CA2386798A1

CA2386798A1 - Elevator drive

Info

Publication number: CA2386798A1
Application number: CA002386798A
Authority: CA
Inventors: Albert Schenk
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Osma-Aufzuge Albert Schenk & Co KG GmbH
Priority date: 1999-10-08
Filing date: 1999-10-08
Publication date: 2001-04-19
Also published as: WO2001027016A1; EP1218280A1; ATE245597T1; TR200200905T2; DE59906401D1; EP1218280B1; JP2003511324A; AU1151700A

Abstract

A drive (5) for an elevator (1) with a car (3) held by cables, said car moving up and down in a vertical shaft (2), in addition to a driving disk (10) for the cables of the car (3) and a drive motor (7) mounted parallel to the axis of the drive disk (10), whereby the drive motor (7) is connected to a pulley (9) by means of a drive belt (8), said drive belt being mounted coaxially relative to the drive disk (10). Said drive is embodied in such a way that the drive motor (7) is equipped with a braking device (20) acting upon the motor shaft (16).

Description

a DRIVING MECHA1~ISM FOR AN ELEVATOR
The invention relates to a driving mechanism for an elevator with a car held on ropes, pursuant to the introductory portion of claim 1.
It is necessary that a braking device be provided, which will prevent the car from falling in case of failure of the power supply. For this purpose, it is known to make a braking device act on the belt pulley or driving mechanism pulley through a disk brake disposed coaxially on the latter. Since such driving mechanisms are preferably integrated into the elevator shaft, the space available is cramped. The driving mechanism pulley and belt pulley are, as a rule, arranged as a flat pack on a shaft wall so that, when the car is in the extreme position, it will lie at least partially alongside the latter. The additional installation of a brake system entails considerable space problems, which as a rule can be solved only by a very small hydraulic brake system, which of course entails a cost disadvantage.
It is an object of the invention to prevent such disadvantages in a driving mechanism of this kind.

Pursuant to the invention, this objective is accomplished with the distinguishing features of claim 1. For further advantageous embodiments of the invention, reference is made to claims 2 to 19.
By the association of the brake system with the motor, a separation of the driving disk and belt pulley, on the one hand, and the brake system, on the other, is achieved. The motor can be arranged so that it is spaced apart from the shaft area traveled by the car, so that here the space conditions for a brake are more favorable. The driving mechanism disk and belt pulley system can thus be kept very thin, since there is no need for an additional brake disk that would be coaxial with it. In particular, there is no need for a brake cylinder or the like in this area.
An especially compact design can be achieved if the brake system configured as a disk or drum brake acting on the motor shaft is disposed between the motor and a fan wheel serving anyway far its ventilation. This fan wheel can then supply cooling air both to the motor and to the brake system, which is heated by the flow of current.
If an emergency power supply is to be provided, which will assure an uninterrupted power supply to the brake system in case of failure of the power mains, there is no need for a hand lever or the like for applying the brake if the main power supply fails . Even in this condition, the emergency power supply unit , CA 02386798 2002-04-05 can provide an electromagnetic application of the brake, so that the structural cost is reduced. In particular, it is then possible in case of a power failure for a person in an easily accessible location to release the brake electromagnetically to bring the car from a position possibly between floors to a landing position to permit evacuation of passengers. For this purpose, a switch box, from which the release of the brakes can be actuated, can be arranged at an easily accessible location, for example, under a control panel on the ground floor, under a step or in some other suitable place next to the elevator. Also, a plurality of remote controls for releasing the brakes can be provided. The poor accessibility of a hand lever contained in a machine room above the elevator shaft, for example, which formerly was necessary for releasing the brakes, is thus eliminated.
The configuration of the driving mechanism wheel, as simplified by the transfer of the brake system, makes it possible to join the belt pulley in one piece with the hub of the driving mechanism wheel and to flange-mount thereon the driving mechanism disk, which is subject to great wear, so that it can easily be replaced. The driving mechanism wheel then essentially comprises only these two components.
Additional advantages and details will be found in an embodiment of the subject of the invention described below and represented in the drawing.

In the drawing, Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through an elevator shaft head where the driving mechanism wheel and the motor of the inventive driving mechanism is arranged in the shaft.
Figure 2 shows a front elevation of the driving mechanism of the invention as seen from the shaft.
Figure 3 shows a top plan view of the driving mechanism in Figure 2.
Figure 4 shows a partially cut-away representation of the motor and the attached brake system as well as the fan wheel.
Figure 5 shows a view similar to Figure 4 with the opposite housing part cut away.
Figure 6 shows a detailed view of the brake system to be placed on the motor shaft.
Figure 7 shows a partially cut-away plan view of the driving mechanism wheel with the belt pulley and the flange-mounted driving disk.

f Figure 8 shows a section taken along line VIII-VBI in Figure 1.
Figure 9 shows a section taken along line IX-IX in Figure 1.
Figure 10 shows the bottom of the shaft of an elevator with the driving mechanism installed therein.
According to the embodiment, the elevator, generally identified by 1, has a vertical shaft 2 for the ascent and descent of a car 3. A driving mechanism 5 is provided for it, which comprises a driving mechanism wheel 6 as well as a motor 7 acting thereon. The connection between the driving mechanism wheel 6 and the motor 7 is provided by at least one belt 8, which in this case is a multiple V-belt and can transmit both driving and braking forces.
The driving mechanism wheel 6 comprises a belt pulley 9, over which the belt 8 runs, and a driving mechanism drum 10, which bears the ropes 11 for suspending and driving the car 3. The motor 7 is mounted on a wing 12 on a collar part 35 of the supporting frame 13, which bears on its main portion 34 the bearing of the shaft 14 of the driving mechanism wheel 6 and is disposed on mounts 15 on the elevator shaft 2, so as to swing within the reach of an axis of rotation 17 running coaxially to shaft 16 of the motor 7. A force is applied to the wing 12 by a tension spring 18 to tighten the driving mechanism belt 8. Also, s hydraulic or other tension means can be used instead of the mechanical spring 18.
Aside from the wing 12 and its mounting on the frame 13, the motor 7 requires no further mounting, especially no direct mounting on the walls of the elevator shaft 2.
The driving mechanism 5 can be held as a whole in a niche above an upper door locking beam 36 in the shaft head 4 or also in the bottom area 39 of the shaft (Figure 10) underneath a lower door frame 38. Access to the driving mechanism S for maintenance is possible through an outward opening to permit maintenance from the outside.
A brake system 20 is associated with the motor 7 and acts on the motor shaft 16. The brake system 20 can be in the form of a drum or disk brake. In the present embodiment a disk brake 21 is provided, which is provided with friction surfaces 22 for contact with brake shoes 40, 41, 42. The brake shoes 40, 41 are disposed on one side of the brake disk 21 and form parts of a movable armature disk. The brake disk 21 is displaceable axially with respect to the motor shaft 16.
Supports 42 that are stationary with respect to the motor 7, in this case, a motor flange, serve as confronting brake shoes 42 [sic] . Due to the axial movability of the brake disk 21, which is urged by brake shoes 40, 41 against the motor flange 42 for braking, an especially short form of the brake system as a whole can be made possible. A common floating or ftxed saddle disk brake would require more CA 02386798 2002-04-05 , space. The brake system 20 comprises two coils 26, 43, powered independently of one another, which can be powered individually by electromagnetic actuation.
In the unenergized state, the brake shoes 40, 41 are urged by springs 25 against the friction surfaces 22 of the brake disk 21, so that the axially displaceable brake disk 21 is pressed on the opposite side against the motor flange 42. Thus, the rotation of the motor shaft 16 is retarded. To release the brake shoes 40, 41, electrical energy is needed, which by a flow of current passing through the coils 26 and 43, moves a magnetic core 27 outward against the force of spring 25 and thus releases the brake shoes 40 and 41. Due to the selective activation of coils 26 and 43, no additional components are required for the separate testing of each single brake circuit. In order to release the brakes without additional mechanical components, for example, levers, cable releases or the like, in the event of a main power failure, a power supply free of interruption is provided by an emergency power unit.
The operating controls for the release of the brakes can be made easily accessible.
The brake system 20 is arranged in its entirety on the so-called B end of the motor 7 and, interposed between the fan wheel and the motor 7, a hollow shaft transducer can be provided between the fan wheel 28 and the brake system 20 to control the motor speed. The brake system 20 can then be covered over by a housing cap 29 together with the fan wheel 28. This embodiment is especially easy from the manufacturing viewpoint, since only the motor shaft 16 and the housing cap 29 over it need to be increased as regards their dimensions. The brake system 20 can then be slipped as a whole as a modular unit onto the motor shaft 16.
This simplifies assembly.
The driving mechanism wheel 6 is configured so that the belt pulley 9, on the margin of which the driving mechanism belt 8 is held, is made in one piece with the hub 30 of the driving mechanism wheel 6. Thus, this component can be cast in one piece.
The driving mechanism disk 10 is placed on the belt disk 9 at a shoulder 31 and flange mounted thereon by bolts or the like. If mounted by a plurality of bolts, it is easy to remove the driving mechanism disk 10, which thus can be simply replaced when worn.
In general, the invention permits the brake system 20 to be shifted from the driving mechanism wheel 6 to the motor 7, which is easy from the safety point of view even if the belt 8 breaks since, according to recent standards, the car must be protected against falling at the top as well as at the bottom. Even if the car has a light load - for example, with one person - the car cannot escape upward due to the force of the counterweight.
On account of the improved availability of space around the motor 7, a fully electromagnetic brake system 20 can be used. A hydraulic braking system with its attendant high cost can also be used, but it is not necessary.
The motor 7 can be a common asynchronous motor, which needs only to be equipped with a longer motor shaft 16. Since the motor 7 is mounted on the spring-loaded wing 12, no tensioning of the belt 8 is needed. The belt is a reinforced multiple flat V-belt and therefore is qualified for the transmission of braking forces. In general, the driving mechanism 5 in the shaft is aligned so that the axis of rotation 14 of the driving mechanism wheel 6 lies in the guidance plane 32, which extends between vertical rails 33 guiding the car 3. The motor 7 is compactly contained in a pocket above the upper door beam 36 or underneath the bottom doorframe 38. The driving mechanism wheel speed is lower than the motor speed, especially in a ratio of about 1 : 10. Due to the rope, the driving mechanism rotatory speed of the wheel is in a ratio of 2 : 1 or 1 : 1 to the movement of the car.
The driving mechanism belt 8 can be made up of two or more independent belts running parallel (not shown). In addition, a safety-monitoring device can be provided which, if one of the belts fails, that is, breaks, for example, will provide braking or cause the supply of power to the motor to be interrupted

Claims

1. A driving mechanism (5) for an elevator (1) with a car (3), which is held by ropes and can be moved up and down in a vertically extending shaft (2), as well as with a driving disk (10) for the ropes of the car (3) and a driving motor (7), which is disposed with its axle parallel to that of the driving disc (10), the driving motor (7) being connected by driving belts (8) to a belt disk (9), which is disposed coaxially with the driving disk (10), the driving motor (7) being provided with a braking device (20), which acts on the motor shaft (16), wherein, in the event of a failure of the main power supply, an emergency power supply ensures uninterrupted power to the braking device (20) and the electromagnetic release of the latter over one or several actuating elements, which are remote from the braking device, is made possible.

2. The driving mechanism of claim 1, wherein the braking device (20) comprises two brakes (23; 24), which can be actuated independently of one another, in the voltage-free state prevent rotation of the motor shaft (16) and are released individually over electrical actuation.

3. The driving mechanism of one of the claims 1 or 2, wherein the braking device (20) adjoins the driving motor (7) axially and is held between the latter and a ventilating wheel (28), which is also assigned to the drive shaft.

4. The driving mechanism of one of the claims 1 to 3, wherein the braking device (20) is constructed as a disk brake.

5. The driving mechanism of one of the claims 1 to 4, wherein the ribbed V belt is reinforced for transmitting the braking moment.

6. The driving mechanism of one of the claims 1 to 5, wherein, for forming a driving wheel (6), the belt disk (9) is constructed in one piece with the hub (30) of the driving wheel (6) and the driving disc (10) is flanged to the latter.

7. The driving mechanism of claim 6, wherein the driving disc (10) is held at the driving wheel (6) with several bolts and can be detached from the latter as a part subject to wear.

8. The driving mechanism of one of the claims 1 to 7, wherein, for controlling the motor, a hollow shaft transmitter (44) is disposed between the braking device (20) and the ventilating wheel (28).

9. The driving mechanism of one of the claims 1 to 8, wherein the driving wheel (6) is mounted at a carrying frame (13) so that it can rotate about a stationary axle (14) and the driving motor (7) is supported at a rocker arm (12), which is hinged to the supporting frame (13) and acted upon by a tension spring (18).

10. The driving mechanism of one of the claims 1 to 9, wherein, in the installed position of the parts, the axis of rotation (14) of the driving wheel (6) is disposed in the guiding plane (32) of vertical guide rails (33) assigned to the vertical longitudinal median plane of the car (3).

11. The driving mechanism of one of the claims 1 to 10, wherein an asynchronous motor forms the driving motor (7).

12. The driving mechanism of one of the claims 1 to 11, wherein, the supporting frame (13) has a main part (34), which surrounds the driving wheel (6) and a protruding part (35), which starts out from this main part (34) and to the end of which the rocker arm (12) for the driving motor (7) is hinged.

13. The driving mechanism of one of the claims 1 to 12, wherein, in comparison to the rpm of the driving wheel (6), the movement of the car (3) is geared down by the ropes in a 2:1 or 1:1 suspension.

14. The driving mechanism of one of the claims 1 to 13, wherein, the driving belt (8) is a flat ribbed V-belt.

15. The driving mechanism of one of the claims 1 to 14, wherein, in the installed position of the parts, the motor shaft (16) of the driving motor (7) is aligned parallel to the plane of the doors (37), which block access on each floor to the shaft.

16. The driving mechanism of one of the claims 1 to 15, wherein, the drive motor (7) can be mounted in a region above an upper door lintel profile (36) and, above this, in the head space (4) of the shaft.

17. The driving mechanism of one of the claims 1 to 16, wherein, the drive motor (7) can be mounted below the lower door frame (38) in a region (39) formed by the lower door frame (38) and walls of the shaft (2) below.

18. The driving mechanism of one of the claims 1 to 17, wherein, the drive belt (8) comprises at least two belts, which are independent of one another, and a safety inquiry device, which releases one of the belts in the event of a breakdown.