL2018890B1 (en) | 2017-05-10 | 2018-11-15 | Admatec Europe B V | Additive manufacturing of metal objects |
| NL2021611B1 (en) | 2018-09-12 | 2020-05-06 | Admatec Europe B V | Three-dimensional object and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN109763146B (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2021-03-26 | 贵州省过程工业技术研究中心 | Preparation method of titanium-based composite material anode for aluminum electrolysis |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS322357B1 (en) * | 1954-12-29 | 1957-04-18 | ||
| ITTO970080A1 (en) | 1997-02-04 | 1998-08-04 | Marco Vincenzo Ginatta | PROCEDURE FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION OF METALS |
| GB9812169D0 (en) * | 1998-06-05 | 1998-08-05 | Univ Cambridge Tech | Purification method |
| GB2359564B (en) * | 2000-02-22 | 2004-09-29 | Secr Defence | Improvements in the electrolytic reduction of metal oxides |
| AUPR443801A0 (en) * | 2001-04-10 | 2001-05-17 | Bhp Innovation Pty Ltd | Removal of oxygen from metal oxides and solid metal solutions |
| AUPR602901A0 (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2001-07-26 | Bhp Innovation Pty Ltd | Removal of oxygen from metals oxides and solid metal solutions |
| AUPR712101A0 (en) * | 2001-08-16 | 2001-09-06 | Bhp Innovation Pty Ltd | Process for manufacture of titanium products |
| JP2003129268A (en) * | 2001-10-17 | 2003-05-08 | Katsutoshi Ono | Method for smelting metallic titanium and smelter therefor |
-
2003
- 2003-03-13 WO PCT/AU2003/000306 patent/WO2003076690A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-03-13 CA CA2479048A patent/CA2479048C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-03-13 CN CN038092735A patent/CN1650051B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-03-13 BR BRPI0308384-5A patent/BR0308384B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-03-13 KR KR1020047014399A patent/KR101038701B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2003-03-13 JP JP2003574882A patent/JP4658479B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-03-13 EP EP14163470.9A patent/EP2770086A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-03-13 EP EP03743767A patent/EP1492905A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-03-13 NZ NZ531467A patent/NZ531467A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-03-13 EA EA200401203A patent/EA007046B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-03-13 KR KR1020117003330A patent/KR20110025237A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2003-03-13 MX MXPA04008887A patent/MXPA04008887A/en active IP Right Grant
-
2004
- 2004-09-15 NO NO20043857A patent/NO340277B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-09-16 ZA ZA200407434A patent/ZA200407434B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO340277B1 (en) | 2017-03-27 |
| EP1492905A1 (en) | 2005-01-05 |
| EA007046B1 (en) | 2006-06-30 |
| KR20110025237A (en) | 2011-03-09 |
| WO2003076690A1 (en) | 2003-09-18 |
| MXPA04008887A (en) | 2004-11-26 |
| NO20043857L (en) | 2004-12-08 |
| NZ531467A (en) | 2007-06-29 |
| EP1492905A4 (en) | 2006-06-28 |
| EP2770086A3 (en) | 2014-10-29 |
| BR0308384B1 (en) | 2014-02-04 |
| CA2479048C (en) | 2012-07-10 |
| KR101038701B1 (en) | 2011-06-02 |
| EA200401203A1 (en) | 2005-06-30 |
| JP2005520045A (en) | 2005-07-07 |
| JP4658479B2 (en) | 2011-03-23 |
| CN1650051A (en) | 2005-08-03 |
| BR0308384A (en) | 2005-01-25 |
| EP2770086A2 (en) | 2014-08-27 |
| KR20040111408A (en) | 2004-12-31 |
| CN1650051B (en) | 2011-02-23 |
| ZA200407434B (en) | 2006-05-31 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20210913 |
|
| MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20200313 |