CA1315613C - Process for the production of a sprayed surface of defined roughness on a workpiece and the use of the process and the surface produced thereby - Google Patents
Process for the production of a sprayed surface of defined roughness on a workpiece and the use of the process and the surface produced therebyInfo
- Publication number
- CA1315613C CA1315613C CA000563978A CA563978A CA1315613C CA 1315613 C CA1315613 C CA 1315613C CA 000563978 A CA000563978 A CA 000563978A CA 563978 A CA563978 A CA 563978A CA 1315613 C CA1315613 C CA 1315613C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- hard material
- matrix
- mixture
- produced
- alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A process for the production of a sprayed surface of defined roughness on a workpiece is to be improved and a surface layer with a clearly defined degree of roughness is to be provided, by a comparatively simple procedure.
For that purpose, a powder material is sprayed on the surface, the material comprising a mixture of a matrix on a Ni, Co and/or Fe-base alloy, and hard materials, as well as a grain-size distribution in respect of the hard materials with a maximum proportion between 25 and 150 µm, wherein the sprayed unsintered layer has a surface roughness in the range of Ra 10 to 100 µm of a defined roughness of Ra.x ? 20 µm, and x is a number of from 10 to 100 µm. The invention also embraces use of the process for the production of the surface of transport rollers or gripper fingers for paper or cardboard manufacture.
A process for the production of a sprayed surface of defined roughness on a workpiece is to be improved and a surface layer with a clearly defined degree of roughness is to be provided, by a comparatively simple procedure.
For that purpose, a powder material is sprayed on the surface, the material comprising a mixture of a matrix on a Ni, Co and/or Fe-base alloy, and hard materials, as well as a grain-size distribution in respect of the hard materials with a maximum proportion between 25 and 150 µm, wherein the sprayed unsintered layer has a surface roughness in the range of Ra 10 to 100 µm of a defined roughness of Ra.x ? 20 µm, and x is a number of from 10 to 100 µm. The invention also embraces use of the process for the production of the surface of transport rollers or gripper fingers for paper or cardboard manufacture.
Description
~ 3 ~
The invention relates to a process for the production of a sprayed surface of defined roughne~s on a workpiece and the use of the process and the surface produced thereby.
Thermally sprayed iayers, after the spraying operation, have a rough surface whose degree of roughness lies within a comparatively wide range of fluctuations. The degree of roughness of the layer results from molten particles becoming spattered, when they impinge on the surface of the workpiece which is to be coated. Such pattering may occur to a greater or lesser degree, depending on the respective temperature of the particles, with the result that widely different degrees of roughness may occur on a single ~urface.
When using such surfaces in areas in which on the one hand a particular level of gripping capacity o~ the surface is required but on the othar hand the gripping capacity is not to result in damage to the product, it is not possible to use the above-described layers, due to the specified fluctuations in the degree of roughness thereof. In addition, the service lives of such surfaces are too short, depending on the alloy used, for many purposes of use. That problem has been remedied with a moderate degree of ~uccess, by grinding the sprayed surfaces in a second working operation, thereby arriving at a defined degree of roughness, within certain limits.
The present invention provides a surface layer which has a clearly defined degree of roughness, in a comparatively simple operating procedure. In particular the process provides a slip resistant surface.
According to the invention there is provided a process for producing a slip-resistant surface on a workpiece, comprising: thermally spraying a surface of the workpiece ..
:
, -with a powder mixture comprising: a mixture of a hard material selected from a carbide, boride, silicide, nitride, oxide and a mixture thereo~ on a matrix of an alloy based on Ni, Co, Fe or a mixture thereof; wherein the grain-size distribution o~ said hard material is between 25 to 150 ~m, and wherein the sprayed but unsintered surface has a roughness, ~a, in the range of 10 to 100 ~m, wikh a defined degree of roughne~s o~ Ra.x ~ 20 ~m, wherein x is in the range of lQ to 100 ~m.
In addi~ion it has been found advantageous for th~ sprayed-on layer to have a defined degree of surface roughness of Ra.x +
10 ~m: and the hard materials preferably have a melting point of about 1200~C and higher.
Coating surfaces with a defined degree of roughness of x + 20 ~m, preferably ~ 10 ~m, wherein x is the desired sur~ace roughness in ~m, in the range of 10 to 100 ~m, provide long service lives when using as the powder material a mixed powder which comprises two or more components which have a greater melting interval and hard material. The most suitable materials for such a matrix are powder materials on an alloy base of Ni, Co and/or iron. Suitably, the matrix is based on a nickle based alloy, such as a nickle-chromium-based alloy which may also contain iron or a nickle-chromium-boron-silicon alloy. Alternatively, the matrix may be ba~ed on a cobalt based alloy or an iron based alloyO Suitably, the grain-size distribution of the matrix alloy is between 150 and 5 ~m. The melting point interval of the alloys preferably is between 900 and 1400~C, more preferably between 1000 and 1300C, and generally an interval of more than 50C
is suitable.
Hard material particles uch as carbides, borides, nitrides, .
~ 3 ~ 3 silioides and oxides are used as the carrier for the roughness. Sui~able particles include tungsten carbide, such as tungst~n sintered carbide, tungsten carbide-cobalt with a cobalt content of less than 25% Co. The srain of the hard material particle may be spherical or polygonal. The ratio of mixing of the two components, matrix/hard material, may be between 20 and 80% by weight, preferably 30 to 60% by weight, for the hard material component. The degree of surface roughness is influenced by means of the grain-size distribution or granulometry of the hard material aomponent, that is to say the maximum component in r~spect of grain-size distribution is kept very narrow while the overall distribution is in the ranges of 37 to 125 ~m, 45 to 105 ~m, 45 to 90 ~m, and 37 to 75 ~m, respectively.
The hard material particles are produced by spray drying, agglomerating with and without sintering or by melting with subsequent crushing and grindi~g.
A subsequent coating operation of the hard materials, using Ni, Co and/or Fe, has been found to be advantageous. The component involved should be below 40~ by weight preferably 20% by weight.
The thermal spraying is suitably by plasma ~lame spraying or with an autogeneous flame spraying apparatus.
The surfaces which are produced by the above-described process may be used with particular advantages in the paper industry, where transport rollers or gripper fingers are intended to carry thin webs of paper or sheets of cardboard, without causing the slightest amount of damage to the material being transported.
The invention relates to a process for the production of a sprayed surface of defined roughne~s on a workpiece and the use of the process and the surface produced thereby.
Thermally sprayed iayers, after the spraying operation, have a rough surface whose degree of roughness lies within a comparatively wide range of fluctuations. The degree of roughness of the layer results from molten particles becoming spattered, when they impinge on the surface of the workpiece which is to be coated. Such pattering may occur to a greater or lesser degree, depending on the respective temperature of the particles, with the result that widely different degrees of roughness may occur on a single ~urface.
When using such surfaces in areas in which on the one hand a particular level of gripping capacity o~ the surface is required but on the othar hand the gripping capacity is not to result in damage to the product, it is not possible to use the above-described layers, due to the specified fluctuations in the degree of roughness thereof. In addition, the service lives of such surfaces are too short, depending on the alloy used, for many purposes of use. That problem has been remedied with a moderate degree of ~uccess, by grinding the sprayed surfaces in a second working operation, thereby arriving at a defined degree of roughness, within certain limits.
The present invention provides a surface layer which has a clearly defined degree of roughness, in a comparatively simple operating procedure. In particular the process provides a slip resistant surface.
According to the invention there is provided a process for producing a slip-resistant surface on a workpiece, comprising: thermally spraying a surface of the workpiece ..
:
, -with a powder mixture comprising: a mixture of a hard material selected from a carbide, boride, silicide, nitride, oxide and a mixture thereo~ on a matrix of an alloy based on Ni, Co, Fe or a mixture thereof; wherein the grain-size distribution o~ said hard material is between 25 to 150 ~m, and wherein the sprayed but unsintered surface has a roughness, ~a, in the range of 10 to 100 ~m, wikh a defined degree of roughne~s o~ Ra.x ~ 20 ~m, wherein x is in the range of lQ to 100 ~m.
In addi~ion it has been found advantageous for th~ sprayed-on layer to have a defined degree of surface roughness of Ra.x +
10 ~m: and the hard materials preferably have a melting point of about 1200~C and higher.
Coating surfaces with a defined degree of roughness of x + 20 ~m, preferably ~ 10 ~m, wherein x is the desired sur~ace roughness in ~m, in the range of 10 to 100 ~m, provide long service lives when using as the powder material a mixed powder which comprises two or more components which have a greater melting interval and hard material. The most suitable materials for such a matrix are powder materials on an alloy base of Ni, Co and/or iron. Suitably, the matrix is based on a nickle based alloy, such as a nickle-chromium-based alloy which may also contain iron or a nickle-chromium-boron-silicon alloy. Alternatively, the matrix may be ba~ed on a cobalt based alloy or an iron based alloyO Suitably, the grain-size distribution of the matrix alloy is between 150 and 5 ~m. The melting point interval of the alloys preferably is between 900 and 1400~C, more preferably between 1000 and 1300C, and generally an interval of more than 50C
is suitable.
Hard material particles uch as carbides, borides, nitrides, .
~ 3 ~ 3 silioides and oxides are used as the carrier for the roughness. Sui~able particles include tungsten carbide, such as tungst~n sintered carbide, tungsten carbide-cobalt with a cobalt content of less than 25% Co. The srain of the hard material particle may be spherical or polygonal. The ratio of mixing of the two components, matrix/hard material, may be between 20 and 80% by weight, preferably 30 to 60% by weight, for the hard material component. The degree of surface roughness is influenced by means of the grain-size distribution or granulometry of the hard material aomponent, that is to say the maximum component in r~spect of grain-size distribution is kept very narrow while the overall distribution is in the ranges of 37 to 125 ~m, 45 to 105 ~m, 45 to 90 ~m, and 37 to 75 ~m, respectively.
The hard material particles are produced by spray drying, agglomerating with and without sintering or by melting with subsequent crushing and grindi~g.
A subsequent coating operation of the hard materials, using Ni, Co and/or Fe, has been found to be advantageous. The component involved should be below 40~ by weight preferably 20% by weight.
The thermal spraying is suitably by plasma ~lame spraying or with an autogeneous flame spraying apparatus.
The surfaces which are produced by the above-described process may be used with particular advantages in the paper industry, where transport rollers or gripper fingers are intended to carry thin webs of paper or sheets of cardboard, without causing the slightest amount of damage to the material being transported.
.. ~..
131~6~3 Not only in the preferred areas of use but in quite general terms, the process according to the invention has been ~ound to have the particular advantage that during the production process, a given surPace is produced, which no longer requires any subsequent treatment.
- 3a ~
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.. ,. . . . ~. .. . ...
.
.. . :
.. .
131~6~3 Not only in the preferred areas of use but in quite general terms, the process according to the invention has been ~ound to have the particular advantage that during the production process, a given surPace is produced, which no longer requires any subsequent treatment.
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Claims (41)
1. A process for producing a slip-resistant surface on a workpiece, comprising: thermally spraying a surface of the workpiece with a powder mixture comprising: a mixture of a hard material selected from a carbide, boride, silicide, nitride, oxide and a mixture thereof on a matrix of an alloy based on Ni, Co, Fe or a mixture thereof; wherein the grain-size distribution of said hard material is between 25 to 150 µm, and wherein the sprayed but unsintered surface has a roughness, Ra, in the range of 10 to 100 µm, with a defined degree of roughness of Ra.x ? 20 µm, wherein x is in the range of 10 to 100 µm.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein said hard material is a boride.
3. The process of claim 1, wherein said hard material is a silicide.
4. The process of claim 1, wherein said hard material is a nitride.
5. The process of claim 1, wherein said hard material is a oxide.
6. The process of claim 1, wherein said hard material is a carbide.
7. The process of claim 6, wherein the carbide is a tungsten-based carbide.
8. The process of claim 7, wherein the tungsten-based carbide is sintered.
9. The process of claim 6, wherein the carbide is a tungsten carbide-cobalt, with a cobalt content of less than 25%.
10. The process of claim 1, wherein said hard material is coated, prior to mixing with said matrix, with Ni, Co, Fe or a mixture thereof.
11. The process of claim 10, wherein the Ni, Co, Fe, or mixture thereof in the coating is less than 40 weight percent of said hard material core.
12. The process of claim 11, wherein the Ni, Co, Fe or mixture thereof in the coating is less than 20 weight percent.
13. The process of claim 1, wherein the grain-size distribution is between 37 and 125 µm.
14. The process of claim 13, wherein the grain-size distribution is between 45 and 105 µm.
15. The process of claim 14, wherein the grain-size distribution is between 45 and 90 µm.
16. The process of claim 13, wherein the grain-size distribution is 37 to 75 µm.
17. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the defined degree of roughness is Ra.x ? 10 µm.
18. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein said hard material comprises 20 to 80 weight percent of the mixture.
19. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein said hard material comprises 30 to 60 weight percent of the mixture.
20. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein said hard material is produced by spray drying.
21. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein said hard material is produced by agglomeration.
22. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein said hard material is produced by agglomeration and sintering.
23. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein said hard material is produced by melting.
24. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein said hard material is produced by crushing and grinding.
25. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein said hard material grains are spherical.
26. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein said hard material grains are polygonal.
27. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein said matrix is a Ni-based alloy.
28. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein said matrix is a Ni-Cr-based alloy.
29. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein said matrix is a Ni-Cr-Fe-based alloy.
30. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein said matrix is a Ni-Cr-B-Si alloy.
31. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein said matrix is a Co-based alloy.
32. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein said matrix is a Fe-based alloy.
33. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the grain-size distribution of said matrix is between 150 and 5 µm.
34. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the melting point interval of said alloy is 900 to 1,400°C.
35. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the melting point interval of said alloy is 1,000 to 1,300°C.
36. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the melting point interval of said alloy is more than 50°C.
37. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the thermal spraying is effected with an autogenous flame spraying apparatus.
38. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the thermal spraying is effected by plasma flame spraying.
39. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the melting point of said hard material is at least 1,200°C.
40. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the slip resistant surface is produced on a surface of a transport roller for paper manufacture.
41. The process of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the slip resistant surface is produced on a gripper finger for transporting a sheet of paper or cardboard.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP3712684.9 | 1987-04-14 | ||
| DE19873712684 DE3712684A1 (en) | 1987-04-14 | 1987-04-14 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SPRAYED SURFACE WITH DEFINED ROUGHNESS, AND USE THEREOF |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1315613C true CA1315613C (en) | 1993-04-06 |
Family
ID=6325622
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000563978A Expired - Fee Related CA1315613C (en) | 1987-04-14 | 1988-04-13 | Process for the production of a sprayed surface of defined roughness on a workpiece and the use of the process and the surface produced thereby |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0287023A3 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN88102725A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8801864A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1315613C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3712684A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI86748B (en) |
| IN (1) | IN169734B (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FI82094C (en) * | 1989-02-16 | 1997-09-09 | Valmet Corp | Anvaendning av en legering av ett metallpulver och en carbid eller nitride innefattande belaeggningskomposition Foer en i en pappersmaskin anvaendbar yankeecylinder |
| FI86566C (en) * | 1989-10-27 | 1992-09-10 | Valmet Paper Machinery Inc | VALS FOER ANVAENDNING VID PAPPERSFRAMSTAELLNING OCH FOERFARANDE FOER FRAMSTAELLNING AV VALSEN. |
| TW197475B (en) * | 1990-12-26 | 1993-01-01 | Eltech Systems Corp | |
| DE4226789A1 (en) * | 1992-08-13 | 1994-02-17 | Sigri Great Lakes Carbon Gmbh | Fiber-reinforced plastic roller with outer, wear-resistant, filler-containing plastic layer |
| DE4238508C2 (en) * | 1992-11-14 | 1995-07-20 | Gf Flamm Metallspritz Gmbh | Process for applying a fine, rough coating to the surface of a roller |
| DE59404761D1 (en) * | 1993-06-19 | 1998-01-22 | Hoechst Ag | Thread-guiding component with an improved surface |
| WO1997017478A1 (en) * | 1995-11-08 | 1997-05-15 | Fissler Gmbh | Process for producing a non-stick coating and objects provided with such a coating |
| DE19836392A1 (en) * | 1998-08-12 | 2000-02-17 | Wolfgang Wiesener | Low cost wear resistant coating, used as a plasma sprayed coating for tools such as screwdrivers, comprises hard metal grains in a binder metal matrix |
| US20050202945A1 (en) * | 2004-03-11 | 2005-09-15 | Leung Chi K. | Thermal spray grit roller |
| CN107130204A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-09-05 | 河南中原吉凯恩气缸套有限公司 | A kind of wear-resistant coating cylinder jacket and its preparation technology |
| CN110983232B (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2022-11-01 | 苏州合志杰新材料技术有限公司 | Method for preparing wear-resistant anti-sticking coating by using special spraying power |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3679460A (en) * | 1970-10-08 | 1972-07-25 | Union Carbide Corp | Composite wear resistant material and method of making same |
| GB2060436B (en) * | 1979-09-22 | 1984-03-21 | Rolls Royce | Method of applying a ceramic coating to a metal workpiece |
| US4513020A (en) * | 1981-07-22 | 1985-04-23 | Allied Corporation | Platelet metal powder for coating a substrate |
| DE3506726A1 (en) * | 1985-02-26 | 1986-08-28 | Reifenhäuser GmbH & Co Maschinenfabrik, 5210 Troisdorf | WEAR-RESISTANT COATING ON THE CYLINDER AND ON THE SCREW OF A PLASTIC SCREW PRESS |
| US4618511A (en) * | 1985-05-31 | 1986-10-21 | Molnar William S | Method for applying non-skid coating to metal bars with electric arc or gas flame spray and article formed thereby |
-
1987
- 1987-04-14 DE DE19873712684 patent/DE3712684A1/en active Granted
-
1988
- 1988-03-29 FI FI881474A patent/FI86748B/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-04-12 EP EP88105778A patent/EP0287023A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1988-04-13 IN IN303/CAL/88A patent/IN169734B/en unknown
- 1988-04-13 CA CA000563978A patent/CA1315613C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-04-14 BR BR8801864A patent/BR8801864A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-04-14 CN CN198888102725A patent/CN88102725A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI881474A (en) | 1988-10-15 |
| FI86748B (en) | 1992-06-30 |
| DE3712684A1 (en) | 1988-10-27 |
| BR8801864A (en) | 1988-11-22 |
| DE3712684C2 (en) | 1991-06-06 |
| EP0287023A3 (en) | 1990-06-20 |
| FI881474A0 (en) | 1988-03-29 |
| EP0287023A2 (en) | 1988-10-19 |
| CN88102725A (en) | 1988-11-23 |
| IN169734B (en) | 1991-12-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |