CA2226550A1 - Concentrated, stable fabric softening compositions including chelants - Google Patents
Concentrated, stable fabric softening compositions including chelantsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2226550A1 CA2226550A1 CA002226550A CA2226550A CA2226550A1 CA 2226550 A1 CA2226550 A1 CA 2226550A1 CA 002226550 A CA002226550 A CA 002226550A CA 2226550 A CA2226550 A CA 2226550A CA 2226550 A1 CA2226550 A1 CA 2226550A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- fabric softening
- sum
- less
- concentrated
- softening compositions
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- -1 e.g. Chemical group 0.000 abstract 2
- 125000006273 (C1-C3) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 abstract 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
- D06M23/10—Processes in which the treating agent is dissolved or dispersed in organic solvents; Processes for the recovery of organic solvents thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
- C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
- C11D1/645—Mixtures of compounds all of which are cationic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/001—Softening compositions
- C11D3/0015—Softening compositions liquid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
- C11D3/2041—Dihydric alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
- C11D3/2041—Dihydric alcohols
- C11D3/2044—Dihydric alcohols linear
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
- C11D3/2041—Dihydric alcohols
- C11D3/2048—Dihydric alcohols branched
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2093—Esters; Carbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/26—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C11D3/33—Amino carboxylic acids
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
Abstract
Clear or translucent fabric softening compositions having a biodegradable fabric softening active and an added chelating agent are disclosed. The biodegradable fabric softening active preferably has formula (1), wherein each R substituent is hydrogen or a short chain C1-C6, preferably C1-C3 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group, e.g., methyl (most preferred), ethyl, propyl, hydroxyethyl, and the like, benzyl, or mixtures thereof; each m is 2 or 3; each n is from 1 to about 4, preferably 2;
each Y is -O-(O)C-, -(R)N-(O)C-, -C(O)-N(R)-, or -C(O)-O-, preferably -O-(O)C-; the sum of carbons in each R1, plus one when Y is -O-(O)C-or -(R)N-(O)C-, is C6-C22, preferably C12-22, more preferably C14-C20, but no more than one R1 or YR1 sum being less than about 12 and then the other R1 or YR1 sum is at least about 16, with each R1 being a long chain C5-C21 (or C6-C22), preferably C9-C20 (or C9-C20), most preferably C11-C17 (or C12-C18), straight, branched, unsaturated or polyunsaturated alkyl, the average Iodine Value of the parent fatty acid of the R1 being from about 20 to about 140. The chelating agent is preferably diaminetriaminepentaacetic acid. The compositions display excellent clarity with a percentage haze in the transmission mode of a Hunter Color analysis of less than 90 %, preferably less than 50 %.
each Y is -O-(O)C-, -(R)N-(O)C-, -C(O)-N(R)-, or -C(O)-O-, preferably -O-(O)C-; the sum of carbons in each R1, plus one when Y is -O-(O)C-or -(R)N-(O)C-, is C6-C22, preferably C12-22, more preferably C14-C20, but no more than one R1 or YR1 sum being less than about 12 and then the other R1 or YR1 sum is at least about 16, with each R1 being a long chain C5-C21 (or C6-C22), preferably C9-C20 (or C9-C20), most preferably C11-C17 (or C12-C18), straight, branched, unsaturated or polyunsaturated alkyl, the average Iodine Value of the parent fatty acid of the R1 being from about 20 to about 140. The chelating agent is preferably diaminetriaminepentaacetic acid. The compositions display excellent clarity with a percentage haze in the transmission mode of a Hunter Color analysis of less than 90 %, preferably less than 50 %.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US105795P | 1995-07-11 | 1995-07-11 | |
| US60/001,057 | 1995-07-11 | ||
| US62101996A | 1996-03-22 | 1996-03-22 | |
| US08/621,019 | 1996-03-22 | ||
| PCT/US1996/011572 WO1997003172A1 (en) | 1995-07-11 | 1996-07-11 | Concentrated, stable fabric softening compositions including chelants |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2226550A1 true CA2226550A1 (en) | 1997-01-30 |
| CA2226550C CA2226550C (en) | 2002-02-19 |
Family
ID=26668492
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002226564A Expired - Fee Related CA2226564C (en) | 1995-07-11 | 1996-07-11 | Concentrated, stable fabric softening compositions with low organic solvent level |
| CA002226550A Expired - Fee Related CA2226550C (en) | 1995-07-11 | 1996-07-11 | Concentrated, stable fabric softening compositions including chelants |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002226564A Expired - Fee Related CA2226564C (en) | 1995-07-11 | 1996-07-11 | Concentrated, stable fabric softening compositions with low organic solvent level |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP0839180A1 (en) |
| JP (2) | JP3916666B2 (en) |
| KR (3) | KR100263216B1 (en) |
| CN (3) | CN1107716C (en) |
| AR (1) | AR002814A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE233804T1 (en) |
| AU (2) | AU6488996A (en) |
| BR (2) | BR9609823A (en) |
| CA (2) | CA2226564C (en) |
| CZ (2) | CZ3898A3 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69626521T2 (en) |
| HU (2) | HUP9802404A3 (en) |
| MX (2) | MX9800382A (en) |
| TR (1) | TR199800029T1 (en) |
| WO (2) | WO1997003172A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (33)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL128033A0 (en) * | 1996-07-19 | 1999-11-30 | Procter & Gamble | Concentrated fabric softening composition and highly unsaturated fabric softener compound therefor |
| WO1998008924A2 (en) * | 1996-08-30 | 1998-03-05 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Concentrated premix with reduced flammability for forming fabric softening composition |
| AU7578198A (en) * | 1997-05-19 | 1998-12-11 | Procter & Gamble Company, The | Clear or translucent fabric softener compositions using mixture of solvents |
| BR9811584A (en) * | 1997-07-29 | 2000-08-22 | Procter & Gamble | Stable concentrate, preferably clear, fabric softening composition containing amine fabric softener |
| CA2300403A1 (en) * | 1997-08-18 | 1999-02-25 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Clear liquid fabric softening compositions |
| US6875735B1 (en) * | 1997-11-24 | 2005-04-05 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Clear or translucent aqueous fabric softener compositions containing high electrolyte content and optional phase stabilizer |
| ZA991635B (en) * | 1998-03-02 | 1999-09-02 | Procter & Gamble | Concentrated, stable, translucent or clear, fabric softening compositions. |
| US6486121B2 (en) * | 1998-04-15 | 2002-11-26 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Softener active derived from acylated triethanolamine |
| EP1018541A1 (en) * | 1999-01-07 | 2000-07-12 | Goldschmidt Rewo GmbH & Co. KG | Clear fabric softener compositions |
| US6916781B2 (en) | 1999-03-02 | 2005-07-12 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Concentrated, stable, translucent or clear, fabric softening compositions |
| US6995131B1 (en) * | 1999-05-10 | 2006-02-07 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Clear or translucent aqueous fabric softener compositions containing high electrolyte and optional phase stabilizer |
| GB9915964D0 (en) | 1999-07-07 | 1999-09-08 | Unilever Plc | Fabric conditioning composition |
| AU2001263062A1 (en) | 2000-05-11 | 2001-11-20 | The Procter And Gamble Company | Highly concentrated fabric softener compositions and articles containing such compositions |
| AU2000280403A1 (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2003-02-17 | Procter & Gamble | A fabric softening composition comprising a malodor controlling agent |
| DE10046434A1 (en) * | 2000-09-20 | 2002-04-04 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Process for the production of branched alcohols and / or hydrocarbons |
| US6946501B2 (en) | 2001-01-31 | 2005-09-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Rapidly dissolvable polymer films and articles made therefrom |
| DE10320433A1 (en) * | 2003-05-08 | 2005-02-17 | Henkel Kgaa | Frost-resistant conditioning agents |
| ATE401385T1 (en) * | 2003-10-16 | 2008-08-15 | Procter & Gamble | AQUEOUS COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING VESICLES WITH A CERTAIN VESICLE PERMEABILITY |
| KR20080007364A (en) * | 2005-05-12 | 2008-01-18 | 더 프록터 앤드 갬블 캄파니 | Fabric softening compositions stable under freeze-thaw conditions |
| JP4579055B2 (en) * | 2005-06-01 | 2010-11-10 | 花王株式会社 | Transparent or translucent liquid softener composition |
| CN1940045B (en) * | 2005-09-27 | 2010-09-22 | 深圳市城洁宝环保科技有限公司 | Viscose scavenger |
| JP5543776B2 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2014-07-09 | アクゾ ノーベル ナムローゼ フェンノートシャップ | Aqueous laundry detergent compositions with improved softening and antistatic properties |
| GB0714589D0 (en) * | 2007-07-27 | 2007-09-05 | Unilever Plc | Fabric softening composition |
| EP2231531B1 (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2012-04-04 | Unilever N.V. | Builder system for a detergent composition |
| US8232239B2 (en) * | 2010-03-09 | 2012-07-31 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Liquid concentrated fabric softener composition |
| US11261402B2 (en) | 2016-01-25 | 2022-03-01 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Treatment compositions |
| US10689600B2 (en) | 2016-01-25 | 2020-06-23 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Treatment compositions |
| US9840684B2 (en) | 2016-03-02 | 2017-12-12 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Compositions containing alkyl sulfates and/or alkoxylated alkyl sulfates and a solvent comprising a diol |
| US9790454B2 (en) | 2016-03-02 | 2017-10-17 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Compositions containing alkyl sulfates and/or alkoxylated alkyl sulfates and a solvent comprising a diol |
| US9896648B2 (en) | 2016-03-02 | 2018-02-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Ethoxylated diols and compositions containing ethoxylated diols |
| US9856440B2 (en) | 2016-03-02 | 2018-01-02 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Compositions containing anionic surfactant and a solvent comprising butanediol |
| CN106242954B (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2019-03-15 | 山东一诺威新材料有限公司 | The preparation method of polyetheramine low molecular polyether polyalcohol |
| JP7304933B2 (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2023-07-07 | シムライズ アーゲー | detergent composition |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA913309A (en) * | 1968-08-01 | 1972-10-31 | A. Gluck Bruno | Fabric softening compositions |
| DK131432A (en) * | 1968-12-09 | |||
| US3756950A (en) * | 1971-03-08 | 1973-09-04 | Lever Brothers Ltd | Fabric softening compositions |
| US3920564A (en) * | 1972-09-20 | 1975-11-18 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Softener-detergent composition |
| US4298480A (en) * | 1978-12-11 | 1981-11-03 | Colgate Palmolive Co. | Detergent softener compositions |
| GB8312619D0 (en) * | 1983-05-07 | 1983-06-08 | Procter & Gamble | Surfactant compositions |
| JPH01501492A (en) * | 1987-06-16 | 1989-05-25 | コートル・ソシエテ・アノニム | concentrated fabric softener composition |
| GB8914054D0 (en) * | 1989-06-19 | 1989-08-09 | Unilever Plc | Fabric softening composition |
| ES2080241T3 (en) * | 1991-09-27 | 1996-02-01 | Procter & Gamble | SOFTENING COMPOSITIONS OF CONCENTRATED FABRICS. |
| DE69325578T3 (en) * | 1992-05-12 | 2004-06-03 | The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati | CONCENTRATED LIQUID TISSUE SOFTENER COMPOSITIONS WITH BIODEGRADABLE TISSUE SOFTENERS |
| DE4307186A1 (en) * | 1993-03-08 | 1994-09-15 | Henkel Kgaa | Aqueous fabric softener composition |
| US5490944A (en) * | 1994-08-11 | 1996-02-13 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Liquid fabric softener compositions |
| US5460736A (en) * | 1994-10-07 | 1995-10-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Fabric softening composition containing chlorine scavengers |
| US5525245A (en) * | 1994-12-21 | 1996-06-11 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Clear, concentrated liquid fabric softener compositions |
| JPH11505555A (en) * | 1995-04-27 | 1999-05-21 | ウィットコ・コーポレイション | Composition containing diol and / or diol alkoxylate |
| EP0763592B1 (en) * | 1995-09-18 | 2002-04-17 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Stabilised fabric softening compositions |
-
1996
- 1996-07-11 EP EP96926070A patent/EP0839180A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-07-11 CA CA002226564A patent/CA2226564C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-07-11 BR BR9609823A patent/BR9609823A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-07-11 TR TR1998/00029T patent/TR199800029T1/en unknown
- 1996-07-11 HU HU9802404A patent/HUP9802404A3/en unknown
- 1996-07-11 KR KR1019997011199A patent/KR100263216B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-07-11 CA CA002226550A patent/CA2226550C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-07-11 BR BR9609800A patent/BR9609800A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-07-11 EP EP96924436A patent/EP0842250B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-07-11 MX MX9800382A patent/MX9800382A/en unknown
- 1996-07-11 CN CN96196853A patent/CN1107716C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-07-11 AU AU64889/96A patent/AU6488996A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-07-11 JP JP50599197A patent/JP3916666B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-07-11 KR KR1019980700197A patent/KR100274684B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-07-11 JP JP9505982A patent/JPH11506810A/en active Pending
- 1996-07-11 AT AT96924436T patent/ATE233804T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-07-11 CZ CZ9838A patent/CZ3898A3/en unknown
- 1996-07-11 DE DE69626521T patent/DE69626521T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-07-11 AU AU66365/96A patent/AU6636596A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-07-11 HU HU9802207A patent/HUP9802207A3/en unknown
- 1996-07-11 WO PCT/US1996/011572 patent/WO1997003172A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-07-11 WO PCT/US1996/011556 patent/WO1997003169A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-07-11 KR KR1019980700196A patent/KR100263870B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-07-11 MX MX9800381A patent/MX9800381A/en unknown
- 1996-07-11 CZ CZ9862A patent/CZ6298A3/en unknown
- 1996-07-11 CN CN96196787A patent/CN1195369A/en active Pending
- 1996-07-12 AR ARP960103546A patent/AR002814A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2002
- 2002-09-17 CN CNB021432295A patent/CN1232692C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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