CA1220612A - Process for the preparation of crystalline sheet-type alkali metal silicates - Google Patents
Process for the preparation of crystalline sheet-type alkali metal silicatesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1220612A CA1220612A CA000471395A CA471395A CA1220612A CA 1220612 A CA1220612 A CA 1220612A CA 000471395 A CA000471395 A CA 000471395A CA 471395 A CA471395 A CA 471395A CA 1220612 A CA1220612 A CA 1220612A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- alkali metal
- sio2
- reaction
- product
- sheet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 48
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 11
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000010210 aluminium Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052615 phyllosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940032330 sulfuric acid Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- JZUFKLXOESDKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorothiazide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC2=C1NCNS2(=O)=O JZUFKLXOESDKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101100348017 Drosophila melanogaster Nazo gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 208000036366 Sensation of pressure Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- GRYSXUXXBDSYRT-WOUKDFQISA-N (2r,3r,4r,5r)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methoxy-5-[6-(methylamino)purin-9-yl]oxolan-3-ol Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(NC)=NC=NC=2N1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC GRYSXUXXBDSYRT-WOUKDFQISA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100256918 Caenorhabditis elegans sid-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001397173 Kali <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002083 X-ray spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008043 acidic salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 alkali metal salt Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002844 continuous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004455 differential thermal analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052914 metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014571 nuts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014786 phosphorus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005624 silicic acid group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bisulfate Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])(=O)=O WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000342 sodium bisulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002311 subsequent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/20—Silicates
- C01B33/36—Silicates having base-exchange properties but not having molecular sieve properties
- C01B33/38—Layered base-exchange silicates, e.g. clays, micas or alkali metal silicates of kenyaite or magadiite type
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19843400132 DE3400132A1 (de) | 1984-01-04 | 1984-01-04 | Verfahren zur herstellung von kristallinen alkalischichtsilikaten |
| DEP3400132.8 | 1984-01-04 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1220612A true CA1220612A (en) | 1987-04-21 |
Family
ID=6224322
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000471395A Expired CA1220612A (en) | 1984-01-04 | 1985-01-03 | Process for the preparation of crystalline sheet-type alkali metal silicates |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4578258A (en:Method) |
| EP (1) | EP0151295B1 (en:Method) |
| JP (1) | JPS60161324A (en:Method) |
| AT (1) | ATE38973T1 (en:Method) |
| AU (1) | AU568053B2 (en:Method) |
| BR (1) | BR8500009A (en:Method) |
| CA (1) | CA1220612A (en:Method) |
| DE (2) | DE3400132A1 (en:Method) |
| ES (1) | ES8605445A1 (en:Method) |
| PT (2) | PT79788A (en:Method) |
| ZA (1) | ZA8531B (en:Method) |
Families Citing this family (28)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3416472A1 (de) * | 1984-05-04 | 1985-11-07 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Weichmacher enthaltende waschmittel |
| DE3416669A1 (de) * | 1984-05-05 | 1985-11-07 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Weichmachendes waschmittel |
| DE3426389A1 (de) * | 1984-07-18 | 1986-01-23 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Formkoerper aus silikatischem material, ihre verwendung und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung |
| DE3434709A1 (de) * | 1984-09-21 | 1986-04-03 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Adsorbentien auf basis organophil modifizierter schichtkieselsaeuren |
| US4937222A (en) * | 1984-12-28 | 1990-06-26 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Catalyst capable of hydrotreating residual petroleum oil |
| US4812228A (en) * | 1985-09-10 | 1989-03-14 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Process for hydrotreating residual petroleum oil |
| EP0205070B1 (de) * | 1985-06-13 | 1990-03-14 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Herstellung von kristallinen Alkalischichtsilikaten |
| US4626421A (en) * | 1985-06-28 | 1986-12-02 | Chevron Research Company | Preparation of magadiite |
| AU587075B2 (en) * | 1985-11-12 | 1989-08-03 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Layered silicates |
| ZA867945B (en) * | 1985-11-12 | 1988-05-25 | Mobil Oil Corp | Layered silicates |
| CA1272999A (en) * | 1985-11-12 | 1990-08-21 | Guenter H. Kuehl | Crystalline layered and large pore catalytic material |
| DK168988B1 (da) * | 1986-01-24 | 1994-07-25 | Topsoe Haldor As | Krystallinsk aluminosilikat, fremgangsmåde til fremstilling deraf og anveldelse deraf |
| US5236681A (en) * | 1989-11-30 | 1993-08-17 | Mobil Oil Corp. | Layered silicate |
| US5174888A (en) * | 1990-01-25 | 1992-12-29 | Mobil Oil Corp. | Catalytic conversion |
| US5300277A (en) * | 1990-01-25 | 1994-04-05 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Synthesis of mesoporous crystalline material |
| US5102643A (en) * | 1990-01-25 | 1992-04-07 | Mobil Oil Corp. | Composition of synthetic porous crystalline material, its synthesis |
| US5198203A (en) * | 1990-01-25 | 1993-03-30 | Mobil Oil Corp. | Synthetic mesoporous crystalline material |
| SE468092B (sv) * | 1990-11-14 | 1992-11-02 | Eka Nobel Ab | Alkalimetall silikat i fast form innefattande natrium och kalium, saett foer dess framstaellning samt dess anvaendning i rengoeringsmedelskompositioner |
| SE468091B (sv) * | 1990-11-14 | 1992-11-02 | Eka Nobel Ab | Alkalimetallsilikat i fast form innefattande natrium och eventuellt kalium, saett foer dess framstaellning samt dess anvaendning i rengoeringsmedelskompositioner |
| NZ239112A (en) | 1991-01-29 | 1994-12-22 | Ecolab Inc | Solid alkaline compositions containing the reaction product in water of alkali metal hydroxide and alkali metal silicate; process of manufacture |
| DE4107230C2 (de) * | 1991-03-07 | 1995-04-06 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Natriumsilikaten |
| DE4308062A1 (de) * | 1993-03-13 | 1994-09-15 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gemischen aus synthetischem, kristallinem Kenyait und sauerstoffabspaltenden Salzen sowie deren Verwendung |
| DE4318242A1 (de) * | 1993-06-02 | 1994-12-08 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von kristallinem Natriumschichtsilikat mit Kanemitstruktur |
| ES2150607T3 (es) * | 1995-03-06 | 2000-12-01 | Clariant Gmbh | Silicato de sodio estratificado cristalino. |
| DE19537957A1 (de) * | 1995-10-12 | 1997-04-17 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von hochaustauschfähigem Natriumdisilikat |
| DE19603838A1 (de) * | 1996-02-05 | 1997-08-07 | Hoechst Ag | Kristalline Kieselsäuren |
| WO2003037511A1 (en) * | 2001-11-01 | 2003-05-08 | Silicycle Inc. | Method of preparing highly ordered mesoporous molecular sieves |
| CN102351202B (zh) * | 2011-07-06 | 2013-05-01 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种硅酸铋粉体的制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DD63366A (en:Method) * | ||||
| AU497891B2 (en) * | 1974-05-22 | 1979-01-18 | J.M. Huber Corp. | Siliceous pigments & their production |
| DE2742912C3 (de) * | 1977-09-23 | 1980-05-08 | Lagaly, Gerhard, Prof. Dr., 2300 Kiel | Kristalline Kieselsäure, ihr Kaliumsalz, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung |
| US4285922A (en) * | 1979-09-10 | 1981-08-25 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Method of preparing crystalline zeolite |
| US4430314A (en) * | 1980-06-06 | 1984-02-07 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Method of preparing crystalline zeolite |
| EP0042225B1 (en) * | 1980-06-12 | 1984-02-01 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Zeolite synthesis |
| DE3211433C2 (de) * | 1982-03-27 | 1984-12-13 | Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Kristallines Alumosilikat PZ 1 und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| GB2125390B (en) * | 1982-08-16 | 1985-12-24 | Ici Plc | Preparation of zeolites |
-
1984
- 1984-01-04 DE DE19843400132 patent/DE3400132A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1984-12-19 AT AT84115779T patent/ATE38973T1/de active
- 1984-12-19 EP EP84115779A patent/EP0151295B1/de not_active Expired
- 1984-12-19 DE DE8484115779T patent/DE3475396D1/de not_active Expired
- 1984-12-28 JP JP59275019A patent/JPS60161324A/ja active Granted
-
1985
- 1985-01-02 US US06/688,184 patent/US4578258A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-01-02 ES ES539296A patent/ES8605445A1/es not_active Expired
- 1985-01-03 PT PT79788A patent/PT79788A/pt unknown
- 1985-01-03 PT PT79793A patent/PT79793B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-01-03 ZA ZA8531A patent/ZA8531B/xx unknown
- 1985-01-03 CA CA000471395A patent/CA1220612A/en not_active Expired
- 1985-01-03 AU AU37348/85A patent/AU568053B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1985-01-03 BR BR8500009A patent/BR8500009A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR8500009A (pt) | 1985-08-13 |
| US4578258A (en) | 1986-03-25 |
| DE3475396D1 (en) | 1989-01-05 |
| ES8605445A1 (es) | 1986-04-01 |
| DE3400132A1 (de) | 1985-07-11 |
| PT79793A (de) | 1985-02-01 |
| PT79788A (en) | 1985-02-01 |
| EP0151295B1 (de) | 1988-11-30 |
| ZA8531B (en) | 1985-09-25 |
| AU3734885A (en) | 1985-07-18 |
| ATE38973T1 (de) | 1988-12-15 |
| JPH0553729B2 (en:Method) | 1993-08-10 |
| EP0151295A1 (de) | 1985-08-14 |
| JPS60161324A (ja) | 1985-08-23 |
| AU568053B2 (en) | 1987-12-10 |
| ES539296A0 (es) | 1986-04-01 |
| PT79793B (de) | 1986-11-14 |
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