CA1323277C - Process for preparing detergent compositions - Google Patents
Process for preparing detergent compositionsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1323277C CA1323277C CA000597592A CA597592A CA1323277C CA 1323277 C CA1323277 C CA 1323277C CA 000597592 A CA000597592 A CA 000597592A CA 597592 A CA597592 A CA 597592A CA 1323277 C CA1323277 C CA 1323277C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- detergent
- granulation
- starting material
- mixer
- granulator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910000503 Na-aluminosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 235000012217 sodium aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000429 sodium aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910000632 Alusil Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 6
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- -1 alkyl ether sulphate Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BBBFJLBPOGFECG-VJVYQDLKSA-N calcitonin Chemical compound N([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(N)=O)C(C)C)C(=O)[C@@H]1CSSC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N1 BBBFJLBPOGFECG-VJVYQDLKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical group [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000005158 Subtilisins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010056079 Subtilisins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940074404 sodium succinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZDQYSKICYIVCPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium succinate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O ZDQYSKICYIVCPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/82—Compounds containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
- C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
- C11D3/1246—Silicates, e.g. diatomaceous earth
- C11D3/128—Aluminium silicates, e.g. zeolites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/04—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents by chemical means, e.g. by sulfonating in the presence of other compounding ingredients followed by neutralising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/06—Powder; Flakes; Free-flowing mixtures; Sheets
- C11D17/065—High-density particulate detergent compositions
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8810194.4 | 1988-04-29 | ||
| GB888810194A GB8810194D0 (en) | 1988-04-29 | 1988-04-29 | Process for preparing detergent compositions |
| GB888817386A GB8817386D0 (en) | 1988-07-21 | 1988-07-21 | Detergent compositions & process for preparing them |
| GB8817386.9 | 1988-07-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1323277C true CA1323277C (en) | 1993-10-19 |
Family
ID=26293830
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000597592A Expired - Fee Related CA1323277C (en) | 1988-04-29 | 1989-04-24 | Process for preparing detergent compositions |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0339996B1 (es) |
| JP (1) | JPH0715119B2 (es) |
| KR (1) | KR920000113B1 (es) |
| AU (1) | AU611555B2 (es) |
| BR (1) | BR8902005A (es) |
| CA (1) | CA1323277C (es) |
| DE (1) | DE68907438T2 (es) |
| ES (1) | ES2043009T3 (es) |
| HK (1) | HK47894A (es) |
| MY (1) | MY104968A (es) |
| PH (1) | PH25538A (es) |
| TR (1) | TR25924A (es) |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8810193D0 (en) * | 1988-04-29 | 1988-06-02 | Unilever Plc | Detergent compositions & process for preparing them |
| EP0367339B1 (en) * | 1988-11-02 | 1996-03-13 | Unilever N.V. | Process for preparing a high bulk density granular detergent composition |
| GB8926718D0 (en) * | 1989-11-27 | 1990-01-17 | Unilever Plc | Process for the preparation of detergent compositions |
| GB9008013D0 (en) * | 1990-04-09 | 1990-06-06 | Unilever Plc | High bulk density granular detergent compositions and process for preparing them |
| GB9007999D0 (en) * | 1990-04-09 | 1990-06-06 | Unilever Plc | Particulate bleaching detergent composition |
| GB9012613D0 (en) * | 1990-06-06 | 1990-07-25 | Unilever Plc | Soap powder compositions |
| CA2027518A1 (en) * | 1990-10-03 | 1992-04-04 | Richard L. Tadsen | Process for preparing high density detergent compositions containing particulate ph sensitive surfactant |
| DE4216774A1 (de) * | 1992-05-21 | 1993-11-25 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung eines granularen Wasch und/oder Reinigungsmittels |
| USH1604H (en) * | 1993-06-25 | 1996-11-05 | Welch; Robert G. | Process for continuous production of high density detergent agglomerates in a single mixer/densifier |
| US5968891A (en) * | 1993-07-13 | 1999-10-19 | Colgate-Palmolive Co. | Process for preparing detergent composition having high bulk density |
| EP0643129A1 (en) * | 1993-09-07 | 1995-03-15 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for preparing detergent compositions |
| US5431857A (en) * | 1994-01-19 | 1995-07-11 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for producing a high density detergent composition having improved solubility by agglomeration of anionic surfactants and an agglomerating agent |
| DE4429550A1 (de) * | 1994-08-19 | 1996-02-22 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Wasch- oder Reinigungsmitteltabletten |
| US5565422A (en) * | 1995-06-23 | 1996-10-15 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for preparing a free-flowing particulate detergent composition having improved solubility |
| EP0912716A1 (en) * | 1996-05-07 | 1999-05-06 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for making agglomerated detergent compositions having improved flowabality |
| KR100448993B1 (ko) * | 1997-09-09 | 2004-11-26 | 씨제이 주식회사 | 입상고밀도비이온성세제조성물및그제조방법 |
| DE19801186A1 (de) | 1998-01-15 | 1999-07-22 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Herstellung gefärbter Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1617109B2 (de) * | 1967-12-05 | 1973-04-19 | Großeinkaufs Gesellschaft deutscher Konsumgenossenschaften mbH, 2000 Harn bürg | Verfahren zur herstellung von staubfreien und rieselfaehigen waschund reinigungsmitteln |
| JPS6072999A (ja) * | 1983-09-30 | 1985-04-25 | 花王株式会社 | 超濃縮粉末洗剤の製法 |
| JPH0672237B2 (ja) * | 1984-09-14 | 1994-09-14 | 花王株式会社 | 流動性の改良された高密度の粒状洗剤の製法 |
| DE3617756C2 (de) * | 1985-05-29 | 1995-01-19 | Lion Corp | Verfahren zum Herstellen einer granularen Detergentien-Zusammensetzung mit hoher Schüttdichte |
| GB8810193D0 (en) * | 1988-04-29 | 1988-06-02 | Unilever Plc | Detergent compositions & process for preparing them |
-
1989
- 1989-04-24 CA CA000597592A patent/CA1323277C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-04-27 EP EP89304205A patent/EP0339996B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-04-27 DE DE89304205T patent/DE68907438T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-04-27 AU AU33749/89A patent/AU611555B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1989-04-27 ES ES89304205T patent/ES2043009T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-04-28 TR TR89/0324A patent/TR25924A/xx unknown
- 1989-04-28 BR BR898902005A patent/BR8902005A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-04-28 JP JP1111944A patent/JPH0715119B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-04-28 KR KR1019890005622A patent/KR920000113B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-04-28 MY MYPI89000573A patent/MY104968A/en unknown
-
1991
- 1991-04-28 PH PH38587A patent/PH25538A/en unknown
-
1994
- 1994-05-12 HK HK47894A patent/HK47894A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR8902005A (pt) | 1989-12-05 |
| EP0339996A1 (en) | 1989-11-02 |
| DE68907438T2 (de) | 1993-10-14 |
| EP0339996B1 (en) | 1993-07-07 |
| JPH0249100A (ja) | 1990-02-19 |
| KR890016153A (ko) | 1989-11-28 |
| DE68907438D1 (de) | 1993-08-12 |
| KR920000113B1 (ko) | 1992-01-09 |
| JPH0715119B2 (ja) | 1995-02-22 |
| PH25538A (en) | 1991-07-24 |
| ES2043009T3 (es) | 1993-12-16 |
| AU3374989A (en) | 1989-11-02 |
| TR25924A (tr) | 1993-09-17 |
| HK47894A (en) | 1994-05-20 |
| AU611555B2 (en) | 1991-06-13 |
| MY104968A (en) | 1994-07-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |