CA2097663A1 - Binder-containing fibre mats made from cellulose or lignocellulose fibres - Google Patents
Binder-containing fibre mats made from cellulose or lignocellulose fibresInfo
- Publication number
- CA2097663A1 CA2097663A1 CA002097663A CA2097663A CA2097663A1 CA 2097663 A1 CA2097663 A1 CA 2097663A1 CA 002097663 A CA002097663 A CA 002097663A CA 2097663 A CA2097663 A CA 2097663A CA 2097663 A1 CA2097663 A1 CA 2097663A1
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- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- layers
- outer layers
- fibre
- fibres
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
- B27N3/10—Moulding of mats
- B27N3/14—Distributing or orienting the particles or fibres
- B27N3/143—Orienting the particles or fibres
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract of the Disclosure.
A binder-containing lignocellulose or wood fibre multilayer mat for producing three-dimensionally deformed mouldings for the inter-nal panelling of vehicles is described. The surface outer layers are more highly compressed than the inner layer or layers mainly made from the same material. The weight proportion of the outer layers is at least 20% of the overall mat weight and the outer layers have an at least 40% higher compression. Each of the outer layers is formed from a plurality of individual layers, whose fibre arrangements are oriented approximately orthotropically to one another.
A binder-containing lignocellulose or wood fibre multilayer mat for producing three-dimensionally deformed mouldings for the inter-nal panelling of vehicles is described. The surface outer layers are more highly compressed than the inner layer or layers mainly made from the same material. The weight proportion of the outer layers is at least 20% of the overall mat weight and the outer layers have an at least 40% higher compression. Each of the outer layers is formed from a plurality of individual layers, whose fibre arrangements are oriented approximately orthotropically to one another.
Description
2~7~;63 B ~der-conx~inin~ ~lbre ~5~5 sade from fibres.
Binder-caneain;ng fibre or fibrous mats made from ~ell~loge or li~nocellulose .ibres (wood ~ibres), pro~essed by ho~ ~ressing to mouldin~s are known ~n nU~nerous difrrent compositio~s and are mouldet ~n the mo~t ~aried w2y5 to form sel.-suppor~ing ~ldings.
The shaping possi~ .tie~ o~ such fibre ~ats in ~he case of hot mouldin~ are ~n particular limi~ed by ~e lack of tensile strengt~
thereof. ~he low fibre cohesion of t~e m ~s compressea ~o only a moder te e~tent Yery soo~ leads to Cibre sepaIations d~rin~ ~he forming process, so that it is not alwa~ pos~i~le to a~oid ~a~ta~e Wlt~ re3pect to lo~ly fa~ mo~ldings.
ThereLcore in the pas~ Lrious attempts have been made with a view ~o impro~lng the shaping or for~i~g beh~iour a~d if possible linked with 2~ improvemen~ to the mouldi~g. In ~lmost 11 s~ch cases such an ~mprovement is o~n~d ~ the use o:E ~o-called Libre compo-site tec}~nolo~r, ~n which the wood fi~res ~re com~ d or 30ined in widely dilYeri~:Lg ~e~s w~th sy~Lthe-,ic or nat ~ 1 fibres.
The ter.hnio~l de~elopments i~ ~he state of the art can be classif~d briefly as follows:
enri~hment of the m~t sur~aces wnth ~dditio~ binders ~DE-OS 3,814, ~g6), non-homogeneo~s ~i~ae- distribution within ~he mat, also with enric-hment of bi~der~ ~n the ~at sGrface ~E-P-3~233,385~;
tra~f~r of t~P ~ormi~ forces ~rom ~he mould to the ~at blanks with the aid of ~a~r~ lagers for bet~er dis~rib~tion, bu~ i~ part-icular for ho~ogen;~.ing the i2~0dnctioQ o:~ fo:~ces ~DE-P-~,759~27~, DE-P--2 , 701, 480~;
incorporation of ~igher te~sile strength f~brics into ~he cantral la~er o~ ~ibre ~a-~ (D~-P-3,403,~70, ~P-~g 179~301);
ho~o~eneous incorporatio~ of ~e~slon-proo~ nat~ral or sy~hetic ~ibres in the ~ood ~ibre mat with subseque~t needling of the m~
~o ~ncre~e i~ fibre ~ohesio~;
~ntrod~Gtion of higher streDgth n~tural or sy~thetic fib~e3 in altern~ g la~exwise ma~er l~to the complete ma~ ~ol~me (D~-P-3,~17,787); and appli~tion o~ stahili~ s~ppor~s connected ~o the.~Dat ~nd whi~h r~n absorb te~sile forces ~- ~tlbs~tial~y e~tensio~-r~e manner aur~ng defor~ation~ s~ch layers being proposed in the ~onm of Gove~-ing layer suppor~s made ~rom higher te~sile strength ibres and whose thickness is negl;gible ~ompared with the ~b~e mat thickness (D~-P-3,721,663).
Althoug~, p3rti~ularl~ th~ough the com~ination of severzl of ~he zboYe me~sures~ of l~te considerabl~ tec~nological advances ha~e ~een made in the f~ld of tke ~rod~c~io~ of mo~ldings fro~ wood fibre mats, thR i~dividual me3sures ~till suffex ~rom deiciencies which are difficult to ac~ept- B~de~ concen~ra~ons in ~he SUr~-ace, eith2~ as additio~l gln;n~ or no~-ho~ogeneous binder dis~r-ibu~aon, admittedly i~flueuce the physi~al ~haracteristi~s o~ ~he ~iPi~hed ~oildin~ t have no i~fluence o~ ~he deformab l;ty o~
the fibre mats. I)e:Eonm~ios ~idS i~ ~he form of for~e ~ra~sfer fabrics bet~wee~ ~he mo~ld nd ;:~e fibre mat (sta~ i~ f~brics)~
such ~s haYe ~een ~d ~p to ~ow w~eIL compt;c~ced shapes are requ:~-red are ccm~licated7 cost~y and wear r~p~dl~. The in~orpor~io~
of fabrics i~to the ce~e of the mat also leads to incomple~e sol~tions of probl~mc. ~s the fonn~g forces are ~oduced via mat slIrfaces, tihe ac~on o~ ~he de~o~Ltion 2ids is onl;sr incomplete i~ ~6s centle of t~Le fibre mat, so t~t i~ not pos~i~le ~o ~void . . . .
., .. . ~ .
.:
' ':: . -.
2097~3 damage in the case of more complicated ~haping merely a~ a r~s~lt of the additioDal use of stabiliziD~ fabIics. I~Le ho geneo~s distri~tion of te~sion-~roo~ additional fibres ~ithilL a wood ~i~re mat and the con~ec~ion thereof to the wood f~bres by the needll~g o~ thre~ds ~d~it~edly le~ds ~o a ~ood di~;tributio~ o~ the tensile forces i~L~roduced, bue the needl~ng reduc.es the disp~aceability of ~he i~dividual fibres to such an e~terLt ~hat complicated shapes are greatly impeded, IIL additiorL~ in the c~se of s~ch mats it ls not possible to ;n.~l~ecce the ~urface characteristics z~d ~here-fore lso 11 the surfac~-dependerLt moulcl~ng characteri~ s.
As a~ e~ample re~ere~e is m~de ~o the ~o~ldi g s~rength æ~d stiff-~e~s as a result of impro~ed mechaDical charact~istics of the outer layers, the c~nd~ic~L effect, ~he s~rface dens~y, the water absorption and the ~dhesion characteristi~s o~ bo~diu~ lin;~gs.
The i~or~or~tiO~ of different reiDforcing fibres i~ alter~at~ng layers ~dmittedl~ com~nes the ~dv~ntages of homoge~eous fibre distrib~tion and good fibre displ?ee~b~l~ty, but it still does not make it ~ossible to influence the sur~e qus~ity of the sub-seaue~c ~ouldillOs.
In s~mmarizi~g, the problems can be characteri~d as follows.
I~ co~plicated mo~l~ln~s are re~Ired, it is s~ll Decesszr~ to steam wood flbre ~a~s, use ~ll~st~ge delormatio~ ~nd ~lso stabili-2in~ fsbrics, so that costs are increased ~a prod~ctio~ made more di~ficult.
The problem o~ n~en io~ ls to pro~ide wood i~re ~ats o~ the desc~ibed ~ype, whose formin~ or shapin3 beh~lo~r i~ improved witho~t addition~l ma~erial eæpe~di~ure.
This problem is sol~ed by the features o~ ~he rh~rac~eri2iQg ~art of ~laim 1, The ~ubc_~ give ~dvantageo~ further developments ~f ~he in~entio~.
~9~663 Due to ~he facl; tb~ the onter l~l~ers predetermin~Lg the suraces h~Lve a high~r compression compared w~L the Lnner layer or ~L~ers mainly ~ade from the s~ erial, there is f:Lrstly a~ i~crease in the ten~ile stre~th thereof without ally addition~ materi~l e~ dit~re. T~refore t~Ley axe able to transfer more tensile forces and act iIL ~Le s~me ~ay as the additional stabiliz~lg layers accordin~ to the p~ior art.
It is p~rtic~l~rl~r advarltageous ~at 11 the wood ,.ibre mat v2ri~ts o~ the prior ~t C~L ~e pro~ ea witiL the additional compression of ~Le o~3t~r layers accordi~g to the i~veIItiorL~ which does no~
restrict the fiela of ~se of such mats~
~nother adYæn~a~e of the mats according to -~Le in~el~tion is ~Lt ~lth z~ additional compre~sio~ of more t~n 40% OL Le Orlter layers, widh CO~tailL a~ le~st 20% by weig~t of the fibre materi~l o4 the mat, the total ~a~ thickILes~ is redu~ed. ~ibre m~ts of the descri-bed type are comp~essed and not merely sh~Lped duli~Lg mo~di~ produ-~io~. At points where ~he mould faces ~re appro~imatel~ paralle to ~he mo~lding d~rect~o~, shea~ forces oc~ur in t~e ~hre m3t, which le~d to tearing ~n~ lts in ~he mouldin~ The thl~k~ess reduetio~ of the ~ood fi~re mats a~cordi~ to t~e ~rLve~tio~ con~
eq~entlg crea~es better deîormation co~d~tions. IQ ~he central re~ion of ~he mat ~he fibre displaceability ~ecess~ry for the m~
aefo~}nability ~ ed, as a re~T~lt of ~he ~iven, red~ced ma~ compressio~ ne hLgh~ ~er~s~le ~tren~th o~ the more highly eom~:~essed outer l~g~ers ~ t~e res~ltin~ ~proved defor~ability of the wood ~ibre mats, ~e m~Lntai~ed good diYpl~ceability of t~e fibres i~ s~ o~ ~cb.e mat a:rld the improved ae:Eorm~tion con~
tiorls as a res~lt of the geome~ri~l drcumst~es improYed by the red~ced mY~ tbiclc~ess cooper~te iIL such ~ W~Ly t~t. OR, monldi the mat ~ ks to ~nolllded articles there is no need in most c~ses ~o steam the :Eibre ma~ bl~ks or use addi~onal t~sile orce~ s-fe~g ~ids, stl~ as f~ric s~pports.
Wood fibre mats of the described type are prod~ced by sp~eading the ~l~ed wood fibres o~o a mov~O bel~.. Thus, the ~ibres are give~ a pre~rred orie~ation ~irection .in ~he bel~ t~av~l direc-eion. The tensile ~ere3Ov~h of the outer layers having the hi8her compression is ~onseque~.ly E~lisotropic Elnd cransYersely ~o the mAt formation d~rection it is m~ch lowe~ ~han i~ the formation direc~o~. Ihis is disadvant?geouS Eor ~e shapi~ of ~he m~t~
to ~ouldings, be~se the ten~ile forces ~n ac~ and m~g~ ~e trans-ferred 12 a~ m~t surface directio~. If the more ~ighly compressed outer layer co~prises ~ pl~rality of i~d;vid~l layers, whose f~bre ~xran~ement~ ~re appro21~tel~ orthotropic to one another, i.e.
interse~t appro~ima~elg at Eln angle of 90, the~ this disadYEmtage is avoided a~d the fibre m~t has defor~atio~ chara~eristics ~dep-enae~t of the ae~ormation direction5, i.e. the later mouldiQg geom-etx~. ~he plur li~g of indiYidu21 layers ~rom which the more higkl~
co~pressed outer layers w~ orthotropi~lly orieuted fibres is formed, facili~ates d~r~ g mzt ~a~ufacture a comple~e orien~a~ion of the fib}es ~hrou~hout ~he ~olume of ~he ou~er layers, beca~se it is only necessa~ ~o ~I~Jhrough-o~ient~ the th~n individ~sl layers.
Thn~, a fibre orlen~ation~ in whicn t~e orthotropic orie~-~ation of the ~ibres in the i~dlrldual layers ch~ges i~ alternating m~nner can be ~d~anta~eous ~or ~; prod~ction.
Fxequen~ly wrth wood ibre mats are m4~ed small amO~Q~S o~ other ~bro~s mate}ials, e.g. polymer libres. ~n adm~n~ of less ~han 45~ lon~er no~-~ood fibres, based 03 ~he weigh~ of the o~ter layers, si~ ic~nt Lncreases ~he tens~le strengtk thereof and leads t4 a cle~r improveme4t ~o ~he de~ormabili~y of the mats. The term "longer fibresn relate~ to the length o~ the ~horter wood fibres, ~hich does not e~ceed 10 mm.
~ccor~in~ to ehe in~e~tio~ it has bee~ found that mats~ whose ou~er l~yers have a spe~iflc weight of more ~hs~ 0.~ g~m3, wherea~ the q~ecific weight o~ the ce~tral lag æ is ~etween 0.3 a~d ~.4 ~/cm3?
~0~76fi3 -- o have optîmam charact~ristics with respec-t to ~an~facture and ~and-ling of the mats, as well a~ the productio~ o~ the mouldi~gs, AlSo the handling o~ the mats in co~nect~on ~-th storage, cntting and tr~nspor~ation is f~cilitated by ~he more highly compressed outer la~ers d~e to the i~creased plate stiffness.
Ihe i~entio~ is aesc~ibed in greater aetail here~nafter relative to fi~s~ 1 and 2~ wherein show:
i~. 1 a diagr mm~tic section?l ~epr~3entation of ~he di~fere~ce between homoge~eously compress~d prior art wood fi~r~
mats and ~hose ac~ordi~g to the i~vention havlng compres-sed outer layers, i~. 2 a possibilit~ ~or the prod~etion o~ mats zccording to the inven~io~.
~etween the broken line o~tline ~,9' in fmg. 1 is shown -~he less compressed central 12~er 1 of a ~hlee-la~er fi~re m~t. Its density corresponds to the conve~tional de~sity of the prior art mats ~nd is between ro~hly 0.3 ~d 0.4 ~/c~. The t~o additionzl, outer com~ressio~ zones 2 o~ the m~t aCcor~in~ ~o the inven~ion indic~ted ~n dotted line form ~re inGreased b~ a specifieg aforeme~tioned dencity or decre3sed origiDal th;kknes~, which s;m~ltaneously redu-ces ~he total t~ickness of ~he ~z~ a~d ~ives a su~s~æn~ ly mater-~ ide~ical~ ~ore tensio~-Proof outer 12yer.
Flg. 2 shows ~arious spr~ading de~ic~s 6 ~or the form~o~ o, r~e o~ter l~yers~ the ~nt~icke~ed oe~ral la~r bP~ng spre~d by a ~urt-her spread~g ~ead 7. ~he ~evol~ing belts 5 onto which is spread the p~eer~bl~ ide~tical and ~reglned fibrous mater al~ reyolYe in the dir~c~ion of the ~rrows and convay the m~ts. Two ~ale~der ~olls 3 ~re prehez~ed a~d compress the ~wo outer layers 2 and, if necessary~ briDg abo~t the stsbil~z~tion ~hereo~ b~ soften~g ~ 7~97663 at least o~e compone~l. of ~he binder ana witho~t cros31inking.
~fter the mater~al ~ ows 1 ~nd 2 fvr~ing the over ~ g come together upstream of an end calender 4, the de~ree of com~ression of the central layer 1 can be aajusted. The alread~ more highl~
precompressed o~er 12yers 2 are no lon~er infl~znced in their compres~ion, but a~e adequately firml~ co~nected to the ce~tral l~yer 1 b~ the press~re of ~he calender rolls 4.
A ~ibre orie~2tion in ~he precompreSsea o~ter ~yers 2 of ~he fîbxe ~at 1,2 can e.g. be brough. ~out in ~hat ~he c~lender rolls 3 have s~rface p~erns, e.g. in the fo~m of sloping grooves.
Fig. 2 shows ~n e~emplified ~n~er how the three-lager mats 8 ~ccor-din~ to the invention can be produced. Ot~er procedures a~d zlso a larger ~mber of l~ers are possible~ For e~am~le~ ~a~ria~-ide~tical oute~ layers 2 cæ~ be separately prefabrica~ed and ~on~-ected in some ot~er w~y to th~ ce~tral la~er 1.
- . ....
Binder-caneain;ng fibre or fibrous mats made from ~ell~loge or li~nocellulose .ibres (wood ~ibres), pro~essed by ho~ ~ressing to mouldin~s are known ~n nU~nerous difrrent compositio~s and are mouldet ~n the mo~t ~aried w2y5 to form sel.-suppor~ing ~ldings.
The shaping possi~ .tie~ o~ such fibre ~ats in ~he case of hot mouldin~ are ~n particular limi~ed by ~e lack of tensile strengt~
thereof. ~he low fibre cohesion of t~e m ~s compressea ~o only a moder te e~tent Yery soo~ leads to Cibre sepaIations d~rin~ ~he forming process, so that it is not alwa~ pos~i~le to a~oid ~a~ta~e Wlt~ re3pect to lo~ly fa~ mo~ldings.
ThereLcore in the pas~ Lrious attempts have been made with a view ~o impro~lng the shaping or for~i~g beh~iour a~d if possible linked with 2~ improvemen~ to the mouldi~g. In ~lmost 11 s~ch cases such an ~mprovement is o~n~d ~ the use o:E ~o-called Libre compo-site tec}~nolo~r, ~n which the wood fi~res ~re com~ d or 30ined in widely dilYeri~:Lg ~e~s w~th sy~Lthe-,ic or nat ~ 1 fibres.
The ter.hnio~l de~elopments i~ ~he state of the art can be classif~d briefly as follows:
enri~hment of the m~t sur~aces wnth ~dditio~ binders ~DE-OS 3,814, ~g6), non-homogeneo~s ~i~ae- distribution within ~he mat, also with enric-hment of bi~der~ ~n the ~at sGrface ~E-P-3~233,385~;
tra~f~r of t~P ~ormi~ forces ~rom ~he mould to the ~at blanks with the aid of ~a~r~ lagers for bet~er dis~rib~tion, bu~ i~ part-icular for ho~ogen;~.ing the i2~0dnctioQ o:~ fo:~ces ~DE-P-~,759~27~, DE-P--2 , 701, 480~;
incorporation of ~igher te~sile strength f~brics into ~he cantral la~er o~ ~ibre ~a-~ (D~-P-3,403,~70, ~P-~g 179~301);
ho~o~eneous incorporatio~ of ~e~slon-proo~ nat~ral or sy~hetic ~ibres in the ~ood ~ibre mat with subseque~t needling of the m~
~o ~ncre~e i~ fibre ~ohesio~;
~ntrod~Gtion of higher streDgth n~tural or sy~thetic fib~e3 in altern~ g la~exwise ma~er l~to the complete ma~ ~ol~me (D~-P-3,~17,787); and appli~tion o~ stahili~ s~ppor~s connected ~o the.~Dat ~nd whi~h r~n absorb te~sile forces ~- ~tlbs~tial~y e~tensio~-r~e manner aur~ng defor~ation~ s~ch layers being proposed in the ~onm of Gove~-ing layer suppor~s made ~rom higher te~sile strength ibres and whose thickness is negl;gible ~ompared with the ~b~e mat thickness (D~-P-3,721,663).
Althoug~, p3rti~ularl~ th~ough the com~ination of severzl of ~he zboYe me~sures~ of l~te considerabl~ tec~nological advances ha~e ~een made in the f~ld of tke ~rod~c~io~ of mo~ldings fro~ wood fibre mats, thR i~dividual me3sures ~till suffex ~rom deiciencies which are difficult to ac~ept- B~de~ concen~ra~ons in ~he SUr~-ace, eith2~ as additio~l gln;n~ or no~-ho~ogeneous binder dis~r-ibu~aon, admittedly i~flueuce the physi~al ~haracteristi~s o~ ~he ~iPi~hed ~oildin~ t have no i~fluence o~ ~he deformab l;ty o~
the fibre mats. I)e:Eonm~ios ~idS i~ ~he form of for~e ~ra~sfer fabrics bet~wee~ ~he mo~ld nd ;:~e fibre mat (sta~ i~ f~brics)~
such ~s haYe ~een ~d ~p to ~ow w~eIL compt;c~ced shapes are requ:~-red are ccm~licated7 cost~y and wear r~p~dl~. The in~orpor~io~
of fabrics i~to the ce~e of the mat also leads to incomple~e sol~tions of probl~mc. ~s the fonn~g forces are ~oduced via mat slIrfaces, tihe ac~on o~ ~he de~o~Ltion 2ids is onl;sr incomplete i~ ~6s centle of t~Le fibre mat, so t~t i~ not pos~i~le ~o ~void . . . .
., .. . ~ .
.:
' ':: . -.
2097~3 damage in the case of more complicated ~haping merely a~ a r~s~lt of the additioDal use of stabiliziD~ fabIics. I~Le ho geneo~s distri~tion of te~sion-~roo~ additional fibres ~ithilL a wood ~i~re mat and the con~ec~ion thereof to the wood f~bres by the needll~g o~ thre~ds ~d~it~edly le~ds ~o a ~ood di~;tributio~ o~ the tensile forces i~L~roduced, bue the needl~ng reduc.es the disp~aceability of ~he i~dividual fibres to such an e~terLt ~hat complicated shapes are greatly impeded, IIL additiorL~ in the c~se of s~ch mats it ls not possible to ;n.~l~ecce the ~urface characteristics z~d ~here-fore lso 11 the surfac~-dependerLt moulcl~ng characteri~ s.
As a~ e~ample re~ere~e is m~de ~o the ~o~ldi g s~rength æ~d stiff-~e~s as a result of impro~ed mechaDical charact~istics of the outer layers, the c~nd~ic~L effect, ~he s~rface dens~y, the water absorption and the ~dhesion characteristi~s o~ bo~diu~ lin;~gs.
The i~or~or~tiO~ of different reiDforcing fibres i~ alter~at~ng layers ~dmittedl~ com~nes the ~dv~ntages of homoge~eous fibre distrib~tion and good fibre displ?ee~b~l~ty, but it still does not make it ~ossible to influence the sur~e qus~ity of the sub-seaue~c ~ouldillOs.
In s~mmarizi~g, the problems can be characteri~d as follows.
I~ co~plicated mo~l~ln~s are re~Ired, it is s~ll Decesszr~ to steam wood flbre ~a~s, use ~ll~st~ge delormatio~ ~nd ~lso stabili-2in~ fsbrics, so that costs are increased ~a prod~ctio~ made more di~ficult.
The problem o~ n~en io~ ls to pro~ide wood i~re ~ats o~ the desc~ibed ~ype, whose formin~ or shapin3 beh~lo~r i~ improved witho~t addition~l ma~erial eæpe~di~ure.
This problem is sol~ed by the features o~ ~he rh~rac~eri2iQg ~art of ~laim 1, The ~ubc_~ give ~dvantageo~ further developments ~f ~he in~entio~.
~9~663 Due to ~he facl; tb~ the onter l~l~ers predetermin~Lg the suraces h~Lve a high~r compression compared w~L the Lnner layer or ~L~ers mainly ~ade from the s~ erial, there is f:Lrstly a~ i~crease in the ten~ile stre~th thereof without ally addition~ materi~l e~ dit~re. T~refore t~Ley axe able to transfer more tensile forces and act iIL ~Le s~me ~ay as the additional stabiliz~lg layers accordin~ to the p~ior art.
It is p~rtic~l~rl~r advarltageous ~at 11 the wood ,.ibre mat v2ri~ts o~ the prior ~t C~L ~e pro~ ea witiL the additional compression of ~Le o~3t~r layers accordi~g to the i~veIItiorL~ which does no~
restrict the fiela of ~se of such mats~
~nother adYæn~a~e of the mats according to -~Le in~el~tion is ~Lt ~lth z~ additional compre~sio~ of more t~n 40% OL Le Orlter layers, widh CO~tailL a~ le~st 20% by weig~t of the fibre materi~l o4 the mat, the total ~a~ thickILes~ is redu~ed. ~ibre m~ts of the descri-bed type are comp~essed and not merely sh~Lped duli~Lg mo~di~ produ-~io~. At points where ~he mould faces ~re appro~imatel~ paralle to ~he mo~lding d~rect~o~, shea~ forces oc~ur in t~e ~hre m3t, which le~d to tearing ~n~ lts in ~he mouldin~ The thl~k~ess reduetio~ of the ~ood fi~re mats a~cordi~ to t~e ~rLve~tio~ con~
eq~entlg crea~es better deîormation co~d~tions. IQ ~he central re~ion of ~he mat ~he fibre displaceability ~ecess~ry for the m~
aefo~}nability ~ ed, as a re~T~lt of ~he ~iven, red~ced ma~ compressio~ ne hLgh~ ~er~s~le ~tren~th o~ the more highly eom~:~essed outer l~g~ers ~ t~e res~ltin~ ~proved defor~ability of the wood ~ibre mats, ~e m~Lntai~ed good diYpl~ceability of t~e fibres i~ s~ o~ ~cb.e mat a:rld the improved ae:Eorm~tion con~
tiorls as a res~lt of the geome~ri~l drcumst~es improYed by the red~ced mY~ tbiclc~ess cooper~te iIL such ~ W~Ly t~t. OR, monldi the mat ~ ks to ~nolllded articles there is no need in most c~ses ~o steam the :Eibre ma~ bl~ks or use addi~onal t~sile orce~ s-fe~g ~ids, stl~ as f~ric s~pports.
Wood fibre mats of the described type are prod~ced by sp~eading the ~l~ed wood fibres o~o a mov~O bel~.. Thus, the ~ibres are give~ a pre~rred orie~ation ~irection .in ~he bel~ t~av~l direc-eion. The tensile ~ere3Ov~h of the outer layers having the hi8her compression is ~onseque~.ly E~lisotropic Elnd cransYersely ~o the mAt formation d~rection it is m~ch lowe~ ~han i~ the formation direc~o~. Ihis is disadvant?geouS Eor ~e shapi~ of ~he m~t~
to ~ouldings, be~se the ten~ile forces ~n ac~ and m~g~ ~e trans-ferred 12 a~ m~t surface directio~. If the more ~ighly compressed outer layer co~prises ~ pl~rality of i~d;vid~l layers, whose f~bre ~xran~ement~ ~re appro21~tel~ orthotropic to one another, i.e.
interse~t appro~ima~elg at Eln angle of 90, the~ this disadYEmtage is avoided a~d the fibre m~t has defor~atio~ chara~eristics ~dep-enae~t of the ae~ormation direction5, i.e. the later mouldiQg geom-etx~. ~he plur li~g of indiYidu21 layers ~rom which the more higkl~
co~pressed outer layers w~ orthotropi~lly orieuted fibres is formed, facili~ates d~r~ g mzt ~a~ufacture a comple~e orien~a~ion of the fib}es ~hrou~hout ~he ~olume of ~he ou~er layers, beca~se it is only necessa~ ~o ~I~Jhrough-o~ient~ the th~n individ~sl layers.
Thn~, a fibre orlen~ation~ in whicn t~e orthotropic orie~-~ation of the ~ibres in the i~dlrldual layers ch~ges i~ alternating m~nner can be ~d~anta~eous ~or ~; prod~ction.
Fxequen~ly wrth wood ibre mats are m4~ed small amO~Q~S o~ other ~bro~s mate}ials, e.g. polymer libres. ~n adm~n~ of less ~han 45~ lon~er no~-~ood fibres, based 03 ~he weigh~ of the o~ter layers, si~ ic~nt Lncreases ~he tens~le strengtk thereof and leads t4 a cle~r improveme4t ~o ~he de~ormabili~y of the mats. The term "longer fibresn relate~ to the length o~ the ~horter wood fibres, ~hich does not e~ceed 10 mm.
~ccor~in~ to ehe in~e~tio~ it has bee~ found that mats~ whose ou~er l~yers have a spe~iflc weight of more ~hs~ 0.~ g~m3, wherea~ the q~ecific weight o~ the ce~tral lag æ is ~etween 0.3 a~d ~.4 ~/cm3?
~0~76fi3 -- o have optîmam charact~ristics with respec-t to ~an~facture and ~and-ling of the mats, as well a~ the productio~ o~ the mouldi~gs, AlSo the handling o~ the mats in co~nect~on ~-th storage, cntting and tr~nspor~ation is f~cilitated by ~he more highly compressed outer la~ers d~e to the i~creased plate stiffness.
Ihe i~entio~ is aesc~ibed in greater aetail here~nafter relative to fi~s~ 1 and 2~ wherein show:
i~. 1 a diagr mm~tic section?l ~epr~3entation of ~he di~fere~ce between homoge~eously compress~d prior art wood fi~r~
mats and ~hose ac~ordi~g to the i~vention havlng compres-sed outer layers, i~. 2 a possibilit~ ~or the prod~etion o~ mats zccording to the inven~io~.
~etween the broken line o~tline ~,9' in fmg. 1 is shown -~he less compressed central 12~er 1 of a ~hlee-la~er fi~re m~t. Its density corresponds to the conve~tional de~sity of the prior art mats ~nd is between ro~hly 0.3 ~d 0.4 ~/c~. The t~o additionzl, outer com~ressio~ zones 2 o~ the m~t aCcor~in~ ~o the inven~ion indic~ted ~n dotted line form ~re inGreased b~ a specifieg aforeme~tioned dencity or decre3sed origiDal th;kknes~, which s;m~ltaneously redu-ces ~he total t~ickness of ~he ~z~ a~d ~ives a su~s~æn~ ly mater-~ ide~ical~ ~ore tensio~-Proof outer 12yer.
Flg. 2 shows ~arious spr~ading de~ic~s 6 ~or the form~o~ o, r~e o~ter l~yers~ the ~nt~icke~ed oe~ral la~r bP~ng spre~d by a ~urt-her spread~g ~ead 7. ~he ~evol~ing belts 5 onto which is spread the p~eer~bl~ ide~tical and ~reglned fibrous mater al~ reyolYe in the dir~c~ion of the ~rrows and convay the m~ts. Two ~ale~der ~olls 3 ~re prehez~ed a~d compress the ~wo outer layers 2 and, if necessary~ briDg abo~t the stsbil~z~tion ~hereo~ b~ soften~g ~ 7~97663 at least o~e compone~l. of ~he binder ana witho~t cros31inking.
~fter the mater~al ~ ows 1 ~nd 2 fvr~ing the over ~ g come together upstream of an end calender 4, the de~ree of com~ression of the central layer 1 can be aajusted. The alread~ more highl~
precompressed o~er 12yers 2 are no lon~er infl~znced in their compres~ion, but a~e adequately firml~ co~nected to the ce~tral l~yer 1 b~ the press~re of ~he calender rolls 4.
A ~ibre orie~2tion in ~he precompreSsea o~ter ~yers 2 of ~he fîbxe ~at 1,2 can e.g. be brough. ~out in ~hat ~he c~lender rolls 3 have s~rface p~erns, e.g. in the fo~m of sloping grooves.
Fig. 2 shows ~n e~emplified ~n~er how the three-lager mats 8 ~ccor-din~ to the invention can be produced. Ot~er procedures a~d zlso a larger ~mber of l~ers are possible~ For e~am~le~ ~a~ria~-ide~tical oute~ layers 2 cæ~ be separately prefabrica~ed and ~on~-ected in some ot~er w~y to th~ ce~tral la~er 1.
- . ....
Claims (5)
1. Binder-containing lignocellulose or wood fibre multilayer mat for producing three-dimensionally deformed mouldings for internal panelling of vehicles, characterized in that the outer layers giving the surfaces have a higher compression compared with the inner layer or layers mainly made from the same material, the weight proportion of the outer layers being at least 20% of the weight of the overall mat and the outer layers have an at least 40% higher conversion.
2. Multilayer mat according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the outer layer is formed from a plurality of indivi-dual layers, whose fibre arrangements are approximately ortho-tropic to one another.
3. Multilayer mat according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the orthotropic orientation of the fibres in the indivi-dual layers changes in alternating manner.
4. Multilayer mat according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the outer layers have a proportion of longer non-wood fibres, based on the weight of the outer layers, of less than 45%.
5. Multilayer mat according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer layers have a specific weight of more than 0.3 g/cm3 and the density of the central layer is between 0.3 and 0.4 g/cm3.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4218444A DE4218444A1 (en) | 1992-06-04 | 1992-06-04 | Binder-containing fiber mats made from cellulose or lignocellulose fibers |
| DEP4218444.4 | 1992-06-04 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2097663A1 true CA2097663A1 (en) | 1993-12-05 |
Family
ID=6460394
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002097663A Abandoned CA2097663A1 (en) | 1992-06-04 | 1993-06-03 | Binder-containing fibre mats made from cellulose or lignocellulose fibres |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0573039B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH06235153A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2097663A1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4218444A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2078087T3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8273201B2 (en) | 2004-12-21 | 2012-09-25 | Kronotic Ag | Process for the production of a wood fiber insulating material board or mat and wood fiber insulating material boards or mats produced by this process |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4342789C2 (en) * | 1993-12-15 | 1996-03-07 | Lignotock Gmbh | Process for the production of molded parts |
| DE4434876B4 (en) * | 1994-09-29 | 2004-09-16 | Dieffenbacher Gmbh + Co. Kg | Process and plant for the continuous production of a multilayer board |
| DE4438764A1 (en) * | 1994-10-29 | 1996-05-02 | Hp Chemie Pelzer Res & Dev | Cheap, lightweight, noise-absorbing laminate for use in automobiles |
| DE19535559C1 (en) * | 1995-09-12 | 1997-05-15 | Lignotock Gmbh | Hot pressed wood mats contg. binder, useful for making e.g. vehicle panels |
| DE19606262C1 (en) * | 1996-02-21 | 1997-04-17 | Glunz Ag | Medium density fibreboard rapid prodn. achieved by steam shock heating |
| US6197414B1 (en) | 1997-12-25 | 2001-03-06 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Fiberboard and manufacturing method thereof |
| DE10320686B4 (en) * | 2003-04-30 | 2015-02-05 | Faurecia Innenraum Systeme Gmbh | Process for the production of molded body base material |
| DE102005038734A1 (en) | 2005-08-16 | 2007-02-22 | Michanickl, Andreas, Prof.Dr. | Multilayer wood material plate for e.g. furniture, has middle layer made of very light, porous and pressure resistant chipboard and cover layers made of very thin and firm fiberboard or laminar material with well closed surface |
| DE102005057606A1 (en) * | 2005-12-02 | 2007-06-06 | Günther Isensee Modellbaubedarf | Process for producing a balsa wood chipboard |
| DE102009056581A1 (en) | 2008-11-25 | 2010-06-10 | Technische Universität Dresden | Blank with good storage properties, used for molding e.g. vehicle linings and claddings, is made by hot-pressing mixture of lingo-cellulose- and thermoplastic fibers |
| EP2695711A1 (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2014-02-12 | Dascanova GmbH | Method and apparatus for the production of a particle based element with precompression of a portion of the particles |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1100927B (en) * | 1958-03-04 | 1961-03-02 | Ind Companie Kleinewefers Kons | Method and device for aligning the chips of a chipboard for the production of chipboard |
| GB932927A (en) * | 1959-09-09 | 1963-07-31 | Abitibi Power & Paper Co | Oriented wood particle board and apparatus for producing same |
| FR2281214A1 (en) * | 1974-08-05 | 1976-03-05 | Azote & Prod Chim | Particle board with integral film covers - prepd by continuous adhesive consolidation between heated rolls |
| DE7535229U (en) * | 1975-11-06 | 1976-03-18 | G. Siempelkamp & Co, 4150 Krefeld | CHIPBOARD, FIBERBOARD OR THE SAME |
| US4283450A (en) * | 1976-11-05 | 1981-08-11 | Masonite Corporation | Product containing high density skins |
| JPS5876561A (en) * | 1981-10-02 | 1983-05-09 | ギユンタ−・ハ−・キス | Multilayer fiber mat and production thereof |
| DE3233385C2 (en) * | 1981-10-02 | 1984-05-17 | Günter Hans 1000 Berlin Kiss | Multi-layer fiber composite and process for its manufacture |
| SE458839B (en) * | 1988-03-16 | 1989-05-16 | Inst Traeteknisk Forskning | PROCEDURES FOR THE PREPARATION OF CHEESE DISCOVERED MACHINES DETAILED ACCORDING TO THE PROCEDURE |
-
1992
- 1992-06-04 DE DE4218444A patent/DE4218444A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-06-03 DE DE59300524T patent/DE59300524D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-06-03 CA CA002097663A patent/CA2097663A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-06-03 EP EP93108937A patent/EP0573039B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-03 JP JP5156394A patent/JPH06235153A/en active Pending
- 1993-06-03 ES ES93108937T patent/ES2078087T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8273201B2 (en) | 2004-12-21 | 2012-09-25 | Kronotic Ag | Process for the production of a wood fiber insulating material board or mat and wood fiber insulating material boards or mats produced by this process |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59300524D1 (en) | 1995-10-05 |
| DE4218444A1 (en) | 1993-12-09 |
| EP0573039A1 (en) | 1993-12-08 |
| JPH06235153A (en) | 1994-08-23 |
| EP0573039B1 (en) | 1995-08-30 |
| ES2078087T3 (en) | 1995-12-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20000925 |