CA2007160C - Microporus membrane from cold-rolled precursor films - Google Patents
Microporus membrane from cold-rolled precursor filmsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2007160C CA2007160C CA002007160A CA2007160A CA2007160C CA 2007160 C CA2007160 C CA 2007160C CA 002007160 A CA002007160 A CA 002007160A CA 2007160 A CA2007160 A CA 2007160A CA 2007160 C CA2007160 C CA 2007160C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- film
- microporous
- thickness
- stretching
- cold
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 241000045365 Microporus <basidiomycete fungus> Species 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006126 semicrystalline polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- 229920006316 polyvinylpyrrolidine Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009998 heat setting Methods 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920013683 Celanese Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000338118 Dulus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229930182556 Polyacetal Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010960 commercial process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- QHSJIZLJUFMIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethene Chemical group C=C.FC(F)=C(F)F QHSJIZLJUFMIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012633 leachable Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940068984 polyvinyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
- B29C55/10—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial
- B29C55/12—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
- B29C55/18—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets by squeezing between surfaces, e.g. rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C71/00—After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
- Y10T428/2495—Thickness [relative or absolute]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249978—Voids specified as micro
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249978—Voids specified as micro
- Y10T428/249979—Specified thickness of void-containing component [absolute or relative] or numerical cell dimension
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249978—Voids specified as micro
- Y10T428/24998—Composite has more than two layers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31—Surface property or characteristic of web, sheet or block
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US29433289A | 1989-01-09 | 1989-01-09 | |
| US294,332 | 1989-01-09 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2007160A1 CA2007160A1 (en) | 1990-07-09 |
| CA2007160C true CA2007160C (en) | 1997-08-19 |
Family
ID=23132955
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002007160A Expired - Fee Related CA2007160C (en) | 1989-01-09 | 1990-01-04 | Microporus membrane from cold-rolled precursor films |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5328760A (oth) |
| EP (1) | EP0378346B1 (oth) |
| JP (1) | JP3209998B2 (oth) |
| CA (1) | CA2007160C (oth) |
| DE (1) | DE69028418T2 (oth) |
| ES (1) | ES2091787T3 (oth) |
| IL (1) | IL93002A0 (oth) |
| TW (1) | TW221298B (oth) |
Families Citing this family (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2628788B2 (ja) * | 1990-08-09 | 1997-07-09 | 宇部興産株式会社 | 微多孔性膜の製造方法及びその方法で製造される耐溶断性微多孔性膜 |
| EP0743089B1 (en) * | 1993-01-25 | 2000-05-17 | Daikin Industries, Limited | Porous polytetrafluoroethylene film |
| US6258308B1 (en) | 1996-07-31 | 2001-07-10 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Process for adjusting WVTR and other properties of a polyolefin film |
| EP0993512B1 (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 2002-08-14 | University Of Southampton | Porous film and method of preparation thereof |
| US6264864B1 (en) | 1998-10-16 | 2001-07-24 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Process for producing polyolefin microporous breathable film |
| US6953510B1 (en) | 1998-10-16 | 2005-10-11 | Tredegar Film Products Corporation | Method of making microporous breathable film |
| US8795565B2 (en) * | 2006-02-21 | 2014-08-05 | Celgard Llc | Biaxially oriented microporous membrane |
| WO2009123660A2 (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2009-10-08 | Nanoscale Corporation | Decontaminating sheet material containing reactive nanocrystalline particles and products constructed therefrom |
| KR100928898B1 (ko) * | 2009-04-17 | 2009-11-30 | (주)씨에스텍 | 미세다공성 고분자 분리막의 제조방법 및 상기 방법으로 제조된 미세다공성 고분자 분리막 |
| US20110223486A1 (en) | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-15 | Xiaomin Zhang | Biaxially oriented porous membranes, composites, and methods of manufacture and use |
| CN103493252B (zh) | 2011-04-04 | 2016-08-10 | 阿普柔斯公司 | 改进的电池隔片及其形成方法 |
| US8975305B2 (en) | 2012-02-10 | 2015-03-10 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Rigid renewable polyester compositions having a high impact strength and tensile elongation |
| TWI453114B (zh) * | 2012-05-11 | 2014-09-21 | Entire Technology Co Ltd | 多孔複合膜的製造方法 |
| WO2014018582A1 (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2014-01-30 | Warwick Mills, Inc. | Multi-layer chemical and biological protection fabric for mobile shelters |
| BR112016014241B1 (pt) | 2013-12-31 | 2021-12-14 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Filme multicamada, artigo e método de fabricação de um filme multicamada |
| US20150231862A1 (en) | 2014-02-19 | 2015-08-20 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Multilayered polyolefin films, methods of manufacture thereof and articles comprising the same |
| WO2015123827A1 (en) | 2014-02-19 | 2015-08-27 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | High performance sealable co-extruded oriented film, methods of manufacture thereof and articles comprising the same |
| US11291215B2 (en) | 2014-03-26 | 2022-04-05 | Hydroxsys Holdings Limited | Durable asymmetric composite membranes and modified substrates used in their preparation |
| US11021584B2 (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2021-06-01 | William Winchin Yen | Microporous sheet product and methods for making and using the same |
| WO2016073558A1 (en) | 2014-11-05 | 2016-05-12 | William Winchin Yen | Microporous sheet product and methods for making and using the same |
| EP3216070A4 (en) | 2014-11-05 | 2018-09-26 | Yen, William Winchin | Microporous sheet product and methods for making and using the same |
| AU2015353887B2 (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2019-07-04 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Annealed porous polyolefin material |
| AU2015370441B2 (en) | 2014-12-24 | 2017-12-07 | Hydroxsys Holdings Limited | Asymmetric composite membranes and modified substrates used in their preparation |
| CN114599822B (zh) | 2019-08-27 | 2024-09-27 | W·W·严 | 电池隔板、包括隔板的电池、以及形成其的方法和系统 |
Family Cites Families (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3083410A (en) * | 1956-11-23 | 1963-04-02 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Cold rolling film of high density ethylene polymer |
| US3558764A (en) * | 1966-09-06 | 1971-01-26 | Celanese Corp | Process for preparing microporous film |
| BE758820A (fr) * | 1969-11-13 | 1971-05-12 | Celanese Corp | Procede de production de pellicules microporeuses a cellules ouvertes |
| US3725520A (en) * | 1970-04-24 | 1973-04-03 | Nippon Ekika Seikei Kk | Method for preparing a porous synthetic thermoplastic film or sheet |
| US3679538A (en) * | 1970-10-28 | 1972-07-25 | Celanese Corp | Novel open-celled microporous film |
| US3679540A (en) * | 1970-11-27 | 1972-07-25 | Celanese Corp | Reinforced microporous film |
| US3903234A (en) * | 1973-02-01 | 1975-09-02 | Du Pont | Process for preparing filled, biaxially oriented, polymeric film |
| US3843761A (en) * | 1973-05-30 | 1974-10-22 | Celanese Corp | Process for preparing a thermoplastic microporous film involving a cold stretching step and multiple hot stretching steps |
| JPS582300B2 (ja) * | 1974-10-23 | 1983-01-14 | ヒタチケンキ カブシキガイシヤ | クツサクキノ チヨクセンクツサクセイギヨソウチ |
| US4346142A (en) * | 1979-09-04 | 1982-08-24 | Celanese Corporation | Hydrophilic monomer treated microporous films and process |
| US4620956A (en) * | 1985-07-19 | 1986-11-04 | Celanese Corporation | Process for preparing microporous polyethylene film by uniaxial cold and hot stretching |
| CA1311886C (en) * | 1986-06-12 | 1992-12-29 | Satoshi Nagou | Microporous film and process for production thereof |
| US5049347A (en) * | 1988-11-22 | 1991-09-17 | The University Of Pittsburgh | Method for producing doubly oriented polymers |
| JPS63128035A (ja) * | 1986-11-17 | 1988-05-31 | Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc | 通気性防水膜 |
| US4726989A (en) * | 1986-12-11 | 1988-02-23 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing | Microporous materials incorporating a nucleating agent and methods for making same |
| US4867881A (en) * | 1987-09-14 | 1989-09-19 | Minnesota Minning And Manufacturing Company | Orientied microporous film |
| US4833026A (en) * | 1987-10-08 | 1989-05-23 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Breathable, waterproof sheet materials and methods for making the same |
| JP2725298B2 (ja) * | 1988-08-09 | 1998-03-11 | 東レ株式会社 | 微孔性フイルムの製造方法 |
| US5120594A (en) * | 1989-11-20 | 1992-06-09 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Microporous polyolefin shaped articles with patterned surface areas of different porosity |
-
1990
- 1990-01-04 CA CA002007160A patent/CA2007160C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-01-08 EP EP90300200A patent/EP0378346B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-01-08 DE DE69028418T patent/DE69028418T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-01-08 IL IL93002A patent/IL93002A0/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-01-08 ES ES90300200T patent/ES2091787T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-01-09 JP JP00239690A patent/JP3209998B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-02-05 TW TW079100786A patent/TW221298B/zh active
-
1992
- 1992-12-02 US US07/984,711 patent/US5328760A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0378346A2 (en) | 1990-07-18 |
| DE69028418D1 (de) | 1996-10-17 |
| EP0378346B1 (en) | 1996-09-11 |
| DE69028418T2 (de) | 1997-02-20 |
| TW221298B (oth) | 1994-02-21 |
| CA2007160A1 (en) | 1990-07-09 |
| ES2091787T3 (es) | 1996-11-16 |
| EP0378346A3 (en) | 1991-11-06 |
| IL93002A0 (en) | 1990-09-17 |
| JP3209998B2 (ja) | 2001-09-17 |
| JPH02276833A (ja) | 1990-11-13 |
| US5328760A (en) | 1994-07-12 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |