CA2262377A1

CA2262377A1 - 2-heteroatom substituted cyclopentadienyl-containing metal complexes and olefin polymerization process

Info

Publication number: CA2262377A1
Application number: CA002262377A
Authority: CA
Inventors: Peter N. Nickias; David R. Wilson; William J. Kruper, Jr.; Jerzy Klosin; Jasson T. Patton
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Dow Chemical Co
Priority date: 1996-08-08
Filing date: 1997-07-28
Publication date: 1998-02-19
Also published as: AU716659B2; HUP9904148A3; WO1998006728A1; BR9711115A; NO990546D0; AR009034A1; JP2000516608A; RU2196776C2; AU3964797A; HUP9904148A2; NZ333877A; CO4870709A1; ZA976999B; EP1021454A1; TR199900589T2; ID18005A; SK15299A3; CZ42499A3; SA97180735B1; NO990546L

Abstract

This invention relates to heteroatom substituted cyclopentadienyl-containing ligands, metal complexes containing these ligands, catalyst systems prepared from catalyst components comprising these metal complexes. The metal complexes contain a heteroatom-Cp bond or a ring heteroatom-Cp bond in the 2-position of the Cp. In preferred metal complexes the ligand is a 2-heteroatom substituted indenyl group. The catalyst systems for olefin plymerization may be used at high temperatures, are highly active and produce high molecular weight polymer.

Description

W O 98106728 PCTfUS97/13171 METAL COMPLEX~S AND OLEFIN POLYMERIZATION PROCESS

CROSS-REPERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No.
60/023,768 filed August 8, 1996.

Field of the Invention This invention relates to a class of metal complexes, the ligands used to prepare these metal complexes and to olefin polymerization catalysts derived therefrom that are particularly suitable for use in a po]ymerization process for preparing polymers by 10 polymerization of o~-olefins and mixtures of o~-olefins.

Back~round Constrained geometry metal complexes and methods for their preparation are disclosed in U.S. Application Serial No. 545,403, filed July 3, 1990 (EP-A-416,815);
U.S. Application Serial No. 547,718, filed July 3, 1990 (EP-A-468,651); U.S.
Application Serial No. 702,475, filed May 20, 1991 (EP-A-514,828); U.S. Application Serial No. 876,268, filed May I, 1992, (EP-A-520,732) and U.S. Application Serial No. 8,003, filed January 21, 1993 (WO 93119104), as well as U.S.-A-5,055,438, U.S.-A-5,057,475, U.S.-A-5,096,867, U.S.-A-5,064,802, U.S.-A-5,132,380, and WO-95100526. The teachings of all of the foregoing patents or the corresponding U. S.
20 patent applications are hereby incorporated by reference.

U.S. Patent No.'s 5,350,817 and 5,304,614 disclose zirconium complexes with bridged-metallocene ligands, wherein two indenyl groups are covalently linked together by a bridge containing carbon or silicon, which are useful for the polymerization of propylene.

EP-A-577,581 discloses unsymmetrical bis-Cp metallocenes containing a fluorene ligand with heteroatom substituents.

WO 98106728 PCrlUS97/13171 E. Barsties; S. Schaible; M.-H. Prosenc; U. Rief; W. Roll; O. Weyland; B.
Dorerer; H.-H. Brintzinger J. Organometallic Chem. 1996, 520, 63-68, and H. Plenio;
D. Birth J. Organometallic Chem. 1996, 519, 269-272 disclose systems in which the cyclopentadienyl ring o~ the indenyl is substituted with a dimethylamino group in non-bridged and Si-bridged bis-indenyl useful for the formation of isotactic polypropylene and polyethylene.

R. Leino; H. J. K. Luttikhedde; P. Lehmus; C.-E. Wilen; R. Sjoholm; A.
Lehtonen; J. Seppala; J. H. Nasman Macromolecules, 1997, 30, 3477-3488 disclose C2-bridged bis-indenyl metallocenes with oxygen in the 2-position of the indenyl group, and I. M. Lee; W. J. Gauthier; J. M. Ball; B. Iyengar; S. Collins Organometallics, 1992, Il, 2115-2122 discloses C2-bridged bis-indenyl metallocenes with oxygen in the 5,6-positions of the indenyl group, while N. Piccolravazzi; P. Pino;
G. Consiglio; A. Sironi; M. Moret Organomet~llics, 1990, 9, 3098-3105 discloses non-bridged bis-indenyl metallocenes with oxygen in the 4- and 7-positions of the indenyl group.

It has been thought that heteroatom-substitution, as opposed to carbon or hydrogen substitution, on any position of the indenyl system of a metallocene complex, when used in an olefin polymerization catalyst, renders the catalyst less active, that is, there is lower catalyst productivity for polymerizations with o~-olefins, and the polymer produced has lower molecular weight with lo~ver tacticity. It has been suggested that the diminished activity of this broad class of catalysts is due to interaction of the heteroatom lone pair electrons with the Lewis acid cocatalyst polymerization activator, resulting in a more electronically deactivated Cp ring which is also more sterically hindered. SEE P. Foster; M. D. Rausch; J. C. W. Chien, J. Organometallic Chem.
1996, 519, 269-272.

Disclosure of random heteroatom substitution in mono-Cp metallocenes is found in EP-A-416,815, WO 95/07942, WO 96/13529, U.S. Patent No.'s 5,096,867 and 5,621,126 and related cases.

Wo 98/06728 PCTtUS97/1317 Up to now it has been thought that heteroatom substitution in metallocene complexes for use as olefin polymerization catalysts would have disadvantages due to unwanted interactions of the lone pair e~ectrons of the heteroatom either with the transition metal atom of the same or a different metallocene molecule, or with other 5 components of the catalyst system.

Numerous improvements in various metallocene complexes used as olefin polymerization catalysts have been made. However, problems still remain with catalyst efficiency and deactivation of the catalyst under high temperature polymerization conditions. It would be advantageous to be able to produce polyolefins 10 with higher molecular weights. It would also be advantageous to be able to improve other physical characteristics of the polymers produced by altering the substitution around the cyclopentadienyl group of the metallocene complexes used in olefin polymeri~ation catalyst systems. A new class of of the metal]ocene complexes for use in olefin polymerization catalyst systems may provide alternative solutions to the 15 aforementioned problems which have advantages over other solutions.

Summarv of the Invention According to the present invention there are provided metal complexes corresponding to the formula:

T-(R )j R~ \
R R MXpX'q where M is a metal from one of Groups 3 to 13 of the Periodic Table of the E]ements, the lanthanides or actinides, which is in the +2, +3 or +4 formal oxidation state and which is ~-bonded to one cyclopentadienyl group (Cp) which is a cyclic, delocalized, ~r-bound ligand group having S substituents: (RA)j-T where j is zero, I or 2; RB; RC; RD and Z; where RA, RB, RC and RD are R groups; and where T is a heteroatom whieh is covalently bonded to the Cp ring, and to RA when j is 1 or2,andwhen jisO,TisF,Cl,Br,orI;when jis l,TisOorS,or~orPandRA
has a double bond to T; when j is 2, T is N or P; and where RA independently eaeh occurrence is hydrogen, or, is a group having from I to 5 80 nonhydrogen atoms which is hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylsilyl, halo-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylamino-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydroearbylsilylhydroearbyl, hydroearbylamino, di(hydroearbyl)amino, hydrocarbyloxy, eaeh RA optionally being substituted with one or more groups which independently each occurrence is hydrocarbyloxy, hydrocarbylsiloxy, 10 hydrocarbylsilylamino, di(hydrocarbylsilyl)amino, hydrocarbylamino, di(hydrocarbyl)amino, di(hydroearbyl)phosphino, hydroearbylsulfido, hydrocarbyl,halo-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy-substituted hydroearbyl, hydrocarbylamino-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylsilyl or hydrocarbylsilylhydrocarbyl having from 1 to 20 nonhydrogen atoms, or a 15 noninterfering group having from 1 to 20 nonhydrogen atoms; and each of RB, RC and RD is hydrogen, or is a group having from I to 80 nonhydrogen atoms which is hydrocarbyl, halo-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy-substituted hydroearbyl, hydroearbylamino-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylsilyl, hydrocarbylsilylhydrocarbyl, each RB, RC or RD optionally being substituted with one 20 or more groups which independently each occurrence is hydrocarbyloxy, hydrocarbylsiloxy, hydrocarbylsilylamino, di(hydrocarbylsilyl)amino, hydroearbylamino, di(hydrocarbyl)amino, di(hydrocarbyl)phosphino, hydrocarbylsulfido, hydrocarbyl, halo-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy-substituted hydroearbyl, hydroearbylamino-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylsilyl or 25 hydrocarbylsilylhydroearbyl having from 1 to 20 nonhydrogen atoms, or a noninterfering group having from I to 20 nonhydrogen atoms; or, optionally, two or more of RA, RB, RC and RD are covalently linked with each other to form one or more fused rings or ring systems having from I to 80 nonhydrogen atoms for eaeh R
group, the one or more fused rings or ring systems being unsubstituted or substituted W O 98/06728 PCTrUS97113171 with one or more groups which independently each occurrence are hydrocarbyloxy, hydrocarbylsiloxy, hydrocarbylsilylamino, di(hydrocarbylsilyl)amino, hydrocarbylamino, di(hydrocarbyl)amino, di(hydrocarbyl)phosphino, hydrocarbylsulfido, hydrocarbyl, halo-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy-S substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylamino-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylsilyl or hydrocarbylsilylhydrocarbyl having from 1 to 20 nonhydrogen atoms, or a noninterfering group having from I to 20 nonhydrogen atoms;

Z is a divalent moiety bound to both Cp and M via ~-bonds, where Z comprises boron, or a member of Group 14 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, and also 10 comprises nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur or oxygen;

X is an anionic or dianionic ligand group having up to 60 atoms exclusive of the class of ligands that are cyclic, delocalized, 7~-bound ligand groups;

X' independently each occurrence is a neutral Lewis base ligating compound having up to 20 atoms;

p is zero, I or 2, and is two less than the formal oxidation state of M, when X is an anionic ligand; when X is a dianionic ligand group, p is l; and q is zero, 1 or 2.

The above complexes may exist as isolated crystals optionally in pure form or as a mixture with other complexes, in the form of a solvated adduct, optionally in a 20 solvent, especially an organic liquid, as well as in the form of a dimer or chelated derivative thereof, wherein the chelating agent is an organic material, preferably a neutral Lewis base, especial]y a trihydrocarbylamine, trihydrocarbylphosphine, or halogenated derivative thereof.

Also, according to the present invention, there is provided a catalyst system for 25 olefin polymerization prepared from catalyst system components comprising:

W O 9~/06728 PCTAUS97/13171 (A) a catalyst component comprising a metal complex of one of the aforementioned complexes; and (B) a cocatalyst component comprising an activating cocatalyst wherein the molar ratio of (A) to (B) is from 1: 10,000 to 100:1; or activation of (A) by use of an activating technique.

Another embodiment of this invention is a catalyst system for olefin polymerization prepared from catalyst system components comprising:

(A) a catalyst component comprising a metal complex of one of the aforementioned metal complexes; and (B) a cocata]yst component comprising an activating cocatalyst wherein the molar ratio of (A) to (B) is from 1:10,000 to ]00:1 wherein the metal complex is in the form of a radical cation.

Further according to the present invention there is provided a process for the polymerization of olefins comprising contacting one or more C2 20 o~-olefins under 15 polymerization conditions with one of the aforementioned catalyst systems.

A preferred process of this invention is a high temperature solution polymerization process for the polymerization of o]efins comprising contacting one or more C2 20 a-o]efins under polymerization conditions with one of the aforementioned catalyst systems at a temperature from about 100~C to about 250~C.

Within the scope of this invention are the polyolefin products produced by the aforementioned processes. Preferred products have long chain branching and reverse molecular architecture.

This invention also provides a cyclopentadienyl-containing ligand of one of the aforementioned metal complexes where the ligand is in the form of:

(A) a free base with 2 protons capable of being deprotonated;

Wo 98t06728 PCTtUSg7/1317 (B) a dilithium salt;

(C) a magnesium salt: or (D) a mono or disi]ylated dianion.

Within the scope of this aspect of the invention is the use of one of these 5 ligands for synthesis to produce a metal complex of this invention, or for synthesis to - produce a metal complex comprising a metal from one of Groups 3 to 13 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, the lanthanides or actinides, and from l to 4 of the ligands.

The present catalysts and processes result in the highly efficient production of10 high molecular weight olefin polymers over a wide range of polymcrization conditions, and especially at elevated temperatures. They are especially useful for the solution or bulk polymerization of ethylenelpropylene (EP polymers), ethylene/octene (EO polymers), ethylene/styrene (ES polymers), propylene and ethylenelpropylene/diene (EPDM polymers) wherein the diene is 15 ethylidenenorbornene, 1,4-hexadiene or similar nonconjugated diene. The use of elevated temperatures dramatically increases the productivity of such processes due to the fact that increased polymer solubility at elevated temperatures allows the use of increased conversions (higher concentration of polymer product) without exceeding solution viscosity limitations of the polymerization equipment as well as reduced 20 energy costs needed to devolatilize the reaction product.

The catalysts of this invention may also be supported on a support material and used in olefin polymerization processes in a slurry or in the gas phase. The catalyst may be prepolymerized with one or more olefin monomers in situ in a polymerization reactor or in a separate process with intermediate recovery of the prepolymerized 25 catalyst prior to the primary polymerization process.

Up to now it has been thought that heteroatom substitution directly on a ~ cyclopentadienyl (Cp) group which is a cyclic, delocalized, 7~-bound ligand group of a metallocene complex would not have a beneficial effect upon the usefulness of the complex in an olefin polymerization catalyst system. However, it has now been found that the preferred metallocene complexes of this invention with heteroatom substitution directly on a single 7~-bonded Cp group have extraordinary properties as olefin catalysts, allowing the production of high molecular weight polymers with5 desirable characteristics at high catalyst activities. Metallocene complexes with heteroatom substitution in the 2-position are highly preferred.

Brief description of the Fi~ures Figure 1 shows the crystal structure of dichloro(N-( I ,1 -dimethylethyl)-1, I -dimethyl- I -((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-rl)-2-dimethylamino- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato-(2-)-N-)-I 0 titanium.

Figure 2 shows the crystal structure of (N-(l?l-dimethylethyl)-l,l-dimethyl-l-(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-ethoxy- I H-inden- l -yl)silanaminato-~2-)-N-)-dimethyl-titanium.

Detailed Description All reference to the Periodic Table of the Elements herein shall refer to the 15 Periodic Table of the Elements, published and copyrighted by CRC Press, Inc., 1989.
Also, any reference to a Group or Groups shall be to the Group or Groups as reflected in this Periodic Table of the Elements using the IUPAC system for numbering groups.

Olefins as used herein are C2 20 aliphatic or aromatic compounds containing vinylic unsaturation, as well as cyclic compounds such as cyclobutene, cyclopentene, 20 and norbornene, inc]uding norbornene substituted in the 5- and 6- positions with C 1-20 hydrocarbyl groups. Also included are mixtures of such olefins as well asmixtures of such olefins with C4 40 diolefin compounds. Examples of the latter compounds include ethylidene norbornene, 1,4-hexadiene, norbornadiene, and the like.
The catalysts and processes herein are especially suited for use in preparation of 25 ethylene/l-butene, ethylene/l-hexene, ethylene/styrene, ethylene/propylene, ethylene/]-pentene, ethylene/4-methyl-1-pentene and ethylene/l-octene copolymers as W O 98106728 PCT~US97113171 well as terpolymers of ethylene, propylene and a nonconjugated diene, such as, for example, EPDM terpolymers.

Preferred X' groups are carbon monoxide; phosphines, especially trimethylphosphine, triethylphosphine, triphenylphosphine and bis(1,2-~ 5 dimethylphosphino)ethane; P(oRi)3, wherein Ri is hydrocarbyl, si]yl or a combination thereof; ethers, especially tetrahydrofuran; amines, especially pyridine, bipyridine, tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA), and triethylamine; olefins; and conjugated dienes having from 4 to 40 carbon atoms. Complexes including the latter X' groups include those wherein the metal is in the +2 formal oxidation state.

Preferred coordination complexes according to the present invention are complexes corresponding to the formula:

X'qXpM

where RW, RX, RY and RZ are R groups, each of which independently is hydrogen, or is a group having from I to 80 nonhydrogen atoms which is hydrocarbyl, halo-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylamino-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylsilyl, hydrocarbylsilylhydrocarbyl, each of RW, RX, RY and RZ optionally being substituted with one or more groups which independently each occurrence is hydrocarbyloxy, hydrocarbylsiloxy, hydrocarbylsilylamino, di(hydrocarbylsilyl)amino, hydrocarbylamino, di(hydrocarbyl)amino, di(hydrocarbyl)phosphino, hydrocarbylsulfido, hydrocarbyl, halo-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylamino-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylsilyl or _g _ hydrocarbylsilylhydrocarbyl having from 1 to 20 nonhydrogen atoms, or a noninterfering group having from I to 20 nonhydrogen atoms; or, optionally, two or more of RW, RX, RY, RZ, RA and RB are covalently linked with each other to form one or more fused rings or ring systems having from 1 to 80 nonhydrogen atoms for 5 each R group, the one or more fused rings or ring systems being unsubstituted or substituted with one or more groups which are hydrocarbyloxy, hydrocarbylsiloxy,hydrocarbylsilylamino, di(hydrocarbylsilyl)amino, hydrocarbylamino, di(hydrocarbyl)amino, di(hydrocarbyl)phosphino, hydrocarbylsulfido, hydrocarbyl,halo-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy-substituted hydrocarbyl, 10 hydrocarbylamino-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylsilyl or hydrocarbylsilylhydrocarbyl having from 1 to 20 nonhydrogen atoms, or a noninterfering group having from 1 to 20 nonhydrogen atoms.

Preferred RA groups are those wherein RA is hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylsilyl, hydrocarbyloxy-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylamino-substituted hydrocarbyl15 and T is O or N, more preferred are those wherein RA is hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylsilyl and T is O or N, and still more preferred are wherein RA is hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylsilyl and T is O.

Preferred heteroatom-containing substituents at the 2-position of the Cp are those wherein the (RA)j-T group dimethylamino, diethylamino, methylethylamino, 20 methylphenylamino, dipropylamino, dibutylamino, piperidinyl, morpholinyl, pyrrolidinyl, hexahydro- l H-azepin- 1 -yl, hexahydro- 1 (2H)-azocinyl, octahydro- 1 H-azonin-l-yl, octahydro-1(2H)-azecinyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, methylethyloxy,l,l-dimethyethyloxy, trimethylsiloxy or l,l-dimethylethyl(dimethylsilyl)oxy.

More preferred are those wherein the (RA)j-T group is methoxy, ethoxy, 25 propoxy, methylethyloxy, I,1-dimethyethyloxy, trimethylsiloxy, 1,1-dimethylethyl(dimethylsilyl)oxy.

In another aspect of this invention either the ligand or metal complex has one or more fused rings or ring systems in addition to the Cp or indenyl wherein the one or W O 98/06728 PCT~US97/13171 more fused rings or ring systems contain one or more ring heteroatoms which are N, O, S, or P. Preferred ring heteroatoms are N or O, with N being more highly preferred.

Other highly preferred complexes correspond to the formula:

~T-(R ) X'qXpM

S where the symbols are as previously defined, or, more preferred, correspond to the formula:

~T-(R ) X'qXpM/

where the symbols are as previously defined.

Highly preferred are the metal complexes and the heteroatom-containing ligands thereof where -Z- is -Z*-Y-, with Z* bonded to Cp and Y bonded to M, and Y is -O-, -S-, -NR*-, -PR*-;

Z* is SiR*2, CR*2, SiR*2SiR*2, CR*2CR*2, CR*=CR*, CR*2SiR*2, CR*2siR*2CR*2, SiR*2CR*2siR*2, CR*2CR*2SiR*2, CR*2CR*2CR*2, or GeR*2; and R* independently each occurrence is hydrogen, or a member selected from hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy, silyl, halogenated alkyl, halogenated aryl, and combinations thereof, said R* having up to 20 nonhydrogen atoms, and optionally, two R* groups from Z (when R* is not hydrogen), or an R* group from Z and an R* group from Y form a ring system;

where p is 2, q is zero, M is in the +4 formal oxidation state, and X is independently each occurrence methyl, benzyl, trimethylsilylmethyl, allyl, pyrollyl or S two X groups together are 1 ,4-butane-diyl, 2-butene- 1 ,4-diyl, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene-1,4-diyl, 2-methyl-2-butene-1,4-diyl, or xylyldiyl.

Also highly preferred are the metal complexes and the heteroatom-containing ligands thereof where -Z- is -Z*-Y-, with Z* bonded to Cp and Y bonded to M, and Y is -O-, -S-, -NR*-, -PR*-;

Z* is SiR*2, CR*2, SiR*2SiR*2, CR*2CR*2, CR*=CR*, CR*2SiR*2, CR*2SiR*2CR*2, SiR*2CR*2SiR*2, CR*2CR*2SiR*2, CR*2CR*2CR*2, or GeR*2; and R* independently each occurrence is hydrogen, or a member selected from hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy, silyl, halogenated alkyl, halogenated aryl, and 15 combinations thereof, said R* having up to 20 nonhydrogen atoms, and optionally, two R* groups from Z ~when R* is not hydrogen), or an R* group from Z and an R* group from Y form a ring system;

where p is 1, q is zero, M is in the +3 formal oxidation state, and X is 2-(N,N-dimethyl)aminobenzyl, 2-(N,N-dimethylaminomethyl)phenyl, allyl, methallyl, 20 trimethylsilylallyl.

Also highly preferred are the metal complexes and the heteroatom-containing ligands thereof where -Z- is -Z*-Y-, with Z* bonded to Cp and Y bonded to M, and Y is -O-, -S-, -NR*-, -PR*-;

WO 98106728 PC r/USs7/13171 Z~ is SiR*2, CR*2, SiR*2SiR*2, CR*2CR*2, CR*=CR*, CR~2SiR*2, CR*2siR*2CR*2, SiR*2CR*2siR*2, CR*2cR*2siR*2~ CR*2CR*2CR*2, or GeR*2; and R* independently each occurrence is hydrogen, or a member selected from 5 hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy, silyl, halogenated alkyl, halogenated aryl, and combinations thereof, said R* having up to 20 nonhydrogen atoms, and optionally, two R* groups from Z (when R* is not hydrogen), or an R* group from Z and an R* group from Y form a ring system;

when p is 0, q is 1, M is in the +2 formal oxidation state, and X' is 1,4-l 0 diphenyl- I ,3-butadiene, l ,3-pentadiene or 2,4-hexadiene.

A variety of metals can be used in the preparation of the metal complexes of this invention, desirably a metal from one of Groups 3 to 13 of the Periodic Table Or the Elements, the lanthanides or actinides, which is in the +2, +3 or +4 formal oxidation state, more desirably a metal from one of Groups 3 to 13. Metal complexes l 5 of this invention having somewhat different characteristics are those where M is a metal from one of Groups 3-6, one of Groups 7-9 or one of Groups 10-12. Preferred are those where M is a metal from Group 4, desirably Ti, Zr or Hf, with Ti and Zr being more preferred. Ti is the most highly preferred metal, especially for use in complexes which contain only one Cp-containing li,gand which is the heteratom-20 containing ligand of this invention, while Zr is highly preferred for use in complexes which contain two Cp-containing ligands, at least one of which is a heteratom-containing ligand.

In one embodiment it is preferred that Ti is in the +4 formal oxidation state, while, alternatively it is preferred that Ti is in the +3 formal oxidation state, and more 25 preferred is that Ti is in the +2 formal oxidation state.

In another embodiment it is preferred that Zr is in the +4 formal oxidation state, or, alternatively, in the +2 formal oxidation state.

In another aspect of this invention it is preferred that Y is -NR*, with the more preferred -NR* being those where R* is a group having a primary or secondary carbon atom bonded to N. Highly preferred are those where R* is cyclohexyl or isopropyl.

Illustrative derivatives of metals that may be employed in the practice of the present invention include:

2-N-~heteroatomlt-Butylamido-indenyl complexes (N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- 1-((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-1l~-2-( 1 -pyrrolidinyl)- l H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)- l, I -dimethyl- l -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-( l -piperidinyl)- l H-10 inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I ,1 -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-T~)-2-(hexahydro- I H-azepin- l -yl)- 1 H-inden- l -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl )- I, I -dimethyl- I -((1,2 ,3 ,3a,7a-1l )-2-(hexahydro- 1 (2H)-azocinyl)- l H-inden- l -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I ,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I, l -dimethyl- l -((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-~)-2-(octahydro- l H-azonin- I -yl)dimethyltitanium (N-( l, l -Dimethylethyl)- l, I -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(octahydro- l (2H)-azecinyl)- I H-inden- l -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( l ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(Dimethylamino)- l H-inden- l -yl)(N-( 1,1 -dimethylethyl)- l, l -20 dimethyl- I -(silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( l ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(Diethylamino)- I H-inden- l -yl)(N-( l, I -dimethylethyl)- l, I -dimethyl- l -(silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I ,2,3 ,3a,7a-~)-2-(Dipropylamino)- I H-inden- l -yl)(N-( I, l -dimethylethyl )- I, I -dimethyl- I -(silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium WO 98/06728 PCT/USg7l13171 ( 1 ,2,3,3a.7a~ 2-(Dibutylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)(N-( I, I -dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- 1 -(silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, l -Dimethylethyl)- l, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(ethylmethylamino)-I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1, 1 -Dimethylethy] )- I, I -dimethyl - I -((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-1~)-2-(methylphenylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-(methyl(phenylmethyl)amino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1,1 -Dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-2-(( 1, I -l O dimethylethyl)methylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, l -Dimethylethyl)- l, l -dimethyl- I -(( l ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(methyl( l -methylethyl)amino)- l H-inden- l -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, ] -dimethyl- l -(( l ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(diphenylphosphino)- l H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( l, l -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- l -(( l ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(dimethylphosphino)- I H-inden- l -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1,1 -Dimethylethyl)- l, l -dimethyl- I -(( l ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(methylphenylphosphino)- lH-inden-l -yl)silanamin~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, l -Dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- l -(( l ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(diethylphosphino)-20 l H-inden- l -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- 1, I -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-2-(bis( 1-methyJethyl)phosphino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1. I -Dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-methoxy- l H-inden-l -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium W 098/06728 PCT~US97/13171 (N-(l ,I-Dimethylethyl)-1, l-dimethyl-l-((I ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-2-ethoxy-lH-inden-1-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-propoxy- I H-inden-I -yl)sil~n~rnin~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium S (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-butoxy- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- 1-((1 .2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(( 1, I -dimethylethyl)oxy)- l H-inden- l -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-r~)-2-(trimethylsiloxy)-l O I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I ,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-((( 1, I -dimethylethyl)dimethylsily])oxy)- I H-inden- I -yl)sil;ln~min~lo(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- 1-(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-11)-2-( 1 -methylethoxy)-I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)- I ,1 -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-phenoxy- 1 H-inden-I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(phenylthio)- I H-inden- I -yl)sil~n~min~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- 1, I -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-(methylthio)- I H-20 inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium 3-methyl-2-N-~heteroatomlt-Butylamido-indenyl complexes (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-( 1-pyrrolidinyl)- IH-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium wo 98/06728 PCT/US97/13171 (N-( I, l -Dimethylethyl)~ dimethyl- I -(( l ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methy]-2-( 1-piperidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)sil:~n~min;l~o(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-(hexahydro- I H-azepin- I -yl)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, l -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(hexahydro- I (2H)-azocinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(octahydro- I H-azonin- I -yl )dimethyltitanium (N-( I ,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-10 (octahydro- I (2H)-azecinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-T~)-3-methyl-2-(dimethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( l, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(diethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silan~mi n:~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I ,1 -dimethyl- l -((1,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(dipropylamino)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- l, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(dibutylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I ,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1~)-3-methyl-2-20 (ethylmethylamino)- I H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I ,1 -Dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(methyl(phenylmethyl)amino)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ~ -17-W O 98/06728 PCT~US97/13171 (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- 1-(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(( 1,1-dimethylethyl)methylamino)-lH-inden- I -yl)sil~nan~in:~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(methyl( 1-methylethyl)amino)- IH-inden- 1 -yl)sil~nArnin~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium S (N-( 1,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I ,1 -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-3-methyl-2-(diphenylphosphino)- ] H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I ,1 -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-T~)-3-methyl-2-(dimethylphosphino)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)- I ,1 -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-10 (methylphenylphosphino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-Tl)-3-methyl-2-(diethylphosphino)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~ )-3-methyl-2-(bis( 1-methylethyl)phosphino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- 1-(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-methoxy-I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- 1, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-ethoxy-I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-propoxy-20 lH-inden-l-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I ,1 -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-T~)-3-methyl-2-butoxy-I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(( 1, I -dimethylethyl )oxy)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium W O 98/06728 PCTrUS97/13171 (N-( 1,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I ,1 -dimethyl- 1-(( I ,2,3,3a,7a~ 3-methyl-2-(trimethylsiloxy)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I ,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -((1,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-((( 1, I -dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl)oxy)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- 1, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-Tl)-3-methyl-2-( 1-methylethoxy)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1,1 -Dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-phenoxy-I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I ,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I ,1 -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-10 (phenylthio)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I ,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I ,1 -dimethyl- 1-(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-(methylthio)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium 2-N-heteroatom~amidol-indenyl complexes In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a 15 similar range of compounds are those where the N-( I, I -dimethylethyl) group is replaced by N-cyclohexyl as demonstrated by the following compounds.

(N-Cyclohexyl- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(1 -pyrrolidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)silan~min~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Cyclohexyl- I ,1 -dimethyl- 1-((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-rl)-2-( 1 -piperidinyl)- I H-inden- I -20 yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1~)-2-(Dimethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)(N-cyclohexyl- 1,1 -dimethyl-I -(silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(Diethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)(N-cyclohexyl- I, I -dimethyl-I -(silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Cyclohexyl- I, I -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(ethylmethylamino)- l H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Cyclohexyl- l, I -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Cyclohexyl- 1, I -dimethyl- 1-((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-~)-2-methoxy- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Cyclohexyl- 1,1 -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-(( 1,1 -dimethylethyl)oxy)- I H-inden-I-yl)silan:~min~t- (2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Cyclohexyl- I, l -dimethyl- l -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(trimethylsiloxy)- l H-inden-l-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Cyclohexyl- I, I -dimethyl-l -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-3-methyl-2-(dimethylamino)-1 H-inden- 1 -yl)silan~min:lto(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the N-(l,l-dimethylethyl) group is replaced by N-methyl as demonstrated by the following compounds.

(N-methyl- 1,1 -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-( 1 -pyrrolidinyl)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-methyl- l, I -dimethyl- 1-((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-~)-2-( 1 -piperidinyl)- 1 H-inden- l -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(dimethylamino)- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)(N-methyl- I, I -dimethyl- I -(silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (l ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(Diethylamino)-lH-inden-l-yl)(N-methyl-1,1-dimethyl-l-(silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium W 098/06728 PCTrUS97/13171 (N-Methyl- 1,1 -dimethyl- 1-((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-rl)-3-methyl-2-(ethylmethylamino)-1 H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Methyl- I ,1 -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)-I H-inden- 1 -yl)sil:~n~min~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Methyl- 1, I -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-methoxy- 1 H-inden- I -yl)sil~n~min.,to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Methyl-l,l-dimethyl-1-((1,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-((l ,I-dimethylethyl)oxy)-lH-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Methyl- I ,1 -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-11)-2-(trimethylsiloxy)- I H-inden- I -10 yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Methyl- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(dimethylamino)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the N-( 1, I -dimethylethyl) group is15 replaced by N-ethyl as demonstrated by the following compounds.

- (N-Ethyl- 1,1 -dimethyl- ] -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-( 1 -pyrrolidinyl)- I H-inden- 1-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Ethyl- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-( 1 -piperidiny])- 1 H-inden- 1-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-(Dimethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)(N-ethyl- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -(silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(Diethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl~(N-ethyl- I ,1 -dimethyl- 1-(silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium W 098/06728 PCT~US97/13171 (N-Ethyl- I, I -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(ethylmethylamino)- I H-inden- 1 -yl)sil~n~min~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Ethyl- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)-lH-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium S (N-Ethyl- 1, I -dimethyl- 1-((1,2 ,3 ,3a,7a-~ )-2-methoxy- 1 H-inden- I -yl )silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Ethyl- I ,1 -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-11)-2-(( 1,1 -dimethylethyl)oxy)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Ethyl- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(trimethylsiloxy)- I H-inden- I -I 0 yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Ethyl- I, I -dimethyl- 1-((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(dimethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)sil~n~min~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the N-(l,l-dimethylethyl) group is 15 replaced by N-phenyl as demonstrated by the following compounds.

( I, I -Dimethyl-N-phenyl- 1-(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-( 1 -pyrrolidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( 1,1 -Dimethyl-N-phenyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-( 1 -piperidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-Tl)-2-(Dimethylamino)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)( 1,1 -dimethyl-N-phenyl- 1-(silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-(Diethylamino)-1 H-inden- I -yl)( 1, I -dimethy]-N-phenyl- I -{sil~narnin~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium Wo 98/06728 PCT/US97/13171 ( I, I -Dimethyl-N-phenyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-(ethylmethylamino)-l H-inden- l -yl)silanaminato~2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( l, l -Dimethyl-N-phenyl- l -(( l ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)-l H-inden- l -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( l, l -Dimethyl-N-phenyl- l -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-methoxy- l H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( l, l -Dimethyl-N-phenyl- l -(( l ,2,3 ,3a,7a-~)-2-(( l, l -dimethylethyl)oxy)- I H-inden- l -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (I,l-Dimethyl-N-phenyl-1-((1,2,3,3a,7a-T~)-2-(trimethylsiloxy)-lH-inden-l -l 0 yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I, I -Dimethyl-N-phenyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(dimethylamino~- IH-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the N-( l, I -dimethylethyl) group is15 replaced by N-phenylmethyl as demonstrated by the following compounds.

( I, I -Dimethyl-N-(phenylmethyl)- l -(( l ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-( l -pyrrolidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( 1,1 -Dimethyl-N-(phenylmethyl)- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-11)-2-( 1 -piperidinyl)- I E~-inden- l -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-(Dimethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)( I, I -dimethyl-N-(phenylmethyl)- I -(silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( 1 ,2,3,3a.7a-1l)-2-(Diethylamino)- l H-inden- ] -yl)( 1,1 -dimethyl-N-(phenylmethyl)- l-(silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium wo 98/06728 PCT/US97/13171 ( I, I -Dimethyl-N-(phenylmethyl)- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-(ethylmethylamino)- I H-inden- l -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( 1,1 -Dimethyl-N-(phenylmethyl)- l -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium S ( I ,1 -Dimethyl-N-(phenylmethyl)- I -(( l ,2,3 ,3a,7a-1l)-2-methoxy- I H-inden- 1-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( l, I -Dimethyl-N-(phenylmethyl)- l -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(( 1, I -dimethylethyl)oxy)-lH-inden-l -yl)siT~n~Tninato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( 1,1 -Dimethyl-N-(phenylmethyl)- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-(trimethylsiloxy)- I H-10 inden-1-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I, I -Dimethyl-N-(phenylmethyl)-l -(( l ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(dimethylamino)- l H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the N-(l,l-dimethylethyl) ~roup is 15 replaced by N-cyclododecyl as demonstrated by the following compounds.

(N-Cyclododecyl-l,l-dimethyl-l-((l ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-lH-inden-I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Cyclododecyl- I, I -dimethyl- I -((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-1l)-2-( 1 -piperidinyl)- I H-inden-I -yi)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Cyclododecyl- I ,1 -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-(dimethylamino)- 1 H-inden- l -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Cyclododecyl- I, I -dimethyl- I -( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-(Diethylamino)- I H-inden-l -yl)-(silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Cyclododecyl- I ,1 -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-3-methyl-2-(ethylmethylamino)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Cyclododecyl- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)-lH-inden-1 -yl)silan~nnin~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-cyclododecyl- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3 ,3a,7a-1l)-2-methoxy- I H-inden- 1-yl)silan~min~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-cyclododecyl- I ,1 -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(( 1, I -dimethylethyl)oxy)-1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-cyclododecyl-l,l-dimethyl-1-((1,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(trimethylsiloxy)-lH-inden-l 0 1 -yl~silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-cyclododecyl- I, I -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-(dimethylamino)-1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the N-( I, I -dimethylethyl) group isl 5 replaced by N-methylethyl as demonstrated by the following compounds.

( 1, I -Dimethyl-N-(methylethyl)- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-( 1 -pyrrolidinyl)- l H-inden-I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( 1, I -Dimethyl-N-(methylethyl)- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-r~)-2-( 1 -piperidinyl)- I H-inden-I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( 1,2,3 ,3a,7a-Tl)-2-(Dimethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)( I, I -dimethyl-N-(methylethyl)- I -(si]~n~min:~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(Diethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)( I, I -dimethyl-N-(methylethyl)- 1 -(silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( 1,1 -Dimethyl-N-(methylethyl)- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(ethylmethylamino)- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I ,1 -Dimethyl-N-(methylethyl)- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium S ( 1, I -Dimethyl-N-(methylethyl)- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-methoxy- 1 H-inden- 1-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( 1,1 -Dimethyl-N-(methylethyl)- 1-(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-Tl)-2-(( 1,1 -dimethylethyl)oxy)-1 H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( 1,1 -Dimethyl-N-(methylethyl)- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(trimethylsiloxy)- I H-10 inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( 1, I -Dimethyl-N-(methylethyl)- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(dimethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)sil:~namin~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium 2-N-rheteroatomlramidelTiX~-indenyl complexes In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a 15 similar range of compounds are those where the two methyls bound to the titanium are replaced by chlorides as demonstrated by the following compounds.

Dichloro(N-( I ,1 -dimethylethyl)- I ,1 -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-2-( 1-pyrrolidinyl)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)sil~namin:lto(2-)-N)titanium Dichloro(N-cyclohexyl-1,1-dimethyl-1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1~)-2-(l-piperidinyl)-lH-20 inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium Dichloro(N-methyl- I ,1 -dimethyl- 1-(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-(dimethylamino)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium Dichloro(N-methyl- I, I -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-(diethylamino)- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium Dichloro(N-ethyl- I, I -dimethyl- I -((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-rl )-3-methyl-2-(ethylmethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium Dichloro( I, I -Dimethyl-N-phenyl- I -((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)- l H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium S Dichloro( I, I -Dimethyl-N-(phenylmethyl)- 1-((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-rl)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium Dichloro(N-cyclododecyl- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium Dichloro(N-methyl- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(dimethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium Dichloro(N-( I, I -dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-methoxy-1 ~-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium Dichloro(N-( I, I -dimethylethyl)- 1, ] -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-((( 1, I -dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl)oxy)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the two methyls bound to the titanium are replaced by phenylmethyl as demonstrated by the following compounds.

(N-(l ,I-Dimethylethyl)-l,l-dimethyl-1-((1,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-lH-inden- l -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)bis(phenylmethyl)titanium (N-Cyclohexyl- I, I -dimethyl- l -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~?-2-( 1 -piperidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)bis(phenylmethyl)titanium ( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(Dimethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)(N-methyl- I, I -dimethyl- I -(silanaminato(2-)-N)bis(phenylmethyl)titanium W 098/06728 PCTrUS97113171 ( I ,2,3,3a.7a-r~)-2-(Diethylamino)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)(N-methyl- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -(silanaminato(2-)-N)bis(phenylmethyl)titanium (N-ethyl- I ,1 -Dimethyl- I -((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(ethylmethy}amino)- 1 H-inden- I-yl)sil~n~min~to(2-)-N)bis(phenylmethyl)titanium ( 1, I -Dimethyl-N-phenyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)-I H-inden- I -yl)sil~namin~to(2-)-N)bis(phenylmethyl)titanium ( 1,1 -Dimethyl-N-(phenylmethyl)- I -((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)-lH-inden-l -yl)sil:-n~min~to(2-)-N)bis(phenylmethyl)titanium (N-Cyclododecyl- I ,1 -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)- I H-inden- 1 -yl)sil~n~min~to(2-)-N)bis(phenylmethyl)titanium ( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-(dimethylamino)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)(N-methyl- I, I -dimethyl- I -(silanaminato(2-)-N)bis(phenylmethyl)titanium (N-( 1,1 -Dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-methoxy- I H-inden-I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)bis(phenylmethyl)titanium (N-( 1,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-((( 1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl)oxy)- 1 E~-inden- 1 -yl)sil~n~min:~o(2-)-N)bis(phenylmethyl)titanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the two methyls bound to the titanium are replaced by (trimethylsilyl)methyl as demonstrated by the following compounds.

(N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-2-( 1 -pyrrolidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)bis((trimethylsilyl)methyl)titanium (N-Cyclohexyl- 1, I -dimethyl- 1-(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-Tl)-2-( 1 -piperidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)bis((trimethylsilyl)methyl)titanium ( 1,2,3 ,3a,7a~ 2-(Dimethylamino)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)(N-methyl- I, I -dimethyl- I -(silanaminato(2-)-N)bis((trimethylsilyl)methyl)titanium ( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-tl)-2-(Diethylamino)- I H-inden- 1 -yl)(N-methyl- I, I -dimethyl- I -(silanaminato(2-)-N)bis((trimethylsilyl)methyl)titanium S (N-Ethyl- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ~2,3,3a,7a-7~)-3-methyl-2-(ethylmethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)bis((trimethylsilyl)methyl)titanium ( I, I -Dimethyl-N-phenyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)-I H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)bis((trimethylsilyl)methyl)titanium ( I, I -Dimethyl-N-(phenylmethyl)- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)bis((trimethylsilyl)methyl)titanium (N-Cyclododecyl- I ,1 -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-Tl)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)bis((trimethylsilyl)methyl)titanium ( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~ )-2-(Dimethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)(N-methyl- I, I -dimethyl- I -(silan~rnin~to(2-)-N)bis((trimethylsilyl)methyl)titanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- 1, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-methoxy- IH-inden-1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)bis((trimethylsilyl)methyl)titanium (N-( I ,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-2-((( 1, I -20 dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl)oxy)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)bis((trimethylsilyl)methyl)titanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the two methyls bound to the titanium are replaced by 2,2-dimethylpropyl as demonstrated by the following compounds.

Wo 98l06728 PCTIUS97/13171 (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- 1~1 -dimethyl- 1-(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-( 1 -pyrrolidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)bis(2,2-dimethylpropyl)titanium (N-Cyclohexyl- 1, I -dimethyl- 1-(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-( 1 -piperidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)bis(2,2-dimethy}propyl )titanium (1,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(Dimethylamino)-lH-inden-l-y])(N-methyl-l,l-dimethyl-1-(silanaminato(2-)-N)bis(2,2-dimethylpropyl)titanium ( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-T~)-2-(Diethy}amino)- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)(N-methyl- I ,1 -dimethyl- I -(silanaminato(2-)-N)bis(2,2-dimethylpropyl)titanium (N-ethyl- 1,1 -Dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-3-methyl-2-(ethylmethylamino)- I H-10 inden-1-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)bis(2,2-dimethylpropyl)titanium ( I, I -Dimethyl-N-phenyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)-I H-inden- I -yl)sil~n~minato(2-)-N)bis(2,2-dimethylpropyl)titanium ( I, I -Dimethyl-N-(phenylmethyl)- 1-(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)si]anaminato(2-)-N)bis(2,2-1 5 dimethylpropyl)titanium (N-Cyclododecyl- I, I -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-Tl)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)bis(2,2-dimethylpropyl)titanium (N-Methyl- I, I -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-2-(dimethylamino)- 1 H-inden- 1-20 yl)sil:~n~min~to(2-)-N)bis(2,2-dimethylpropyl)titanium (N-(l,l-Dimethylethyl)-l ,I-dimethyl-1-((1,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-2-methoxy-lH-inden-I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)bis(2,2-dimethylpropyl)titanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- 1-((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-T~)-2-((( 1, I -dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl)oxy)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)bis(2,2-25 dimethylpropyl)titanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the two methyls bound to the titanium are replaced by a single 2-(~dimethylamino)methyl)phenyl as demonstrated by the following compounds.

(2-((Dimethylamino)methyl)phenyl)(N-( I ,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl-l -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-( 1 -pyrrolidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium (N-Cyclohexyl- I, I -dimethyl(2-((dimethylamino)methyl)phenyl)- 1-(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-r~)-2-( 1 -piperidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium (2-((Dimethylamino)methyl)phenyl)(N-methyl- I, l -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(dimethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium (2-((Dimethylamino)methyl)phenyl)(N-ethyl- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-3-methyl-2-(ethylmethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium (2-((Dimethylamino)methyl)phenyl)( I ,1 -dimethyl-N-phenyl- I -(( ] ,2,3,3a,7a-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)- I H-inden- l -yl)si]anaminato(2-)-N)titanium l 5 (2-((Dimethylamino)methyl)phenyl)( 1, I -dimethyl-N-(phenylmethyl)- I -(( 1 ,2,3,3a~7a-rl)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium ~N-Cyclododecyl-l ,I-dimethyl(2-((dimethylamino)methyl)phenyl)-l -(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)sil~n~minato(2-)-N)titanium (2-((Dimethylamino)methyl)phenyl)(N-methyl- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(dimethy]amino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium (2-((Dimethylamino)methyl)phenyl)(N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-2-methoxy- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium W 098106728 PCT~US97113171 (2-((Dimethylamino)methyl)phenyl)(N-( I ,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- 1-(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-((( 1,1 -dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl)oxy)- 1 H-inden- ] -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a 5 similar range of compounds are those where the two methyls bound to the titanium are replaced by a single 2-((dimethylamino)phenyl)methyl as demonstrated by the following compounds.

(2-((Dimethylamino)phenyl)methyl)(N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- 1-(( 1,2,3 ,3a,7a-1l)-2-( 1 -pyrrolidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)sil~n~min~to(2-)-N)titanium (N-Cyclohexyl- 1,1 -dimethyl(2-((dimethylamino)phenyl)methyl)- 1-(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-2-( 1 -piperidinyl)- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium (2-((Dimethylamino)phenyl)methyl)(N-methyl- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-2-(dimethylamino)- lH-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium (2-~(Dimethylamino)phenyl)methyl)(N-ethyl-l,l-dimethyl-1-((1,2,3,3a,7a-~)-15 3-methyl-2-(ethylmethylamino)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium (2-((Dimethylamino)phenyl)methyl)( 1,1 -dimethyl-N-phenyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)- I E~-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium (2-((Dimethylamino)phenyl)methyl)( 1,1 -dimethyl-N-(phenylmethyl)- 1-(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)silan~rninato(2-)-20 N)titanium (N-Cyclododecyl- 1,1 -dimethyl(2-((dimethylamino)phenyl)methyl)- 1-(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)- IH-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium (2-((Dimethylamino)phenyl)methyl)(N-methyl- I, I -dimethyl- I -((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-25 2-(dimethylamino)-lH-inden-l-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium (2-((Dimethylamino)phenyl)methyl)(N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-methoxy- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium (2-((Dimethylamino)phenyl)methyl)(N-( 1,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- 1-~(1,2,3 ,3a,7a-rl)-2-((( 1,1 -dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl)oxy)- 1 H-inden- 1-5 yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the two methyls bound to the titanium are replaced by 7~-bound 1,4 diphenyl- 1 ,3-butadiene as demonstrated by the following compounds.

( I ,1 ' -(rl4- 1 ,3-butadiene- 1 ,4-diyl)bis(benzene))(N-( 1,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl-1-((1,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-lH-inden-l-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium '-(114-1 ,3-butadiene- 1 ,4-diyl)bis(benzene))(N-Cyclohexyl- 1,1 -dimethyl- 1-(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-( 1 -piperidinyl)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium ( 1, 1'-(114-1 ,3-butadiene- 1 ,4-diyl)bis(benzene))(N-Methyl- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(dimethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium '-(114-1 ,3-butadiene- 1 ,4-diyl)bis(benzene))(N-Methyl- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-2-(diethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium ( I ,1 '-(ll4- l ,3-butadiene- 1 ,4-diyl)bis(benzene))(N-ethyl- I, I -Dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-3-methyl-2-(ethylmethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium ( I, I ' -(~4-1 ,3-butadiene- 1 ,4-diyl)bis(benzene))( 1, I -Dimethyl-N-phenyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)sil~n~min~to(2-)-N)titanium ~ --33--WO 98l06728 PCT/US97113171 ( 1,1'-(~4- l ,3-butadiene- 1 ,4-diyl)bis(benzene))( 1, I -Dimethyl-N-(phenylmethyl)- 1-(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)- I H-inden- 1-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium '-(114-1 ,3-butadiene- 1 ,4-diyl)bis(benzene))(N-Cyclododecyl- I, I -dimethyl-1-((1,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)-lH-inden-l-yl)silan~rnin:~to(2-)-N)titanium (I,I'-(114-1 ,3-butadiene- 1 ,4-diyl)bis(benzene))(N-Methyl- 1, I -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(dimethylamino)-lH-inden-l-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium (],1'-(114-1 ,3-butadiene- 1 ,4-diyl)bis(benzene))(N-( I ,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I ,1-dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-methoxy- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium (1,1'-(~4-1 ,3-butadiene- 1 ,4-diyl)bis(benzene))(N-( I ,1 -Dimethylethyl)- 1, I -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-((( 1, I -dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl)oxy)- I H-inden- 1-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)titanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the two methyls bound to the titanium are replaced by a ~-bound 1,3-pentadiene as demonstrated by the following compounds.
(N-Cyclohexyl- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-~)-2-( 1 -piperidiny])- I H-inden- 1-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1,2,3,4-~)-1 ,3-pentadiene)titanium (N-ethyl- 1, I -Dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-3-methyl-2-(ethylmethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( I ,2,3,4-T~)- 1 ,3-pentadiene)titanium ( 1,1 -Dimethyl-N-phenyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)-I H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1,2,3,4-~)-1 ,3-1~entadiene)titanium ( 1,1 -Dimethyl-N-(phenylmethyl)- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-~-N)(( 1,2,3 ,4-~)-1,3-25 pentadiene)titanium W O 98/~6728 PCTnJS97/13171 (N-Cyclododecyl- I ,1 -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)~( 1,2,3 ,4-~)-1,3-pentadiene)titanium (N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)- I ,1 -dimethyl- 1-(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-r~)-2-( ] -pyrrolidinyl)- 1 H-~ 5 inden-1-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)((1,2,3,4-~)-1,3-pentadiene)titanium (N-( 1,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I ,1 -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-( 1 -piperidinyl)- I H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1,2,3,4-~)-1 ,3-pentadiene)titanium (N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(hexahydro- 1 H-azepin- I -yl)- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1,2,3 ,4-~)-1 ,3-pentadiene)titanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~ 2-(hexahydro- 1 (2H)-azocinyl)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1 ,2,3,4-rl)- 1 ,3-pentadiene)titanium (N-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-1,1-dimethyl-1-((1,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(octahydro-lH-azonin- 1 -yl)(( 1,2,3,4-~)-1 ,3-pentadiene)titanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-(octahydro- 1 (2H)-azecinyl)- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1,2,3,4-~)-1 ,3-pentadiene)titanium ( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-Tl)-2-(Dimethylamino)- IH-inden- 1 -yl)(N-( 1,1 -dimethylethyl)- I ,1-dimethyl-1-(sil~n~rnin~to(2-)-N)((1,2,3,4-~)-1,3-pentadiene)titaniurn ( 1,2,3 ,3a,7a-~)-2-(Diethylamino)- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)(N-( 1,1 -dimethylethyl)- 1, I -dimethyl- 1 -(silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1,2,3 ,4-rl)- 1 ,3-pentadiene)titanium ( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(Dipropylamino)- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)(N-( 1,1 -dimethylethyl)- 1,1-dimethy]- I -(silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1,2,3,4-1~)- l ,3-pentadiene)titanium (1,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(Dibutylamino)-lH-inden-l-yl)(N-(l ,I-dimethylethyl)-l ,1-dimethyl- 1 -(silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1 ,2,3,4-Tl)- I ,3-pentadiene)titanium W O 98/06728 PCT~USg7/13171 (N-( 1, I -Dimethy]ethyl)- 1, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(ethylmethylamino)-I H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1 ,2,3,4-1l)- l ,3-pentadiene)titanium (N-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-1,1-dimethyl-]-((1,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(methylphenylamino)-lH-inden-l-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)((1 ,2,3,4-~)-1,3-S pentadiene)titanium (N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- 1-((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-r~)-2-(methyl(phenylmethyl)amino)-lH-inden-l-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)((1,2,3,4-~)-1 ,3-pentadiene)titanium (N-( 1,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I ,1 -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(( 1, I -dimethylethyl)methylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1,2,3,4-~)-1,3-pentadiene)titanium (N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)- I ? 1 -dimethyl- 1-((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-~)-2-(methyl( 1-methylethyl)amino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1,2,3,4-~)-1,3-pentadiene)titanium (N-( 1,1 -Dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- 1-(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(diphenylphosphino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1,2,3,4-~)-1,3-- pentadiene)titanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- 1-(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(dimethylphosphino)-lH-inden-l-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)((1 ,2,3,4-~)-1 ,3-pentadiene)titanium (N-( I ,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I ,1 -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-(methylphenylphosphino)- I H-inden- 1 -yl)sil~n~rnin~to(2-)-N)(( 1,2,3,4-~)-1,3-pentadiene)titanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(diethylphosphino)-I H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1 ,2,3,4-1l)- l ,3-pentadiene)titanium W 098/06728 PCTAUS97/13~71 (N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)~ dimethyl- I -((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-Tl~-2-(bis( ] -methylethyl)phosphino)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1 ,2,3,4-1l)- 1,3-pentadiene)titanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- 1, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-Tl)-2-methoxy- I H-inden-- 5 1-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)((1,2,3,4-1l)-1,3-pentadiene)titanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-ethoxy- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1,2,3,4-~)-1 ,3-pentadiene)titanium ~ N-( 1,1 -Dimethylethyl)- 1, I -dimethyl- 1-(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-Tl)-2-propoxy- IH-inden-I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1,2,3,4-~)-1 ,3-pentadiene)titanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I ,1 -dimethyl- I -((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-Tl)-2-butoxy- I H-inden- 1-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1,2,3 ,4-1~ )-1 ,3-pentadiene)titanium (N-(l ,I-Dimethylethyl)-1, I-dimethyl-l -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-((1,1-dimethylethyl)oxy)- 1 H-inden- ] -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1,2,3 ,4-1l)- ] ,3-pentadiene)titanium (N-( I ,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I ,1 -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-(trimethylsiloxy)-I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1,2,3,4-~)-1 ,3-pentadiene)titanium (N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-((( 1, I -dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl)oxy)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1 ,2,3,4-1l)- 1,3-pentadiene)titanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- 1, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-( 1 -methylethoxy)-1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1,2,3 ,4-~)-1 ,3-pentadiene)titanium (N-( 1,1 -DimethyJethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-phenoxy- I H-inden-1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1,2,3,4-~)-1 ,3-pentadiene)titanium W 0 98106728 PCTrUS97/13171 (N-( 1,1 -Dimethylethyl~- 1,1 -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-(phenylthio)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1 ,2,3,4-rl)- 1 ,3-pentadiene)titanium (N-( I, l -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- 1-((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-~)-2-(methylthio)- I H-inden- 1 -yl)silAn~min~to(2-)-N)(( 1,2,3,4-~-1 ,3-pentadiene)titanium S In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the two methyls bound to the titanium are replaced by a 7~-bound 2,4-hexadiene as demonstrated by the following compounds.
(N-( 1,1 -Dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-r~)-2-( 1 -pyrrolidinyl)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1 ,2,3,4-~)-2,4-hexadiene)titanium (N-Cyclohexyl- I, I -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-( 1 -piperidinyl)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1 ,2,3,4-1l)-2,4-hexadiene)titanium ( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(Dimethylamino)- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)(N-methyl- 1,1 -dimethyl- 1-(sil~n~minato(2-)-N)(( 1 ,2,3,4-~)-2,4-hexadiene)titanium ( 1,2,3 ,3a,7a-~)-2-(Diethylamino)- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)(N-methyl- 1, I -dimethyl- 1-1~ (sil~n~minato(2-)-N)(( 1 ,2,3,4-~)-2,4-hexadiene)titanium (N-ethyl-l,l-Dimethyl-1-((1,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(ethylmethylamino)-lH-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( I ,2,3,4-1l)-2,4-hexadiene)titanium ( 1,1 -Dimethyl-N-phenyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)-1 H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( l ,2,3,4-~)-2,4-hexadiene)titanium ( 1,1 -Dimethyl-N-(phenylmethyl)- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-r~)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( I ,2,3,4-rl)-2,4-hexadiene)titanium (N-Cyclododecyl- 1, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(methylphenylamino)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1,2,3 ,4-1~)-2,4-hexadiene)titanium ( 1,2,3 ,3a,7a-~)-2-(Dimethylamino)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)(N-methyl- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -~ 5 (silanaminato(2-)-N)((1,2,3,4-1l)-2,4-hexadiene)titanium (N-( 1,1 -Dimethylethyl)- 1, I -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-methoxy- 1 H-inden-I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)(( 1 ,2,3,4-~)-2,4-hexadiene)titanium (N-( 1,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-11)-2-((( 1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl)oxy)- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)(( 1,2,3 ,4-~)-2,4-1 0 hexadiene)titanium 2-Nrheteroatoml-amido-~brid~el-indenyl complexes In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the dimethylsilyl bridging group is replaced by a diphenylsilyl bridging group as demonstrated by the following 1 5 compounds.

(N-(l,l-dimethylethyl)-l,l-diphenyl-1-((1,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-lH-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1,1 -dimethy]ethyl)- 1 ,1 -diphenyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-( 1 -piperidinyl)- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I ,1 -dimethylethyl)- I ,1 -diphenyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-Tl)-2-(dimethylamino)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1, I -dimethylethyl)- I, I -diphenyl- 1-(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-methoxy-I H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1,1 -dimethylethyl)- I, I -diphenyl- 1-((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-r~)-3-methyl-2-25 (trimethylsiloxy)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium W O 98106728 PCTrUS97/13171 In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the dimethylsilyl bridging group is replaced by a diisopropoxysilyl bridging group as demonstrated by the following compounds.

(N-Butyl- 1, I -bis( 1 -methylethoxy))- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-( 1 -pyrrolidinyl)- I H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Butyl- I ,1 -bis( I -methylethoxy))- 1-(~ I ,2,3,3a,7a-11)-2-( 1 -piperidinyl)-l H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Butyl- I ,1 -bis( 1 -methylethoxy))- I -((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-~)-2-(dimethy]amino)- I H-10 inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Butyl- I ,1 -bis( 1 -methylethoxy))- 1-(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-methoxy- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)sil~n~minato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Butyl- 1, I -bis( I -methylethoxy))-l -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(trimethylsiloxy)- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)sil~n~min~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the dimethylsilyl bridging group is replaced by a dimethoxysilyl bridging group as demonstrated by the following compounds.

(N-Cyclohexyl- 1,1 -dimethoxy)- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-2-( 1 -pyrrolidinyl)- 1 H-inden-20 1-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Cyclohexyl- 1, I -dimethoxy)- I -((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-1~)-2-( 1 -piperidinyl)- I E~-inden-1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(Dimethylamino)-lH-inden-l-yl)(N-cyclohexyl-1,1-dimethoxy)- I -(silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium W O 98/06728 PCT~USg7/13171 (N-Cyclohexyl- I, I -dimethoxy)- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-3-methyl-2-methoxy- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Cyclohexyl- I, I -dimethoxy)- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(trimethylsiloxy)- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl comp3exes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the dimethylsilyl bridging group is replaced by a ethoxymethylsilyl bridging group as demonstrated by the following compounds.

(N-Cyclohexyl- I -ethoxy- I -methyl)- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-( 1 -pyrrolidinyl)- I H-inden-1-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Cyclohexyl-l-ethoxy-l-methyl)-1-((1,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(1-piperidinyl)-lH-inden- I -yl)silan~min~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-(dimethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)(N-cyclohexyl- I -ethoxy- I -methyl)- I -(silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Cyclohexyl- I -ethoxy- I -methyl)- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-methoxy-lH-inden-l -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-Cyclohexyl- I -ethoxy- I -methyl)- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-3-methyl-2-(trimethylsiloxy)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a 20 similar range of compounds are those where the dimethylsilyl bridging group is replaced by a methylphenylsilyl bridging group as demonstrated by the following compounds.

(N-( I ,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I -methyl- I -phenyl- I (( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-( 1-pyrrolidinyl)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)sil~n~nnin~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I ,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I -methyl- I -phenyl- l -((l ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-( 1-piperidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( 1,2,3 ,3a,7a-~)-2-(Dimethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)(N-( I, I -dimethylethyl)- I -methyl- I -phenyl-1 -(sil~n~min~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-l-methyl-l-phenyl-1-((1,2~3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-methoxy- I H-inden- 1 -yl)silan~min~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I -methyl- 1 -phenyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(trimethylsiloxy)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a 10 similar range of compounds are those where the dimethylsilyl bridging group is replaced by an ethyl bridging group as demonstrated by the following compounds.

(N-( I ,1 -Dimethylethyl)-2-(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-2-( l -pyrrolidinyl)- l H-inden- I -yl)ethanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)-2-(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-( l -piperidinyl)- I H-inden- I -I S yl)eth~n~min~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( l ,2,3 ,3a,7a-~)-2-(Dimethylamino)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)(N-( I, I -dimethylethyl)-2-(ethanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)-2-(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~ 3-methyl-2-methoxy- l H-inden- I -yl)ethanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-2-((1,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(trimethylsiloxy)-lH-inden- I -yl)eth~n~min~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the dimethylsilyl bridging group is replaced by a tetramethylethyl bridging group as demonstrated by the following 25 compounds.

W 098/06728 PCTrUS97/13171 (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)-2-(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l~-2-( l -pyrrolidinyl)- I H-inden- 1-yl)tetramethylethanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)-2-(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-2-( 1 -piperidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)tetramethyleth~n~minato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-2-(Dimethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)(N-( I, I -dimethylethyl)-2-(tetramethylethanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)-2-(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-3-methyl-2-methoxy- I H-inden- I -yl)tetramethylethanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)-2-(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-(trimethylsiloxy)- IH-10 inden-1-yl)tetramethylethanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the dimethylsilyl bridging group is replaced by a propyl bridging group as demonstrated by the following compounds.

(N-(l,l-Dimethylethyl)-3-((1,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-lH-inden-l-1 5 yl)propanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, l -Dimethylethyl)-3-(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-( 1 -piperidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)propanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( 1,2,3 ,3a,7a-~)-2-(Dimethylamino)- l H-inden- l -yl)(N-( 1, l -dimethylethyl)-3-(propan~min~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)-3-(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-methoxy- I H-inden- I -yl)propanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)-3-(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1~)-3-methyl-2-(trimethylsiloxy)- I H-inden- l -yl)propanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium W O 98106728 PCT~US97/13171 In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the dimethylsilyl bridging group is replaced by a methyl bridging group as demonstrated by the fol]owing compounds.

(N-( 1 ,1 -dimethylethyl)-3-(( 1,2,3 ,3a,7a-~)-2-( 1 -pyrrolidinyl)- I H-inden- I -S yl)methanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1, I -dimethylethyl)-3-(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-( 1 -piperidinyl)- I H-inden- ] -yl)meth:~n~minato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (1,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(dimethylamino)-lH-inden-l-yl)(N-(l,l-dimethylethyl)-3-(methanaminato(2-) -N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1, I -dimethylethyl)-3-(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-7~)-3-methyl-2-methoxy- I H-inden- I -yl)methan~min~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1 ,1 -dimethylethyl)-3-(( 1,2,3 ,3a,7a-rl)-3-methyl-2-(trimethylsiloxy)- I H-inden- I -yl)meth~n~min~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indeny] complexes are named, a 15 similar range of compounds are those where the dimethylsilyl bridging group is replaced by a dimethylmethyl bridging group as demonstrated by the following compounds.

(N-( 1,1 -dimethylethyl)-3-(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-2-( 1 -pyrrolidinyl)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)dimethylmeth~n~min~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -dimethylethyl)-3-(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-11)-2-( 1 -piperidinyl)- 1 H-inden- 1-yl)dimethylmeth~n~minato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1~)-2-(dimethylamino)- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)(N-( 1,1 -dimethylethyl)-3-(dimethylmethanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1,1 -dimethylethyl)-3-(( 1 ,2,3,3a~7a-~)-3-methyl-2-methoxy- I H-inden- 1-25 yl)dimethylmethanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium wo 98/06728 PCT/US9711317 (N-( I, I -dimethylethyl)-3-(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-r~)-3-methyl-2-(trimethylsiloxy)- I H-inden- I -yl)dimethylmethanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the dimethylsilyl bridging group is 5 replaced by a dimethylgermanyl bridging group as demonstrated by the following compounds.

(N-( I ,1 -dimethylethyl)- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-( 1 -pyrrolidinyl)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)dimethylgerminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I ,1 -dimethylethyl)- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-Tl)-2-( 1 -piperidinyl)- I H-inden- 1-10 yl)dimethylgerminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-2-(dimethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)(N-( I, I -dimethylethyl)dimethylgerminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -dimethylethyl)- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-methoxy- I H-inden- I -yl)dimethylgerminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -dimethylethyl)- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(trimethylsiloxy)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)dimethylgerrninato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the dimethylsilyl bridging group is replaced by a tetramethyldisilyl bridging group as demonstrated by the following20 compounds.

(N-( I, I -dimethylethyl)-2-(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-( 1 -pyrrolidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)tetramethyldisilanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -dimethylethyl)-2-(( 1,2,3 ,3a,7a-~ )-2-(1 -piperidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)tetramethyldisilanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium WO 98106728 PCTrUS97t1317 ( l ,2,3,3a,7a~ 2-(dimethylamino)- I H-inden- l -yl)(N-( 1, I -dimethylethyl)-2-(tetramethyldisilanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1,1 -dimethylethyl)-2-(( 1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-methoxy- 1 H-inden- I -yl)tetramethyldisilanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, l -dimethylethyl)-2-(( l ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-3-methyl-2-(trimethylsiloxy)- l H-inden- I -yl)tetramethyldisil~n~minato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the dimethylsilyl bridging group is replaced by a (dimethylsilyl)methyl bridging group as demonstrated by the following l 0 compounds.

(N-( 1, I -dimethylethyl)- 1-(((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-T~)-2-( 1 -pyrrolidinyl)- 1 H-inden- 1-yl)dimethysilyl)meth~n~min~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1, I -dimethylethyl)- 1-((( I ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-2-( 1 -piperidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)dimethysilyl)methanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I -(((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-(dimethylamino)- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)dimethysilyl)(N-( 1,1-dimethylethyl)methan~min~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -dimethylethyl)- I -((( I ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-3-methyl-2-methoxy- I H-inden- 1-yl)dimethysilyl)meth~n~min~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -dimethylethyl)- I -((( l ,2,3 ,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-(trimethylsiloxy)- 1 H-20 inden- l -yl)dimethysilyl)methanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the dimethylsilyl bridging group is replaced by a (methyl)dimethylsilyl bridging group as demonstrated by the following compounds.

W O 98106728 PCTrUS97113171 (N~ dimethylethyl)-l-(((I,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-(l-pyrrolidinyl)-lH-inden-l-yl)methyl)dimethylsilylaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1,1 -dimethylethyl)- I -((( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-( 1 -piperidinyl)- I H-inden- 1-yl)methyl)dimethylsilylaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (1-(((1,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(dimethylamino)-lH-inden-l-yl)methyl)(N-(l,l-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl~min~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -dimethylethyl)- 1-(((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-rl)-3-methyl-2-methoxy- I H-inden- 1-yl)methyl)dimethylsilylaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1, I -dimethylethyl)- I -((( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-3-methyl-2-(trimethylsiloxy)- 1 H-10 inden- I -yl)methyl)dimethylsilylaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium 2-N-heteroatom-amido-lindenyll complexes In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the 2-heteroatom-indenyl moeity is replaced by an alkyl or aryl substituted 2-heteroatom-indenyl group as demonstrated 15 by the following compounds.

(N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-S-ethyl-6-methyl-2-( 1-pyrrolidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I ,1 -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-5-ethyl-6-methyl-2-( 1-piperidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-5-Ethyl-6-methyl-2-(dimethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)(N-( 1,1 -dimethylethyl)- 1, I -dimethylsilanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I ,1 -Dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-5-ethyl-6-methyl-3-methyl-2-methoxy- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ~ N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- 1, I -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~ -ethyl-6-methyl-3-methyl-2-(trimethylsiloxy)- I H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I ,1 -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-4,6-dimethyl-2-( 1-pyrrolidinyl)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I ,1 -Dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -((1,2,3 ,3a,7a-~)-4,6-dimethyl-2-( 1-piperidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-4,6-Dimethyl-2-(dimethylamino)- I H-inden- I -yl)(N-( 1, I -dimethylethyl)- 1, I -dimethylsil~n~min~o(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- 1, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-3,4,6-trimethyl-2-10 methoxy-lH-inden-l-yl)sil~n~minato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)- I ,1 -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-3,4,6-trimethyl-2-(trimethylsiloxy)- I H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I ~ I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-4-phenyl-2-( 1-pyrrolidinyl)- I ~-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-TI)-4-phenyl-2-( 1-piperidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-4-Phenyl-2-(dimethylamino)-lH-inden- 1 -yl)(N-( 1,1-dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethylsilanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-4-phenyl-2-methoxy-20 lH-inden-l-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1,1 -Dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- 1-(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-Tl)-4-phenyl-2-(trimethylsiloxy)- I H-inden- I -yl)sil~namin:lto(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- 1, l -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,9a-~)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3,5,5,8,8-pentamethyl-2-( 1 -pyrrolidinyl)- I H-benz(f)inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)- I ,1 -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,9a-~)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-~ 5 5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1H-benz(f)inden-I-yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( 1,1 -Dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,8a-eta)- 1 ,5,6,7-tetrahydro-3-methyl-2-( 1 -pyrrolidinyl)-s-indacen- 1 -yl)sil~n~min~to(2-)-N-dimethyl-titanium (N-( 1,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,8a-eta)- 1 ,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2-( 1 -pyrrolidinyl)-s-indacen- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N-dimethyl-titanium In the above names where 2-heteroatom-indenyl complexes are named, a similar range of compounds are those where the 2-heteroatom-indenyl moeity is replaced by an alkyl or aryl substituted cyclopentadienyl group as demonstrated by the following compounds:

(N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- 1-(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2-( 1 -pyrrolidinyl)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2-( I -piperidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2-(dimethylamino)- I H-inden- 1 -yl)(N-20 ( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethylsil:~n~min:~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- 1, I -dimethyl- 1-((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-4,5 ,6,7-tetrahydro-3-methyl-2-methoxy- I H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (N-( I, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-~)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-3-methyl-2-(trimethylsiloxy)- I H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium W O 98106728 rCT~US97/1317 ( 1-((1,2,3 ,4,5~ 2-Dimethylamino)-3-methyl-2,4-cyclopentadien- 1 -yl)-N-( I ,1-dimethyethyl)- I ,1 -dimethylsilanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( 1-(( I ,2,3,4,5-r~)-2-Dimethylamino)-2,4-cyclopentadien- 1 -yl)-N-( I ,1-dimethyethyl)- I, I -dimethylsilanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( 1-((1 ,2,3,4,5-~)-3-Dimethylamino)-3-methyl-2,4-cyclopentadien- 1 -yl)-N-cyclohexyl- I ,1 -dimethylsilan~min~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I -((1,2,3 ,4,5-~)-2-Dimethylamino)-2,4-cyclopentadien- 1 -yl)-N-cyclohexyl-I, I -dimethylsilanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I -(( I ,2,3,4,5-~)-2-Methoxy)-3-methyl-2,4-cyclopentadien- 1 -yl)-N-( I, I -dimethyethyl)- I, I -dimethylsilanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I -(( I ,2,3,4,5-rl)-2-Methoxy)-2,4-cyclopentadien- 1 -yl)-N-( 1, I -dimethyethyl)-I, I -dimethylsilanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( 1-(( I ,2,3,4,5-rl)-2-Methoxy)-3-methyl-2,4-cyclopentadien- 1 -yl)-N-cyclohexyl-I, I -dimethylsilanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium I S ( I -((1,2,3 ,4,5-~)-2-Methoxy)-2,4-cyclopentadien- 1 -y])-N-cyclohexyl- I, I -dimethylsilanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( 1-(( I ,2,3,3a,6a-~)-2-(Dimethylamino)- 1 ,4,5,6-tetrahydro- 1 -pentalenyl)-N-( 1,1 -dimethylethyl)) 1, I -dimethylsil~n:~minato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I -((1 ,2,3,3a,6a-~)-2-(Dimethylamino)- I ,4,5,6-tetrahydro- 1 -pentalenyl)-N-20 cyclohexyl)1,1-dimethylsilanamin~to(2-)-N)dimethy]titanium ( I -(( I ,2,3,3a,6a-1l)-2-(methoxy)- 1 ,4,5,6-tetrahydro- 1 -pentalenyl)-N-( I ,1-dimethylethyl)) 1, I -dimethylsil~n:~min~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I -((1 ,2,3,3a,6a-1l)-2-(methoxy)- 1 ,4,5,6-tetrahydro- 1 -pentalenyl)-N-cyclohexyl) I ,1 -dimethylsil~namin~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium W 098/06728 PCT~US97/13171 (1-((1 ,2,3,3a,6a-1l)-2-(Trimethylsiloxy)-l ,4,5,6-tetrahydro-1 -pentalenyl)-N-I, I -dimethylethyl)) 1, I -dimethylsil~n~min~to(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium (1-((1,2,3,3a,6a-rl)-2-(Trimethylsiloxy)-1,4,S,6-tetrahydro-1 -pentalenyl)-N-cyclohexyl) I ,1 -dimethylsilanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I -((1,2,3 ,3a,6a-1l)-2-(Trimethylsiloxy)- I ,4,5,6-tetrahydro- 1 -pentalenyl)-N-( 1, I -dimethylethyl)) I, I -dimethylsilanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium ( I -((1 ,2,3,3a,6a-~)-2-(Trimethylsiloxy)- I ,4,5,6-tetrahydro- 1 -pentalenyl)-N-cyclohexyl) I, I -dimethylsilanaminato(2-)-N)dimethyltitanium The complexes can be prepared by use of well known synthetic techniques.
Optionally a reducing agent can be employed to produce the lower oxidation statecomplexes. Such a process is disclosed in USSN 8/241,523, filed May 13, 1994, published as WO 95100526, the teachings of which are hereby incorporated by reference. The reactions are conducted in a suitable noninterfering solvent at atemperature from -100 to 300~C, preferably from -78 to 100~C, most preferably from 0 to 50~C. By the term "reducing agent" herein is meant a metal or compound which, under reducing conditions causes the metal M, to be reduced from a higher to a lower oxidation state. Examples of suitable metal reducing agents are alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, aluminum and zinc, alloys of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals such as sodium/mercury amalgam and sodiumlpotassium alloy. Examples of suitable reducing agent compounds are sodium naphthalenide, potassium graphite, lithium alkyls, lithium or potassium alkadienyls; and Grignard reagents. Most preferred reducing agents are the alkali metals or alkaline earth metals, especially lithium and magnesium metal.

Suitable reaction media for the formation of the complexes include aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers, and cyclic ethers, particularly branched-chain hydrocarbons such as isobutane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, and mixtures thereof; cyclic and alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane, cycloheptane, methylcyclohexane, methylcycloheptane, and mixtures thereof; aromatic and W 098/06728 rCT~US97/13171 hydrocarbyl-substituted aromatic compounds such as benzene, toluene, and xylene,Cl 4 dialkyl ethers, Cl 4 dialkyl ether derivatives of (poly)alkylene glycols, and tetrahydrofuran. Mixtures of the foregoing are also suitable.

One synthesis of heteroatom-substituted cyclopentadienyl systems, which are 5 useful as precursors to constrained geometry catalyst systems (CGC), is depicted in Scheme 1, below, where:

a.) excess amine, MeOH, 25 ~C (-H20);

b. ) excess amine (8 eq), TiC14 ( 1 eq) in CH2C12, 0 ~C, then add ketone and warm to 25 ~C;

c.) 1.05 eq n-BuLil hexane at 25 ~C; d.) 1.0-1.5 eq Cl-silanelTHF at 25 ~C;
e.) 2.05 eq n-BuI~i/ hexane at 25 ~C; and R, R', R", R"', R'"' independently selected in each case are H (except on the nitrogen bound directly to the cyclopentadienyl ring), alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, aralkyl, and are not limited only to these groups.

WO 98106728 PCT/USg7/1317 Scheme I

~~ ~ ~NR~2 C ~ ~_ NR'2 Lj ~ _ 5ketone enamine R R
R ~S~l d ~NR'2 ~; 13 H R N' H
CGC-ligand R ~
~NR'2 e ~NR2 2 Li(3 R~ N~R"" ~Si R~

10CGC-ligand CGC-dianion W O 98/06728 rCT~US97/13171 The heteroatom-containing substituent has a nitrogen in the 2-position of the indenyl system. 2-Indanone is a convenient starting material for conversion to the corresponding enamine, although formation of the latter is not restricted to the use of this compound. Enamines of indanone are typically formed by methods known in the5 art, including condensation of secondary amines with the ketone in anhydrous alcohol (U. Edlund Acta Chemica Sca7ldinavica, lg74, 27, 4027-4029). Typically, enaminesof 2-indanone are more easily forrned by amine condensation than l-indanone analogues. With more sterically hindered ketones, such as l-methyl-2-indanone ormore volatile amines such as dimethyl amine, it may be preferable to employ stronger 10 dehydrating reagents such as titanium chloroamides (generated in situ from titanium tetrachloride and the condensation amine) (R. Carlson, A. Nilsson Acta Chemica Scandinavica B 38, 1984, 49-53). These two methods have been employed to produceenamines substituted in the 2-position of the indene (the ]-position is typically bonded to a silicon or other linking moiety in subsequent compounds). Another method for 15 the preparation of enamines involves electrophilic amination of carbanions such as lithium indenide (E. Erdik; M, Ay Chem. Rev., 198g, 89, 1947-1980).

For subsequent formation of highly pure CGC-ligands, enamines prepared by these routes must be highly pure and free of ketone, Aldol by-products and higher weight reaction tars which typically accompany product formation. None of the 20 aforementioned routes uniformly provides a product which can be used without some sort of further purification. We have found that chromatographic purification using flash-grade silica gel or alumina rapidly promotes hydrolysis of the enamine to free amine and ketone, an unfortunate consequence. Although these compounds are highly water and air sensitive, enamines of this nature may be purified by careful fractional 25 distillation, or occasionally, recrystallization. In particular, rapid distillation of indanone enamines is required to prevent thermal polymerization in the still at elevated temperature. Expedient conversion of pure enamine to its corresponding anionic salt is required to obtain a highly pure CGC-ligand, since enamines may also be photochemically sensitive.

W O 98/06728 PCTrUS97/13171 2-Indanone is also a preferred starting material for CGC-ligands substituted with oxygen in the 2-position, as shown in Scheme 2, be]ow, where:

a.) alcohol, benzene, reflux (-H2O); b.) 1.05 eq n-BuLi/ hexane at 25 ~C; c.) 1.0-1.5 eq Cl-silane/THF at 25 ~C; d.) 2.05 eq n-BuLi/ hexane at 25 ~C; and 5 R, R', R'', R"', R"" independently selected in each case are H (except on oxygen), alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, aralkyl, and are not limited only to these groups.

WO g8106728 PCT/US97/13171 Scheme 2 ~=0 ~ ~R' b ~ ~OR' ketone enol ether enol etheranion R

j~OR 5~\ C . I~OR' - (3 R"'/ ~Nl'R
H

CGC-ligand R ~) ~OR' d ~ 2 Li R"'/ \N~R"" ~Si R
H (3 CGC-ligand CGC-dianion In particular, enol ethers in this position can be made by dehydration of the appropriate hemiketal which is formed in si~u from indanone and alcohol in the presence of an acidic catalyst (L. A. Paquette; A. Varadarajan; E. Bey J. Am. Chem.
Soc. 1984, 106, 6702-6708; W. E. Parham; C. D. Wrig12t J. Org. Chem. 1957, 22, 1473-77). Silyl enol ethers can be made by forming the enolate of 2-indanone andquenching with, for example, t-butyl-dimethylsilyl chloride (R. Leino, H. Luttikhedde;
C. E. Wilen; R. Sillanpa, J. H. Nasman, Organometallics, 1996,15, 2450-2453). Enol ethers of indanones, like the enamine analogues, are also susceptible to hydrolysis and are very oxygen sensitive. Once purified, they are best expediently converted to their corresponding anionic salts.

Once highly purified, conversion of the enamine to its corresponding anionic salt may be accomplished by reaction with an appropriate base of suitable strength in an appropriate noninterfering solvent. Under ~lol)l iate, anaerobic, anhydrous conditions, the often solid anionic salt may be filtered, washed and dried in nearly quantitative yield. Likewise, enol ethers of 2-indanone can be deprotonated to the colTesponding anionic salt. The choice of suitable base is more restricted in the case of silyl enol ethers, since certain bases, like n-butyllithium, were found to causedesilylation with generation of the enolate anion (base attack on the silyl group).

The formation of constrained geometry ligands (CGC-ligand) based upon heteroatom-substituted indenes is based upon the anion alkylation method described by Nickias and coworkers (Nickias, Peter N.; Devore, David D.; Wilson, David R. PCTInt. Appl., WO 9308199 Al 930429. CAN 119:160577; Carpenetti, Donald W.;
K]oppenburg, Lioba; Kupec, Justin T.; Petersen, Jeffrey L. Organometallics 1996,15(6), 1572-81) in which a cyclopentadienyl anion is reacted with electrophiles such as halogenated secondary alkylamines or halogenated secondary silylamines to give the corresponding cyclopentadienyl alkylamine or cyclopentadienyl silylamine. Under halogenated secondary alkylamines or halogenated secondary silylamines are included for example (t-butyl)(chlorodimethylsilyl)amine, (t-butyl)(chlorodimethylsilylmethyl)amine, (t-butyl)(bromomethyldimethylsilyl)amine, (t-butyl)(2-chloroethyl)amine, (chlorodimethylsilyl)(phenyl)amine, (adamantyl)(chlorodiphenylsilyl)amine, (chlorodimethylsilyl)(cyclohexyl)amine, (benzyl)~chlorodimethylsilyl)amine and (t-butyl)(chloromethylphenylsilyl)amine For example, dropwise addition of the lithio derivative of the anionic salt in THF to a molar excess of (t-butyl)(chlorodimethylsilyl)amine in THF followed by standard 5 removal of lithium chloride and excess electrophile often provides highly pure ligand which may be subsequently used without further purification. This so-called CGC-ligand may be converted to its insoluble dianionic salt by reaction of the free base with two equivalents of a base of suitable strength in an aL~plop~iate noninterfering solvent.

By approp,iate noninterfering solvent in the context of the present invention is10 meant a solvent that doesn't interfere with the formation of, or react deleteriously with, the desired product. Such solvents suitable for the preparation of the anionic salts and dianionic salts of the invention include, but are not limited to aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, particularly straight and branched chain hydrocarbons such as butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, decane, including their branched isomers and 15 mixtures thereof; cyclic and alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane, cycloheptane, methylcyclohexane, methylcycloheptane and mixtures thereof; aromatic and hydrocarbyl-substituted aromatic compounds such as benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, diethylbenzene and mixtures thereof; ethers and cyclic ethers, particularly C1 6 dialkyl ethers, such as diethyl ether, dibutyl ether and methyl-t-butyl 20 ether, C1 6 dialkyl ether derivatives of (poly)alkylene glycols, such as dimethoxyethane, and dioxane and THF and mixtures thereof. Mixtures of the foregoing are also suitable.

Bases of suitable strength for the preparation of the dianionic salts of the invention include hydrocarbyl salts of Group l and Group 2 metals, especially alkyl or 25 aryl salts of lithium or magnesium, such as methyllithium, ethyllithium, n-butyllithium, s-butyllithium, t-butyllithium, phenyllithium, methyl magnesium chloride, ethyl magnesium bromide, i-propyl magnesium chloride, dibutylmagnesium, (butyl)(ethyl)magnesium, dihexylmagnesium; Group l or Group 2 metals, such as lithium, sodium, potassium and magnesium; Group 1, Group 2 or Group 13 metal 30 hydrides, such as lithium hydride, sodium hydride, potassium hydride or lithium W 098/06728 PCT~US97/13171 aluminum hydride: Group I or Group 2 metal amide complexes, such as lithium diisopropylamide, lithium dimethylamide, lithium hexamethyldisilazide, sodamide and magnesium diisopropylamide.

Bases of suitable strength for the preparation of the anionic salts of the 5 invention include the foregoing as well as Group 1 or Group 2 metal alkoxide complexes, such as sodium ethoxide, sodium t- butoxide, potassium butoxide and - potassium amylate The metallation of the dianionic salt may be accomplished by methods cited in this art as well. Reaction of the dianionic salt in THF with TiCI3 (THF)3, followed by 10 oxidation with methylene chloride or lead dichloride is a well estab]ished procedure (J.
Okuda, S. Verch, T. P. Spaniol, R. Sturmer Chem. Ber., 1996, 129, 1429-1431, D. D.
Devore EP 514,828) which affords the titanium (IV) dichloride complex. The dichloride may be silylated or hydrocarbylated by ligand exchange with an ap~ ,pliate silylating or hydrocarbylating agent, such as methyl'lithium, methyl magnesium 15 chloride, benzyl potassium, allyl lithium, trimethylsi]ylmethyl lithium, neopentyl magnesium bromide and phenyllithium. A more complete list of appropriate silylating or hydrocarbylating agents is given below.

A general method for producing the titanium(II) diene complex from the corresponding titanium(IV) dichloride has been described by Devore and coworkers20 (D. D. Devore, F. J. Timmers, D. L. Hasha, R. K. Rosen, T. J. Marks, P. A. Deck, C.
L. Stern, Organometallics, 1995,14, 3132-3134; D. D. Devore, F. J. Timmers, J. C.
Stevens, R. D. Mussell, L. H. Crawford, D. R. Wilson, US 5,556,928). Thus, treatment of the dichloride with n-butyl lithium in the presence of an appropriate diene produces the analogous titanium (II) diene complex for heteroatom-substituted 25 systems.

The formation of the CGC metal (III) complexes according to the invention can be accomplished by any of several synthesis methods, among which are the following:
The reaction under anaerobic and anhydrous conditions of the dianionic salts with trivalent metal salts, such as Group 4 metal (III) halide or alkoxide complexes, can be carried out, optionally followed by silylation or hydrocarbylation with suitablesilylating or hydrocarbylating agents, to form the corresponding CGC metal (III)halide, alkoxide, sily] or hydrocarbyl complexes of the invention.

A further synthesis method involves reducing an appropriate CGC metal (IV) 5 dihalide or dialkoxide complex, or, preceded by monosilylation or monohydrocarbylation, the corresponding CGC (IV) silyl or hydrocarbyl monohalideor monoalkoxide complex with a suitable reducing agent to the corresponding CGC
metal (III) halide, alkoxide, silyl or hydrocarbyl complex.

Found to be particularly suitable in the synthesis of the CGC metal (III) 10 complexes according to the present invention are the methods described by Wilson (D.
R. Wilson US 5,504,224, 1996) which is incorporated herein by reference. For example, cyclopentadienyl ligands can be displaced by the dianionic salts and/or by the (stabilizing) hydrocarbylating agents from cyclopentadienyl-containing Group 4 metal complexes in the +3 oxidation state to give the CGC metal (III) complexes of the1 5 invention.

Suitable reducing agents for reducing the oxidation state of the metals of the CGC metal (IV) complexes from +4 to ~3 have been described above and especially include zinc, aluminum and magnesium.

Suitable silylating and hydrocarbylating agents for the CGC metal (III) 20 complexes and the CGC metal (IV) complexes of the invention include alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, neopentyl and hexyl; aryl, such as phenyl, naphthyl and biphenyl; aralkyl, such as benzyl, tolylmethyl, diphenylmethyl; alkaryl, such as tolyl and xylyl; allyl; silyl- or alkyl-substituted allyl, such as methylallyl, trimethylsilylallyl, dimethylallyl and trimethylallyl; trialkylsilyl, such as trimethylsilyl and triethylsilyl;
25 trialkylsilylalkyl, such as trimethylsilylmethyl; pentadienyl; alkyl- or silyl-substituted pentadienyl, such as methylpentadienyl, dimethylpentadienyl, trimethylsilylpentadienyl, bis(trimethylsilyl)pentadienyl, cyclohexadienyl and dimethylcyclohexadienyl; dialkylaminoalkaryl, such as o-(N,N-dimethylaminomethyl)phenyl; and dialkylaminoaralkyl, such as o-(N,N-dimethylamino)benzyl; salts of Group 1, 2 or 13 metals, preferably the salts of lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium and aluminum. Preferred silylating and hydrocarbylating agents include trimethylaluminum, methyllithium, methyl magnesium chloride, neopentyllithium, trimethylsilylmethyl magnesium chloride and 5 phenyllithium. Stabilizing group-containing hydrocarbylating agents are also included, especially the stabilizing group-containing hydrocarbylating agents and salts of the stabilizing group-containing hydrocarbyl groups described in US 5,504,2~4, whosesalts include, for example, benzyl potassium, 2-(N,N-dimethylamino)benzyllithium, a}lyllithium and dimethylpentadienyl potassium. The stabilizing groups are further described in U.S. Ser. No. ~003, filed Jan. 21, ]993 (corresponding to WO 93/19104), incorporated herein by reference.

Preferred halides or alkoxides of the metal (III) halide or alkoxide complexes and the CGC metal (III) halide or alkoxide complexes include fluoride, chloride,bromide, iodide, methoxide, ethoxide, i-propoxide, n- propoxide, butoxide and 15 phenoxide. Preferred metal (III) halide or a]koxide complexes include titanium (III) chloride, titanium (III) ethoxide, titanium (III) bromide, titanium ~III) isopropoxide, titanium (III) (dichloro)(isopropoxide), as well as Lewis base complexes of the foregoing, especially ether complexes thereof, particularly diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran and ethylene glycol dimethyl ether complexes thereof. Preferred 20 cyclopentadienyl-containing Group 4 metal complexes in the +3 oxidation stateinclude triscyclopentadienyl titanium, biscyclopentadienyl titanium chloride, biscyclopentadienyl titanium bromide, biscyclopentadienyl titanium isopropoxide,cyclopentadienyl titanium dichloride, cyclopentadienyl titanium diphenoxide, cyclopentadienyl titanium dimethoxide and bis((trimethylsilyl)(t-25 butyl)cyclopentadienyl)zirconium chloride.

The ligands of this invention are 2-heteroatom substituted cyclopentadienyl-containing ligands where the ligand is in the forrn of:

(A) a free base with 2 protons capable of being deprotonated;
(B) a dilithium salt;

wo 98l0672~ PCT/US97/13171 ~C~ a magnesium salt: or (D) a mono or disilylated dianion.

Within the scope of this invention is the use of a ligand of this invention for synthesis to produce a metal complex of this invention, or for synthesis to produce a 5 metal complex comprising a metal from one of Groups 3 to 13 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, the lanthanides or actinides, and from 1 to 4 of the ligands.

The ligands of this invention may be used in various forrns, including salts, with various groups attached at the Z position in syntheses leading to metal complexes in which the metal is from Groups 3-16 of periodic table or the lanthanides, and in 10 which from one to four of these ligands, alone or in combination with other ligands, are present in the metal complex. The methods of synthesis may be similar or analogous to those discussed herein for the Group 4 metal complexes of this invention, as well as various other synthetic procedures known in the art. The metal complexes are useful as catalysts in various reactions, including olefin polymeri~ation reactions.

15Obviously, naming of these metal complexes, as well as the neutral ligands andvarious intermediates is complicated and challenging, and the rules in various systems for these names are evolving. Therefore, reference to the structural representations is recommended. Generally, with attachment of the bridge of a constrained geometry complex or of a bridged bis-Cp complex in the l-position, the heteroatom then is in 20 the 2-position. The structural representations herein should not be given a strictly literal interpretation with regard to bond orders, bond lengths or strengths. For example, the X-ray data show that the N-Cp bonds of some complexes are shorter than would be expected for a single bond, which indicates at least some double bond character in the N-Cp bond.

25Within the scope of the above discussion relating to ligands, preferred ligands of this invention correspond to the formula:

W O 98106728 PCTrUS97/13171 - RB - ~x + y + z)-2 RC I RA
,~x RD I ZHy (Si(R)3lz wherexisOorl,yisOorl,~isOorl,x+yisOorl,x+zisOorl,andthe other symbols are as previously defined, where the dotted circle within the Cp ring implies the various possibilities for double bond character, partial double bondcharacter or aromatic character as appropriate, depending upon the values for x, y, and z.

The complexes are rendered catalytically active by combination with an activating cocatalyst or by use of an activating technique. Suitab]e activating cocatalysts for use herein include polymeric or oligomeric alumoxanes, especially methylalumoxane, triisobutyl aluminum modified methylalumoxane, or isobutylalumoxane; neutral Lewis acids, such as Cl 45 hydrocarbyl substituted Group 13 compounds, especially tri(hydrocarbyl)aluminum- or tri(hydrocarbyl)boron compounds and halogenated (including perhalogenated) derivatives thereof, havingfrom I to 15 carbons in each hydrocarbyl or halogenated hydrocarbyl group, more especially perfluorinated tri(aryl)boron compounds, and most especially tris(o-nonafluorobiphenyl)borane, tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane; nonpolymeric, compatible, noncoordinating. ion forming compounds (including the use of such compounds under oxidizing conditions), especially the use of ammonium-, phosphonium-, oxonium-, carbonium-, silylium- or sulfonium- salts of compatible, noncoordinating anions, or ferrocenium salts of compatible, noncoordinating anions; bulk electrolysis (explained in more detail hereinafter); and combinations of the foregoing activating cocatalysts and techniques. The foregoing activating cocatalysts and activating techni~ues have been previously taught with respect to different metal complexes in the following references: EP-A-277,003, U.S .-A-5,153,157, U.S .-A-5,064,802, EP-A-468,651 (equivalent to U.S. Serial No. 07/547,718), EP-A-520,732 (equivalent to U.S. Serial -W O 98106728 PCTrUS971}3171 No. 07/876,268). and EP-A-520,732 (equivalent to U.S. Serial No. 07/884,966 filed May 1, 1992), the teachings of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

Combinations of neutral Lewis acids, especially the combination of a trialkyl aluminum compound having from 1 to 4 carbons in each alkyl group and a halogenated tri(hydrocarbyl)boron compound having from I to 20 carbons in each hydrocarbyl group, especially tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane, tris(o-nonafluorobiphenyl)borane, further combinations of such neutral Lewis acid mixtures with a polymeric or oligomeric alumoxane, and combinations of a single neutral Lewis acid, especially tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane with a polymeric or oligomeric alumoxane are especially desirable activating cocatalysts. A benefit according to the present invention is the discovery that the most efficient catalyst activation using such a combination of tris(pentafluorophenyl)boranelalumoxane mixture occurs at reduced levels of alumoxane. Preferred molar ratios of Group 4 metal complex:tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane:alumoxane are from 1: 1: I to I :5:5, morepreferably from 1: 1: 1.5 to I :5:3. The surprising efficient use of lower levels of alumoxane with the present invention allows for the production of olefin polymers with high catalytic efficiencies using less of the expensive alumoxane cocatalyst.
Additionally, polymers with lower levels of aluminum residue, and hence greater clarity, are obtained.

Suitable ion forming compounds useful as cocatalysts in one embodiment of the present invention comprise a cation which is a Bronsted acid capable of donating a proton, and a compatible, noncoordinating anion, A-. As used herein, the term "noncoordinating" means an anion or substance which either does not coordinate to the Group 4 metal containing precursor complex and the catalytic derivative derived therefrom, or which is only weakly coordinated to such complexes thereby remaining sufficiently labile to be displaced by a neutral Lewis base. A noncoordinating anion specifically refers to an anion which when functioning as a charge balancing anion in a cationic metal complex does not transfer an anionic substituent or fragment thereof to said cation thereby forming neutral complexes. "Compatible anions" are anions which are not degraded to neutrality when the initially formed complex decomposes and are noninterfering with desired subsequent polymerization or other uses of the complex.

Preferred anions are those containing a single coordination complex comprising a charge-bearing metal or metalloid core which anion is capable of 5 balancing the charge of the active catalyst species (the metal cation) which may be formed when the two components are combined. Also, said anion should be - sufficiently labile to be displaced by olefinic, diolefinic and acetylenically unsaturated compounds or other neutral Lewis bases such as ethers or nitriles. Suitable metals include, but are not limited to, aluminum, gold and platinum. Suitable metalloids 10 include, but are not limited to, boron, phosphorus, and silicon. Compounds containing anions which comprise coordination complexes containing a single metal or metalloid atom are, of course, well known and many, particularly such compounds containing a single boron atom in the anion portion, are available commercially.

Preferably such cocatalysts may be represented by the following general 1 5 formula:

(L*-H)d + (A)d-whereln:
L* is a neutral Lewis base;
(L*-H)+ is a Bronsted acid;
(A)d- is a noncoordinating, compatible anion having a charge of d-, and d is an integer from 1 to 3.

More preferably (A)d- corresponds to the formula: [M'Q4]-;

wherein:

M' is boron or aluminum in the +3 formal oxidation state; and Q independently each occurrence is selected from hydride~ dialkylamido, halide, hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxide, halosubstituted-hydrocarbyl, halosubstituted Wo 98106728 PCT/US97/13171 hydrocarbyloxy, and ha]o- substituted silylhydrocarbyl radicals (including perhalogenated hydrocarbyl- perhalogenated hydrocarbyloxy- and perhalogenated silylhydrocarbyl radicals), said Q having up to 20 carbons with the proviso that in not more than one occurrence is Q halide. Examples of suitable hydrocarbyloxide Q
S groups are disclosed in U.S. Patent 5,296,433, the teachings of which are herein incorporated by reference.

In a more preferred embodiment, d is one, that is, the counter ion has a single negative charge and is A-. Activating cocatalysts comprising boron which are particularly useful in the preparation of catalysts of this invention may be represented by the following general formula:

(L*-H) (BQ4)-;

wherein:

L* is as previously defined;
B is boron in a formal oxidation state of 3; and lS Q is a hydrocarbyl-, hydrocarbyloxy-, fluorinated hydrocarbyl-, fluorinated hydrocarbyloxy-, or fluorinated silylhydrocarbyl- group of up to 20 nonhydrogen atoms, with the proviso that in not more than one occasion is Q hydrocarbyl.

Most preferably, Q is each occurrence a fluorinated aryl group, especially, a pentafluorophenyl group.

Illustrative, but not limiting, examples of ion forming compounds comprising proton donatable cations which may be used as activating cocatalysts in the preparation of the catalysts of this invention are tri-substituted ammonium salts such as:
trimethylammonium tetraphenylborate, methyldioctadecylammonium tetraphenylborate, triethylammonium tetraphenylborate, tripropylammonium tetraphenylborate, W 098/06728 PCT~US97/13171 tri(n-butyl)ammonium tetraphenylborate, methyltetradecyloctadecylammonium tetraphenylborate, N,N-dimethylanilinium tetraphenylborate, N,N-diethylanilinium tetraphenylborate, 5 N,N-dimethyl(2,4,6-trimethylanilinium) tetraphenylborate, trimethylammonium tetrakis(penta-fluorophenyl)borate, triethylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, tripropylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, tri(n-butyl)ammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, 10 tri(sec-butyl)ammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, N,N-dimethylanilinium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, N,N-diethylanilinium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, N,N-dimethyl(2,4.6-trimethylanilinium) tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, trimethylammonium tetrakis(2,3,4,6-tetrafluorophenyl)borate, 15 triethylammonium tetrakis(2,3,4,6-tetrafluorophenyl)borate, tripropylammonium tetrakis(2,3,4,6-tetrafluorophenyl)borate, tri(n-butyl)ammonium tetrakis(2,3,4,6-tetrafluorophenyl)borate, dimethy](t-butyl)ammonium tetrakis(2,3,4,6-tetrafluorophenyl)borate, N,N-dimethylanilinium tetrakis(2,3,4,6-tetrafluorophenyl)borate, 20 N,N-diethylanilinium tetrakis(2,3,4,6-tetrafluorophenyl)borate, and N,N-dimethyl-(2,4,6-trimethylanilinium) tetrakis-(2,3,4,6-tetrafluorophenyl)borate.

Dialkyl ammonium salts such as:
di-(i-propyl)ammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, and dicyclohexylammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate.

Tri-substituted phosphonium salts such as:
triphenylphosphonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, tri(o-tolyl)phosphonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, and tri(2,6-dimethylphenyl)phosphonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate.

Preferred are tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate salts of long chain alkyl mono-and disubstituted ammonium complexes, especially C14-C20 alkyl ammonium complexes, especially methyldi~octadecyl)ammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate and methyldi(tetradecyl)ammonium S tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate.

An especially preferred group of activating cocatalysts is tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane, N-R3,N-R4 anilinium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate where R3 and R4 independently each occurrence are substituted or unsubstituted saturated hydrocarbyl groups having from I to 8 carbon atoms, (RIR2NHCH3)+
(C6H4OH)B(C6Fs)3 ~, or (~lR2NHCH3)+ B(C6Fs)4~, where Rl and R2 independently each occurrence are substituted or unsubstituted saturated hydrocarbyl groups having from 12 to 30 carbon atoms.

Another suitable ion forming, activating cocatalyst comprises a salt of a cationic oxidizing agent and a noncoordinating, compatible anion represented by the I S formu]a:

(Oxe+)d (Ad-)e wherein:

oxe+ is a cationic oxidizing agent having a charge of e+;
e is an integer from l to 3; and Ad- and d are as previously defined.

Examples of cationic oxidizing agents include: ferrocenium, hydrocarbyl-substituted ferrocenium, Ag+ or Pb+2. Preferred embodiments of Ad- are those anions previously defined with respect to the Bronsted acid containing activating cocatalysts, especially tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate.

Wo 98/06728 PCT/US97/13171 Another suitable ion forming, activating cocatalyst comprises a compound which is a salt of a carbenium ion and a noncoordinating, compatible anion represented by the formula:

(~ A-wherein:

~ + is a Cl 20 carbenium ion; and A- is as previously defined. A preferred carbenium ion is the trityl cation, i.e.
triphenylmethylium.

A further suitable ion forming, activating cocatalyst comprises a compound 10 which is a salt of a silylium ion and a noncoordinating, compatible anion represented by the formula:
R3Si(X7)q+A~

wherein:

R is Cl lo hydrocarbyl, and X', q and A- are as previously defined.

Preferred silyiium salt activating cocatalysts are trimethylsilylium tetrakispentafluorophenylborate, triethylsilylium tetrakispentafluorophenylborate and ether substituted adducts thereof. Silylium salts have been previously generically disclosed in J. Chem Soc. Chem. Comm., 1993, 383-384, as well as Lambert, J. B., et al., Organometallics, 1994, 13, 2430-2443. The use of the above silylium salts as activating cocatalysts for addition polymerization catalysts is claimed in United States Patent Application entitled, "Si]ylium Cationic Polymerization Activators For Metallocene Complexes", filed in the names of David Neithamer, David Devore, Robert LaPointe and Robert Mussell on September 12, 1994.

Certain complexes of alcohols, mercaptans~ silanols, and oximes with tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane are also effective catalyst activators and may be used W O 98/06728 PCT~US97113171 according to the present invention. Such cocatalysts are disclosed in U.S. 5,296.433, the teachings of which are herein incorporated by reference.

The techni~ue of bulk electrolysis involves the electrochemical oxidation of themetal complex under electrolysis conditions in the presence of a supporting electrolyte 5 comprising a noncoordinating, inert anion. In the technique, solvents, supporting electrolytes and electrolytic potentials for the electrolysis are used such thatelectrolysis byproducts that would render the metal complex catalytically inactive are not substantially formed during the reaction. More particularly, suitable solvents are materials that are: liquids under the conditions of the electrolysis (generally 10 temperatures from 0 to 100~C), capable of dissolving the supporting electrolyte. and inert. "Inert solvents" are those that are not reduced or oxidized under the reaction conditions employed for the electrolysis. It is generally possible in view of the desired electrolysis reaction to choose a solvent and a supporting electrolyte that are unaffected by the electrical potential used for the desired electrolysis. Preferred solvents include 15 difluorobenzene (all isomers), dimethoxyethane (DME), and mixtures thereof.

The electrolysis may be conducted in a standard electrolytic cell containing an anode and cathode (also referred to as the working electrode and counter electrode respectively). Suitable materials of construction for the cell are glass, plastic, ceramic and glass coated metal. The electrodes are prepared from inert conductive materials, 20 by which are meant conductive materials that are unaffected by the reaction mixture or reaction conditions. Platinum or palladium are preferred inert conductive materials.
Normally an ion permeable membrane such as a fine glass frit separates the cell into separate compartments, the working electrode compartment and counter electrode compartment. The working electrode is immersed in a reaction medium comprising 25 the metal complex to be activated, solvent, supporting electrolyte, and any other materials desired for moderating the electrolysis or stabilizing the resulting complex.
The counter electrode is immersed in a mixture of the solvent and supporting eJectrolyte. The desired voltage may be determined by theoretical calculations or experimentally by sweeping the cell using a reference electrode such as a silver~0 electrode immersed in the cell electrolyte. The background cel] current, the current WO 98/06~28 PCT/US97/13171 draw in the absence of the desired electrolysis, is also determined. The electrolysis is completed when the current drops from the desired level to the background level. In this manner, complete conversion of the initial metal complex can be easily detected.

Suitable supporting electrolytes are salts comprising a cation and a compatible,5 noncoordinating anion, A-. Preferred supporting electrolytes are salts corresponding to the formula G~A-; wherein:

G+ is a cation which is nonreactive towards the starting and resulting complex, and A- is as previously defined.

Examples of cations, G+, include tetrahydrocarbyl substituted ammonium or phosphonium cations having up to 40 nonhydrogen atoms. Preferred cations are thetetra(n-butylammonium)- and tetraethylammonium- cations.

During activation of the complexes of the present invention by bulk electrolysis the cation of the supporting electrolyte passes to the counter electrode and A- migrates 15 to the working electrode to become the anion of the resulting oxidized product. Either the solvent or the cation of the supporting electrolyte is reduced at the counter electrode in equal molar quantity with the amount of oxidized metal complex formed at the working electrode. Preferred supporting electrolytes are tetrahydrocarbylammonium salts of tetrakis(perfluoroaryl) borates having from I to 10 20 carbons in each hydrocarbyl or perfluoroaryl group, especially tetra(n-butylammonium)tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl) borate.

A further recently discovered electrochemical techni~ue for generation of activating cocatalysts is the electrolysis of a disilane compound in the presence of a source of a noncoordinating compatible anion. This technique is more fully disclosed 25 and claimed in the previously mentioned United States Patent application entitled, "Silylium Cationic Polymerization Activators For Metallocene Complexes", filed on September 12, 1994.

W 098/06728 PCTrUS97/13171 The foregoing electrochemical activating technique and activating cocatalysts may also be used in combination. An especially preferred combination is a mixture of a tri(hydrocarby3)aluminum or tri(hydrocarbyl)borane compound having from I to 4carbons in each hydrocarbyl group with an oligomeric or polymeric alumoxane compound.

The molar ratio of catalyst/cocatalyst employed preferably ranges from 1:10,000 to 100:1, more preferably from 1:5000 to 10: 1, most preferably from I :1000 to 1:1. Alumoxane, when used by itself as an activating cocatalyst, is employed in large quantity, generally at least 100 times the 4uantity of metal complex on a molar basis. Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane, where used as an activating cocatalyst, isemployed in a molar ratio to the meta] complex of form 0.5:1 to 10:1, more preferably from 1:1 to 6:1, most preferably from 1:1 to 5:1. The remaining activating cocatalysts are generally employed in approximately equimolar quantity with the metal complex.

The process may be used to polymerize ethylenically unsaturated monomers having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms either alone or in combination. Preferred monomers include monovinylidene aromatic monomers, especially styrene, 4-vinylcyclohexene, vinylcyclohexane, norbornadiene and C2 1 0 aliphatic o~-olefins, especially ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, I-butene, l-pentene, I-hexene, 3-methyl-]-pentene, 4-methyl-~ I-pentene, I-heptene, and l-octene, C4 40 dienes, and mixtures thereof. Most preferred monomers are ethylene, propylene, I-butene, I-hexene, I-octene and mixtures of ethylene, propylene and a nonconjugated diene, especially ethylidenenorbornene.

In general, the polymerization may be accomplished at conditions well known in the prior art for Ziegler-Natta or Kaminsky-Sinn type polymerization reactions, that is, temperatures from 0-250~C, preferably 30 to 200~C and pressures from atmospheric to 10,000 atmospheres. Suspension, solution, slurry, gas phase, bu]k, solid state powder polymerization or other process condition may be employed if desired. A
support, especially silica, alumina, or a polymer (especially poly(tetrafluoroethylene) or a polyolefin) may be employed, and desirably is employed when the catalysts are used in a gas phase or slurry polymerization process. The support is preferably employed in an amount to provide a weight ratio of catalyst (based on metal):support from 1:100,000 to 1:10, more preferably from 1:50,000 to 1:20, and most preferably from 1:10,000 to 1:30. One such polymerization process comprises: contacting, S optionally in a solvent, one or more o~-olefins with a catalyst according to the present invention, in one or more continuous stirred tank or tubular reactors, connected in series or parallel, or in the absence of solvent, optionally in a fluidized bed gas phase reactor, and recovering the resulting polymer. Condensed monomer or solvent may be added to the gas phase reactor as is well known in the art.

In most polymerization reactions the molar ratio of catalyst:polymerizable compoundsemployedisfrom 10-12:1 to lO~l:l,morepreferablyfrom 10-9:1 to 1 0~

Suitable solvents for polymerization are inert liquids~ Examples include straight and branched-chain hydrocarbons such as isobutane, butane, pentane, hexane, 15 heptane, octane, and mixtures thereof; cyclic and alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane. cycloheptane, methylcyclohexane, methylcycloheptane, and mixtures thereof; perf]uorinated hydrocarbons such as perf]uorinated C4 10 alkanes, and the like and aromatic and alkyl-substituted aromatic compounds such as benzene, to]uene, xylene, ethylbenzene and the like. Suitable solvents also include liquid olefins which 20 may act as monomers or comonomers including ethylene, propylene, butadiene. 1-butene, cyclopentene, I-hexene, I-heptene, 4-vinylcyclohexene, vinylcyclohexane, 3-methyl-l-pentene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1,4-hexadiene, I-octene, I-decene, styrene, divinylbenzene, allylbenzene, vinyltoluene (including all isomers alone or in admixture). and the like. Mixtures of the foregoing are also suitable.

The catalyst systems may be utilized in combination with at least one additional homogeneous or heterogeneous polymerization catalyst in separate reactors connected in series or in parallel to prepare polymer blends having desirable properties. An example of such a process is disclosed in WO 94/00500, equivalent to W O 98/06728 PCTrUS97/13171 U.S. Serial Number 07/904,770, as well as U.S. Serial Number 08/10958, filed 3anuary 29, 1993, the teachings or which are hereby incorporated by reference herein.

Utilizing the catalyst systems of the present invention copolymers having high comonomer incorporation and correspondingly low density, yet having a low melt 5 index may be readily prepared. That is, high molecular weight polymers are readily attained by use of the present catalysts even at elevated reactor temperatures. This result is highly desirable because the molecular weight of oc-olefin copolymers can be readily reduced by the use of hydrogen or similar chain transfer agent, however increasing the molecular weight of a-olefin copolymers is usually only attainable by 10 reducing the polymerization temperature of the reactor. Disadvantageously, operation of a polymerization reactor at reduced temperatures significantly increases the cost of operation since heat must be removed from the reactor to maintain the reduced reaction temperature, while at the same time heat must be added to the reactor effluent to vaporize the solvent. In addition, productivity is increased due to improved polymer 15 solubility, decreased solution viscosity, and a higher polymer concentration. Utilizing the present catalysts, a-olefin homopolymers and copolymers having densities from 0.85 glcm3 to 0.96 g/cm3, and melt flow rates from 0.001 to 10.0 dglmin are readily attained in a high temperature process.

The catalyst systems of the present invention are particularly advantageous for 20 the production of ethylene homopolymers and ethylenel~-olefin copolymers having high levels of long chain branching. The use of the catalyst systems of the present invention in continuous polymerization processes, especially continuous, solution polymerization processes, al]ows for elevated reactor temperatures which favor the formation of vinyl terminated polymer chains that may be incorporated into a growing 25 polymer, thereby giving a long chain branch. The use of the present catalysts system advantageously allows for the economical production of ethylenel(x-olefin copolymers having processability similar to high pressure, free radical produced low density polyethylene.

wo g8106728 rCT/US9711317}

In another aspect of the processes of this invention, a preferred process is a high temperature solution polymerization process for the polymerization of olefins comprising contacting one or more C2 20 oc-olefins under polymerization conditions with a catalyst system of this invention at a temperature from about 100~C to about 250~C. More pref'erred as a temperature range for this process is a temperature from about 120~C to about 200~C, and even more preferred is temperature from about 150~C to about 200~C.

The present catalyst systems may be advantageously employed to prepare olefin polymers having improved processing properties by polymerizing ethylene a]one or ethylene/oc-olefin mixtures with low leve]s of a "H" branch inducing diene, such as norbornadiene, 1,7-octadiene, or l,9-decadiene. The unique combination of elevated reactor temperatures, high molecular weight (or low melt indices) at high reactor temperatures and high comonomer reactivity advantageously allows for the economical production of polymers having excellent physical properties and processability. Preferably such po]ymers comprise a C3 20 ~-olefin, including ethylene, and a "H"-branching comonomer. Preferably, such polymers are produced in a solution process, most preferably a continuous solution process. Alternative]y. such polymers may be produced in a gas phase process or a slurry process.

As previously mentioned, the present catalyst system is particular]y useful in the preparation of EP and EPDM copo]ymers in high yield and productivity. The process employed may be either a solution or slurry process both of which are previously known in the art. Kaminsky, J. Poly. Sci., Vol. 23, pp. 2151-64 (1985) reported the use of a soluble bis(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium dimethyl-alumoxanecatalyst system for solution polymerization of EP and EPDM elastomers. U.S.
5,229,478 disclosed a slurry polymerization process utilizing similar bis(cyclopentadienyl) zirconium based catalyst systems.

In general terrns, it is desirable to produce such EP and EPDM elastomers under conditions of increased reactivity of the diene monomer component. The reason for this was explained in the above-identified '478 patent in the fo]lowing manner, Wo 98/06728 PCTIUS97/13171 which still remains true despite the advances attained in such reference. A major factor affecting production costs and hence the utility of an EPDM is the diene monomer cost. The diene is a more expensive monomer material than ethylene or propylene. Further, the reactivity of diene monomers with previously known 5 metallocene catalysts is lower than that of ethylene and propylene. Consequently, to achieve the requisite degree of diene incorporation to produce an EPDM with an acceptably fast cure rate, it has been necessary to use a diene monomer concentration which, expressed as a percentage of the total concentration of monomers present, is in substantial excess compared to the percentage of diene desired to be incorporated into 10 the final EPDM product. Since substantial amounts of unreacted diene monomer must be recovered from the polymerization reactor effluent for recycle the cost of production is increased unnecessarily.

Further adding to the cost of producing an EPDM is the fact that, generally, theexposure of an olefin polymerization catalyst to a diene, especially the high 15 concentrations of diene monomer required to produce the requisite level of diene incorporation in the final EPDM product, often reduces the rate or activity at which the catalyst will cause polymerization of ethylene and propylene monomers to proceed.
Correspondingly, lower throughputs and longer reaction times have been required,compared to the production of an ethylene-propylene copolymer elastomer or other o~-20 olefin copolymer elastomer.

The present catalyst system advantageously allows for increased dienereactivity thereby preparing EPDM polymers in high yield and productivity.
Additionally, the catalyst system of the present invention achieves the economical production of EPDM polymers with diene contents of up to 20 weight percent or 25 higher, which polymers possess highly desirable fast cure rates.

The nonconjugated diene monomer can be a straight chain, branched chain or cyclic hydrocarbon diene having from about 6 to about 15 carbon atoms. Examples of suitable nonconiugated dienes are straight chain acyclic dienes such as 1,4-hexadiene and 1,6-octadiene; branched chain acyclic dienes such as 5-methyl-1 ,4-hexadiene;

W 098106728 PCT~US97/13171 3,7-dimethyl- 1 ,6-octadiene; 3,7-dimethyl- 1 ,7-octadiene and mixed isomers of dihydromyricene and dihydroocinene; single ring alicyclic dienes such as 1,3-cyclopentadiene; 1,4-cyclohexadiene; I,S-cyclooctadiene and l,S-cyclododecadiene: and multi-ring alicyclic fused and bridged ring dienes such as S tetrahydroindene, methyl tetrahydroindene, dicyclopentadiene; bicyclo-~2,2,])-hepta-2, 5-diene; alkenyl, alkylidene, cycloalkenyl and cycloalkylidene norbornenes such as S-methylene-2-norbornene (MNB); S-propenyl-2-norbornene, 5-isopropylidene-2-norbornene, 5-(4-cyclopentenyl)-2-norbornene, 5-cyclohexy]idene-2-norbornene, 5-vinyl-2-norbornene and norbornadiene.

Of the dienes typically used to prepare EPDMs, the particularly preferred dienes are 1,4-hexadiene (HD), S-ethylidene-2-norbornene (ENB), S-vinylidene-2-norbornene (VNB), S-methylene-2-norbornene (MNB)~ and dicyclopentadiene (DCPD). The especially preferred dienes are S-ethylidene-2-norbornene (ENB) and 1,4-hexadiene (HD).

The preferred EPDM elastomers may contain about 20 up to about 90 weight percent ethylene, more preferably about 30 to 85 weight percent ethylene, most preferably about 35 to about 80 weight percenl ethylene.

The alpha-olefins suitable for use in the preparation of elastomers with ethylene and dienes are preferably C3 1 6 alpha-olefins. Illustrative non-limiting examples of such alpha-olefins are propylene, ]-butene, I-pentene, l-hexene, 4-methyl-l-pentene, I-heptene, I-octene, I-decene, and l-dodecene. The alpha-olefin is generally incorporated into the EPDM polymer at about 10 to about 80 weight percent, more preferably at about 20 to about 65 weight percent. The nonconjugated dienes are generally incorporated into the EPDM at about 0.5 to about 20 weight percent; more, preferably at about I to about 15 weight percent, and most preferably at 3 to about 12 weight percent. If desired, more than one diene may be incorporated simultaneously, for example HD and ENB, with total diene incorporation within the limits specified above.

CA 02262377 l999-02-02 The catalyst system may be prepared as a homogeneous catalyst by addition of the requisite components to a solvent in which polymerization will be carried out by solution polymerization procedures. The catalyst system may also be prepared andemployed as a heterogeneous catalyst by adsorbing the requisite components on a S catalyst support material such as silica gel, alumina or other suitable inorganic support material. When prepared in heterogeneous or supported form, it is preferred to use silica as the support material. Inorganic support materials, such as, for example. silica, may be treated with aluminum alkyls or other chemical pacification agents to reduce surface hydroxyl content of the support. The heterogeneous form of the catalyst 10 system may be employed in a gas phase or slurry polymerization. As a practical limitation, slurry polymerization takes place in liquid diluents under conditions in which the polymer product is substantially insoluble. Preferably, the diluent for slurry polymerization is one or more hydrocarbons with less than 5 carbon atoms. If desired, saturated hydrocarbons such as ethane, propane or butane may be used in whole or part 15 as the diluent. Likewise the o~-olefin monomer or a mixture of different ot-olefin monomers may be used in whole or part as the diluent. Most preferably the diluent comprises in at least major part the oc-olefin monomer or monomers to be polymerized.

The catalyst system of this invention may comprise an aluminum organometallic component which comprises an alumoxane, an aluminum alkyl or a 20 combination thereof. This component may be present in a nonactivating amount and function primarily as a scavenger, or it may interact with the cocatalyst component to enhance the activity of the catalyst component, or it may do both.

It is understood with suitable functionality on the cata]yst or cocatalyst of the catalyst system can be covalently or ionically attached to the support material of the 25 support component, which comprises a support material which is a polymer, an inorganic oxide, a metal halide, or a mixture thereof.

Preferred supports for use in the present invention include highly porous silicas, aluminas. aluminosilicates, and mixtures thereof. The most preferred support material is silica. The support material may be in granular, agglomerated, pelleti~ed, or any other physical form. Suitable materials include, but are not limited to, silicas available from Grace Davison (division of W.R. Grace & Co.) under the designations SD 3216.30, Davison Syloid 245, Davison 948 and Davison 952, and from Crossfieldunder the designation ES70, and from Degussa AG under the designation Aerosil 812;
5 and aluminas available from Akzo Chemicals Inc. under the designation Ketzen Grade B.

Supports suitable for the present invention preferably have a surface area as determined by nitrogen porosimetry using the B.E.T. method from lO to about 1000m2/g, and preferably from about 100 to 600 m2/g. The pore volume of the support, as 10 determined by nitrogen adsorption, adYantageous]y is between 0.1 and 3 cm3/g, preferably from about 0.2 to 2 cm3/g. The average particle size depends upon theprocess employed, but typically is from 0.5 to 500 ,um, preferably from I to lO0 ~m.

Both silica and alumina are known to inherently possess small quantities of hydroxyl functionality. When used as a support herein, these materials are preferably 15 subjected to a heat treatment and/or chemical treatment to reduce the hydroxyl content thereof. Typical heat treatments are carried out at a temperature from 30~C to 1000~C
(pref'erably 250~C to 800~C for 5 hours or greater) for a duration of 10 minutes to 50 hours in an inert atmosphere or under reduced pressure. Typical chemical treatments include contacting with Lewis acid alkylating agents such as trihydrocarbyl aluminum 20 compounds, trihydrocarbylchlorosilane compounds, trihydrocarbylalkoxysilane compounds or similar agents. Residual hydroxyl groups are then removed via chemical treatment.

The support may be functionalized with a silane or chlorosilane functionalizing agent to attach thereto pendant silane -(Si-R)=, or chlorosilane -(Si-Cl)= functionality, 25 wherein R is a Cl lo hydrocarbyl group. Suitable functionalizing agents are compounds that react with surface hydroxyl groups of the support or react with the silicon or aluminum of the matrix. Examples of suitable functionalizing agents include phenylsilane, hexamethyldisilazane diphenylsilane, methylphenylsilane dimethylsilane, diethylsilane, dichlorosilane, and dichlorodimethylsilane. Techniques W O 98106728 PCT~US97/13171 for forming such functionalized silica or alumina compounds were previously disclosed in U.S. Patents 3,687,920 and 3.879,368, the teachings of which are herein incorporated by reference.

~he support may also be treated with an aluminum component selected from an 5 alumoxane or an aluminum compound of the formula AIRlx R2yl7 wherein Rl independently each occurrence is hydride or R, R2 is hydride, R or OR, x' is 2 or 3, y' is 0 or I and the sum of x' and y' is 3. Examples of suitable R I and R2 groups include methyl, methoxy, ethyl, ethoxy, propyl (all isomers), propoxy (al] isomers), butyl (all isomers), butoxy (all isomers), phenyl, phenoxy, benzyl, and benzyloxy. Preferably, 10 the aluminum component is selected from the group consisting of aluminoxanes and tri(C] 4 hydrocarbyl)aluminum compounds. Most preferred aluminum components are aluminoxanes, trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, tri-isobutylaluminum. andmixtures thereof.

Alumoxanes (also referred to as aluminoxanes) are oligomeric or polymeric 15 aluminum oxy compounds containing chains of alternating aluminum and oxygen atoms, whereby the aluminum carries a substituent, preferably an alkyl group. The structure of alumoxane is believed to be represented by the following general formulae (-AlfR)-O)m~, for a cyclic alumoxane, and R2AI-O(-Al(R)-O)m~-AlR2, for a linear compound, wherein R is as previous]y defined, and m' is an integer ranging from I to 20 about 50, preferably at least about 4. Alumoxanes are typically the reaction products of water and an aluminum alkyl, which in addition to an a]kyl group may contain halide or a]koxide groups. Reacting several different aluminum alkyl compounds, such as for example trimethyl aluminum and tri-isobutyl aluminum, with water yields so-called modified or mixed alumoxanes. Preferred alumoxanes are methylalumoxane25 and methylalumoxane modified with minor amounts of C2 4 alkyl groups, especially isobutyl. Alumoxanes generally contain minor to substantial amounts of starting aluminum alkyl compound.

Particular techniques for the preparation of alumoxane type compounds by contacting an aluminum alky] compound with an inorganic salt containing water of -80-crystallization are disclosed in U.S. 4,542,1 19. In a particular preferred embodiment an aluminum alkyl compound is contacted with a regeneratable water-containing substance such as hydrated alumina, silica or other substance. This is disclosed in EP-A-338,044. Thus the alumoxane may be incorporated into the support by reaction of a 5 hydrated alumina or silica material, which has optionally been functionalized with silane, siloxane, hydrocarbyloxysilane, or chlorosilane groups, with a tri (Cl lo alkyl) aluminum compound according to known techniques. For the teachings contained therein the foregoing patents and publications, or there corresponding equivalent United States applications, are hereby incorporated by reference.

The treatment of the support material in order to also include optional alumoxane or trialkylaluminum loadings involves contacting the same before, after or simultaneously with addition of the complex or activated catalyst hereunder with the alumoxane or trialkylaluminum compound, especially triethylaluminum or triisobutylaluminum. Optionally the mixture can also be heated under an inert 15 atmosphere for a period and at a temperature sufficient to fix the alumoxane,trialkylaluminum compound, complex or catalyst system to the support. Optionally, the treated support component containing alumoxane or the trialkylaluminum compound may be subjected to one or more wash steps to remove alumoxane or trialkylaluminum not fixed to the support.

Besides contacting the support with alumoxane the alumoxane may be generated in situ by contacting an unhydrolyzed silica or alumina or a moistened silica or alumina with a trialkyl aluminum compound optionally in the presence of an inert diluent. Such a process is well known in the art, having been disclosed in EP-A-250,600; U.S.-A-4,912,075; and U.S.-A-5,008,228; the teachings of which, or of the corresponding U.S. application, are hereby incorporated by reference. Suitable aliphatic hydrocarbon diluents include pentane, isopentane, hexane, heptane, octane, isooctane, nonane, isononane, decane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane and combinations of two or more of such diluents. Suitable aromatic hydrocarbon diluents - are benzene, toluene, xylene, and other alkyl or halogen substituted aromatic compounds. Most preferably, the diluent is an aromatic hydrocarbon, especially W 098106728 PCTrUS97/13171 toluene. After preparation in the foregoing manner the residual hydroxyl contentthereof is desirably reduced to a level less than 1.0 meq of OH per gram of support by any of the previously disclosed techniques.

The cocatalysts of the invention may also be used in combination with a 5 tri(hydrocarbyl)a]uminum compound having from I to 10 carbons in each hydrocarbyl group, an oligomeric or polymeric alumoxane compound, a di(hydrocarbyl)(hydrocarbyloxy)aluminum compound having from I to 10 carbons in each hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbyloxy group, or a mixture of the foregoing compounds, if desired. These aluminum compounds are usefully employed for their beneficial 10 ability to scavenge impurities such as oxygen, water, and aldehydes from the polymerization mixture. Preferred aluminum compounds include C2 6 trialkyl aluminum compounds, especially those wherein the alkyl groups are ethyl, propyl,isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, pentyl, neopentyl, or isopentyl, and methylalumoxane, modified methylalumoxane and diisobutylalumoxane. The molar ratio of aluminum compound to metal complex is preferably from 1:10,000 to 1000: 1, more preferably from 1:5000 to 100:1, most preferably from 1:100 to 100:1.

Solution polymerization takes place under conditions in which the diluent acts as a solvent for the respective components of the reaction, particularly the EP or EPDM polymer. Preferred solvents include mineral oils and the various hydrocarbons 20 which are liquid at reaction temperatures. Illustrative examples of useful solvents include alkanes such as pentane, isopentane, hexane, heptane, octane and nonane, as well as mixtures of alkanes including kerosene and Isopar ETM, available from Exxon Chemicals Inc.; cycloalkanes such as cyclopentane and cyclohexane; and aromaticssuch as benzene, toluene, xylenes, ethy]benzene and diethylbenzene.

At all times, the individual ingredients as well as the recovered catalyst components must be protected from oxygen and moisture. Therefore, the catalyst components and catalysts must be prepared and recovered in an oxygen and moisture free atmosphere. Preferably, therefore, the reactions are performed in the presence of a dry, inert gas such as, for example, nitrogen.

W O 98106728 PCT~US97113171 Ethy]ene is added to the reaction vessel in an amount to maintain a differentialpressure in excess of the combined vapor pressure of the oc-olefin and diene monomers. The ethylene content of the polymer is determined by the ratio of ethylene differential pressure to the total reactor pressure. Generally the polymerization process S is carried out with a differential pressure of ethylene of from about 10 to about 1000 psi (70 to 7000 kPa), most preferably from about 40 to about 400 psi (30 to 300 kPa).
The polymerization is generally conducted at a temperature of from 25 to 200~C, preferably from 75 to 170~C, and most preferably from greater than 95 to 140~C.

The polymerization may be carried out as a batchwise or a continuous 10 polymerization process. A continuous process is preferred, in which event catalyst, ethylene, o~-olefin, and optionally solvent and diene are continuously supplied to the reaction zone and polymer product continuous]y removed therefrom. Within the scope of the terms "continuous" and "continuously" as used in this context are those processes in which there are intermittent additions of reactants and removal of 15 products at small regular intervals, so that, over time, the overall process is continuous.

Without limiting in any way the scope of the invention, one means for carrying out such a polymerization process is as follows: In a stirred-tank reactor propylene monomer is introduced continuously together with solvent, diene monomer and - ethylene monomer. The reactor contains a liquid phase composed substantially of 20 ethylene, propylene and diene monomers together with any solvent or additional diluent. If desired~ a small amount of a "H"-branch inducing diene such as norbornadiene, 1,7-octadiene or l,9-decadiene may also be added. Catalyst and cocatalyst are continuously introduced in the reactor liquid phase. The reactor temperature and pressure may be controlled by adjusting the solvent/monomer ratio, 25 the catalyst addition rate, as well as by cooling or heating coils, iackets or both. The polymerization rate is controlled by the rate of catalyst addition. The ethylene content of the polymer product is determined by the ratio of ethylene to propylene in the reactor. which is controlled by manipulating the respective feed rates of these components to the reactor. The polymer product molecular weight is controlled, 30 optionally, by controlling other polymerization variables such as the temperature, monomer concentration, or by a stream of hydrogen introduced to the reactor, as is wel] known in the art. The reactor effluent is contacted with a catalyst kill agent such as water. The po]ymer solution is optionally heated, and the polymer product is recovered by flashing off gaseous ethylene and propylene as well as residual solvent or diluent at reduced pressure, and, if necessary, conducting further devolatilization in equipment such as a devolatilizing extruder. In a continuous process the mean residence time of the catalyst and polymer in the reactor generally is from about 5 minutes to 8 hours, and preferably from 10 minutes to 6 hours.

In a preferred manner of operation, the polymerization is conducted in a continuous solution polymerization system comprising two reactors connected in series or parallel. In one reactor a relatively high molecular weight product (Mw from 300,000 to 600,000, more preferably 400,000 to 500,000) is formed while in the second reactor a product of a relatively low molecular weight (Mw 50,000 to 300,000) is formed. The final product is a blend of the two reactor effluents which are combined prior to devo]ati]ization to result in a uniform blend of the two polymer products. Such ~ dual reactor process allows for the preparation of products having improved properties. In a preferred embodiment the reactors are connected in series, that is effluent from the first reactor is charged to the second reactor and fresh monomer. solvent and hydrogen is added to the second reactor. Reactor conditions are adjusted such that the weight ratio of polymer produced in the first reactor to that produced in the second reactor is from 20:80 to 80:20. In addition the temperature of the second reactor is controlled to produce the lower molecular weight product. This system beneficially allow for production of EPDM products having a large range of Mooney viscosities, as well as excellent strength and processability. Preferably the Mooney viscosity (ASTM D 1646-94, ML 1+4 @ 1 25~C) of the resulting product is adjusted to fall in the range from 1 to 200, preferably from 5 to 150 and most preferably from 10 to 1 10.

The process of the present invention can be employed to advantage in the gas phase copo]ymerization of olefins. Gas phase processes for the polymerization ofolefins, especially the homopolymerization and copolymerization of ethylene and propylene, and the copolymerization of ethylene with higher o~-o]efins such as, for example, I-butene, l-hexene, 4-methyJ-I-pentene are well known in the art. Such processes are used commercially on ~ large scale for the manufacture of high density polyethylene (HDPE), medium density polyethylene (MDPE), linear low density 5 polyethylene (LLDPE) and polypropylene.

The gas phase proces.s employed can be, for example, of the type which employs a mechanically stirred bed or a gas fluidized bed as the polymerization reaction zone. Preferred is the process wherein the polymerization reaction is carried out in a vertical cylindrical polymerization reactor containing a fluidized bed of 10 polymer particles supported or suspended above a perforated plate, the fluidization grid, by a flow of fluidization gas.

The gas employed to fluidize the bed comprises the monomer or monomers to be polymerized, and also serves as a heat exchange medium to remove the heat of reaction from the bed. The hot gases emerge from the top of the reactor, normally via 15 a tranquilization zone, also known as a velocity recluction zone, having a wider diameter than the fluidized bed and wherein fine particles entrained in the gas stream have an opportunity to gravitate back into the bed. It can also be advantageous to use a cyclone to remove ultra-fine particles from the hot gas stream. The gas is then normally recycled to the bed by means of a blower or compressor and one or more heat 20 exchangers to strip the gas of the heat of polymerization.

A preferred method of cooling of the bed, in addition to the cooling provided by the cooled recycle gas, is to feed a volatile liquid to the bed to provide anevaporative cooling effect, often referred to as operation in the condensing mode. The volatile liquid employed in this case can be, for example, a volati]e inert liquid, for 25 example, a saturated hydrocarbon having about 3 to about 8, preferably 4 to 6, carbon atoms. In the case that the monomer or comonomer itself is a volatile liquid, or can be condensed to provide such a liquid, this can suitably be fed to the bed to provide an evaporative cooling effect. Examples of olefin monomers which can be employed inthis manner are olefins containing about three to about eight, preferably three to six Wo 98t06728 PCT/US97/13171 carbon atoms. The volatile li~uid evaporates in the hot fluidized bed to form gas which mixes with the fluidizing gas. ~f the volatile liquid is a monomer or comonomer, it will undergo some polymerization in the bed. The evaporated liquidthen emerges from the reactor as part of the hot recycle gas, and enters the 5 compression/heat exchange part of the recycJe ]oop. The recycle gas is cooled in the heat exchanger and, if the temperature to which the gas is cooled is below the dew point, liquid will precipitate from the gas. This liquid is desirably recycled continuously to the fluidized bed. It is possible to recycle the precipitated liquid to the bed as liquid droplets carried in the recycle gas stream. This type of process is l 0 described, for example in EP 89691; U.S. 4,543,399; WO 94/25495 and U.S.
5,352,749, which are hereby incorporated by reference. A particularly preferred method of recycling the liquid to the bed is to separate the liquid from the recycle gas stream and to reinject this liquid directly into the bed, preferably using a method which generates fine droplets of the liquid within the bed. This type of process is described in BP Chemicals' WO 94/28032, which is hereby incorporated by reference.

The polymerization reaction occurring in the gas fluidized bed is catalyzed by the continuous or semi-continuous addition of catalyst. Such catalyst can be supported on an inorganic or organic support material as described above. The catalyst can also be subjected to a prepolymerization step, for example, by polymerizing a small 20 quantity of olefin monomer in a liquid inert diluent, to provide a catalyst composite comprising catalyst particles embedded in o]efin poiymer particles.

The polymer is produced directly in the fluidized bed by catalyzed copolymerization of the monomer and one or more comonomers on the fluidized particles of catalyst, supported catalyst or prepolymer within the bed. Start-up of the 25 polymerization reaction is achieved using a bed of preformed polymer partic]es, which are preferably similar to the target polyolefin, and conditioning the bed by drying with inert gas or nitrogen prior to introducing the catalyst~ the monomers and any other gases which it is desired to have in the recycle gas stream, such a.s a diluent gas, hydrogen chain transfer agent, or an inert condensable gas when operating in gas phase condensing mode. The produced polymer is discharged continuously or discontinuously from the fluidized bed as desired.

The gas phase processes suitable for the practice of this invention are preferably continuous processes which provide for the continuous supply of reactants S to the reaction zone of the reactor and the removal of products from the reaction zone of the reactor, thereby providing a steady-state environment on the macro scale in the reaction zone of the reactor.

Typically, the fluidi~ed bed of the gas phase process is operated at temperatures greater than 50~C, preferably from about 60~C to about 110~C, more preferably from about 70~C to about 110~C.

Typically the molar ratio of comonomer to monomer used in the polymerization depends upon the desired density for the composition being produced and is about 0.5 or less. Desirably, when producing materials with a density range of from about 0.91 to about 0.93 the comonomer to monomer ratio is tess than 0.2, preferably less than 0.05, even more preferably less than 0.02, and may even be less than 0.01. Typically, the ratio of hydrogen to monomer is less than about O.S, preferably less than 0.2, more preferably less than 0.05, even more preferably less than 0.02 and may even be less than 0.01.

The above-described ranges of process variables are appropriate for the gas phase process of this invention and may be suitable for other processes adaptable to the practice of this invention.

A number of patents and patent applications describe gas phase processes which are adaptable for use in the process of this invention, particularly, U.S. Patents 4,588,790; 4,543,3g9; 5,352,749; S,436,304; 5,405,92~; S,462,999; 5,461,123;

5,453,471; S,032,562; S,028,670; 5,473,028; 5,106,804; and EP applications 659,773;
692.500; and PCT Applications WO 94/29032, WO 94125497, WO 94/25495, WO 94/28032; WO 9S/13305; WO 94/26793; and WO 9S/07942 all of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference.

W O 98/06728 PCTr~S97113171 The catalysts, whether or not supported in any of the foregoing methods, may be used to polymerize ethylenically and/or acetylenically unsaturated monomers having from 2 to 100,000 carbon atoms either alone or in combination. Preferred monomers include the C2 20 o~-olefins especially ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, 5 l-butene, I-pentene, l-hexene, 3-methyl-1-pentene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, I-octene, I-decene, long chain macromolecular (x-olefins, and mixtures thereof. Other preferred monomers include styrene, Cl 4 alkyl substituted styrene, tetrafluoroethylene, vinylbenzocyclobutane, ethylidenenorbornene, 1,4-hexadiene, 1,7-octadiene, vinylcyclohexane, 4-vinylcyclohexene, divinylbenzene, and mixtures thereof with 10 ethylene. Long chain macromolecular oc-olefins are vinyl terminated polymericremnants formed in situ during continuous solution polymerization reactions. Under suitable processing conditions such long chain macromolecular units are readily polymerized into the polymer product along with ethylene and other short chain olefin monomers to give small quantities of long chain branching in the resulting polymer.

The cata]ysts may also be utilized in combination with at least one additional homogeneous or heterogeneous polymerization catalyst in the same or in separate reactors connected in series or in parallel to prepare polymer blends having desirable properties. An example of such a process is disclosed in WO 94/00500, equivalent to U.S. Serial Number 07/904,770, as well as U.S. Serial Number 08/10958, filed January 29, 1993, the teachings or which are hereby incorporated by reference herein.

For the preferred polyolefin polymer compositions of this invention, which may be produced by the polymerization processes of this invention using the catalyst systems of this invention, the long chain branch is longer than the short chain branch that results from the incorporation of one or more oc-olefin comonomers into the25 polymer backbone. The empirical effect of the presence of long chain branching in the copolymers of this invention is manifested as enhanced rheological properties which are indicated by higher flow activation energies, and greater I~ than expected from the other structural properties of the compositions.

W O 98/06728 PCTrUS97/13171 Further, highly preferred po}yolefin copolymer compositions of this invention have reverse molecular architecture, that is, there is a molecu]ar weight maximum which occurs in that 50 percent by weight of the composition which has the highest weight percent comonomer content. Even more preferred are polyolefin copolymer 5 compositions which also have long chain branches along the polymer backbone, especially when produced with a catalyst system of this invention having a single metallocene complex of this invention in a single reactor in a process for the polymerization of an o~-o]efin monomer with one or more olefin comonomers, more especially when the process is a continuous process.

Measurement of comonomer content vs lo~e molecular wei~ht by GPCIFTIR

The comonomer content as a function of molecular weight can be measured by coupling a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) to a Waters l 50~C GelPermeation Chromatograph (GPC). The setting up, calibration and operation of this system together with the method for data treatment has been described previously (L.J.
15 Rose et al, "Characterisation of Polyethylene Copolymers by Coupled GPC/FTIR" in "Characterisation of Copolymers", Rapra Technology, Shawbury UK, 1995, ISBN 1-85957-048-86.) In order to characterize the degree to which the comonomer is concentrated in the high molecular weight part of the polymer, the GPCIFTIR is used to calculate a parameter named comonomer partition factor, Cpf. Mn and Mw are also 20 determined using standard techniques from the GPC data.

ComonomerPartitionin Factor (GPC-FTIR) The comonomer partitioning factor Cpf is calculated from GPCIFTIR data. It characterizes the ratio of the average comonomer content of the higher molecularweight fractions to the average comonomer content of the lower mo1ecular weight 25 fractions. Higher and lower molecular weight are defined as being above or below the median molecular weight respectively, that is, the molecular weight distribution is divided into two parts of equal weight. Cpf is calculated from the following equation:

W O 98/06728 PCT~US97tl3171 "

r?
~ l'r ~I
Cpf = j=~ i i ,where: cj is the mole fraction comonomer content and wj is the ", ,~, "i normalized weight fraction as determined by GPC/FTIR for the n FTIR data points above the median molecular weight, cj is the mole fraction comonomer content and w is the normalized weight fraction as determined by GPCIF;~IR for the m FTIR data5 points below the median molecular weight. Only those weight fractions, Wi or wj which have associated mole fraction comonomer content values are used to calculate Cpf. For a valid calculation, it is required that n and m are greater than or equal to 3.
FTIR data corresponding to molecular weight fractions below 5.000 are not included in the calculation due to the uncertainties present in such data.

For the polyolefin copolymer compositions of this invention, Cpf desirably is equal to or greater than 1.10, more desirably is equal to or greater than 1.15. even more desirably is equal to or greater than 1.20, preferably is equal to or greater than 1.30, more preferably is e~ual to or greater than 1.40, even more preferably is equal to or greater than 1.50, and still more preferably is equal to or greater than 1.60.

ATREF-DV has been described in U.S. Patent No. 4,798,081, which is hereby incorporated by reference, and in "Determination of Short-Chain Branching Distributions of Ethylene copolymers by Automated Analytical Temperature Rising Elution Fractionation" (Auto-ATREF), J. of Appl Pol Sci: Applied Polymer Symposium 45, 25-37 (1990). ATREF-DV is a dual detector analytical system that is capa~le of fractionating semi-crystalline polymers like Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) as a function of crystallization temperature while simultaneously estimating the molecular weight of the fractions. With regard to the fractionation, ATREF-DV is analogous to Temperature Rising Elution Fractionation W O 98t06728 PCTrUS97/13171 (TREF) analysis that have been published in the open literature over the past 15 years.
The primary difference is that this Analytical -TREF(ATREF) technique is done on a small scale and fractions are not actual]y isolated. Instead. a typical ]iquid chromatographic (LC) mass detector, such as an infrared single frequency detector, is 5 used to quantify the crystallinity distribution as a function of elution temperature. This distribution can then be transforrned to any number of alternative domains such as short branching frequency, comonomer distribution, or possibly density. Thus, this transformed distribution can then be interpreted according to some structural variable like comonomer content, although routine use of ATREF for comparisons of various10 LLDPE's is often done directly in the elution temperature domain.

To obtain ATREF-DV data, a commercially available viscometer especially adapted for LC analysis, such as a ViskotekTM is coupled with the IR mass detector.
Together these two LC detectors can be used to calculate the intrinsic viscosity of the ATREF-DV eluant. The viscosity average molecular weight of a given fraction can 15 then be estimated using appropriate Mark Houwink constants, the correspondingintrinsic viscosity. and suitable coefficients to estimate the fractions concentration (dl/g) as it passes through the detectors. Thus, a typical ATREF-DV report will provide the weight fraction polymer and viscosity average molecular weight as a function of elution temperature. Mpf is then calculated using the equation given.

Molecular Wei~ht Partitionin~ Factor The molecular weight partitioning factor Mpf is calculated from TREFIDV
data. It characteri~es the ratio of the average molecular weight of the fractions with high comonomer content to the average molecular weight of the fractions with lowcomonomer content. Higher and lower comonomer content are defined as being below2~ or above the median elution temperature of the TREF concentration plot respectively, that is, the TREF data is divided into two parts of equal weight. Mpf is calculated from the following equation:

--gl--W O 98/06728 PCTnUS97113171 ~ .. j M j i=l ~ "i r=l nl Mpf = p~l J Mj ,where: Mj is the viscosity average molecular weight and Wi is n1 J=
the norma]ized weight fraction as determined by ATREF-DV for the n data points in the fractions below the median elution temperature. Mj is the viscosity average molecular weight and wj is the normalized weight fraction as determined by ATREF-5 DV for the m data points in the fractions above the median elution temperature. Onlythose weight fractions, Wi or wj which have associated viscosity average molecular weights greater than zero are used to calculate Mpf. For a valid calculation, it is required that n and m are greater than or equal to 3.

For the polyolefin copolymer compositions of this invention, Mpf desirably is equal to or greater than 1.15, more desirably is equal to or ~reater than 1.30, even more desirably is equal to or greater than 1.40, preferably is equal to or greater than 1.50, more preferably is equal to or greater than 1.60, even more preferably is equal to or greater than 1.70.

Examples The skilled artisan will appreciate that the invention disclosed herein may be practiced in the absence of any component which has not been specifically disclosed.
The following examples are provided as further illustration of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting. Unless stated to the contrary all parts and percentages are expressed on a weight basis.

General Considerations. All experiments involving organometallic compounds were carried out using drybox techniques. Solvents (THF, hexane toluene diethylether) were purified by passing through alumina and Q5 columns. C6D6 was dried under over Na/K alloy and vacuum distilled before use. NMR spectra were measured on a Varian XL-300 (FT 300 MHz, lH; 75 MHz, 13C). IH NMR and 13c{ IH) NMR

W O 98/06728 PCT~US97/13171 spectra are referenced to the residual solvent peaks and are reported in ppm relative to tetramethylsilane. All ~ values are given in Hz. Mass spectra (EI) were obtained on the AutoSpecQFDP. ]-indanone, n-BuLi, Me2SiCl2, NH2-t-Bu, NEt3 and MeMgI
were purchased from Aldrich Chemical Co. All compounds were used as received.

- 5 N-(lH-2-indenyl)-N,N-dimethylamine (Acta Chenl. Scand., 1973, 27, 4027), l-(lH-2-indenyl)-pyrrolidine(Acta Chem. Scand., 1973, 27, 4027), 2-ethoxy-lH-indene(J. Am. Chem. So., ]954, 106, 14), and tert-butyl-(lH-2-indenyloxy)-dimethylsilane (Organometallics, 1996, 15, 2450) were prepared by literature procedures.

~ ~ N\Me (1) Preparation of N-(lH-2-indenyl)-N,N-dimethylamine, lithium salt, (1). In the drybox 11.93 g (75.92 mmol) of N-(lH-2-indenyl)-N,N-dimethylamine was dissolved in mixture of 200 mL of ether and 100 mL of hexane. To this solution 51.51 mL
(82.42 mmol) of n-BuLi (1.6 M) was added dropwise. Upon complete addition of thefl-BuLi the solution was stirred overnight. The resulting off-white precipitate was collected via filtration, washed with 100 mL of ether and dried under reduced pressure to give 10.22 g of product. Yield 83 percent.

Cx~ \
\
HN~ 3u (2) CA 02262377 l999-02-02 W O 98/06728 PCTrUS97/13171 Preparation of N2,N2,-dimethyl- 1 -(1 -(terJ-butylamino)- 1,1 -dimethylsilyl)- 1 H-2-indenamine, (2). A solution of N-(lH-2-indenyl)-N,N-dimethylamine, lithium salt (2.07 g, 12.53 mmol) in 40 mL of THF was added within 30 minutes to a 30 mL THF
solution of N-(lert-butyl)-N-(I-chloro-l,l-dimethylsilyl)amine. The reaction mixture 5 was stirred for 7 hours and then the solvent was removed in vacuum. The product was extracted with 30 m~ of hexane and the solution was filtered through a medium size glass frit. Hexane was removed under reduced pressure leaving 3.48 g of product as a white solid. Yield 96 percent.

IH (C6D6) o-0.01 (s, 3H), 0.11 (s, 3H), 1.00 (s, IH), 1.09 (s, 9H), 2.43 (s, 6H), 3.40 (s, IH), 5.63 (s, IH), 7.08 (t, IH, 3JH-H = 7.1 Hz), 7.23-7.32 (m, 2H). 7.40 (d, IH, 3JH-H = 7.4 H~).

13C( IH}(C6D6) o -0.75, 0.39, 34.08, 42.44, 45.23, 49.47, 102.42, 118.31, 120.46, 122.63, 125.49, 140.45, 146.08, 161.75.

\M

i LiN--t-Bu (3) Preparation of N2,N2,-dimethyl-1-(1-(tert-butylamino)-1,1-dimethylsilyl)-lH-2-indenamine, dilithium salt, (3). In the drybox 3.48 g (12.06 mmol) of N2,N2,-dimethyl- 1 -(1 -(tert-butylamino)- 1,1 -dimethylsilyl)- 1 H-2-indenamine was dissolved in 80 mL of hexane. To this solution 18.0 mL (28.8 mmol) of n-BuLi (1.6 M) was added 20 dropwise. Upon complete addition of the n-BuLi the solution was stirred overnight.
The resulting precipitate was collected via filtration, washed with 50 mL of hexane and dried under reduced pressure to give 3.40 g of white solid. Yield 94 percent.

W O 98/06728 PCTrUS97/13171 /~ N--CH3 H3C,~S~ Tj~CH3 H3C1~

(4) Preparation of dichloro(N-( I, I -dimethylethyl)- I,1 -dimethyl- I -((1,2,3,3a,7a~
2-dimethylamino- I H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato-(2-)-N-)-titanium, (4). N2,N2,-S Dimethyl- I -( I -(tert-butylamino)- I, I -dimethylsilyl)- I H-2-indenamine, dilithium salt (3.40 g, 11.3 mmol) dissolved in 30 mL of THF was added within 2 minutes to a suspension of TiC13(THF)3 (4.19 g, 1] .3 mmol) in 60 mL of THF. After I hour of mixing, PbC12 (2.04 g, 7.34 mmol) was added as a solid. The reaction mixture was stirred an additional 1.5 hours. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The 10 residue was extracted with 70 rnL of toluene and filtered through a medium size glass frit. Toluene was removed under reduced pressure and the residue was triturated with SO mL of hexane. The brown-red solid was collected by filtration, washed with hexane (2 x 30 mL), then dried under reduced pressure to give 3.22 g of product as a brown-red solid. Yield 70 percent.

IS IH (C6D6) oO.48 (s, 3H), 0.64 (s, 3H), 1.28-1.5 (br, 6H)~ 1.38 (~, 9H), 3.19 (m, 2H), 3.58 (m, 3H), 5.92 (s, IH), 6.98 (t, IH, 3JH-H = 7.5 Hz), 7.09 (t, lH, 3JH-H =
7.5 Hz), 7.52 (d, IH, 3JH-H = 8.5 Hz), 7.63 (d, IH, 3JH-H = 8.7 Hz).

13C{ IH~(C6D6) o 1.35, 4.15, 24.35, 26.14, 32.88, 51.62, 61.46, 92.92, 111.79, 125.08, 128.67, 128.92, 135.42, I S I .O9.

W O 98/06728 PCT~US97/13171 /~ N~ CH3 ~ CH3 H3C 1~

(S) Preparation of (N-( l,1 -dimethylethyl)- I,1 -dimethyl- I -((1,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-dimethylamino- I H-inden- ] -yl)silanaminato-(2-)-N-)-dimethyl-titanium, (5). In the S drybox 0.60 g of dichloro(N-(I,I-dimethylethyl)-l,l-dimethyl-1-((1,2,3,3a,7a-r~)-2-dimethylamino-lH-inden-l-yl)silanaminato-(2-)-N-)-titanium (1.48 mmol) was dissolved in 35 mL of Et2O. To this solution 1.00 mL (3.00 mmol) of MeMgI (3.0 M) was added dropwise with stirring over a 5 minute period. The solution changed color from deep brown to green-yellow. After the addition of MeMgI was completed, the 10 solution was stirred for 60 minutes. The Et2O was removed under reduced pressure and the residue was extracted with hexane (2 x 20 rnL), the solution was filtered and the filtrate was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure to give 0.29 g (53percent yield) of yellow-green solid.

1H (C6D6) ~ 0.01 (s, 3H), 0.58 (s, 3H), 0.63 (s, 3H), 0.98 (s, 3H), 1.52 (s, 9H), 15 2.45 (s, 6H), 6.17 (s, lH), 6.88 (t, IH, 3JII-H= 7.6 Hz), 7.12 (t, IH, 3JH-H= 8.0 Hz), 7.40 (d, 1 H, 3JH-H = 8.3 Hz), 7.50 (d, IH, 3JH-H = 8.32 Hz).

13c~ 1H}(C6D6) ~ 5.55, 6.71, 34.65, 45.87, 51.00, 57.97, 58.29, 79.96, 95.64, 124.23, 124.96. 125.46, 126.95, 130.31, 131.87, 161.99.

W O 98/06728 PCT~US97/13171 ~N~

(6) Preparation of l-(lH-2-indenyl)pyrrolidine, lithium salt, (6). In the drybox 15.2 g (82.2 mmol~ of 2-pyrrolidino-indene was dissolved in a mixture of 150 mL of S toluene and 200 mL of ether. To this solution 53.84 mL (86.16 mmol) of n-BuLi ~1.6 M) was added dropwise at room temperature. Upon complete addition of the n-BuLi the solution was stirred overnight. The resulting off-white precipitate was collected via filtration, washed with 70 mL of hexane and dried under reduced pressure to give 15.29 g of product. Yield 97.5 percent.

~N~

5i_ Me HN--~-Bu (7) Preparation of N-(ter~-butyl)-N-( I, I -dimethyl-2-(2-tetrahydro- ] H- I -pyrrolyl-lH-I-indenyl)silyl)amine, (7). A solution of l-(lH-2-indenyl)pyrrolidine, lithium salt (5.0 g, 26.15 mmol) in 50 mL of THF was added within 10- 15 minutes to a 50 mL
15 THF solution of N-(tert-butyl)-N-( I -chloro- I, I -dimethylsilyl)amine (4.98 g, 30.07 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred overnight and then the solvent was removed in under vacuum. The product was extracted with 40 mL of hexane and the solutionwas filtered through a medium size glass frit. Hexane was removed under reduced pressure leaving 7.81 g of product as a white solid. Yield 95 percent.

W 098/06728 PCT~US97/13171 IH (C6D6) ~ -0.01 (s, 3H), 0.07 (s, 3H), 1.02 (s, IH), 1.10 (s, 9H), 1.55 (m, 4H), 2.77 (m, 2H), 3.06 (m, 2H), 3.39 (s, IH), 5.59 (s, IH), 7.05 (t, lH, 3JH-H = 7 4 Hz), 7.27 (m, 2H), 7.40 (d, lH, 3JH-H = 7.4 Hz).
13C{ IH~(C6D6) o -0.38, 0.52, 25.21, 34.11, 46.35, 49.55, 50.43, 100.07, S 117.89, 119.85, 122.46, 125.51, 139.99, 146.46, 159.04.

Li~

~N~l Si--Me M~--LiN--t-Bu (8) Preparation of N-(1,1-Dimethy]ethyl)-l,l-dimethyl-1-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-lH-inden-l-yl)silanamine, dilithium salt, (8). In the drybox 4.56 g (14.51 mmol) of N-10 ( I,1 -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -(2-(1 -pyrrolidinyl)- I H-inden- 1 -yl)silanamine was dissolved in 80 mL of hexane. To this solution 18.75 mL (30 mmol) of ~7-BuLi (1.6 M) was added dropwise. Upon complete addition of the n-BuLi the solution was - stirred overnight. The resulting precipitate was collected via fi]tration, washed with 50 mL of hexane and dried under reduced pressure to give 4.50 g of white solid. Yield 15 95 percent.

\--N~>
H3C' '~ S~ Ti H3C1~

(9) , ~, W O 98/06728 PCTrUS97/13171 Preparation of dichloro(N-( I, I -dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -((1,2,3,3a,7a~
2-(1 -pyrrolidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)silan~min~o-(2-)-N-)-titanium, (9). N-( l, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -(2-(1 -pyrrolidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanamine, dilithium salt (4.50 g, 13.79 mmol) dissolved in 50 mL of THF was added within 2minutes to a suspension of TiC13(THF)3 (5. I l g, 13.79 mmol) in 60 mL of THF.
After I hour of mixing, PbC12 (2.49 g, 8.96 mmol) was added as a solid. The reaction mixture was stirred for an additional I hour. The solvent was then removed underreduced pressure. The residue was extracted with 70 mL of toluene and filtered through a medium size glass frit. The toluene was removed under reduced pressure10 and the residue was triturated with 50 mL of hexane. The black-gray solid wascollected by filtration, washed with hexane (2 x 30 rnL) and then dried under reduced pressure. 4.3 g of product was obtained as a brown-red solid. Yield 7Z percent.

I H (C6D6) a 0.51 (s, 3H), 0.72 (s, 3H), 1.29 ~m, 4H), 1.41 (s, gH), 2.99 (m, 2H), 3.17 ~m, 2H), 5.99 (s, lH), 6.92 (t, IH, 3JH-H = 7.8 Hz), 7.12 (t, IH, 3JH-H = 7 7 Hz), 7.32 (d, IH, 3JH-H = 8.2 Hz), 7.70 (d, lH, 3JH-H = 8.6 Hz).

13C{ IH ~ (C6D6) â 6.20, 6 77, 25.68, 32.89, 52.81, 61.6], 84.45, 96.57, 125.77, 125.89, 126.79, 127.80, 133.47, 134.13, 160.00.

\--N~
H3CI~s~ ~CH

H3Cl~CH

(10) Preparation of (N-( l, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- 1 -((1,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(1 -pyrrolidinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato-(2-)-N-)-dimethyl-titanium, (10). In the drybox 0.60 g of dichloro(N-(I,I-dimethylethyl)-l,l-dimethyl-1-((1,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-(l-_99 _ W 098/06728 PCT~US97/13171 pyrrolidinyl)-lH-inden-l-yl)silanaminato-(2-)-N-)-titanium (1.39 mmol) was dissolved in 40 mL of Et2O. To this solution 0.975 mL (2.92 mmol) of MeMgI (3.0 M) was added dropwise while stirring over a 5 minute period. The solution changed colorfrom deep brown to green-yel}ow. After the addition of MeMgI was completed, the S solution was stirred for 60 minutes. The Et2O was then removed under reduced pressure and the residue was extracted with hexane (2 x 20 mL), the solution wasfiltered and the filtrate was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure to give 0.39 g (72 percent yield) of a yellow-orange solid.

1~ (C6D6) o 0.02 (s, 3H), 0.56 (s, 3H), 0.68 (s, 3H), 1.00 (s, 3H), 1.41 (m, 4H), 1.53 (s, 9H), 2.88 (m, 2H), 3.05 (m, 2H), 6.19 (s, IH), 6.89 (t, IH, 3JH-H= 7.7 Hz), 7.14 (t, IH, 3JH-H= 8.5 Hz), 7.43 (d, IH, 3JH-H= 8.3 Hz), 7.56 (d, IH, 3JH-H=
8.6 Hz).

13C { 1 H } (C6D6) o 6.33, 7.17, 25.05, 34.72, 50.69, 53.75, 57.80, 58.01, 78.90, 94.44, 123.96, 124.87, 125.29, 126.67, 130.16, 131.7g, 158.86.

N

H~C

(11) Preparation of dichloro~N-( l, I -dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -((1,2,3,3a.7a~
2-(1 -pyrrolidinyl)- I H-inden- 1 -yl)sil~n:~nni n~to-(2-)-N-)-zirconium . N-( l, I -20 Dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -(2-(1 -pyrro]idinyl)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanamine, dilithium salt (3.00 g, 9.60 mmol) was added slowly as a solid to a slurry of ZrC14 (2.24 g, 9.60 mmol) in toluene (100 mL). This mixture was then allowed to stir Wo 98/06728 ~cTluss7ll3l7 overnight. After the reaction period the mixture was filtered and the volatiles were removed resulting in the isolation of the desired product as a gold microcrystalline solid (3.02 g, 68 percent yield).

lHNMR(C6D6)oO.54(s, 3H), 0.69(s, 3H), 1.3-l.5(m, 4H), 1.34(s, 9 - 5 H). 3.0-3.1(m, 4H), 5.81(s,1H), 6.98(t,1H,3JHH=8.16Hz), 7.10(t,1H, 3JHH=8.01), 7.32 (d, IH, 3JHH=8.25 Hz), 7.70 (d, IH, 3J~IH=8 49 Hz).

13C NMR (C6D6): o 6.72, 7.09, 25.19, 33.35, 53.30, 56.04, 78.34, 90.38, 125.03, 126.31, 126.47, 128.50, 129.84, 131.71, 159.18.

N

3 l~C H3 l 0 H3C

(12) Preparation of (N-( l, I -Dimethylethyl)- I,1 -dimethyl- I -((1,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(1 -pyrrolidinyl)- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato-(2-)-N-)-dimethyl-zirconium, (12).
Dichloro(N-( l, I -dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -((1,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-( l -pyrrolidinyl)-lH-inden-1-yl)silanaminato-(2-)-N-)-zirconium (0.86 g, 1.81 mmol) was stirred indiethylether (50 mL) as MeMgBr (3.98 mmol, 1.33 mL of a 3.0 M solution in diethylether) was added slowly. This mixture was then allowed to stir overnight.After the reaction period the volatiles were removed and the residue was extracted and filtered using hexane. Removal of the hexane resulted in the isolation of the desired product as a pale yellow solid (0.51 g, 65 percent yield).

IH NMR (C61:)6) o -0.52 ~s, 3 H), 0.36 (s, 3 H), 0.61 (s, 3 H), 0.71 (s, 3 ~ H). 1.3-1.6 (m, 4 H), 1.40 (s, 9 H), 2.8-3.0 (m, 2 H), 3.0-3.2 (m, 2 H), 5.92 (s, 1 WO 98106728 PCTlU$97fl3171 H), 6.96 (t, IH, 3JHH= 8.10 Hz), 7.10 (t, IH, 3JHH= 7.98 Hz), 7.36 (d, lH 3JHH=
8.19 Hz), 7.68 (d, 1 H, 3JHH = 8.25 Hz).

13CNMR(C6D6)o6.90, 7.45, 24.72, 34.51, 35.13, 40.83, 53.86, 54.61, 75.97, 88.62, 124.05, 124.45, 125.02, 127.26, 131.44, 15g.02.

~OEt (13) Preparation of 2-ethoxy-lH-indene, lithium sa]t, (13). In the drybox 3.85 g (24.03 mmol) 2-ethoxy-lH-indene was dissolved in 100 mL of hexane. To this solution 19.5 mL (31.24 mmol) of n-BuLi (1.6 M) was added dropwise. Upon complete addition of the n-BuLi the solution was stirred overnight. The resulting off-white precipitate was col]ected via filtration, washed with 50 mL of hexane and dried under reduced pressure to give 3.91 g of product. Yield 98 percent.

~OEt Si--Me Me~ l HN t-Bu (14) Preparation of N-( l . I -dimethylethyl)- 1, I -dimethyl - I -(2-ethoxy- I H-inden- 1 -yl)silanamine, (14). A solution of 2-ethoxy-lH-indene, lithium salt (3.91 g, 23.5 mmol) in 40 mL of THF was added dropwise to a 80 mL THF solution of N-(tert-20 butyl)-N-(I-chloro-l,l-dimethylsilyl)amine. The reaction mixture was stirred overnight and then solvent was removed in vacuum. The product was extracted with - 1 0 2 -.. ... .

30 mL of hexane and the solution was filtered through a medium size gla.ss frit.Hexane was removed under reduced pressure leaving 6.45 g of product as a yellow oil.
Yield 94.7 percent.
IH (C6D6) ~ 0.09 (s, 3H), 0.14 (s, 3H), 1.10 (m, IH), 1.09 (s, 9H), I .10 (m, ~ 5 3H), 3.39 (s, lH), 3.62 (m, 2H), 5.59 (s, lH), 7.09 (t, IH, 3JH-H = 7.3 Hz), 7.27 (m, 2H), 7.38 (d, IH, 3JH-H = 7.4 Hz).

13C { I H ~ (C6D6) ~ 0.21, 0.41, 14.86, 34.08, 45.52, 49.61, 65.49, 98.11, 119.20, 121.75, 123.04, 125.51, 138.28, 144.80, 168.87.

~OEt Me LiN--t-Bu (15) Preparation of N-( l, I -dimethylethyl!- I, I -dimethyl- I -(2-ethoxy- I H-inden- l -yl)silanamine, dilithium salt, (15). In the drybox 6.45 g (22.28 mmol) of N-(l,l-dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -(2-ethoxy- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanamine was combined with 120 mL of hexane. To this solution 32 mL (51.2 mmol) of t2-BuLi (1.6 M) was15 added dropwise. Upon complete addition of the n-BuLi the solution was stirredovernight. The resulting precipitate was collected via filtration, washed with hexane (2 x30 mL) to give 4.52 g (67 percent yield) of an off-white solid.

/~--OEt H3C,~S~

H3C 1~

(16) Preparation of dichloro(N-( l, I -dimethylethyl)~ dimethyl- I -((1,2,3,3a,7a~
2-ethoxy- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato-(2-)-N-)-titanium, (16). N-( l,1 -dimethylethyl)-S 1,1-dimethyl-1-(2-ethoxy-lH-inden-l-yl)silanamine, dilithium salt (4.52 g, IS.0 mmol) dissolved in 40 mL of THF was added within 10 minutes to a suspension of TiC13(THF)3 (5.56 g, I S.0 mmol) in 70 mL of THF. After I hour of mixing, PbC12 (2.71 g, g.75 mmol) was added as a solid. The reaction mixture was stirred an additional hour. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue wasextracted with 70 mL of toluene and filtered through a medium size glass frit. Toluene was removed under reduced pressure and the residue was triturated with 40 mL of hexane. The red-brown solid was collected by filtration, washed with hexane (2 x 25 mL) and then dried under reduced pressure. The yield of product was 2.65 g, 44 percent.

lH (C6D6) o 0.58 (s, 3H), 0.67 (s, 3H), 1.02 (t, 3H, 3JH-~I = 6.8 Hz), 1.38 (s, 9H), 3.57 (m, IH). 4.19 (m, IH), 6.03 (s, IH), 6.96 (t, IH, 3JH-H = 7.6 Hz), 7.11 (t, IH, 3JH-H = 7.8 Hz), 7.25 (d, IH, 3JH-H = 8.3 Hz), 7.55 (d, IH, 3JH-H = 8.2 Hz).

13c~ I H}(C6D6) o 4.19, 4.89, 14.46, 32.63, 62.41, 66.73, 83.88, 98.92, 125.92, 127.25, 127.36, 128.58, 129.58, 132.04, 164.08.

HRMS (EI. M+): calcd 405.0565, found 405.0563.

W O 98/06728 PCT~US97/13171 /~--OEt H3CI~S~ Ti;;~CH3 H3C1~

(17) Preparation of (N-( I ,1 -dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a-1l)-2-ethoxy- I H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato-(2-)-N-)-dimethyl-titanium, ( 17). In the drybox 0.40 g of dichloro(N-( I, I -dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -((1 ,2,3,3a,7a-1~)-2-ethoxy-lH-inden-l-yl)silanaminato-(2-)-N-)-titanium (0.98 mmol) was dissolved in 50 mL of Et2O. To this solution 0.69 mL (2.07 mmol) of MeMg~ (3.0 M) was added dropwise with stirring over a 5 minute period. After the addition of MeMgI was complete, the solution was stirred for 1 hour. Then the Et2O was removed under reduced pressure 10 and the residue was extracted with hexane (3 x 35 mL), the solution was filtered and the filtrate was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure to give 0.28 g (78 percent yield) of yellow solid.

I H (C6D6) o -0.02 (s, 3H), 0.5g (s, 3H), 0.69 (s, 3H), 0.89 (s, 3H), 0.99 (t, 3H, 3JH-H = 6.9 Hz) 1.52 (s, 9H), 3.59 (m, 2H), 6.1 1 (s, lH), 6.92 (t, IH, 3JH-H = 7.6 Hz), 15 7.14 ~t, IH, 3JH-H= 8.5 Hz), 7.41 (d, IH, 3JH-H= 8.3 Hz), 7.46 (d, IH, 3JH-H= 8.5 3Iz).

13C{ IH}(C6D6) â 5.22, 5.78, 14.65, 34.60, 50.03, 57.52, 58.18, 65.69, 77.18, 93.53, 124.66, 125.04, 125.39, 127.32, 126.89, 163.47.

~ OSiMe2 t-Bu (18) W 098106728 PCTrUS97/13171 Preparation of tert-butyl(lH-2-indenyloxy)dimethylsilane, lithium salt, (18). Inthe drybox 5.0 g (20.2 mmol) of te~t-butyl(lH-2-indenyloxy)dimethylsilane was combined with 200 mL of hexane. To this solution 10.1 mL (20.2 mmol) of n-BuLi (2.0 M) was added dropwise. Upon complete addition of the n-BuLi the solution was S stirred overnight. The resulting precipitate was collected via by filtration, washed with hexane and dried under reduced pressure to give 4.20 g of product. Yield 82percent.

~OSiMe2t-Bu (19) Preparation of (2-((1 -(tert-butyl~- l, I -dimethylsilyl)oxy)- 1 H- 1 -indenyl)(chloro)dimethyl-silane, (19). A solution of tert-butyl(lH-2-indenyloxy)dimethylsilane, lithium salt (4.20 g, 16.64 mmol) in 25 mL of THF was added within 30 minutes to a 50 mL THF solution containing SiMe2C12 (32.2 g, 249 mmol). After the addition was complete the reaction mixture was stirred overnight.
IS The solvent was then removed under redeuced pressure. The residue was extracted with hexane and the solution was filtered. The solvent was then removed under reduced pressure leaving 5.44 g of product. Yield 96 percent.

IH (C6D6) ~ 0.03 (s, 3H), 0.15 (s, 3H), 1.52 (m, 4H), 3.14 (m, 4H), 3.43 ~s, IH), 5.14 (s, lH), 7.24 (m, 2H), 7.23 (m,2H), 7.60 (m, 2H).

13C~ IH}(c6D6) ~ -0.75, 0.48, 25.51, 42.72, 50.52, 100.02, 103.77. 121.18, 121.29, 124.30, 124.70, 125.58, 141.29, 144.61, 150.50.

W 098/06~28 PCT~US97/13171 OSlMe2t-Bu Me~ ~i--Me HN--t-Bu (20) Preparation of N-(tert-butyl)-N-( 1-(2~ -(tert-butyl)- I ,1 -dimethylsilyl)oxy)-5 lH-I-indenyl~-l,l-dimethylsilyl)amine, (20). In the dry box 5.44 g of (2-((1-(telAt-butyl)- I, I -dimethylsilyl)oxy)- I H- I -indenyl)(chloro)dimethyl-silane ( 15.92 mmol) was combined with 150 mL of hexane. To this solution NEt3 ~1.95 g, 19.25 mmol) and NH2t-Bu (1.41 g, 19.25 mmol) were added and the solution was stirred overnight.
The reaction mixture was filtered and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to give 5.31 g of product. Yield 88 percent.

IH (CDC13) ~ 0.1 1 (s, 3H), 0.14 (s, 3H), 0.38 (s, 6H), 1.08 (s, 9H), 1.25 (s, 9H), 3.43 (s, IH), 5.88 (s, IH), 7.14 (m, IH), 7.23 (m,2H), 7.58 (m, lH).

b~OSiMe2t-Bu Si--Me LiN--t-Bu (21) Preparation of N-(~ert-butyl)-N-( 1-(2-((1 -(tert-butyl)- I, I -dimethylsilyl)oxy)-I H- I -indenyl)- I, I -dimethylsilyl)amine, dilithium salt, (21). N-(tert-buty])-N-( 1-(2-((1-(tert-butyl)- 1,1 -dimethylsilyl)oxy)- I H- I -indenyl)- I, I -dimethylsilyl)amine (3.00 g, 8.63 mmol) was stirred in hexane (100 mL) as n-BuLi (17.4 mmol, 8.70 mL of a 2.0M solution in cyclohexane) was added slowly. This mixture was then allowed to stir overnight during which time a white solid precipitated. After the reaction period the desired product was collected via by filtration, washed with hexane, and dried under 5 vacuum resulting in the isolation of a white solid which was used without further purification or analysis (1.58 g, 51 percent yield).

/~~OSiMe2t-Bu H3CI ~S~ CI

~3C 3 (22) Preparation of dichloro(N-( I ,1 -dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -(( I ,2,3,3a,7a~
2-( Dimethyl-~-butylsiloxy)- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato-(2-)-N-)-titanium, (22). N-( 1, I -Dimethylethyl)- I ,1 -dimethyl- I -(2-dimethyl-t-butylsiloxy- I H-inden- 1-yl)silanamine, dilithium salt (1.58 g, 4.40 mmol) in THF (30 mL) was added dropwise to a slurry of TiC13(THF)3 ( 1.63 g, 4.40 mmol) in THF ( 100 mL) at 0~C.
This mixture was then allowed to stir at room temperature for 2 hours. PbC12 (0.65 g, 2.35 mmol) was then added to the mixture as a solid which was then allowed to stir for an additional hour. After the reaction period the volatiles were removed and theresidue was extracted and filtered using toluene. Removal of the toluene resulted in the isolation of a red/orange residue which was redissolved in hexane and filtered.
20 Removal of the hexane resulted in the isolation of the desired product as an orange solid (1.27 g, 62 percent yield).

IH NMR (CDC13) ~ 0.34 (s, 3 H), 0.44 (s, 3 H), 0.75 (s, 3 H), 0.87 (s, 3H~, 0.98 (s, 9 H), 1.40(s, 9H), 6.56 (s, 1 H), 7.21 (t, 3JH-H= 7.68 Hz, I H), 7.35 (t, W O 98106728 PCTrUS97113171 3JH-~I = 7.95 Hz, I H), 7.56 (d, 3JH-H = 8.28 Hz, I H), 7.65 (d, 3JH-H = 8.73 Hz, H).

13C NMR (CDC13) o -3.77, -3.38, 4.40, 5.14, 18.80, 25.84, 32.39, 62.53, 86.17, 104.44, 125.48, 126.7~, 126.94, 128.11, 129.10, 131.26, 161.07.

, ~=~

/~~OSiMe2t-Bu H3C'l~ Si H3C \ ~ ~CH3 H3C ~

(23) Preparation of (N-( l,1 -Dimethylethyl)- 1, I -dimethyl- I -((1,2,3,3a,7a- ~)-2-(dimethyl-t-butylsiloxy)- 1 H-inden- 1 -yl)silanaminato-(2-)-N-)-dimethyl-titanium, (23).
Dichloro(N-( l,1 -dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -((1,2,3,3a,7a-eta)-2-(dimethyl-t-butylsiloxy)-lH-inden-l-yl)silanaminato-(2-)-N-)-titanium (0.35 g, 0.74 mmol) was stirred in diethylether (75 mL) as MeMgBr ( I .50 mmol, O.S0 mL of a 3.0 M solution in diethylether) was added slow]y. This mixture was then allowed to stir for 2 hours.
After the reaction period the volatiles were removed and the residue was extracted and 15 filtered using hexane. Removal of the hexane resulted in the isol~tion of the desired product as a yellow oil (0.21 g, 65 percent yield).

1 H NMR (C6D6) o 0.33 (s, 3 H), 0.21 (s, 3 H), 0.25 (s, 3 H), 0.65 (s. 3 H), 0.73 (s, 3 H). 0.99 (s, 9 H), 1.12 (s, 3 H), l .S9 (s, 9 H), 6.55 (s, I H), 6.94 (t, 3JH-H= 7.8 Hz, I H), 7.19 (t, 3JH-H= 7.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.47 (d, 3JH-H= 8.3 Hz, IH), 7.53 (d, 20 3JH-H = 8.5 Hz, IH).

- 1 0 g -w 098/06728 PCTrUS97/l3l71 13C N M R (C6D6)~-3.61,-3.48,5.62,5.97,18.84,25.15,34.60,52.13,57.7g, 58.25,80.38, 100.38,124.70,125.13,125.56,127.26,128.56,159.87.

Polymerization data for catalyst systems comprising metal complexes of this invention are presented in the table that follows.

Polymeliz.ltioll Data x CompoundNamea Densitvb MlC Efficiencyd ~N-( I, I -dilllethylethyl)~ dimethyl- 1 -[(1,2,3,4,5~ 2,3,4,5- 0.895 5 946.000 tetramethyl-2-4-cyclopentadien- 1 -yl]silanaminato(2-)-N]dimethyl-titanium (N-( l, I -Dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -((1,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-(dimethyl-t-butylsiloxy)- 0.884 3.56 2,351,000 I H-inden- I -yl)~silanaminato-(2-)-N-)dimethyl-titanium (N-(l,I-dimethylethyl)-I,I-dimethyl-1-((1,2,3,3a,7a-~)-2-ethoxy- 0.894 0.74162,000 D
I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato-(2-)-N-)dimethyl-titanium ~
(N-( l, I -dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- I -((1,2,3,3a,7a-~)- 0.913 0.63271,000 2-dimethylamino- I H-inden- I -yl) silanaminato-(2-)-N-)dimethyl-titanium '' ;l) cocataly~t is ~(C6Fs)3 ~) g/cm- ~
c) melt index (g / 10 min) ~
(I) g polymer / g Ti o W O 98/06728 PCT~US97/13171 X-ray structure determination of dichloro(N-( l, I -dimethylethyl)- l, I -dimethyl-1-((1,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-2-dimethylamino-lH-inden-l-yl)silanaminato-(2-)-N-)-titanium.

Data Collection:

A dark purple block-shaped crystal of dimensions 0.21 x 0.17 x 0.06 mm was S immersed in oil, Paratone N, Exxon, and mounted on a thin glass fiber. The crystal was transferred to a Siemens SMART PLATFORM diffractometer equipped with a graphite monochromatic crystal, a MoKa radiation source (1 = 0.71073 A), a CCD
(charge coupled device) area detector which is kept at 5.078 cm from the crystal. The crystal was bathed in a cold nitrogen stream for the duration of data collection (-100 10 ~C). Three sets of 20 frames each were collected covering three perpendicular sectors of space using the cl) scan method and with a ten second exposure time. Integration of the frames followed by reflection indexing and least squares refinement produced a crystal orientation matrix and a monclinic lattice.

Data collection was set up to collect a total of 1631 frames in four different 15 runs covering more than one full hemisphere of data. Frame scan parameters are summarized in the following table:

Scan Scan Frames Exposure Run 20 ~ % axis width (~) (#) time (sec.) -29 -26.00 0.0054.68 2 -0.3 626 30 2 -29 -21.00 90.0054.68 2 -0.3 455 30 3 -29 -23.00 180.054.68 2 -0.3 250 30 o 4 -29 -23.00 45.00 54.68 2 -0.3 250 30 -29 -26.00 0.00 54.68 2 -0.3 50 30 . .

W O 98/06728 PCT~US97113171 The last run (# 5) is the remeasurement of the first 50 frames from run number 1. This is done to monitor crystal and diffractometer stability and to correct for any crystal decay.

Diffractometer setup includes a 0.8 mm collimator providing an X-ray beam of ~ 5 0.8 mm in diameter. Generator power was set at 50 KV and 35 mA. Program SMART 1 was used for diffractometer control, frame scans, indexing, orientation matrix calculations, least squares refinement of cell parameters, crystal faces measurements and the actual data collection. Program ASTRO I was used to set up data col lection strategy.

Data Preparation:

All 1381 crystallographic raw data frames were read by program SAINT I and integrated using 3D profiling algorithms. The resulting data were reduced to produce hkl reflections and their intensities and estimated standard deviations. The data were corrected for Lorentz and polarization effects. A total of 7842 reflections werecollected representing a range of 2.55 to I .70 redundancy level and have an Rsym value range of 2.9 percent, at the lowest 2~ shell of reflections, to 3. I percent at the highest 2~ shell of reflections (55 ~). Crystal decay correction was applied and was less than I
percent. The unit cell parameters were refined by least squares of the setting angles of 5415 reflections. Unit cell parameters are:

a = 8.3173(3) Aa = 91.324(1)~

b = 9.1B47(3) Ab = 91.541(1)~

c = 13.2048(5) A g = 103.384(1) ~

V = 980.54(6) A~

W O 98/~6728 PCT~US97/13171 Absorption corrections were applied using program SADABS2 according to Blessing3. Absorption coefficient was 0.77 mm~l and minimum and maximum transmissions were 0.~12 and 0.962, respectively.

Data preparation was carried out using program XPREPl. The space group 5 was determined to be P I (# 2) based on systematic absences. XPREP provided the following crystallographic parameters: 4362 unique reflections (Rjnt = 1.94 percent) with indices -11 < h < 10, -8 < k < 12, -17 < 1 < 18.

Structure solution and Refinement:

The structure was solved by direct methods in SHELXTLs4 from which the 10 positions of all of the non-H atoms were obtained. The structure was refined, also in SHELXTL5, using full-matrix least-squares refinement. The non-H atoms were refined with anisotropic thermal parameters and all of the H atoms were located by a Difference Fourier map and refined without any constraints. In the final cycle of refinement, 3639 observed reflections with I > 2s(I) were used to refine 313 parameters and the resulting R1, wR2 and S (goodness of fit) were 2.93 percent, 7.40 percent and 1.061, respectively. A correction for secondary extinction was applied with x =
0.0025(12). The maximum and minimum residual electron density peaks in the finalDifference Fourier map were 0.376 and -0.369, respectively. The refinement was carried out using F2 rather than F; values. Rl is calculated to provide a reference to the 20 conventional R value but its function is not minimized. Additionally, wR2 is the functions that is minimized and not Rl.

STRUCTURE SOLUTION AND REFINEMENT:

The structure was solved by direct methods in SHELXTL5 from which the positions of all of the non-H atoms were obtained. The structure was refined, also in 25 SHELXTL5, using full-matrix least-squares refinement. The non-H atoms were refined with anisotropic thermal parameters and all of the H atoms were located by a Difference W O 98/06728 PCTrUS97/13171 Fourier map and refined without any constraints. In the final cycle of refinement, 4838 observed reflections with I > 2c~(T) were used to refine 432 parameters and the resulting R l, wR2 and S (goodness of fit) were 3.13 percent, 7.17 percent and 1.023, respectively.
A correction for secondary extinction was applied with x = 0.00l 8(7). The maximum and S minimum residual electron density peaks in the final Difference Fourier map were 0.324 and -0.368, respectively. The refinement was carried out using F2 rather than F values.
Rl is calculated to provide a reference to the conventional R value but its function is not minimized. Additionally, wR2 is the functions that is minimized and not Rl.

The linear absorption coefficient, atomic scattering factors and anomalous-lO dispersion corrections were calculated from values from the International Tables for X-ray Crystallography International Tables for X-ray Crystallography (1974). Vol. IV. p. SS.
Birmingham: Kynoch Press. (Present distributor, D. Reidel, Dordrecht.).

Figure l shows the crystal structure of dichloro(N-( I, l -dimethylethyl)- I, l -dimethyl- 1 -(( l ,2,3,3a,7a-rl)-2-dimethylamino- I H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato-(2-)-N-)-I S titanium.

Relevant functions used for the foregoing structure determinations are given below.

R l = A(llFol - lFcll) / AlFol wR2 = [A[W(Fo2 - FC2)2] / A[W(Fo2)2]] I/2 Rint. = A lFo2 - F02(mean)12/ A[Fo2]

S - [A[w(Fo2 - FC2)2] / (n-p)] 1/2 where n is the number of reflections and p is the total number of parameters refined w= I/[s2 (Fo2)+(o~o37o*p)2 +0.31*pl, p = Imax(FO2,0)+ 2* FC2]I3 X-ray structure determination of (N-( l, I -dimethylethyl)- I, I -dimethyl- l -(( l ,2,3,3a,7a~ 2-ethoxy- 1 H-inden- I -yl)silanaminato-(2-)-N-)-dimethyl-titanium.

Data Collection:

A translucent, red, platy crystal of ONSiTiCI2C l 7H2s having approximate S dimensions of 0.4 x 0.2 x 0.06 mm was mounted using oil, (Paratone-N, Exxon) on a glass fiber. All measurements were made on an Enraf-Nonius CAD4 diffractometer with graphite monochromated Mo-K(x radiation.

Cell constants and an orientation matrix for data collection, obtained from a least-squares refinement using the setting angles of 25 careful]y centered reflections in the range I g.2 < 2H < 23.6~ corresponded to a C-centered monoclinic cell with dimensions:

a = 28.874(9) A
~ = 9.924(3)) A ~ = 121.99(2) ~
c = 16.294(3)A
lS V = 3959(2) A3 For Z = 8 and F.W. = 406.28, the calculated density is l .36 g/cm3. Based on the systematic absences of:
hkl: h + k ~ 2n hOI: I ~ 2n 20 packing considerations, a statistical analysis of intensity distribution, and the successful solution and refinement of the structure, the space group was determined to be:
C2/c (#IS) Wo 98/06728 PCT/USs7Jl3171 The data were collected at a temperature of -120 + 1~C using the ~ ~ scan technique to a maximum 2~ value of 49.9~. Omega scans of several intense reflections, made prior to data co]lection, had an average width at half-height of 0.25~
with a take-off angle of 2.8~. Scans of (1.00 + 0.35 tan ~) ~ were made at a variable 5 speed of 3.0 - 16.0 ~Imin (in omega). Moving-crystal moving counter backgroundmeasurements were made by scanning an additional 25 percent above and below the scan range. The counter aperture consisted of a variable horizontal slit with a width ranging from 2.0 to 2.5 mm and a vertical slit set to 2.0 mm. The diameter of the incident beam collimator was 0.7 mm and the crystal to detector distance was 21 cm.
10 For intense reflections an attenuator was automatically inserted in front of the detector.

Data Reduction Of the 3786 reflections which were collected, 3705 were unique Rjnt = 0.041).
The intensities of three representative reflection were measured after every 90 minutes of X-ray exposure time. No decay correction was applied.

The linear absorption coefficient, ll, for Mo-Ko~ radiation is 7.7 cm~l. An analytical absorption correction was applied which resulted in transmission factors ranging from 0.85 to 0.95. The data were corrected for Lorentz and polarization effects. A correction for secondary extinction was applied (coeffficient = 1.34465e-08).

Structure and Solution and Refinement The structure was solved by direct methods (SHELXS86: Sheldrick, G.M.
(1985). In: "Crystallographic Computing"a (Eds G.M. Sheldrick, C. Kruger and R.
Goddard) Oxford Univeristy Press, pp. 175- 189) and expanded using Fourier techniques (DIRDIF94: Beurskens, P.T., Admiraal, G., Beurskens, G., Bosman, W.
P., de Gelder, R.. Israel, R. and Smits, J.M.M. (1994). The DlRDIF-94 program system, Technical Report of the Crystallography Laboratory, University of Nijmegan, The Netherlands). The nonhydrogen atoms were refined anisotropica]ly. Hydrogen W O 98/06728 PCTrUS97/13171 atoms were included in idealized positions but not refined. The final cycle of full-matrix least-squares refinementa was based on 2223 observed reflections ~I > 3.00~s(I)) and 209 variable parameters and converged (largest parameter shift was 0.01 times its esd) with unweighted and weighted agreement factors of:

S R = ~,¦IFOI - ~Fc~ FOI = 0.040 w(¦ Fo¦ - IFc¦) ' I ~wFo ' ) = 0.033 The standard deviation of an observation of unit weightb was 1.47. The weighting scheme was based on counting statistics. Plots of ~w(lFol - IFcl)2 versus IFol, reflection order in data collection, sin ~1~ and various classes of indices showed 10 no unusual trends. The maximum and minimum peaks on the fina] difference Fourier map corresponded to 0.37 and -0.35 e~lA3, respectively.

Neutral atoms scattering factors were taken from Cromer and Waber (Cromer, D.T. & Waber, J.T.; "International Tables for X-Ray Crystallography", Vol, IV~ The Kynoch Press, Birmingham, England, Table 2.2 A (1974)). Anomalous dispersion 15 effects were included in Fcalc (Ibers, J.A. & Hamilton, W. C.; Acta Crystallogr., 17, 781 (1964)); the values for ~f' and ~f' were those of Creagh and McAuley (Creagh, D.C. & McAuley, W. J.; "Internationa] Tables for Crystallography:, Vol. C., (A.J.C.
Wilson, ed.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, Table 4.2.6.8, pages 219-222 (1992)). The values for the mass attenuation coefficients are those of Creagh and 20 Hubbel (Creagh, D.C. & Hubbel], J.H.; "International Tables for Crystallography", Vol. C., (A.J.C. Wilson, ed.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, Table 4.2.4.3, pages 200-206 (1992)). All calculations were performed using the teXsan (teXsan:Crystal Structure Ana]ysis Package, Molecular Structure Corporation (1985 & 1992)) crystallographic software package of Molecular Structure Corporation.

(a) Least-Squares:
Function minimized: ~,w(lFol - IFcl)2 .

W 098106728 PCT~US97/13171 where w = I = 4Fo2 ~2(Fo) c~2(Fo2) '1S (C+R B)+(pFo )~
~-(Fo2) = ~p2 S - Scan rate C = Total integrated peak count R - Ratio of scan time to background counting time B - Total background count 10Lp = Lorentz-polarization factor p = p-factor (b) Standard deviation of an observation of unit weight:

~ W(IFO~--¦FCI)- / (NO - Nv) where: No = number of observations 1~Nv = number of variables Figure 2 shows the crystal structure of (N-( 1, I -dimethylethyl)- 1,1 -dimethyl- I -((I ,2,3~3a,7a-~)-2-ethoxy-lH-inden-] -yl)silanaminato-(2-)-N-)-dimethyl-titanium.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A metal complex corresponding to the formula:

where M is a metal from one of Groups 3 to 13 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, the lanthanides or actinides, which is in the +2, +3 or +4 formal oxidation state and which is .pi.-bonded to one cyclopentadienyl group (Cp) which is a cyclic, delocalized, .pi.-bound ligand group having 5 substituents: (R A)j-T where j is zero, 1 or 2; R B; R C; R D and Z; where R A, R B, K C and R D are R groups; and where T is a heteroatom which is covalently bonded to the Cp ring, and to R A when j is 1 or 2, and when; is 0, T is F, Cl, Br, or I; when; is 1, T is O or S, or N or P and R A
has a double bond to T; when j is 2, T is N or P; and where R A independently each occurrence is hydrogen, or, is a group having from 1 to 80 nonhydrogen atoms which is hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylsilyl, halo-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylamino-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylsilylhydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylamino, di(hydrocarbyl)amino, hydrocarbyloxy, each R A optionally being substituted with one or more groups which independently each occurrence is hydrocarbyloxy, hydrocarbylsiloxy, hydrocarbylsilylamino, di(hydrocarbylsilyl)amino, hydrocarbylamino, di(hydrocarbyl)amino, di(hydrocarbyl)phosphino, hydrocarbylsulfido, hydrocalbyl,halo-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylamino-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylsilyl or hydrocarbylsilylhydrocarbyl having from 1 to 20 nonhydrogen atoms, or a noninterfering group having from 1 to 20 nonhydrogen atoms; and each of R B, R C and R D is hydrogen, or is a group having from 1 to 80 nonhydrogen atoms which is hydrocarbyl, halo-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylamino-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylsilyl, hydrocarbylsilylhydrocarbyl, each R B, R C or R D optionally being substituted with one or more groups which independently each occurrence is hydrocarbyloxy, hydrocarbylsiloxy, hydrocarbylsilylamino, di(hydrocarbylsilyl)amino, hydrocarbylamino, di(hydrocarbyl)amino, di(hydrocarbyl)phosphino, hydrocarbylsulfido, hydrocarbyl, halo-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylamino-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylsilyl or hydrocarbylsilylhydrocarbyl having from 1 to 20 nonhydrogen atoms, or a noninterfering group having from 1 to 20 nonhydrogen atoms; or, optionally, two or more of R A, R B, R C and R D are covalently linked with each other to form one or more fused rings or ring systems having from 1 to 80 nonhydrogen atoms for each R
group, the one or more fused rings or ring systems being unsubstituted or substituted with one or more groups which independently each occurrence are hydrocarbyloxy, hydrocarbylsiloxy, hydrocarbylsilylamino, di(hydrocarbylsilyl)amino, hydrocarbylamino, di(hydrocarbyl)amino, di(hydrocarbyl)phosphino, hydrocarbylsulfido, hydrocarbyl, halo-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylamino-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylsilyl or hydrocarbylsilylhydrocarbyl having from 1 to 20 nonhydrogen atoms, or a noninterfering group having from 1 to 20 nonhydrogen atoms;

Z is a divalent moiety bound to both Cp and M via .sigma.-bonds, where Z comprises boron, or a member of Group 14 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, and also comprises nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur or oxygen;

X is an anionic or dianionic ligand group having up to 60 atoms exclusive of the class of ligands that are cyclic, delocalized, .pi.-bound ligand groups;

X' independently each occurrence is a neutral Lewis base ligating compound having up to 20 atoms;

p is zero, 1 or 2, and is two less than the formal oxidation state of M, when X is an anionic ligand; when X is a dianionic ligand group, p is 1; and q is zero, 1 or 2.

2. The metal complex of Claim 1 corresponding to the formula:

where R W, R X, R Y and R Z are R groups, each of which independently is hydrogen, or is a group having from 1 to 80 nonhydrogen atoms which is hydrocarbyl, halo-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylamino-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylsilyl, hydrocarbylsilylhydrocarbyl, each of R W, R X, R Y and R Z optionally being substituted with one or more groups which independently each occurrence is hydrocarbyloxy, hydrocarbylsiloxy, hydrocarbylsilylamino, di(hydrocarbylsilyl)amino, hydrocarbylamino, di(hydrocarbyl)amino, di(hydrocarbyl)phosphino, hydrocarbylsulfido, hydrocarbyl, halo-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylamino-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylsilyl or hydrocarbylsilylhydrocarbyl having from 1 to 20 nonhydrogen atoms, or a noninterfering group having from 1 to 20 nonhydrogen atoms; or, optionally, two or more of R W, R X, R Y, R Z, R A and R B are covalently linked with each other to form one or more fused rings or ring systems having from 1 to 80 nonhydrogen atoms for each R group, the one or more fused rings or ring systems being unsubstituted orsubstituted with one or more groups which are hydrocarbyloxy, hydrocarbylsiloxy,hydrocarbylsilylamino, di(hydrocarbylsilyl)amino, hydrocarbylamino, di(hydrocarbyl)amino, di(hydrocarbyl)phosphino, hydrocarbylsulfido, hydrocarbyl,halo-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylamino-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylsilyl or hydrocarbylsilylhydrocarbyl having from 1 to 20 nonhydrogen atoms, or a noninterfering group having from 1 to 20 nonhydrogen atoms.

3. The metal complex of Claim 1 or Claim 2 wherein R A is hydrocarbyl hydrocarbylsilyl, hydrocarbyloxy-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylamino-substituted hydrocarbyl and T is O or N.

4. The metal complex of Claim 3 wherein R A is hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylsilyl and T is O or N.

5. The metal complex of Claim 4 wherein R A is hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylsilyl and T is O.

6. The metal complex of Claim 3 wherein the (R A)j-T group dimethylamino, diethylamino, methylethylamino, methylphenylamino, dipropylamino,dibutylamino, piperidinyl, morpholinyl, pyrrolidinyl, hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl, hexahydro-1(2H)-azocinyl, octahydro-1H-azonin-1-yl, octahydro-1(2H)-azecinyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, methylethyloxy, 1,1-dimethyethyloxy, trimethylsiloxy or 1,1-dimethylethyl(dimethylsilyl)oxy.

7. The metal complex of Claim 4 wherein the (R A)j-T group is methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, methylethyloxy, 1,1-dimethyethyloxy, trimethylsiloxy, 1,1-dimethylethyl(dimethylsilyl)oxy.

8. The metal complex of Claim 1 or Claim 2 wherein the one or more fused rings or ring systems contain one or more ring heteroatoms which are N, O, S, or P.

9. The metal complex of Claim 8 wherein the ring heteroatoms are N or 0.

10. The metal complex of Claim 9 wherein each ring heteroatom is N.

11. The metal complex of Claim 2 corresponding to the formula:

where the symbols are as previously defined.

12. The metal complex of Claim 11 corresponding to the formula:

where the symbols are as previously defined.

13. The metal complex of one of Claims 1-12 where -Z- is -Z*-Y-, with Z*
bonded to Cp and Y bonded to M, and Y is -O-, -S-, -NR*-, -PR*-;

Z* is SiR*2, CR*2, SiR*2SiR*2, CR*2CR*2, CR*=CR*, CR*2SiR*2, CR*2SiR*2CR*2, SiR*2CR*2SiR*2, CR*2CR*2SiR*2, CR*2CR*2CR*2, or GeR*2; and R* independently each occurrence is hydrogen, or a member selected from hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy, silyl, halogenated alkyl, halogenated aryl, and combinations thereof, said R* having up to 20 nonhydrogen atoms, and optionally, two R* groups from Z (when R* is not hydrogen), or an R* group from Z and an R* group from Y form a ring system;

where p is 2, q is zero, M is in the +4 formal oxidation state, and X is independently each occurrence methyl, benzyl, trimethylsilylmethyl, allyl, pyrollyl or two X groups together are 1,4-butane-diyl, 2-butene-1,4-diyl, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene-1,4-diyl, 2-methyl-2-butene- 1,4-diyl, or xylyldiyl.

14. The metal complex of one of Claims 1-12 where -Z- is -Z*-Y-, with Z*
bonded to Cp and Y bonded to M, and Y is -O-, -S-, -NR*-, -PR*-;

Z* is SiR*2, CR*2, SiR*2SiR*2, CR*2CR*2, CR*=CR*, CR*2SiR*2, CR*2SiR*2CR*2, SiR*2CR*2SiR*2, CR*2CR*2SiR*2, CR*2CR*2CR*2, or GeR*2; and R* independently each occurrence is hydrogen, or a member selected from hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy, silyl, halogenated alkyl, halogenated aryl, and combinations thereof, said R* having up to 20 nonhydrogen atoms, and optionally, two R* groups from Z (when R* is not hydrogen), or an R* group from Z and an R* group from Y form a ring system;

where p is 1, q is zero, M is in the +3 formal oxidation state, and X is 2-(N,N-dimethyl)aminobenzyl, 2-(N,N-dimethylaminomethyl)phenyl, allyl, methallyl, trimethylsilylallyl.

15. The metal complex of one of Claims 1-12 where -Z- is -Z*-Y-, with Z*
bonded to Cp and Y bonded to M, and Y is -O-, -S-, -NR*-, -PR*-;

Z* is SiR*2, CR*2, SiR*2SiR*2, CR*2CR*2, CR*=CR*, CR*2SiR*2, CR*2SiR*2CR*2, SiR*2CR*2SiR*2, CR*2CR*2SiR*2, CR*2CR*2CR*2, or GeR*2; and R* independently each occurrence is hydrogen, or a member selected from hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy, silyl, halogenated alkyl, halogenated aryl, and combinations thereof, said R* having up to 20 nonhydrogen atoms, and optionally, two R* groups from Z (when R* is not hydrogen), or an R* group from Z and an R* group from Y form a ring system;

when p is 0, q is 1, M is in the +2 formal oxidation state, and X' is 1,4-diphenyl- 1,3-butadiene, 1,3-pentadiene or 2,4-hexadiene.

16. The metal complex of one of Claims 1-15 where M is a metal from one of Groups 3-6, one of Groups 7-9 or one of Groups 10-12.

17. The metal complex of Claim 16 where M is a metal from one of Groups 3-6.

18. The metal complex of Claim 16 where M is a metal from one of Groups 7-9.

19. The metal complex of Claim 16 where M is a metal from one of Groups 10-12.

20. The metal complex of Claim 17 where M is a metal from Group 4.

21. The metal complex of Claim 20 where M is Ti.

22. The metal complex of Claim 20 where M is Zr.

23. The metal complex of Claim 21 where M is Ti is the +4 forma~
oxidation state.

24. The metal complex of Claim 21 where M is Ti is the +3 formal oxidation state.

25. The metal complex of Claim 21 where M is Ti is the +2 formal oxidation state.

26. The metal complex of Claim 22 where M is Zr is the +4 formal oxidation state.

27. The metal complex of Claim 22 where M is Zr is the +2 formal oxidation state.

28. The metal complex of one of Claims 13-27 where Y is -NR*.

29. The metal complex of Claim 28 where R* is a group having a primary or secondary carbon atom bonded to N.

30. The metal complex of Claim 29 where R* is cyclohexyl or isopropyl.

31. The metal complex of Claim 23 corresponding to the formula:

32. The metal complex of Claim 23 corresponding to the formula:

33. The metal complex of Claim 23 corresponding to the formula: %.

34. The metal complex of Claim 23 corresponding to the formula:

35. The metal complex of Claim 23 corresponding to the formula:

36. The metal complex of Claim 23 corresponding to the formula:

37. The metal complex of Claim 23 corresponding to the formula:

38. The metal complex of Claim 23 corresponding to the formula:

39. The metal complex of Claim 23 corresponding to the formula:

40. The metal complex of Claim 23 corresponding to the formula:

41. A catalyst system for olefin polymerization prepared from catalyst system components comprising:

(A) a catalyst component comprising a metal complex of one of Claims 1-40; and (B) a cocatalyst component comprising an activating cocatalyst wherein the molar ratio of (A) to (B) is from 1:10,000 to 100:1; or activation of (A) by use of an activating technique.

42. The catalyst system of Claim 41 further comprising (C) an aluminum organometallic component.

43. The catalyst system of Claim 42 wherein the aluminum organometallic component comprises an alumoxane, an aluminum alkyl or a combination thereof.

44. The catalyst system of one of Claims 41-43 wherein the cocatalyst component comprises an organoboron compound which is nonionic or ionic.

45. The catalyst system of Claim 44 wherein the cocatalyst component comprises tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane.

46. The catalyst system of Claim 45 wherein the cocatalyst component comprises an alumoxane and tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane in a molar ratio from 1:1 to 5:1.

47. The catalyst system of one of Claims 41-46 further comprising (D) a support component comprising a support material which is a polymer, an inorganicoxide, a metal halide, or a mixture thereof.

48. A catalyst system for olefin polymerization prepared from catalyst system components comprising:

(A) a catalyst component comprising a metal complex of one of Claims 1-40; and (B) a cocatalyst component comprising an activating cocatalyst wherein the molar ratio of (A) to (B) is from 1:10,000 to 100:1 wherein the metal complex is in the form of a radical cation.

49. A process for the polymerization of olefins comprising contacting one or more C2-20 .alpha.-olefins under polymerization conditions with a catalyst system of one of Claims 41-48.

50. The process of Claim 49 wherein ethylene, propylene and optionally a nonconjugated diene are copolymerized.

51. The process of Claim 49 wherein ethylene, propylene, or ethylene and propylene, and one or more C4-20 .alpha.-olefins are copolymerized.

52. The process of one of Claims 49-51 wherein the process is carried out in solution.

53. The process of one of Claims 49-51 wherein the process is carried out in the gas phase.

54. The process of one of Claims 49-51 wherein the process is carried in a slurry.

55. A high temperature solution polymerization process for the polymerization of olefins comprising contacting one or more C2-20 .alpha.-olefins under polymerization conditions with a catalyst system of one of Claims 41-48 at a temperature from about 100°C to about 250°C.

56. The process of Claim 55 wherein the temperature is from about 120°Cto about 200°C.

57. The process of Claim 56 wherein the temperature is from about 150°Cto about 200°C.

58. A polyolefin product produced by the process of one of Claims 49-57.

59. The polyolefin product of Claim 55 wherein the product has from 0.01 to 3 long chain branches per 1000 carbon atoms.

60. The polyolefin product of Claim 58 wherein the product is a copolymer composition which has a comonomer partitioning factor C pf which is equal to or greater than 1.10 or a molecular weight partitioning factor M pf which is equal to or greater than 1.15, or a comonomer partitioning factor C pf which is equal to or greater than 1.10 and a molecular weight partitioning factor M pf which is equal to or greater than 1.15.

61. The polyolefin product of Claim 60 wherein the copolymer composition has a comonomer partitioning factor C pf which is equal to or greater than 1.20 or a molecular weight partitioning factor M pf which is equal to or greater than 1.30, or a comonomer partitioning factor C pf which is equal to or greater than 1.20 and a molecular weight partitioning factor M pf which is equal to or greater than 1.30.

62. A cyclopentadienyl-containing ligand of one of Claims 1-40 where the ligand is in the form of:

(A) a free base with 2 protons capable of being deprotonated;

(B) a dilithium salt;

(C) a magnesium salt: or (D) a mono or disilylated dianion.

63. Use of a ligand of Claim 62 for synthesis to produce a metal complex of one of Claims 1-40.

64. Use of a ligand of Claim 62 for synthesis to produce a metal complex comprising a metal from one of Groups 3 to 13 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, the lanthanides or actinides, and from 1 to 4 of the ligands.