CA2039176C - Truck for low platform cars - Google Patents
Truck for low platform cars Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2039176C CA2039176C CA002039176A CA2039176A CA2039176C CA 2039176 C CA2039176 C CA 2039176C CA 002039176 A CA002039176 A CA 002039176A CA 2039176 A CA2039176 A CA 2039176A CA 2039176 C CA2039176 C CA 2039176C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- wheel
- undercarriage
- wheels
- frame
- truck
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
- B61C9/00—Locomotives or motor railcars characterised by the type of transmission system used; Transmission systems specially adapted for locomotives or motor railcars
- B61C9/38—Transmission systems in or for locomotives or motor railcars with electric motor propulsion
- B61C9/52—Transmission systems in or for locomotives or motor railcars with electric motor propulsion with transmission shafts at an angle to the driving axles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D13/00—Tramway vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F3/00—Types of bogies
- B61F3/12—Types of bogies specially modified for carrying adjacent vehicle bodies of articulated trains
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F3/00—Types of bogies
- B61F3/16—Types of bogies with a separate axle for each wheel
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
- Handcart (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Massaging Devices (AREA)
- Vehicle Step Arrangements And Article Storage (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
In this bogie (1) the static and dynamic forces are absorbed by the frame (5). In designing the body unit fitted on the frame (5), therefore, only the unit's own weight and the passenger load are significant, thus facilitating the use of extremely lightly-built vehicle bodies. The bogie (1) consists of single-wheel drive units (2), a longeron (3) interconnecting them, on each long side of a drive (4), the frames (5) bearing the end unit (9) and a drive control (6) for turning the single-wheel drive units (2) horizontally depending on the curves. A wheelless central unit (10) is supported on each short side on the bogie (1) via a joint (8). A push-pull device (7) engages with the short side opposite the joint (8). There are no lobbies inside the vehicle which is thus freely accessible. In the region of bogie there are recesses in the form of wheel-boxes in which certain parts of the bogie (1) are arranged.
Description
TRUCK FOR LOW-PLATFORM CARS
The present invention relates to a truck for low-platform cars having cranked wheel bridges, with individual wheels arranged on the wheel bridges and with a truck frame.
From French Unexamined Application 2 573 715 a truck is known on which car bodies with lowered floors can rest. Each wheel is provided with its own axle. The axles are connected per set of wheels with a rigid axle lying below the wheel center point. A truck frame consisting of longitudinal and transverse members lies on the axles on the inner side of the wheels. In the center of the longitudinal member a secondary springing is provided for the supporting of two car bodies.
The disadvantage of this known arrangement is that, despite cranked wheel-set axles, pedestals are unavoidable within the car. The axles on the wheel inner side and the truck frame supported thereon reduce the lowered floor surface and require within the car cut outs in the form of pedestals and shoulders.
Furthermore, the rigid arrangement of the cranked wheel set axles no longer satisfy the demands made on modern trucks.
The invention is directed at remedying this.
The invention, as set forth in the claims, solves the task of developing a low-platform truck with truck frame in such a manner that the low-platform car body is supported by the truck frame and that the difficulties occurring upon traveling over sections with curves are, however, nevertheless avoided.
- la -In accordance with one aspect of the present invention there is provided an undercarriage for low-floored rail trucks, the undercarriage having independent steerable wheels and angled wheel-bridges, the wheel-bridges being connected to one another by a longitudinal carrier, and to an undercarriage frame, wherein support of the undercarriage frame is provided on an outer face of the wheels, and the position of the wheels can be varied in an arc depending on the radius of curve navigated.
The present invention relates to a truck for low-platform cars having cranked wheel bridges, with individual wheels arranged on the wheel bridges and with a truck frame.
From French Unexamined Application 2 573 715 a truck is known on which car bodies with lowered floors can rest. Each wheel is provided with its own axle. The axles are connected per set of wheels with a rigid axle lying below the wheel center point. A truck frame consisting of longitudinal and transverse members lies on the axles on the inner side of the wheels. In the center of the longitudinal member a secondary springing is provided for the supporting of two car bodies.
The disadvantage of this known arrangement is that, despite cranked wheel-set axles, pedestals are unavoidable within the car. The axles on the wheel inner side and the truck frame supported thereon reduce the lowered floor surface and require within the car cut outs in the form of pedestals and shoulders.
Furthermore, the rigid arrangement of the cranked wheel set axles no longer satisfy the demands made on modern trucks.
The invention is directed at remedying this.
The invention, as set forth in the claims, solves the task of developing a low-platform truck with truck frame in such a manner that the low-platform car body is supported by the truck frame and that the difficulties occurring upon traveling over sections with curves are, however, nevertheless avoided.
- la -In accordance with one aspect of the present invention there is provided an undercarriage for low-floored rail trucks, the undercarriage having independent steerable wheels and angled wheel-bridges, the wheel-bridges being connected to one another by a longitudinal carrier, and to an undercarriage frame, wherein support of the undercarriage frame is provided on an outer face of the wheels, and the position of the wheels can be varied in an arc depending on the radius of curve navigated.
The advantages obtained by the present invention reside essentially in the fact that a step-less low-platform car body provided with a continuous floor and of extremely light construction can be used and that, despite the truck frame which bears the car body, travel around curves can be effected silently and without wear. Furthermore, by the invention complete preassembly of the truck is made possible so that the car bodies need then merely to be placed on the truck frame and attached to it.
The invention will be described below with reference to the drawing, which shows merely one embodiment. In the drawing:
Figure 1 is an outside view of a three-part low-platform car with trucks in accordance with the invention;
Figure 2 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of the low-platform truck of Fig. 1;
Figure 3 is a horizontal longitudinal section through the low-platform truck of Fig. 1;
Figure 4 is a view in elevation of a truck according to the invention;
Figure 5 shows the truck of the invention in a horizontal projection of the low platform car of Fig. 1.
Figure 6 is an elevation of the truck of the invention shown in Fig. 4;
Figure 7 is a horizontal projection of the truck of the invention shown in Fig. 5;
Figure 8 is a section along the line AA of Fig. 7 through a single-wheel individual running gear with body springing supported on the transmission housing;
The invention will be described below with reference to the drawing, which shows merely one embodiment. In the drawing:
Figure 1 is an outside view of a three-part low-platform car with trucks in accordance with the invention;
Figure 2 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of the low-platform truck of Fig. 1;
Figure 3 is a horizontal longitudinal section through the low-platform truck of Fig. 1;
Figure 4 is a view in elevation of a truck according to the invention;
Figure 5 shows the truck of the invention in a horizontal projection of the low platform car of Fig. 1.
Figure 6 is an elevation of the truck of the invention shown in Fig. 4;
Figure 7 is a horizontal projection of the truck of the invention shown in Fig. 5;
Figure 8 is a section along the line AA of Fig. 7 through a single-wheel individual running gear with body springing supported on the transmission housing;
Figure 9 is a section along the line A-A of Fig. 7 through a single-wheel individual running gear having a spring carrier mounted on a stub axle; and Figure 10 is a section through a link connecting the end and middle cars.
Figs. 1 to 10 show a low-platform car consisting of two end bodies 9 and a middle body 10.
The end bodies 9 are each supported by a truck 1. The wheel-less middle body 10 is supported on each narrow side via a link 8 on the truck 1. The low-platform car is limited to rails 11. The inside of the car has no pedestals and can be reached without step via a footpath 12. In the region of the truck, the recesses in the form of wheel boxes 9.1 are provided below the seats 9.2, given parts of the truck 1 being arranged in said wheel boxes. The low-platform car is supplied with electric power from a trolley wire via a current pick-up 14. The truck 1 consists of positively controlled single-wheel individual running gears 2, a longitudinal driver 3 connecting the single-wheel individual running gears 2 and, on each wide side, of a drive 4, a truck frame 5, and of a running gear control 6. On the narrow side opposite the link 8 a push-pull device 7 acts. A single-wheel individual running gear 2 has two single wheels 2.1 with stub axles 2.2.1 which are connected by a cranked wheel bridge 2.2 lying on the narrow side. On the outside of the wheel, wheel gears 2.3 and body springs 2.6 are provided.
In a first embodiment the body springs 2.6 rest via elastic spring supports 2.7 on gear housings 2.4. The elastic spring supports 2.7 permit a horizontal turning as a function of the curves, of the single-wheel individual running gears 2. In a further variant a spring supporting separate from the gear housings 2.4 is provided. The body springs 2.6 rest on spring supports 2.5 which are mounted on the stub axles 2.2.1 which are connected by the cranked wheel bridge 2.2 or by the longitudinal driver 3. Ball turning rim segments 2.8 permit a horizontal turning of the single-wheel individual running gears 2 as a function of the curve. In both embodiments, the body springs 2.6 which are developed as flexicoil springs and the resilient spring supports 2.7 dampen the rocking movements of the car bodies.
The wheel bridge 2.2 is articulated centrally by means of a pivot pin to a driver support 3.1 which, via driver rods 3.2 and a driver equalization lever 3.3, transmits traction and braking forces to the truck frame 5. On each wide side there are arranged on the truck frame 5 a drive motor 4.1 with spur gearing 4.2 and brake disk 4.5 as well as a spring-accumulator braking unit 4.4. The drive motor 4.1 drives, on the outside of the wheel, via universal shafts 4.3 the individual wheels 2.1 lying on the wide side. In a further variant embodiment, trucks 1 without drive 4 are provided. 2.9 Is an electromagnetic rail brake.
The truck frame 5 consists of longitudinal members 5.1 with spring pots 5.2 to take up the forces produced by the end and middle bodies 9;10, of an articulation support 5.3 lying on the narrow side for supporting the wheel-less middle body 10 and taking up the forces produced by it, as well as of a coupling support 5.4 which lies opposite the link support 5.3 and on which the pull-push device 7 acts. The single-wheel individual running gears 2 are provided on the wheel bridges 2.2 with steering levers 2.2.2 which are connected by means of a truck steering rod 6.1. For the horizontal turning as a function of curves the single-wheel individual running gears 2, the angle of articulation between middle body 10 and end bodies 9 is transmitted via a control lever 6.5, a steering rod 6.2, a deflection angle lever 6.3 arranged turnably on the driver support 3.1 and a control rod 6.4 to the steering lever 2.2.2 of the single-wheel individual running gear lying closer to the middle body 10.
After the complete preassembly of truck 1, the end body 9 is placed on the truck frame 5 and fastened to it by means of fastening elements 5.5. The middle body 10 is mounted with the articulation 8. End bodies 9 and middle body 10 are pivotly connected to each other by means of the joint 8. A central ring of a tripartite ball turning rim 8.1 is firmly connected to the pivot carrier 5.3 of the truck frame 5. An articulation shaft 8.2 lying transverse to the direction of travel is held in resilient mounts 8.3 which are arranged on a ring of the ball turning rim 8.1. A horizontally turnable rotary platform 8.4 is firmly connected to an outer ring of the ball turning rim 8.1. The joint 8 which operates in the manner of a universal joint permits the end and middle bodies 9, 10 to carry out not only rocking movements but also rotating movements in the horizontal and vertical planes.
In low-platform cars with more than three car bodies the center trucks 1 have a joint carrier 5.3 instead of the coupling carrier 5.4. In the case of two-part low-platform cars one truck 1 is provided with a single-wheel running gear 2.
Figs. 1 to 10 show a low-platform car consisting of two end bodies 9 and a middle body 10.
The end bodies 9 are each supported by a truck 1. The wheel-less middle body 10 is supported on each narrow side via a link 8 on the truck 1. The low-platform car is limited to rails 11. The inside of the car has no pedestals and can be reached without step via a footpath 12. In the region of the truck, the recesses in the form of wheel boxes 9.1 are provided below the seats 9.2, given parts of the truck 1 being arranged in said wheel boxes. The low-platform car is supplied with electric power from a trolley wire via a current pick-up 14. The truck 1 consists of positively controlled single-wheel individual running gears 2, a longitudinal driver 3 connecting the single-wheel individual running gears 2 and, on each wide side, of a drive 4, a truck frame 5, and of a running gear control 6. On the narrow side opposite the link 8 a push-pull device 7 acts. A single-wheel individual running gear 2 has two single wheels 2.1 with stub axles 2.2.1 which are connected by a cranked wheel bridge 2.2 lying on the narrow side. On the outside of the wheel, wheel gears 2.3 and body springs 2.6 are provided.
In a first embodiment the body springs 2.6 rest via elastic spring supports 2.7 on gear housings 2.4. The elastic spring supports 2.7 permit a horizontal turning as a function of the curves, of the single-wheel individual running gears 2. In a further variant a spring supporting separate from the gear housings 2.4 is provided. The body springs 2.6 rest on spring supports 2.5 which are mounted on the stub axles 2.2.1 which are connected by the cranked wheel bridge 2.2 or by the longitudinal driver 3. Ball turning rim segments 2.8 permit a horizontal turning of the single-wheel individual running gears 2 as a function of the curve. In both embodiments, the body springs 2.6 which are developed as flexicoil springs and the resilient spring supports 2.7 dampen the rocking movements of the car bodies.
The wheel bridge 2.2 is articulated centrally by means of a pivot pin to a driver support 3.1 which, via driver rods 3.2 and a driver equalization lever 3.3, transmits traction and braking forces to the truck frame 5. On each wide side there are arranged on the truck frame 5 a drive motor 4.1 with spur gearing 4.2 and brake disk 4.5 as well as a spring-accumulator braking unit 4.4. The drive motor 4.1 drives, on the outside of the wheel, via universal shafts 4.3 the individual wheels 2.1 lying on the wide side. In a further variant embodiment, trucks 1 without drive 4 are provided. 2.9 Is an electromagnetic rail brake.
The truck frame 5 consists of longitudinal members 5.1 with spring pots 5.2 to take up the forces produced by the end and middle bodies 9;10, of an articulation support 5.3 lying on the narrow side for supporting the wheel-less middle body 10 and taking up the forces produced by it, as well as of a coupling support 5.4 which lies opposite the link support 5.3 and on which the pull-push device 7 acts. The single-wheel individual running gears 2 are provided on the wheel bridges 2.2 with steering levers 2.2.2 which are connected by means of a truck steering rod 6.1. For the horizontal turning as a function of curves the single-wheel individual running gears 2, the angle of articulation between middle body 10 and end bodies 9 is transmitted via a control lever 6.5, a steering rod 6.2, a deflection angle lever 6.3 arranged turnably on the driver support 3.1 and a control rod 6.4 to the steering lever 2.2.2 of the single-wheel individual running gear lying closer to the middle body 10.
After the complete preassembly of truck 1, the end body 9 is placed on the truck frame 5 and fastened to it by means of fastening elements 5.5. The middle body 10 is mounted with the articulation 8. End bodies 9 and middle body 10 are pivotly connected to each other by means of the joint 8. A central ring of a tripartite ball turning rim 8.1 is firmly connected to the pivot carrier 5.3 of the truck frame 5. An articulation shaft 8.2 lying transverse to the direction of travel is held in resilient mounts 8.3 which are arranged on a ring of the ball turning rim 8.1. A horizontally turnable rotary platform 8.4 is firmly connected to an outer ring of the ball turning rim 8.1. The joint 8 which operates in the manner of a universal joint permits the end and middle bodies 9, 10 to carry out not only rocking movements but also rotating movements in the horizontal and vertical planes.
In low-platform cars with more than three car bodies the center trucks 1 have a joint carrier 5.3 instead of the coupling carrier 5.4. In the case of two-part low-platform cars one truck 1 is provided with a single-wheel running gear 2.
Claims (10)
1. An undercarriage for low-floored rail trucks, the undercarriage having independent steerable wheels and angled wheel-bridges, the wheel-bridges being connected to one another by a longitudinal carrier, and to an undercarriage frame, wherein support of the undercarriage frame is provided on an outer face of the wheels, and the position of the wheels can be varied in an arc depending on the radius of curve navigated.
2. An undercarriage according to Claim 1, wherein the longitudinal carrier has a carrier support connected articulately to the wheel-bridges, two driver rods connected on one side to the undercarriage frame, and a driver-equalization lever connecting the carrier support to the driver rods.
3. An undercarriage according to Claim 1, wherein a steering rod actuated by a control lever, a control rod pivoted to a steering lever of a wheel-bridge and a deflection-angle lever connecting the steering rod to the control rod and arranged rotatable on the carrier support are provided, the movement of the steering lever of a first wheel-bridge being transmitted by means of a truck steering rod to the steering lever of a second wheel-bridge, whereby the wheel-bridges can be controlled.
4. An undercarriage according to Claim 1, wherein single-wheel drives are arranged on the outer side of the wheels.
5. An undercarriage according to Claim 1, wherein the undercarriage frame is supported on the outer side of the wheels by box springs which are supported by elastic spring pads which rest on one side on gear housings and on another side on spring shock absorbers.
6. An undercarriage according to Claim 1, wherein the undercarriage frame is supported on the outer side of the wheels by box springs resting on one side on spring pads mounted on stub axles and on the other side via elastic spring pads and ball ring-mount sections.
7. An undercarriage according to Claim 1, wherein the undercarriage frame has longitudinal support members with spring shock absorbers at its sides and link supports with link members and/or coupling supports with push-pull devices for supporting and/or coupling to further low-platform cars.
8. An undercarriage according to Claim 4, wherein on each longitudinal side there is provided a drive motor with spur gearings, the motor being arranged on a longitudinal support member and acting by means of universal shafts on the wheels.
9. An undercarriage according to Claims 5 and 6, characterized by the fact that the box springs are coil springs.
10. An undercarriage according to Claim 7, wherein the link member arranged at a joint support has a ball ring-mount comprising an inner, a central and an outer ring, a link shaft lying transverse to a direction of travel and held in elastic mounts on which shaft a control lever acts, and a link rotating platform.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH304389 | 1989-08-21 | ||
| CH3043/89-2 | 1989-08-21 | ||
| PCT/CH1990/000196 WO1991002674A1 (en) | 1989-08-21 | 1990-08-17 | Bogie for an underslung vehicle |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2039176A1 CA2039176A1 (en) | 1991-02-22 |
| CA2039176C true CA2039176C (en) | 2000-10-24 |
Family
ID=4247341
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002039176A Expired - Fee Related CA2039176C (en) | 1989-08-21 | 1990-08-17 | Truck for low platform cars |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0439573B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH04505739A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE114562T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2039176C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59007855D1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0439573T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2064750T3 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR1000703B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1991002674A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT403267B (en) * | 1991-12-19 | 1997-12-29 | Bombardier Wien Schienen | RAIL VEHICLE, IN PARTICULAR LOW-FLOOR VEHICLE |
| DE59401674D1 (en) * | 1993-03-25 | 1997-03-13 | Jenbacher Energiesysteme Ag | Articulated train |
| DE4419362A1 (en) * | 1994-06-03 | 1995-12-07 | Bergische Stahlindustrie | Articulated carriage with low corridor, for inner city rail networks |
| DE19918071C1 (en) * | 1999-04-21 | 2000-07-06 | Siemens Ag | Method of track guidance of steerable single free wheels for railway vehicles |
| FR2912717A1 (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2008-08-22 | Alstom Transport Sa | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A PASSENGER TRANSPORT ROW SUBASSEMBLY, CORRESPONDING SUB-ASSEMBLY AND RAME, AND FAMILIES OF SUB-ASSEMBLIES AND RODS |
| JP5263535B2 (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2013-08-14 | 近畿車輌株式会社 | Low floor vehicle connector installation structure |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB892485A (en) * | 1958-08-05 | 1962-03-28 | Gen Steel Ind Inc | Improvements in railway rolling stock wheel trucks |
| BE639836A (en) * | 1962-11-13 | |||
| IT1174114B (en) * | 1984-05-30 | 1987-07-01 | Umberto Vigliani | ARTICULATION WITH NON-CONVENTIONAL TROLLEY WITH INDEPENDENT WHEELS FOR VEHICLES ON LOW-FLOOR RAIL |
| IT1216453B (en) * | 1986-10-06 | 1990-02-28 | Fiat Ferroviaria Savigliano | CENTRAL TWO-ENGINE TROLLEY FOR VEHICLES ON RAIL WITH LOWERED FLAT WITH TWO OR MORE ARTICULATED BOXES |
-
1990
- 1990-08-09 GR GR900100601A patent/GR1000703B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-08-17 JP JP2511170A patent/JPH04505739A/en active Pending
- 1990-08-17 CA CA002039176A patent/CA2039176C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-08-17 DK DK90911988.5T patent/DK0439573T3/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-08-17 WO PCT/CH1990/000196 patent/WO1991002674A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1990-08-17 ES ES90911988T patent/ES2064750T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-08-17 EP EP90911988A patent/EP0439573B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-08-17 AT AT90911988T patent/ATE114562T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-08-17 DE DE59007855T patent/DE59007855D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2039176A1 (en) | 1991-02-22 |
| ES2064750T3 (en) | 1995-02-01 |
| GR1000703B (en) | 1992-10-08 |
| EP0439573B1 (en) | 1994-11-30 |
| JPH04505739A (en) | 1992-10-08 |
| DK0439573T3 (en) | 1995-05-01 |
| WO1991002674A1 (en) | 1991-03-07 |
| GR900100601A (en) | 1991-12-30 |
| EP0439573A1 (en) | 1991-08-07 |
| ATE114562T1 (en) | 1994-12-15 |
| DE59007855D1 (en) | 1995-01-12 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |