CA2144150A1 - Process for the manufacture of a synthetic salt-containing crushed sand and/or gravel - Google Patents
Process for the manufacture of a synthetic salt-containing crushed sand and/or gravelInfo
- Publication number
- CA2144150A1 CA2144150A1 CA 2144150 CA2144150A CA2144150A1 CA 2144150 A1 CA2144150 A1 CA 2144150A1 CA 2144150 CA2144150 CA 2144150 CA 2144150 A CA2144150 A CA 2144150A CA 2144150 A1 CA2144150 A1 CA 2144150A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- fact
- salt
- process according
- water
- gravel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/24—Methods or arrangements for preventing slipperiness or protecting against influences of the weather
- E01C11/245—Methods or arrangements for preventing slipperiness or protecting against influences of the weather for preventing ice formation or for loosening ice, e.g. special additives to the paving material, resilient coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/18—Materials not provided for elsewhere for application to surfaces to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water thereto; Thawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a process for producing a synthetic salt-containing crushed sand and/or gravel for, in particular, asphalt-bonded top coats of traffic areas, in which connection a granular salt is mixed with cement, mineral fines and water, the resultant mortar is extensively hardened and broken in dry state into particles of gravel. In this connection a salt of a particle size of less than 0.5 mm which has been made water-repellent is used and the particle size of the mineral fines is less than 1 mm, the mixing being effected intensively in a positive mixer.
Description
214~
FROM: TEL: MRR. 3. 1935 B: 58 RM P 3 --;L. P l ~ " ~ L u TRANSLATION T~T TFlAl~iSLATiON
fi~)nl:
FROM: TEL: MRR. 3. 1935 B: 58 RM P 3 --;L. P l ~ " ~ L u TRANSLATION T~T TFlAl~iSLATiON
fi~)nl:
2~ ~18 PROCESS YOR TI~E 2~NUP~CTURE ~ A 3YNT~ETt~ SA~T- CONT~INI:NG
U 9AND ANDJOR GRA-!EL
The inventlon relate~ to a procs~3 ~or the manu~acture of a ~ynthetic 6~lt-con~lnin~ cru~hed sand and~or gravel ~or, the producti.on of top ~o~t~ o~ tr~ff~ c are~6 BUCh a~ road~ or footp~th~ in ~ccordanc~ wlth tho prea~b~Q to C~lain~ 1.
A proce~s of thl~ type 15 )cnown from Czech Patent 259 296 B1. In th~t proce~s, 40 - 70 parts by welght of ~Cl are mixed with lO to ~0 parts }~y weight of gr~nite ~ravel having a particle 6i z,e of at mol~t 4 mn~ and 20 - ~ pArts by weight af com~nt, ~ wel 1 a~ mix~ng wl-ter, ~nd harden~d . Addlticnal portions o~ sand and powde~ed lime~tone can be added ~ the ~i~cture. ~he h~rdened dry snortar mlx'cur~ form~ a ~o:lid block and i8 then brolcen up in a ~tone crusher ~o that a coar~ely granul~r material ~gre~el~ 1B obtainod. Thi~ ~ynth~tic gra~el can be ueed for producing ~phalt-bondsd top coat~ ~or traffic areBs. Due to 'cheir con'Cent of salt, the gravel pa~ticle~ which l ie on the surf~ce or are co~re~pondin~ly exposed by wear of the top surface re~ult ln a decre~e in the free~in~ point of water. In thi~ way, a~eurance can be h~d that, ror ~n~tance, road 3~lr~clng~ into which this material le embedd~d wlll remain ~r~e of ~ce ~t ten~per~tu~e6 I.,AWYl.l~ 1) Mk`~C`~AN I ~i` TR~N~il ATlON HI~Rr. AU IN~ .
"1~ ~ in~ i"~ <~ f~ CI~ l'rHll~ n!i 'Irl: (212~ 2~J31)/2~J.~I II 81~C~ElWAY,Nr.WYURK.NY l~ 4l~ 4~
C o~uiultu~ll ri \~n.1~d in l~ y WM. ~ lr. J.r~ .F.. ~'ARt. V. Il~!R~
FR0~ EL: ~lRI~. 2, lgq5 ~:59 ~M F 4 -TRANSLA'rION' ,~'ron1:
around the ~ree2ing point (for ins~anaa down to about - 30C~
and, ln the event of heavy snowfalls, c~n ~dsily be ~reed o enow ~ince the ~now doee not ~dherR. However, there i8 the ~isadvantage he~e ~hat the ~alt-s:ont~lnin~ ~ravel io necessarily le~hed out by su~ace water durin~ ~he cour~3 of 'cime; in other ~ord~, th~ gr~lns of salt are dis~olved to ~
con~lderable extent and th~3 solution iB ~lu~hed out. 0~ the ori~inal gravel partlcle~ re th~n still remaine only a ~keleton-llk~ ma~cr~ x havlng nurn~rou~ pore~. Thi~ mAtrix neoes~arily ha~ ~ ~cn~idar~bly ~educed i~npact ~erength a6 eomp~red wi~h the o~ig~nal gravol graln. Inve~tigation~ bave shown that ln ~he lmpact crushing test l~achsd s~ra in~ of gravel a~ a r~le no ~onger ~how the roqulred m~nimum ~rerlgth for a roAd surfAcing. U30 of tni~ ~ynthetic gravel, for in~taoce, for th~ formi.ng of a ro~d ~urface, may there~or~
have the result that, due to th~ traf~ic ther~on, ~fter advanaed leaahln~a, the por~ue ~ra$n~ o~ gravsl ~c~ul~.ing therefrom ~eak down and ~herf~ore collap~o, ~o that large c~vi'cie~t can ~e produced ln the eur~ac:a cov~3ring, they fin~lly leadin~ to prem~ture de~tructicn o~ thi~ cover ~urface .
From G~man Democr~tlc ~epubl 1c 271 3 4 7 A1, it i 8 known to produce ~ concrot~ t~ f ic ~rfa~ from a mortar composi.tion to whlch 2 - ~ c~ chlorl~e or ~lf~te con~ai.nin~7 compound6 h~ve bsen ~dd~d in ord~r to roduce the ~reezin~
~WYF~.S~ n I~F,RC~llANTS' TR~NSL~ )N IjUi~l~,All INC.
. r! ",.~ nt.~ ttticrl nlld ~ cn~ Ir~ln~
Icl: (212) 344-~()U1i2~ )hl~W~ .~ Y~JXK. I'N Illlltl4 I;~u (~12~ 4.2-~K77 C om~ ul)l li undcd 'n 111(1~ h~
Wht. IJliKr~6~'111, J.13., ~ '.6 (`ARI. V IlI:lI'l~llr.
21~S~
FR0~ EL : I~IRR. 3.1995 ~ : 5g ~11 F 5 ` TR~NSLATION
,frfJm:
point of water. The ~luantity o~ the ~gent whiah r~duce~ th~
freez ~ nq point $~ re1~tl~rel~ ht ~o that th~ 6a~t ~oes nct eff10rs6ce. fiinae the salt used lla~ not b~en made w~ter-repellent, lt: can rapid~y be w~h~d ou~ under the ~ct~o~ of moisture BO th~t the freezing-po1nt reducin~ e~fect dsc1ine~
~e1ative1y rapidl.y. The produc~ion Or a ~alt-conlt~in1rlg crushed ~and or gravel i~3 riot ccnte~ap1~ted ln that publ i cat ion .
~ edera~. Rapu~lic of Germ~ny A 2~ 23 g3g desc~ibe~ the production of a ~a~t-containing f 111er aa ~gxegate ~or the constru~tion of road sur~aces in whi~-h a f in~ pOrOUB
mlneral ~ubOEtance (red ~ r) ie u~ad ~IB ba~e. The red fi.ller i~ treat~d wi~ a salt-con~ain~ng so1ution zo th2t the s~1ution p~natrAtes lnto the c~viti~ o~ the rQd f i 11er and the added 6alt dapo~i~s th~eln by drying. In ord~r to prevent an unc~Q~ira~1y rapid 1eAchlnq out of the 6alt upon the use of thi~ a~ent in road con~tr~::tion, thi6 fil1~r i8 r~adQ water-repel l~n'c ~y m~ans of sl~icon corpound~ ~ In t~.at pH~nt, ~he produation of a, 6a1~-oon~ain1ng cruished ~3~nd ~r gra~el i~ a~o proposed. A hardenab1e eynth~tic r~6i~l is used as binder rat:h~r than ce~ent, ~o 'chat at no time cluring the product.on i~ a w~ r-~ontnin1ng mort~,r preaent.
Fur~herm~re, ~3thoda o~ produ~ing Etalt-con~alning fine-~rain mixtures of B particle tlze ~ 3.e~s tl~an o. 2 mm in whi.ch the 6alt 1~i provided with wa~er repe11ency are known I~YI~R~ A~r3 ~1 RcllANr~ T~N~LATIo2~ RI~AU IN~.
nl. i hll~n~inl, Si- ntilR~. Icchll\clH .~nd Palcnt ~ Anh~
J:Kl~2.~:tl 11 I~R()~ YAY, ~IW YORI;. ~iï II~Y~ (21~ 422-1)877 C'~nuullhnt i~ulcd in l!l~n h~
WM HF.I~T!;~ ,J.l).. ;'H.E: ~.('.. 'i. ~.'AI~LV.HiR~'!;~'Ill FROI~I 21 q 1 1 5 0 ,Y~R. 3. 1995 q~ M P
l RAN SLATION 4 ~rom:
from various patents such a~, ~or in~'cancel Europ~an P~nt G ~22 7S3 A~, Federal R~pu~lic o~ ~exmany 34 04 271 Al, and P~ederal ~epu~lic of Germany 41 2~ 621 Al. These fine-gra$n mixture6 serve as ~iller al~o ~or tb~ produ~t~on of asphalt-bondod top eo~t~ of traf~ic area~ and ~g~in are ~or ~h~
purpo~e of preventl.n~ i~ing 3~ the ~ur~ce of th~ top coat, or at lea~ del~yln~ it.
T~e fine gr~nular mixture in aGcord~nce with F~deral Republic of G~rmany 34 04 271 Al iB produced by the dry grinding tog~ther of selreral somponents . In one va~ ant of th~t method, to be sure, lt i~ provl~ed th~t celnen~c be added to tho mixture. Thl.s measure, to be 6u~e, ~erve8 80~ y ln o~der to bi.7~d ar.y ~mall ~mount~ of mol~ure which may be pre~en~ ~o a~a to depend~bly r~taln the pou~;ability o~ the fine granular mixtur~ until it ~ ed. A wator-conta~ning mortar i8 not pre~ent, aithQr upon th~ product~.on nor upon tho uaa of this fine gr~nular ~nixture upon inclu~ion in tra~f ic area ~ur~ace6.
Since the prsportion of gravol in ~n ~sph~lt-bonded top coat i~ su~tantld~ gr~ater than the ~ti.pulat~d Amour~.t of ~i.ller mdteri~l, more ~alt can be ~ntroduced a~ m~an~ for lowering t~le ~rsezing poin~c and ln~o tha sur~ace-lay~r ~rixtu~e by m~an~ ~f the ~yntt atic grav2~L th~.n by m~anl c~f tt.e fillor. T31e avai~abl~ anno~.nt o~ in the totp c-~at i~, how~v~r, cu~t~ it~ally det~rmin~l~ive of the free2ing WYI~ ` ANI) ~bR~ A~'IlS~ l`RAN~;I AT~()N I~- Xl~A~
ir~ iclrl;s~r.~ s~t~ C~ t~tl l'~t~ T'rA~ln 1cl: 121~ .~2`)PIf2~t~ ltt~Al)W~Y. Nr~W Yt~RI;, ~Y 1OO~s~s l o~ [2121 422-~Z7 ~'onbultllnt l'~ In lwl~ ~
WM. I~k'R'l'!;t 'I-lsll. J.1)., t'l1.1,.. A.stMi. C'AR1, 5~. BERTS~ llF.
FRC1~1 TEL: 2 1 4 ~ i S O ~R. 3. l9g5 9:130 P~1 P 7 _, TRANSI,-4TlON 5 _ fronl:
temp~r~ture6 up to whlch the de~ired ~f~ect con~ nue~. ThiS
limit temperature ~hould, of ~our~e, be as low a~ po~ible ~or r~a~on~ of tra~f ic ~a~ety ~nd $or eubotanti~l avoidanc~
of the spreading o~ ~ditional ~alt as t~awing agent.
~ e ob; eqt o~ the pre~n~ lnv-ntlon, th~rofore, i~ to propose a method o~ E~roducins a ~yntheSic 6alt-containing gravel in accordan~e wit}~ the preamble to ~laim 1 by whlc:h a gravel c:an he ob~alned which 1~ o~ ~ubctanti~lly lmprovod stabil~t:y and i6 s~Jell-~uited for the production o. ~rAffic-~rea ~rf~c:e~.
Thi~ object i8 ~Chi ~vQd by ~ method of thi~ type having the fe~tur~ t fo~rth in the body o~ Cl~ t m 1. Advantageou~
further d~velopmcn~ of tho invention are contai n~d in Claim~
2 to 9. T~e inventi~n will be dcscribed ln f~rther dQtail below.
The inv~ntic;n p~ oses produc:ir.g ~I mixing-Water-containing mortar mtxture o~ ~nlt ~pre~er~bly NaCl or K~l) of ~ particle ~ize o~ at mo~t 0 . 5 mm, ~nd p~eferab~y at ~o~ 0 . 2 mm, ao well ~ mine~al ~lna~ having ~ p~rti cle ~lze of at mo6t 1 mm, and prefer~bly at most 0.5 ~m, and ce~nent. The ~nineral f ines c~n, ~or instdnce, be ~dded i.n the ~orm of ~nd or powder~d rock (partic~larl~ ~_x~er~d l~me6tone). This addition can be e~fected al~o ln mol~t ~tate ~o that grlts and grind~ whi.ch ar-3 obtain~d upon th~ tr~tment of stone and the dlsposal of which i~ expenslv~3 can ~e u~ad direatly ~or I~WYER~;' AND MJ.'RC HANT~;~ TR~NSLA'r~ON Bl'RT-J~IJ ~NC:.
I ~FJ,I I in~ l. Sci~mlfiu. Ii~h~uc~l ~nd Pillrnl T ~m,lo~
7.111~ 2g.111/~l 11 IlROA~)Wt~Y. N~W YOilK~ NV ~ tl2~ 47? ~7~
t;.~n~ullnm l:nuntl~ l9(13 l~y WM. 13r.RrEiC111-, J.l~.. ( 1~.1.. A.t .~ ~.A~î, V. IIERTSCI~I~
.. . . .. . . . . ..
..... .
21~4150 F~0~1 . TEL~ R. 8. 1995 12:;~8 P11 P 2 ` TRA~SLATION - 6 fro~t:
~hi~ purpo6e. It ~s partl~ular~y impor~ant that the grAin~
o~ ~alt h~v~ heen mad~ w~ter-repellen'c before the mortar mixtu~e i~ prepared. Th~ por~ion of ~ater-re~istan~ ~alt can ha~e been p~oùuc~d previouRly, a~antageou~ly in the form o~
a fine-grain mixture, ~or instance ~n ac:cordance Witll ~urop~n Pat:~nt 0 ~22 753, ~d~r~l ~epu~lic of Germany Patent 34 04 271 A1, or Federal R~public oP Germany Patent 4~ 2~ ~21 A1. To thi~ e~en~, the "salt po~ion~ m~y also contain ~
certain proportion of ralne~al ~ r~. [t iB import~nt th~t the mixing b~. e~ected very inten~ively in a po~itive mixer for a sui Irici~n~ period of time. The ~ ne reguired depends on the n~turq o~ the mixer and its manner o~ operation (i~or inst~ncer 6peed o~ rotation). In~uf~icient mixing lead~ to atl "e~L~lore~cence~ o~ ystal~3 ou'c of the ha~dening mixture, ~o that a par~ o~ the ~;~lt i5 no lon~er hound hy the cement in ~he matrix o~ the ind~idu~l gravel g~ain~, so ~la~
~he salt content of the gr~Yel gra,ins i8 accordingly reduc~d from th~ very ~t~x~. T~e amount of mix~ng water~ to ~e added sho-~ld ~e kep~ a~ tl.e a~ po~sible i~ o~der to produc~ a particularly ~rd gr~vel. The watar/cement rati~ ca~l lie wi~hin ~he ran~e of 0.3 to 0.~. Lower ~alues ~ive even better resu~.t~. Af~er su~cient mixlng, t3~ mort,~r produced i.5 ~rdened ~t le~st to a certain degree be~o~e ~ is c~ushed in a stone cru~er t~ thQ de~i~ed ~ize o~ qravel grains. A
par~icle Bize o~ at mo~t 5.6 mm i.~ p~ef~rably de6ired. The L.A~YERS~ ,4Nl~ MkR~ANTS~ Tl~ANSL~rJON BURF~ NC.
I.c~ inllncild. Sck~ c, Techn;~ nnd P,tlen~ Tr~nAlnlio~t~
'Icl: (212)34429~1~/2Yll 11 IIROA~'AY.Ni:WY~ K,NY IOU04 rax: (212)4~21-K77 C`~ntn~ rotlndtd in 190~ I-y WM. [~E~'rSC:llF" J r~ , A.('.X. CAI~L V. UERTSC~lF.
- 21~15~
FROM: TEL: MRR. 8. 1995 12:38 PM P 3 T~ NSL~'rION 7 J~o~
c:ru~ i.rlr.~ ~aJ~ b~ efl~ected as ~oo~:l a~ ~he mc~rtar i~3 clry ~nd h~F~
r~cl~hed a ~ f}.~ nt~ min.iln-Atn ~tre~l~th, i .e. coml~let.e cl ~ r~ bef~o~ t.l1~ cr~l~3~ C3 i ~ ~o~ n~e,~t~ .^y . ~:t i~; mere~.y ncce~ ;ry ~r Ll F3tren~t]~ t:o b~3 obt~i.ned w:it-h Whi.C}l ~n ~ def~:i r~}ly }li~ pr~poli;on os~ e~ Sl~ lol~r~e3- o~t.~ ed UpUIl t:~'le (~ tl~ , T~le fi~a-L harc3ellin~ can a:l ~o take plac~æ
read~ .y in cr~Rhed c~olldi.t:ion.
I t. i~ cld~ ;a~3 e ~o ~1~sf3.ify t-he ~rllshed prodllct, t~.h~3 propcJ3.^ti os~ of` ~ ef) bei.~y r~tmov~3~:~ . Pre~:erab].y, p~ .i cle-.c~ .e f~-acti.oll.c: wi.~ in the rallge c~i~ O . 0~3 l;c~ 5 . G mm are de,~ Aed f~o~.^
-he ,sy~l~.het:i.c g~Avel~ A~ ur~ dev~lopment o~ e ii~ven~iorl, a ~.i.be~.^ mat~eri23~ p~3rt i.çu~ ar fiber~la~.s n1~t.er^ia1, i.s Fldded l:~o tht3 mort ar dur.l.t~g t~he mixillg . lt i~
~ part-1cu}.c~rly advi r~a~.e ~o use fC7l~ t.~ 3 a recyGl~d mt~ricll J whi.cll .is ol~ ined ~y ~:hredding l-iber~la~3s rei.llf.~ced pl~t;ic !
~w~ e. In thi~ cvl~nectic~l~, otlly t.he c~arf;~ porticn havin~
er ] ~n~t:h o :~ - 8 mm r.hould ~e u~ed, p~r~i.ç~llarly t~L.t~ e : ~ine port:.i.onr~ Can b~. u,~ed a~ain fc.r t-he prc)dllc1;:i.0n o~ W
~ib~r~ 3 rei.nforced p1a~t~ . AA a reSI11t 0~ t.~ er n~teria~ ~ t.he imp~l~t ~3t.l^engl~:}l of ~:he ~rt3.~Jel. ~ra1nR i..~ yr~c~ y . improv~ 'u;rtherrnor~, t~1ere i~ t h~ adv~ ;a~ th~t, upon t~.he sub~ n~ product..i~l1 o~ a nlixtu~e for. ~h~ suracing o~
trai~fic ~l ea, t~le af:ph~ adheJ^F~.~ f3ub~ant.ial1y ~tter ~o the ~rai~ 4r2~vel.
\YYER~' hND ~ERCH~NTS' T~ANSLA'r]ON ~3UR~U INC.
I.c~ ~l. r;nnn~ icscnlirlc. rcchnlcal nnd PN~CI1l T~n~IaI;On~
Icl: ~212)344-293(l/29~1ll !~ROAI)~VA~',NE\VYORK.NY llX~ x: (217)4~2-l.~7 ~on~ nl , ~ound~d in IY0~ ~,y . Hl:.RTSC~ . J.r).. C`l1.E., ,~.C`.S. CARL V. F~ 1SC11F, FR0~1 ' TEL: 2 1 4 ~1 5 0 M~ 3.1gg5 ~ P 8 TRANSI_ATION
fro~
The compo&i~ion o~ the mor~ar ~nlxtur~3 ls pr~f~rably w~thin the followlng ran~es~
~0 - ~o w~i~ht per cent ~-~t~r-repellirg ~a~.t 5 - 30 partB by w~lght mineral f$ne~
10 - 40 per cont by weiyht cement ~ - 2$ part~ ~y ~lght w~ter In addition, fl prcport ~ on of ~ to B parta by volume c~
~ibe~ ~ateri~l can ~ ~dd~d to the r~ort~r ~r.i.xture.
Fin~lly, the u~e~u~ne~E ~ th~ ~ynthetic gravel produGed in accordanco with th~ invention c~n ~ further improved in the ~ann~r that th~ ~alt whi~h h~ ~een made water-repellent ~or in~tance Na~l, X~].~ ic ~rsated wlth ~ anti-corrosion a~ent before the mixlng. In thl~ way, the corro~on p~ten~iul which lncre~ses a~ a result o~ the content of salt and could oauss di~advan~asee ir. part~.cular on ~ hway struat~re6 (f3r in~tance, bri~e ~tructures~ ie avoided.
The formation of impor~ie~lbly 14rge cav~ties in the ~urf~ce l~yer which would le~d to a prematu~e wear of th~
surf~c~ layer ia avo~d~d by th~ following e~ct~ when us~ng ~he ~r~vel preparod in Accord~nce with the inventlon. The use of a partiouli~rly ~ine-grain ~talt reduca~ ~ccor~inqly the pot3~ible pore 812~ in the ind1vidual ~raln~ of gravel.
Furthermore, by the w~ter-repelllng treatment, the leachlng out by surfac:e wat~3r ~e ~ubE~t~nt~ ~lly reduce~ or ~res~l~
delayed in time. I~ a~dition, du~ to the ~n~o~po~at~orl of LAWY1~ r~ M~:R~lTlt~N~S~ TR~NsLhJ 1nN 1~REAIJ TN~l, Ci~ ir~ . Ic~hllic~ nl~n~ ,lb r.l Ill?l 344 2~N1t~ N llhl).~ Y~ N~ YC)RR. N`t lU4ll4 I`~x ~ l 4?,.*i~7 .ull~ inl~ in l'Jl~
Wlvt. IlFRT.~C`l~F~ J.'~., 1 H.l.. A.~ 11, V, Hl R'l'~ 1t.
214~
FRO~I TEL~ R. 3. 1955 9:~1 RM P 3 TRANSLATION _ g m:
fil~er material, the atrongth r~ma~n~ ~rom ~he ~ta~t a'c su~stantially high~ va lues, even ln the ca~e of le~ched grain~ o~ gravel. Findlly, t~e ll~nitinq ol~ the BiZ6! 0~ the g~aln~ o~ gravel to ~t mo~ 5. 6 mm ha~ the re6ul~ that the hollow ~pace produced ln the top co~t c~n als~ am.Qunt to at mo~t 5 . 6 mm even ln the ev~nt o~ ~he ~estruction of an ir~diYidual gr~in of grav~l~
A~ a wh~lo, thi~ results ln A consi~erable ~engthening of the life of th~ Qurface layer. There ls ~urt~ermo~e the ~c~vantage that, du~ to th~ smaller size of the grains of gravel, a finer and more ~ni~orm di~trlbution o~ ~he s~lt in the ~urf~ce layer ~ btaines~. Ths "active" eur ac:e of the portion of salt i5 ln th1~ connection incre~6ed as co~parsd with the traditional coaree synt~eti~ gra~e~, eo ~hat the th~wing ~c4ion of the ~alt ie partloul~rly good. Of COUr813, it iB possible to use the gra~el of t~e inven~ion in a ~urf~ce layer toqether w~th, ~t the 5a~ne tin~e, a filler, which ~ e ha~ 'che ef~ct of red~lc~ n~ the freezi~g point . In this wsty, the ef fect of~ inhl~iting tho ~or~nation ef ice i8 a~sur~d at even conslderably lowor temper4turen than were poe~ible up to now.
Due to the wa~r r-p~lllng, t~t~t gravel produa~d in accordan¢e Wi~h the lnvention can ~1BO be u~,ed ~r surfAce ~ayers other than a~phalt-bondQd cn~s, ~or in~tance surface layers having a ~a~e o~ conar~e m~x~it~.
I,AW~'I`R.S' ~Nn ~RC'~ANTS' TR~NSl~TI~ UR~Al~!~Ct.
t ~ , r i ,~",-~i"~ t n~i Ih - iCthni~hi tlntt l~ t 11~ 1 rllnl.~
Ici t212~ l442~1n'1.1~ llW~ ;rw Y~`RK. ~iY lltl~14 F~Y: 1?1') 422-b~7?
(`~,n~ 3cd il~ It~ by WM. it~'Kl-.`i~'HI~,I.l~.M'~L~ 1. V. f~t:Rl'~'lt~:
., , , . .. .. _.
21~15~
FROI`~l TEL: ~1PR. ~. 1~395 5:la2 RM P10 TR~NSLATION
J
,lExam~le:
40 partc by wei~ht wat:or-r~pQllent ~lt ~produced in accordance with ~ed~ral ~publ ic of Gerr~ y Pat~on~ 41 29 621 Al. with a con~ent of NaCl ~f ~0 wt . %) 15 part~ ~y welght of min~r~l ~. ine~
35 parts ~y weight o~ cement P2 55 3 partc ~y wei~h~c o~ ~hrodd~r materl~ 1 f~om ~lb~ la3s rei nforo~d opoxy re~in wR~te havi.ng a parti~le ~ize c~ 1 to 4 mrn 12 pa~ts by weight w~ter w~re vlgorously ~nix~d in a concr~te mixe~. Th~ mixing time was at lQ~t 4 rninuto~3. P,fter a h~rd~ninq tlme of 7 d~y3, th~ ~ton~a block~ pr~duced from t,he mor'car mix~ure r.~ere cn~shed in 3 stor~e cru~her ~o ~I maximum pflrti~le si~e o~ 5. 6 mm . The propcrticn of f ino~ b~low 0 ~ ns mm wa~ ~c;r~d out and the reE!~t of the cru~hed m~terlAl w~ divld~ ~ ntc~ p~rticl~-~ize ~ract~ on6 o~ 0 . 0~ - 0 . 25 mmt 0 . ~5 - ~ . 0 m~ n~ 2 . ~ -5 . 6 mm. The ~ynthetlc crushed sandl ~nd ~yn'ch~tic gra~ thu~
produced could b~ wor3ced in an asphalt mix into a -oad co~t~ng whic~ r~ma ~ ned free o~ lC4 do~ o temperatUre~ o$
-8C~ The eXsmi.nation of ~3uch grav~l grainJ3 in impact I~WYI~X~ A~l) Ml'l ~ lANT~ TRAt~ N l3URL~AII lNC.
lcl: (21 1~ ~21~ p1~ WA~ W Y~Y~ ;Y ~ lX~ 2 ~
nmul~Nl~ nd~.d in I~JOl l~y WM 111111 I`S~ II, J l), ~ .1i.. h ~' li. t'ARI, ~ rrll SC~IF
FROlYf rEL: hRT~. ~. 15'95 g .3c ilf`1 FI 1 TR~NSLATION
~ 11 --fron?.
crus~Ling teBtæ WhiCh W/3~s carried out ~ftar in~eni~iYe lfefachi.n~
of thef grainefff of f~fravel wit~l wa~er ~howed t~trength val~;ffTffffs which s~tis.fy th~ requirements ~fade with ret~pect tOf thQ l~fe o~ the rofTId paving~.
I ~IWYEl~if~ At`~ff'D IYffl~t'lIANl~'-'`f~ 'I'RAN'.~I ATl~)N BT~JRI~AU INC`.
Tn~ n~;l'f~ lmicl-l ffn~ f~lC~t''rffft~fl~nff~lnf~
T~ 21'.~ Tf~2f~ lJ2fJ~ fl~flr~l~wAt ~f~.W rTl)~tK, ff~ XT~TI~ JI ,~ 42.~ .7?
( ~nwill~m i~ n~ i in 19Cf~
WM.JlfLR't'S~l!l.,J.l!.~ltl~ C:,~Rl,~'.Bl`.R't'.~C:llr
U 9AND ANDJOR GRA-!EL
The inventlon relate~ to a procs~3 ~or the manu~acture of a ~ynthetic 6~lt-con~lnin~ cru~hed sand and~or gravel ~or, the producti.on of top ~o~t~ o~ tr~ff~ c are~6 BUCh a~ road~ or footp~th~ in ~ccordanc~ wlth tho prea~b~Q to C~lain~ 1.
A proce~s of thl~ type 15 )cnown from Czech Patent 259 296 B1. In th~t proce~s, 40 - 70 parts by welght of ~Cl are mixed with lO to ~0 parts }~y weight of gr~nite ~ravel having a particle 6i z,e of at mol~t 4 mn~ and 20 - ~ pArts by weight af com~nt, ~ wel 1 a~ mix~ng wl-ter, ~nd harden~d . Addlticnal portions o~ sand and powde~ed lime~tone can be added ~ the ~i~cture. ~he h~rdened dry snortar mlx'cur~ form~ a ~o:lid block and i8 then brolcen up in a ~tone crusher ~o that a coar~ely granul~r material ~gre~el~ 1B obtainod. Thi~ ~ynth~tic gra~el can be ueed for producing ~phalt-bondsd top coat~ ~or traffic areBs. Due to 'cheir con'Cent of salt, the gravel pa~ticle~ which l ie on the surf~ce or are co~re~pondin~ly exposed by wear of the top surface re~ult ln a decre~e in the free~in~ point of water. In thi~ way, a~eurance can be h~d that, ror ~n~tance, road 3~lr~clng~ into which this material le embedd~d wlll remain ~r~e of ~ce ~t ten~per~tu~e6 I.,AWYl.l~ 1) Mk`~C`~AN I ~i` TR~N~il ATlON HI~Rr. AU IN~ .
"1~ ~ in~ i"~ <~ f~ CI~ l'rHll~ n!i 'Irl: (212~ 2~J31)/2~J.~I II 81~C~ElWAY,Nr.WYURK.NY l~ 4l~ 4~
C o~uiultu~ll ri \~n.1~d in l~ y WM. ~ lr. J.r~ .F.. ~'ARt. V. Il~!R~
FR0~ EL: ~lRI~. 2, lgq5 ~:59 ~M F 4 -TRANSLA'rION' ,~'ron1:
around the ~ree2ing point (for ins~anaa down to about - 30C~
and, ln the event of heavy snowfalls, c~n ~dsily be ~reed o enow ~ince the ~now doee not ~dherR. However, there i8 the ~isadvantage he~e ~hat the ~alt-s:ont~lnin~ ~ravel io necessarily le~hed out by su~ace water durin~ ~he cour~3 of 'cime; in other ~ord~, th~ gr~lns of salt are dis~olved to ~
con~lderable extent and th~3 solution iB ~lu~hed out. 0~ the ori~inal gravel partlcle~ re th~n still remaine only a ~keleton-llk~ ma~cr~ x havlng nurn~rou~ pore~. Thi~ mAtrix neoes~arily ha~ ~ ~cn~idar~bly ~educed i~npact ~erength a6 eomp~red wi~h the o~ig~nal gravol graln. Inve~tigation~ bave shown that ln ~he lmpact crushing test l~achsd s~ra in~ of gravel a~ a r~le no ~onger ~how the roqulred m~nimum ~rerlgth for a roAd surfAcing. U30 of tni~ ~ynthetic gravel, for in~taoce, for th~ formi.ng of a ro~d ~urface, may there~or~
have the result that, due to th~ traf~ic ther~on, ~fter advanaed leaahln~a, the por~ue ~ra$n~ o~ gravsl ~c~ul~.ing therefrom ~eak down and ~herf~ore collap~o, ~o that large c~vi'cie~t can ~e produced ln the eur~ac:a cov~3ring, they fin~lly leadin~ to prem~ture de~tructicn o~ thi~ cover ~urface .
From G~man Democr~tlc ~epubl 1c 271 3 4 7 A1, it i 8 known to produce ~ concrot~ t~ f ic ~rfa~ from a mortar composi.tion to whlch 2 - ~ c~ chlorl~e or ~lf~te con~ai.nin~7 compound6 h~ve bsen ~dd~d in ord~r to roduce the ~reezin~
~WYF~.S~ n I~F,RC~llANTS' TR~NSL~ )N IjUi~l~,All INC.
. r! ",.~ nt.~ ttticrl nlld ~ cn~ Ir~ln~
Icl: (212) 344-~()U1i2~ )hl~W~ .~ Y~JXK. I'N Illlltl4 I;~u (~12~ 4.2-~K77 C om~ ul)l li undcd 'n 111(1~ h~
Wht. IJliKr~6~'111, J.13., ~ '.6 (`ARI. V IlI:lI'l~llr.
21~S~
FR0~ EL : I~IRR. 3.1995 ~ : 5g ~11 F 5 ` TR~NSLATION
,frfJm:
point of water. The ~luantity o~ the ~gent whiah r~duce~ th~
freez ~ nq point $~ re1~tl~rel~ ht ~o that th~ 6a~t ~oes nct eff10rs6ce. fiinae the salt used lla~ not b~en made w~ter-repellent, lt: can rapid~y be w~h~d ou~ under the ~ct~o~ of moisture BO th~t the freezing-po1nt reducin~ e~fect dsc1ine~
~e1ative1y rapidl.y. The produc~ion Or a ~alt-conlt~in1rlg crushed ~and or gravel i~3 riot ccnte~ap1~ted ln that publ i cat ion .
~ edera~. Rapu~lic of Germ~ny A 2~ 23 g3g desc~ibe~ the production of a ~a~t-containing f 111er aa ~gxegate ~or the constru~tion of road sur~aces in whi~-h a f in~ pOrOUB
mlneral ~ubOEtance (red ~ r) ie u~ad ~IB ba~e. The red fi.ller i~ treat~d wi~ a salt-con~ain~ng so1ution zo th2t the s~1ution p~natrAtes lnto the c~viti~ o~ the rQd f i 11er and the added 6alt dapo~i~s th~eln by drying. In ord~r to prevent an unc~Q~ira~1y rapid 1eAchlnq out of the 6alt upon the use of thi~ a~ent in road con~tr~::tion, thi6 fil1~r i8 r~adQ water-repel l~n'c ~y m~ans of sl~icon corpound~ ~ In t~.at pH~nt, ~he produation of a, 6a1~-oon~ain1ng cruished ~3~nd ~r gra~el i~ a~o proposed. A hardenab1e eynth~tic r~6i~l is used as binder rat:h~r than ce~ent, ~o 'chat at no time cluring the product.on i~ a w~ r-~ontnin1ng mort~,r preaent.
Fur~herm~re, ~3thoda o~ produ~ing Etalt-con~alning fine-~rain mixtures of B particle tlze ~ 3.e~s tl~an o. 2 mm in whi.ch the 6alt 1~i provided with wa~er repe11ency are known I~YI~R~ A~r3 ~1 RcllANr~ T~N~LATIo2~ RI~AU IN~.
nl. i hll~n~inl, Si- ntilR~. Icchll\clH .~nd Palcnt ~ Anh~
J:Kl~2.~:tl 11 I~R()~ YAY, ~IW YORI;. ~iï II~Y~ (21~ 422-1)877 C'~nuullhnt i~ulcd in l!l~n h~
WM HF.I~T!;~ ,J.l).. ;'H.E: ~.('.. 'i. ~.'AI~LV.HiR~'!;~'Ill FROI~I 21 q 1 1 5 0 ,Y~R. 3. 1995 q~ M P
l RAN SLATION 4 ~rom:
from various patents such a~, ~or in~'cancel Europ~an P~nt G ~22 7S3 A~, Federal R~pu~lic o~ ~exmany 34 04 271 Al, and P~ederal ~epu~lic of Germany 41 2~ 621 Al. These fine-gra$n mixture6 serve as ~iller al~o ~or tb~ produ~t~on of asphalt-bondod top eo~t~ of traf~ic area~ and ~g~in are ~or ~h~
purpo~e of preventl.n~ i~ing 3~ the ~ur~ce of th~ top coat, or at lea~ del~yln~ it.
T~e fine gr~nular mixture in aGcord~nce with F~deral Republic of G~rmany 34 04 271 Al iB produced by the dry grinding tog~ther of selreral somponents . In one va~ ant of th~t method, to be sure, lt i~ provl~ed th~t celnen~c be added to tho mixture. Thl.s measure, to be 6u~e, ~erve8 80~ y ln o~der to bi.7~d ar.y ~mall ~mount~ of mol~ure which may be pre~en~ ~o a~a to depend~bly r~taln the pou~;ability o~ the fine granular mixtur~ until it ~ ed. A wator-conta~ning mortar i8 not pre~ent, aithQr upon th~ product~.on nor upon tho uaa of this fine gr~nular ~nixture upon inclu~ion in tra~f ic area ~ur~ace6.
Since the prsportion of gravol in ~n ~sph~lt-bonded top coat i~ su~tantld~ gr~ater than the ~ti.pulat~d Amour~.t of ~i.ller mdteri~l, more ~alt can be ~ntroduced a~ m~an~ for lowering t~le ~rsezing poin~c and ln~o tha sur~ace-lay~r ~rixtu~e by m~an~ ~f the ~yntt atic grav2~L th~.n by m~anl c~f tt.e fillor. T31e avai~abl~ anno~.nt o~ in the totp c-~at i~, how~v~r, cu~t~ it~ally det~rmin~l~ive of the free2ing WYI~ ` ANI) ~bR~ A~'IlS~ l`RAN~;I AT~()N I~- Xl~A~
ir~ iclrl;s~r.~ s~t~ C~ t~tl l'~t~ T'rA~ln 1cl: 121~ .~2`)PIf2~t~ ltt~Al)W~Y. Nr~W Yt~RI;, ~Y 1OO~s~s l o~ [2121 422-~Z7 ~'onbultllnt l'~ In lwl~ ~
WM. I~k'R'l'!;t 'I-lsll. J.1)., t'l1.1,.. A.stMi. C'AR1, 5~. BERTS~ llF.
FRC1~1 TEL: 2 1 4 ~ i S O ~R. 3. l9g5 9:130 P~1 P 7 _, TRANSI,-4TlON 5 _ fronl:
temp~r~ture6 up to whlch the de~ired ~f~ect con~ nue~. ThiS
limit temperature ~hould, of ~our~e, be as low a~ po~ible ~or r~a~on~ of tra~f ic ~a~ety ~nd $or eubotanti~l avoidanc~
of the spreading o~ ~ditional ~alt as t~awing agent.
~ e ob; eqt o~ the pre~n~ lnv-ntlon, th~rofore, i~ to propose a method o~ E~roducins a ~yntheSic 6alt-containing gravel in accordan~e wit}~ the preamble to ~laim 1 by whlc:h a gravel c:an he ob~alned which 1~ o~ ~ubctanti~lly lmprovod stabil~t:y and i6 s~Jell-~uited for the production o. ~rAffic-~rea ~rf~c:e~.
Thi~ object i8 ~Chi ~vQd by ~ method of thi~ type having the fe~tur~ t fo~rth in the body o~ Cl~ t m 1. Advantageou~
further d~velopmcn~ of tho invention are contai n~d in Claim~
2 to 9. T~e inventi~n will be dcscribed ln f~rther dQtail below.
The inv~ntic;n p~ oses produc:ir.g ~I mixing-Water-containing mortar mtxture o~ ~nlt ~pre~er~bly NaCl or K~l) of ~ particle ~ize o~ at mo~t 0 . 5 mm, ~nd p~eferab~y at ~o~ 0 . 2 mm, ao well ~ mine~al ~lna~ having ~ p~rti cle ~lze of at mo6t 1 mm, and prefer~bly at most 0.5 ~m, and ce~nent. The ~nineral f ines c~n, ~or instdnce, be ~dded i.n the ~orm of ~nd or powder~d rock (partic~larl~ ~_x~er~d l~me6tone). This addition can be e~fected al~o ln mol~t ~tate ~o that grlts and grind~ whi.ch ar-3 obtain~d upon th~ tr~tment of stone and the dlsposal of which i~ expenslv~3 can ~e u~ad direatly ~or I~WYER~;' AND MJ.'RC HANT~;~ TR~NSLA'r~ON Bl'RT-J~IJ ~NC:.
I ~FJ,I I in~ l. Sci~mlfiu. Ii~h~uc~l ~nd Pillrnl T ~m,lo~
7.111~ 2g.111/~l 11 IlROA~)Wt~Y. N~W YOilK~ NV ~ tl2~ 47? ~7~
t;.~n~ullnm l:nuntl~ l9(13 l~y WM. 13r.RrEiC111-, J.l~.. ( 1~.1.. A.t .~ ~.A~î, V. IIERTSCI~I~
.. . . .. . . . . ..
..... .
21~4150 F~0~1 . TEL~ R. 8. 1995 12:;~8 P11 P 2 ` TRA~SLATION - 6 fro~t:
~hi~ purpo6e. It ~s partl~ular~y impor~ant that the grAin~
o~ ~alt h~v~ heen mad~ w~ter-repellen'c before the mortar mixtu~e i~ prepared. Th~ por~ion of ~ater-re~istan~ ~alt can ha~e been p~oùuc~d previouRly, a~antageou~ly in the form o~
a fine-grain mixture, ~or instance ~n ac:cordance Witll ~urop~n Pat:~nt 0 ~22 753, ~d~r~l ~epu~lic of Germany Patent 34 04 271 A1, or Federal R~public oP Germany Patent 4~ 2~ ~21 A1. To thi~ e~en~, the "salt po~ion~ m~y also contain ~
certain proportion of ralne~al ~ r~. [t iB import~nt th~t the mixing b~. e~ected very inten~ively in a po~itive mixer for a sui Irici~n~ period of time. The ~ ne reguired depends on the n~turq o~ the mixer and its manner o~ operation (i~or inst~ncer 6peed o~ rotation). In~uf~icient mixing lead~ to atl "e~L~lore~cence~ o~ ystal~3 ou'c of the ha~dening mixture, ~o that a par~ o~ the ~;~lt i5 no lon~er hound hy the cement in ~he matrix o~ the ind~idu~l gravel g~ain~, so ~la~
~he salt content of the gr~Yel gra,ins i8 accordingly reduc~d from th~ very ~t~x~. T~e amount of mix~ng water~ to ~e added sho-~ld ~e kep~ a~ tl.e a~ po~sible i~ o~der to produc~ a particularly ~rd gr~vel. The watar/cement rati~ ca~l lie wi~hin ~he ran~e of 0.3 to 0.~. Lower ~alues ~ive even better resu~.t~. Af~er su~cient mixlng, t3~ mort,~r produced i.5 ~rdened ~t le~st to a certain degree be~o~e ~ is c~ushed in a stone cru~er t~ thQ de~i~ed ~ize o~ qravel grains. A
par~icle Bize o~ at mo~t 5.6 mm i.~ p~ef~rably de6ired. The L.A~YERS~ ,4Nl~ MkR~ANTS~ Tl~ANSL~rJON BURF~ NC.
I.c~ inllncild. Sck~ c, Techn;~ nnd P,tlen~ Tr~nAlnlio~t~
'Icl: (212)34429~1~/2Yll 11 IIROA~'AY.Ni:WY~ K,NY IOU04 rax: (212)4~21-K77 C`~ntn~ rotlndtd in 190~ I-y WM. [~E~'rSC:llF" J r~ , A.('.X. CAI~L V. UERTSC~lF.
- 21~15~
FROM: TEL: MRR. 8. 1995 12:38 PM P 3 T~ NSL~'rION 7 J~o~
c:ru~ i.rlr.~ ~aJ~ b~ efl~ected as ~oo~:l a~ ~he mc~rtar i~3 clry ~nd h~F~
r~cl~hed a ~ f}.~ nt~ min.iln-Atn ~tre~l~th, i .e. coml~let.e cl ~ r~ bef~o~ t.l1~ cr~l~3~ C3 i ~ ~o~ n~e,~t~ .^y . ~:t i~; mere~.y ncce~ ;ry ~r Ll F3tren~t]~ t:o b~3 obt~i.ned w:it-h Whi.C}l ~n ~ def~:i r~}ly }li~ pr~poli;on os~ e~ Sl~ lol~r~e3- o~t.~ ed UpUIl t:~'le (~ tl~ , T~le fi~a-L harc3ellin~ can a:l ~o take plac~æ
read~ .y in cr~Rhed c~olldi.t:ion.
I t. i~ cld~ ;a~3 e ~o ~1~sf3.ify t-he ~rllshed prodllct, t~.h~3 propcJ3.^ti os~ of` ~ ef) bei.~y r~tmov~3~:~ . Pre~:erab].y, p~ .i cle-.c~ .e f~-acti.oll.c: wi.~ in the rallge c~i~ O . 0~3 l;c~ 5 . G mm are de,~ Aed f~o~.^
-he ,sy~l~.het:i.c g~Avel~ A~ ur~ dev~lopment o~ e ii~ven~iorl, a ~.i.be~.^ mat~eri23~ p~3rt i.çu~ ar fiber~la~.s n1~t.er^ia1, i.s Fldded l:~o tht3 mort ar dur.l.t~g t~he mixillg . lt i~
~ part-1cu}.c~rly advi r~a~.e ~o use fC7l~ t.~ 3 a recyGl~d mt~ricll J whi.cll .is ol~ ined ~y ~:hredding l-iber~la~3s rei.llf.~ced pl~t;ic !
~w~ e. In thi~ cvl~nectic~l~, otlly t.he c~arf;~ porticn havin~
er ] ~n~t:h o :~ - 8 mm r.hould ~e u~ed, p~r~i.ç~llarly t~L.t~ e : ~ine port:.i.onr~ Can b~. u,~ed a~ain fc.r t-he prc)dllc1;:i.0n o~ W
~ib~r~ 3 rei.nforced p1a~t~ . AA a reSI11t 0~ t.~ er n~teria~ ~ t.he imp~l~t ~3t.l^engl~:}l of ~:he ~rt3.~Jel. ~ra1nR i..~ yr~c~ y . improv~ 'u;rtherrnor~, t~1ere i~ t h~ adv~ ;a~ th~t, upon t~.he sub~ n~ product..i~l1 o~ a nlixtu~e for. ~h~ suracing o~
trai~fic ~l ea, t~le af:ph~ adheJ^F~.~ f3ub~ant.ial1y ~tter ~o the ~rai~ 4r2~vel.
\YYER~' hND ~ERCH~NTS' T~ANSLA'r]ON ~3UR~U INC.
I.c~ ~l. r;nnn~ icscnlirlc. rcchnlcal nnd PN~CI1l T~n~IaI;On~
Icl: ~212)344-293(l/29~1ll !~ROAI)~VA~',NE\VYORK.NY llX~ x: (217)4~2-l.~7 ~on~ nl , ~ound~d in IY0~ ~,y . Hl:.RTSC~ . J.r).. C`l1.E., ,~.C`.S. CARL V. F~ 1SC11F, FR0~1 ' TEL: 2 1 4 ~1 5 0 M~ 3.1gg5 ~ P 8 TRANSI_ATION
fro~
The compo&i~ion o~ the mor~ar ~nlxtur~3 ls pr~f~rably w~thin the followlng ran~es~
~0 - ~o w~i~ht per cent ~-~t~r-repellirg ~a~.t 5 - 30 partB by w~lght mineral f$ne~
10 - 40 per cont by weiyht cement ~ - 2$ part~ ~y ~lght w~ter In addition, fl prcport ~ on of ~ to B parta by volume c~
~ibe~ ~ateri~l can ~ ~dd~d to the r~ort~r ~r.i.xture.
Fin~lly, the u~e~u~ne~E ~ th~ ~ynthetic gravel produGed in accordanco with th~ invention c~n ~ further improved in the ~ann~r that th~ ~alt whi~h h~ ~een made water-repellent ~or in~tance Na~l, X~].~ ic ~rsated wlth ~ anti-corrosion a~ent before the mixlng. In thl~ way, the corro~on p~ten~iul which lncre~ses a~ a result o~ the content of salt and could oauss di~advan~asee ir. part~.cular on ~ hway struat~re6 (f3r in~tance, bri~e ~tructures~ ie avoided.
The formation of impor~ie~lbly 14rge cav~ties in the ~urf~ce l~yer which would le~d to a prematu~e wear of th~
surf~c~ layer ia avo~d~d by th~ following e~ct~ when us~ng ~he ~r~vel preparod in Accord~nce with the inventlon. The use of a partiouli~rly ~ine-grain ~talt reduca~ ~ccor~inqly the pot3~ible pore 812~ in the ind1vidual ~raln~ of gravel.
Furthermore, by the w~ter-repelllng treatment, the leachlng out by surfac:e wat~3r ~e ~ubE~t~nt~ ~lly reduce~ or ~res~l~
delayed in time. I~ a~dition, du~ to the ~n~o~po~at~orl of LAWY1~ r~ M~:R~lTlt~N~S~ TR~NsLhJ 1nN 1~REAIJ TN~l, Ci~ ir~ . Ic~hllic~ nl~n~ ,lb r.l Ill?l 344 2~N1t~ N llhl).~ Y~ N~ YC)RR. N`t lU4ll4 I`~x ~ l 4?,.*i~7 .ull~ inl~ in l'Jl~
Wlvt. IlFRT.~C`l~F~ J.'~., 1 H.l.. A.~ 11, V, Hl R'l'~ 1t.
214~
FRO~I TEL~ R. 3. 1955 9:~1 RM P 3 TRANSLATION _ g m:
fil~er material, the atrongth r~ma~n~ ~rom ~he ~ta~t a'c su~stantially high~ va lues, even ln the ca~e of le~ched grain~ o~ gravel. Findlly, t~e ll~nitinq ol~ the BiZ6! 0~ the g~aln~ o~ gravel to ~t mo~ 5. 6 mm ha~ the re6ul~ that the hollow ~pace produced ln the top co~t c~n als~ am.Qunt to at mo~t 5 . 6 mm even ln the ev~nt o~ ~he ~estruction of an ir~diYidual gr~in of grav~l~
A~ a wh~lo, thi~ results ln A consi~erable ~engthening of the life of th~ Qurface layer. There ls ~urt~ermo~e the ~c~vantage that, du~ to th~ smaller size of the grains of gravel, a finer and more ~ni~orm di~trlbution o~ ~he s~lt in the ~urf~ce layer ~ btaines~. Ths "active" eur ac:e of the portion of salt i5 ln th1~ connection incre~6ed as co~parsd with the traditional coaree synt~eti~ gra~e~, eo ~hat the th~wing ~c4ion of the ~alt ie partloul~rly good. Of COUr813, it iB possible to use the gra~el of t~e inven~ion in a ~urf~ce layer toqether w~th, ~t the 5a~ne tin~e, a filler, which ~ e ha~ 'che ef~ct of red~lc~ n~ the freezi~g point . In this wsty, the ef fect of~ inhl~iting tho ~or~nation ef ice i8 a~sur~d at even conslderably lowor temper4turen than were poe~ible up to now.
Due to the wa~r r-p~lllng, t~t~t gravel produa~d in accordan¢e Wi~h the lnvention can ~1BO be u~,ed ~r surfAce ~ayers other than a~phalt-bondQd cn~s, ~or in~tance surface layers having a ~a~e o~ conar~e m~x~it~.
I,AW~'I`R.S' ~Nn ~RC'~ANTS' TR~NSl~TI~ UR~Al~!~Ct.
t ~ , r i ,~",-~i"~ t n~i Ih - iCthni~hi tlntt l~ t 11~ 1 rllnl.~
Ici t212~ l442~1n'1.1~ llW~ ;rw Y~`RK. ~iY lltl~14 F~Y: 1?1') 422-b~7?
(`~,n~ 3cd il~ It~ by WM. it~'Kl-.`i~'HI~,I.l~.M'~L~ 1. V. f~t:Rl'~'lt~:
., , , . .. .. _.
21~15~
FROI`~l TEL: ~1PR. ~. 1~395 5:la2 RM P10 TR~NSLATION
J
,lExam~le:
40 partc by wei~ht wat:or-r~pQllent ~lt ~produced in accordance with ~ed~ral ~publ ic of Gerr~ y Pat~on~ 41 29 621 Al. with a con~ent of NaCl ~f ~0 wt . %) 15 part~ ~y welght of min~r~l ~. ine~
35 parts ~y weight o~ cement P2 55 3 partc ~y wei~h~c o~ ~hrodd~r materl~ 1 f~om ~lb~ la3s rei nforo~d opoxy re~in wR~te havi.ng a parti~le ~ize c~ 1 to 4 mrn 12 pa~ts by weight w~ter w~re vlgorously ~nix~d in a concr~te mixe~. Th~ mixing time was at lQ~t 4 rninuto~3. P,fter a h~rd~ninq tlme of 7 d~y3, th~ ~ton~a block~ pr~duced from t,he mor'car mix~ure r.~ere cn~shed in 3 stor~e cru~her ~o ~I maximum pflrti~le si~e o~ 5. 6 mm . The propcrticn of f ino~ b~low 0 ~ ns mm wa~ ~c;r~d out and the reE!~t of the cru~hed m~terlAl w~ divld~ ~ ntc~ p~rticl~-~ize ~ract~ on6 o~ 0 . 0~ - 0 . 25 mmt 0 . ~5 - ~ . 0 m~ n~ 2 . ~ -5 . 6 mm. The ~ynthetlc crushed sandl ~nd ~yn'ch~tic gra~ thu~
produced could b~ wor3ced in an asphalt mix into a -oad co~t~ng whic~ r~ma ~ ned free o~ lC4 do~ o temperatUre~ o$
-8C~ The eXsmi.nation of ~3uch grav~l grainJ3 in impact I~WYI~X~ A~l) Ml'l ~ lANT~ TRAt~ N l3URL~AII lNC.
lcl: (21 1~ ~21~ p1~ WA~ W Y~Y~ ;Y ~ lX~ 2 ~
nmul~Nl~ nd~.d in I~JOl l~y WM 111111 I`S~ II, J l), ~ .1i.. h ~' li. t'ARI, ~ rrll SC~IF
FROlYf rEL: hRT~. ~. 15'95 g .3c ilf`1 FI 1 TR~NSLATION
~ 11 --fron?.
crus~Ling teBtæ WhiCh W/3~s carried out ~ftar in~eni~iYe lfefachi.n~
of thef grainefff of f~fravel wit~l wa~er ~howed t~trength val~;ffTffffs which s~tis.fy th~ requirements ~fade with ret~pect tOf thQ l~fe o~ the rofTId paving~.
I ~IWYEl~if~ At`~ff'D IYffl~t'lIANl~'-'`f~ 'I'RAN'.~I ATl~)N BT~JRI~AU INC`.
Tn~ n~;l'f~ lmicl-l ffn~ f~lC~t''rffft~fl~nff~lnf~
T~ 21'.~ Tf~2f~ lJ2fJ~ fl~flr~l~wAt ~f~.W rTl)~tK, ff~ XT~TI~ JI ,~ 42.~ .7?
( ~nwill~m i~ n~ i in 19Cf~
WM.JlfLR't'S~l!l.,J.l!.~ltl~ C:,~Rl,~'.Bl`.R't'.~C:llr
Claims (9)
1. A process for producing a synthetic salt-containing crushed sand and/or gravel for, in particular, asphalt-bonded top coats of traffic areas, in which a granular salt is mixed with cement, mineral fines, and water, the resultant mortar is extensively hardened and is broken in dry state into grains of gravel, characterized by the fact that a salt of a particle size of less than 0.5 mm which has been made water-repellent is used, that the particle size of the mineral fines is less than 1 mm, and that the mixing is effected intensively in a positive mixer.
2. A process according to Claim 1, characterized by the fact that the particle size of the water-repelling salt used is less than 0.2 mm.
3. A process according to either of Claims 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the breaking of the hardened mortar is effected to a particle size of at most 5.6 mm.
4. A process according to Claim 3, characterized by the fact that the broken hardened mortar is classified in order to obtain particle size fractions between 0.09 and 5.6 mm.
5. A process according to any of Claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that a fiber material, in particular a fiberglass material, is added to the mortar added before the hardening.
6. A process according to Claim 5, characterized by the fact that as fiberglass material, there is used recycle material which has been obtained as coarse portion with a fiber length of preferably 2 - 8 mm from shredded fiber-glass reinforced plastic waste.
7. A process according to any of Claims 1 to 6, characterized by the fact that the composition of the mortar mixture is preferably within the following ranges:
20 - 70 weight per cent water-repelling salt 5 - 30 parts by weight mineral fines 10 - 40 per cent by weight cement 6 - 25 parts by weight water
20 - 70 weight per cent water-repelling salt 5 - 30 parts by weight mineral fines 10 - 40 per cent by weight cement 6 - 25 parts by weight water
8. A process according to Claim 7, characterized by the fact that addition of 2 to 8 parts by volume of fiber material are added to the mortar mixture.
9. A process according to any of Claims 1 to 8, characterized by the fact that the water-repellent salt employed is treated with an anti-corrosion agent.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP4230545.4 | 1992-09-09 | ||
| DE19924230545 DE4230545C1 (en) | 1992-09-09 | 1992-09-09 | Process for producing a synthetic salty crushed sand and / or grit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2144150A1 true CA2144150A1 (en) | 1994-03-17 |
Family
ID=6467801
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2144150 Abandoned CA2144150A1 (en) | 1992-09-09 | 1993-09-08 | Process for the manufacture of a synthetic salt-containing crushed sand and/or gravel |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0659202A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH08501116A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU4943993A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2144150A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4230545C1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI951075A0 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO950872L (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1994005740A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117822371A (en) * | 2024-03-05 | 2024-04-05 | 中国电建集团昆明勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Road anti-icing method, device, equipment and storage medium |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19518111A1 (en) * | 1995-05-17 | 1996-11-21 | Mahmood Anwer Khan | Building material used in wide variety of uses |
| DE19638743C2 (en) * | 1996-09-10 | 1998-11-26 | Mannesmann Ag | Granular material, its manufacture and use |
| DE19843193A1 (en) | 1998-09-15 | 2000-03-30 | Mannesmann Ag | Process for the production of a spreading chaff covered with a binding agent |
| ES2507965B1 (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2015-07-22 | Corporate Planning Results S.L. | Anti-ice pavement |
| CN108285648B (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2020-07-10 | 华东交通大学 | Pavement asphalt deicing anti-stripping additive and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4094686A (en) * | 1974-06-07 | 1978-06-13 | Plastiroute S.A. | Road-surface additive for preventing ice and melting snow |
| US4296207A (en) * | 1979-06-11 | 1981-10-20 | Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft | Antifreeze protection of roads |
| DE2923939C2 (en) * | 1979-06-11 | 1986-09-11 | Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf | The frost-inhibiting aggregate for a bitumen-bound surface layer of a road and a method for producing a first aggregate mixture portion or the complete aggregate |
| DE3404271A1 (en) * | 1984-02-03 | 1985-08-08 | Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf | FINE GRAIN BLEND |
| DD271347A1 (en) * | 1988-03-31 | 1989-08-30 | Bauakademie Ddr | MIXTURE FOR FROST-SENSITIVE TRAFFIC SURFACES |
| NO176812C (en) * | 1989-10-13 | 1995-05-31 | Mannesmann Ag | Process for the preparation of a fine grain composition showing hydrophobic properties |
| CS113591A3 (en) * | 1991-04-22 | 1992-11-18 | Pavol Ing Kovac | Antifreeze ingredient into bituminous wearing courses of roads andpavements |
-
1992
- 1992-09-09 DE DE19924230545 patent/DE4230545C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-09-08 JP JP6506756A patent/JPH08501116A/en active Pending
- 1993-09-08 EP EP93918985A patent/EP0659202A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-09-08 AU AU49439/93A patent/AU4943993A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-09-08 CA CA 2144150 patent/CA2144150A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-09-08 WO PCT/DE1993/000848 patent/WO1994005740A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1995
- 1995-03-07 NO NO950872A patent/NO950872L/en unknown
- 1995-03-08 FI FI951075A patent/FI951075A0/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117822371A (en) * | 2024-03-05 | 2024-04-05 | 中国电建集团昆明勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Road anti-icing method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN117822371B (en) * | 2024-03-05 | 2024-06-04 | 中国电建集团昆明勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Road anti-icing method, device, equipment and storage medium |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO950872D0 (en) | 1995-03-07 |
| NO950872L (en) | 1995-03-07 |
| DE4230545C1 (en) | 1994-03-24 |
| FI951075A (en) | 1995-03-08 |
| JPH08501116A (en) | 1996-02-06 |
| WO1994005740A1 (en) | 1994-03-17 |
| EP0659202A1 (en) | 1995-06-28 |
| FI951075A0 (en) | 1995-03-08 |
| AU4943993A (en) | 1994-03-29 |
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