CA1220007A - Coated glazing material - Google Patents
Coated glazing materialInfo
- Publication number
- CA1220007A CA1220007A CA000468839A CA468839A CA1220007A CA 1220007 A CA1220007 A CA 1220007A CA 000468839 A CA000468839 A CA 000468839A CA 468839 A CA468839 A CA 468839A CA 1220007 A CA1220007 A CA 1220007A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- tin
- glazing material
- titanium
- material according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/22—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with other inorganic material
- C03C17/23—Oxides
- C03C17/25—Oxides by deposition from the liquid phase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/40—Oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
- C03C2217/21—Oxides
- C03C2217/23—Mixtures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
- C03C2218/10—Deposition methods
- C03C2218/11—Deposition methods from solutions or suspensions
Abstract
ABSTRACT
COATED GLAZING MATERIAL
Glazing material may bear a pyrolytically-formed light-transmitting solar radiation screening metal oxide coating. In order to promote abrasion resistance in a coating which has an acceptable tint in reflection due to interference effects, at least 95% by weight of the metal ions in the coating consist of tin and titanium, and the relative proportions of tin and titanium ions in the coating are such as to impart to the coating a refractive index which is not greater than 2.2.
COATED GLAZING MATERIAL
Glazing material may bear a pyrolytically-formed light-transmitting solar radiation screening metal oxide coating. In order to promote abrasion resistance in a coating which has an acceptable tint in reflection due to interference effects, at least 95% by weight of the metal ions in the coating consist of tin and titanium, and the relative proportions of tin and titanium ions in the coating are such as to impart to the coating a refractive index which is not greater than 2.2.
Description
~v~ g ~9~
This invention relates to glazing ~aterial bearing a pyroiyticall~
for~ed, light transmitti~g, solar radiation screening, metal oxide coating.
-~ 5 The u3e of window glas~ bearing a ~oLar radiation .screening coating i5 w~ll known ~or glazing building~ in order to reduc~ the solar heat gain o~ the building, e~peclally during hot sunny weather, in order that ~he temperature within the bullding may easily be maintained at a l~Yel which for example is comor~able for occupants o~
the building and can be tolerated by Bny computers or other temperature sensitive ele~tronic equipment which may be housed within the building.
3y way of example, it is known rom European Patent Spacification No. EP O 075 516 Al to provide glass with a solar radiation screening coati~g o~ titanium dioxide ~eposited in an ~mount o~ the order o 140mg~m2, whlch corr~sponds to a thickness of about 35nm. Rnown windo~ glass with a coating o~ titanium dioxide 35 to 40 nm thick provide~ an effective screen for solar radiation and gives a metallic tint in reflection due to int~rference effects. Commercially, it is extremely important that such a coating should giYe rise to a tint in rerlection which is neut~al or otherwise aesthetically acceptable.
Unfortunately, known coatings o~ titanium dioxide up to 40nm thick us~d for this purpos~ are too thin to have adequate abrasion ~sistance so that the produ~t ha~ an insuf~icient use~ul llfe. It would be po~sible to impart additional abrasion resistance to the coating by ~aking it thicker. For example it has been ~ound that ti~anium dioxide coatings ,, ., ,~ , , . . , ... : . .. .
having a thicknes~ in the range 50nm to 60nm c~n have a satisfactory abrasion re~istance for the purposes in view~ However increasing the thickness of such a coating will have the effect o~ altering its tint in reflection, and a 50 nm to 60 nm titanium dioxide coating gives an S unpleasant yellowish colour in reflection.
~ t i~ an object of the pre~ent invention to provide gl~zing ma~erial bearing a pyrolytically ~ormed, light transmitting, solar radiation screening, metal oxide coating such that the colour o~ the coatins, when viewed in reflection, can be varied in a manner which is 10 not wholly dependent on the thickness o~ the coating.
AGcording to the present invention, there i8 provided glazing material bearing a pyroly~ically ~ormed, light trans~itting, solar radiation screening, metal .oxide coating, characterised in that at least 95% by w~ight o~ the metal ions in the coating consist of tin and titanium and in that the relative proportionC o~ tin and t-tanium ions in the coating are such as to impart to the coating a refractive inde~
which i~ not greater than 2.2~
The refractive index a~ a thin pyrolytically formed titanium oxide coating is ~bout 2.3. By the adoption o~ the present invention, the re~ractive index of the coating a a whole is reduced by the addition o~ 3ufficient tin ion~, and accordingly, a coating acco~ding to the invention can be made to the same op~ical thickness as, but to a great0r actual thickness than a coating of substantially pure titanium dioxide. It will be appreciated that the abra~ion resistance of such a coating is dependent on the nature and actual thickness of the coating, whereas any interference effects due to the coating will depend on its optical tbickness. The optical thickness of a coating which governs its reflectlve properties is given by t~ice its actual thickness multiplied by its refractive index. Accordingly the present`inYention provides a means o~ enhancing the abra~ion resistance of a said coating while controlling its colour in re~lection so that the resulting coating has better aging propertles~ Abrasion reslstanc~ o~ a coating ac~ording to the invention is enhanced as compared with a titanium dioxide coating of the ~ame optical thickness, because the coating according to the invention has a greater actual thi~knes~, and also ... . . . . .
~iL2;~ '7 because the addition of tin ions modifies the nature o~ the coating in a way which is beneficial for promoting abraslon resistance. Thus it is possible to simulate a thin titanium dioxide coatin~, but with better aging psoperties~
The refractive index of a said coating can be measured by a classical ellipsometry technique as described in "Thin Film Phenomenan, g.L. Chcpra, McGraw Hill, 1969, page~ 738 to 741~ and r~erences in this specification to specific values of refrac~ive ind~x are re~erences to values measu~ed by that technique~ the measurement bein~
e~fected using sodium D llght.
~o te~t the abrasion resistance of a qaid coating9 us~ can be mad~
of an annula~ reciprocating rubbing member having an internal dia~eter of 2cm and an externa} diameter of 6cm to give a rubbing sur~ace area o~ 25cm and formed by a felt pad on a~ annulac metal member. The rubbing ~ember is set in a welghted tube (weight o~ assembly; 1.7kg~
sLiding vertically in a supportO Constant contact is thereby ensured between th~ rubbing member and the sample. The hole th~ough the annular m~tal m2mber forms a r~servoir for a~ aqueous suspen~ion of crushed sand having a mean grain diameter of O.lm~ which is allowed to flow out between the felt pad and the coated glazing material being tested. ~he support carrying ~he rubbing member i recipcocated by a crank system, with an amplitude of 3cm a~ a frequency o~ l~z. After a certain time, a pattern of wear is obtained Formed by scratches very close together, with undestroyed coating left between them, ~ollowed 2S ~ventually by complete or substantially complete removal of ~he coating. Specific or comparative references in this specification to abr~sion resistance, are references to abra ion resistance as measured by that test.
In the most peeferred embodiments of the present invention, the ralative proportions of tin and ti~anium ions in the coating are such as to impar~ to the coating a refrac~ive inde~ which is at least 1.9.
This ensuses that there will be a hlgh degree of visible light reflection at thc coating.
Advantageously, the relative proportions of tin and titanium ions in the coatinq are such as ~o impart to the coating a refractive index ~L~2~ 7 which is not greater than 2015. ~'his allow4 a corre3pondingly greater actual thickness for a given optical thickness of the coating.
Preferably, said coating comprises at least 30~ tin and at ~eas~
30~ titanium calculated as weight per cent o~ the respective dioxide in the coating. It ha~ been ~ound that this gives the be~t compromise betwqqn the qolar radiatlon ~creening properties of the coating (which are largely due to the presence o~ titanium) and reduction in re~ractive indeæ and increase in abrasion resistance (which is attributable to th~ preSence of tin). To ~chieve the best abrasion re~i tance, it is prefe~red that said coating comprises at least 40 tin calculated as weight per cent of tin dioxide in the coating.
~ n the ~o t pse~esred embodiments o~ the invention, the thickness of ~he coating and the relative proportions of tin and titanium ions in the coating are such as to give inter~erence enhancement of visible light reflection within the wavelength range less than 500nm~ In this way, the qlazing material will exhibit a metallic tint whe~ viewed by ordinary daylight in re~lection ~rom the coated side.
Advantageously, the coating i~ borne by sheet glass.
Such glass ~ay be clear glass, os it may be opaqu~ glass, for example for use as exte~nal cladding panels for buildings at floor levels~ Embcdiments o~ the invention in which the sheet glass i3 tin~ed glass, foc e~ample, bronze glass, have advantageous light absorbing propertie~.
Various preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in greater detail in the following ~xamples.
TEST SAMP~E
A titanium dioxide coating 45n~ thick can be formed on glass as described in Example 1 of British Patent Specification No 1 397 741 by pyrolysis of titanyl acetylacetonate. It has been found that when formed in that way, the titanium dioxide coating has a cefractive index of 2O3r and thus an optical thickneYs in re1ection of 207nm. When the abrasion resistance of thiq coating waR tested, it wa~ found that over at least the central region of the abraded area, the coating was ~ubstantially completely removed within S ~inutes.
.. . ... .. .. . . . . .. . .
EXA~PLE 1 ~n oxid~ coating c~mprising 40~ tin and 60% titanium calculated as ~eight per cent c~ the sespective dioxide in the coatiny was formed by pyrolysis on a hot glass substrate of a solu~ion containing titanyl acetylacetonate and tin dibutyldiacetate. The resulting coatlng had a refractive index of 1.9, and was formed to a thicknes-~ of 55nm! so that it had the same optical thickness as th~ coating of the Test Sample.
When the abrasion resistanca of this coating was tested, after abrasion ~or 30 minutes, it wa~ found that a few scratches were apparent in the coating-when the coating was inspected through a microscope.
The coating exbibited a metallic tint in reflection.
In a variant of this Example the coating wa~ formed on tin~ed glass to give a reduction in luminous transmission.
~XA~P~E 2 A 6mm thick ribbon of freshly ~ormed hot clear float glass was conveyed through a coatinq station at a speed of 8.5 metres per minute. The atmospheee in the coating station had a mean temperature of absut 300C, and the rib~on enterin~ that st~tion had a mean temperature of about 600C.
A coating precursor solution was made up as follo~:
Tin dibutyldiacetate 6.7 kg Titanium diacetylacetonatediisopropylate 12.5 kg Dimethylformamlde to 100 ~
This solution was sprayed at a rate o~ 120 litres per hour to form a ~oating 42nm thick on the glass ribbon.
The calculated composition of the coating by weight was 47~ tin dioxide and 53~ titanium dioxide, and the coating had a reEractive index or 1.~.
With light incid~nt on the coated Eace of a sheet cut from this ribbon, the luminous tr~nsmissio~ of the sheet was 74.2~ and the reflectivity of light ~rom the coated face was 22.5~. The coating exhibited a metallic tint in reflection, and Lts abrasion resiRtance was similar to that specified in Example l.
In a variant of this Example, the coating was ~ormed on tinted glass to give a reduction in luminous transmission~
.: . .. .. . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . .
~L22~
EXA~rLE 3 An 8mm thick ribbon of clear float glass was coated while hot by pyrolysis of a coating precur~or ~olution made up as foll~ws:
Tin dibutyldiac:etate 9.3 kg S Titanium diacetylacetonatediisopropylate 27.8 kg Dimethylformamide to 100 L
The solution was discharged against the ribbon at a rate of 87 litres per hour ~o for~ a coating 53n~ thick containing 40% tin dioxide by w~ight~ The ~fractive index of the coating was 2.1.
With light incident on the c~ated face o~ a sheet cut from this rib~on, ~he luminous transmission of the sheet was 6Ç~ and the re flectivity of light from ~he coated ace was 28~. The coating exhibit~d a metallic tint ln reflection, and its abrasion resistance was si~ilar to that ~pecified in Example 1.
In a ~ariant or this Example the coating was formed on tintad glass to qive a reduction in luminous transmission.
EX~MæLE 4 ___ A 6m~ thick ribbon o~ freshly formed hot b~onze float qlass was conveyed through a coating station.
A coating precursor solution was made up as foLlows:
Tin dibutyldia~etate 13.2 k~
Titanlum diacetylacetonatedii opropylate 27.8 kg Dimeth~l~or~amide to lOa L
This solution was sprayed at a rate of 82 litres per hour to orm a c~ating SOnm thick on the glass ribbon.
The calculated composition of the coating by weight was 42~ tin dioxide and 58~ titanium dioxide ! and the coating had a refractive index of 2.1.
With llght inoident on the coated face of a sheet cut ~rom this ribbon, the luminous transmission of the sheet was 39% and the re~lectivity o light rom the coated face was 24~. The coating exhibited a metalll~ tint in refl~ction, and its abrasion resistance was ~imilar to that speoiied in Example L.
. .
.. . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . ..
~2~
~ n a variant of any of the foregoing Examples, the coating precursor solution used contained additional Lngredients so as to form in the coating a doping agent con~tituting up to 5% by weight of the metal ions in the coatinq, the relative proportions of tin and titanium dioxides remaining as specified.
.. .. .. . . . . . .. .. . . . . . .. . . . ... . . . .
This invention relates to glazing ~aterial bearing a pyroiyticall~
for~ed, light transmitti~g, solar radiation screening, metal oxide coating.
-~ 5 The u3e of window glas~ bearing a ~oLar radiation .screening coating i5 w~ll known ~or glazing building~ in order to reduc~ the solar heat gain o~ the building, e~peclally during hot sunny weather, in order that ~he temperature within the bullding may easily be maintained at a l~Yel which for example is comor~able for occupants o~
the building and can be tolerated by Bny computers or other temperature sensitive ele~tronic equipment which may be housed within the building.
3y way of example, it is known rom European Patent Spacification No. EP O 075 516 Al to provide glass with a solar radiation screening coati~g o~ titanium dioxide ~eposited in an ~mount o~ the order o 140mg~m2, whlch corr~sponds to a thickness of about 35nm. Rnown windo~ glass with a coating o~ titanium dioxide 35 to 40 nm thick provide~ an effective screen for solar radiation and gives a metallic tint in reflection due to int~rference effects. Commercially, it is extremely important that such a coating should giYe rise to a tint in rerlection which is neut~al or otherwise aesthetically acceptable.
Unfortunately, known coatings o~ titanium dioxide up to 40nm thick us~d for this purpos~ are too thin to have adequate abrasion ~sistance so that the produ~t ha~ an insuf~icient use~ul llfe. It would be po~sible to impart additional abrasion resistance to the coating by ~aking it thicker. For example it has been ~ound that ti~anium dioxide coatings ,, ., ,~ , , . . , ... : . .. .
having a thicknes~ in the range 50nm to 60nm c~n have a satisfactory abrasion re~istance for the purposes in view~ However increasing the thickness of such a coating will have the effect o~ altering its tint in reflection, and a 50 nm to 60 nm titanium dioxide coating gives an S unpleasant yellowish colour in reflection.
~ t i~ an object of the pre~ent invention to provide gl~zing ma~erial bearing a pyrolytically ~ormed, light transmitting, solar radiation screening, metal oxide coating such that the colour o~ the coatins, when viewed in reflection, can be varied in a manner which is 10 not wholly dependent on the thickness o~ the coating.
AGcording to the present invention, there i8 provided glazing material bearing a pyroly~ically ~ormed, light trans~itting, solar radiation screening, metal .oxide coating, characterised in that at least 95% by w~ight o~ the metal ions in the coating consist of tin and titanium and in that the relative proportionC o~ tin and t-tanium ions in the coating are such as to impart to the coating a refractive inde~
which i~ not greater than 2.2~
The refractive index a~ a thin pyrolytically formed titanium oxide coating is ~bout 2.3. By the adoption o~ the present invention, the re~ractive index of the coating a a whole is reduced by the addition o~ 3ufficient tin ion~, and accordingly, a coating acco~ding to the invention can be made to the same op~ical thickness as, but to a great0r actual thickness than a coating of substantially pure titanium dioxide. It will be appreciated that the abra~ion resistance of such a coating is dependent on the nature and actual thickness of the coating, whereas any interference effects due to the coating will depend on its optical tbickness. The optical thickness of a coating which governs its reflectlve properties is given by t~ice its actual thickness multiplied by its refractive index. Accordingly the present`inYention provides a means o~ enhancing the abra~ion resistance of a said coating while controlling its colour in re~lection so that the resulting coating has better aging propertles~ Abrasion reslstanc~ o~ a coating ac~ording to the invention is enhanced as compared with a titanium dioxide coating of the ~ame optical thickness, because the coating according to the invention has a greater actual thi~knes~, and also ... . . . . .
~iL2;~ '7 because the addition of tin ions modifies the nature o~ the coating in a way which is beneficial for promoting abraslon resistance. Thus it is possible to simulate a thin titanium dioxide coatin~, but with better aging psoperties~
The refractive index of a said coating can be measured by a classical ellipsometry technique as described in "Thin Film Phenomenan, g.L. Chcpra, McGraw Hill, 1969, page~ 738 to 741~ and r~erences in this specification to specific values of refrac~ive ind~x are re~erences to values measu~ed by that technique~ the measurement bein~
e~fected using sodium D llght.
~o te~t the abrasion resistance of a qaid coating9 us~ can be mad~
of an annula~ reciprocating rubbing member having an internal dia~eter of 2cm and an externa} diameter of 6cm to give a rubbing sur~ace area o~ 25cm and formed by a felt pad on a~ annulac metal member. The rubbing ~ember is set in a welghted tube (weight o~ assembly; 1.7kg~
sLiding vertically in a supportO Constant contact is thereby ensured between th~ rubbing member and the sample. The hole th~ough the annular m~tal m2mber forms a r~servoir for a~ aqueous suspen~ion of crushed sand having a mean grain diameter of O.lm~ which is allowed to flow out between the felt pad and the coated glazing material being tested. ~he support carrying ~he rubbing member i recipcocated by a crank system, with an amplitude of 3cm a~ a frequency o~ l~z. After a certain time, a pattern of wear is obtained Formed by scratches very close together, with undestroyed coating left between them, ~ollowed 2S ~ventually by complete or substantially complete removal of ~he coating. Specific or comparative references in this specification to abr~sion resistance, are references to abra ion resistance as measured by that test.
In the most peeferred embodiments of the present invention, the ralative proportions of tin and ti~anium ions in the coating are such as to impar~ to the coating a refrac~ive inde~ which is at least 1.9.
This ensuses that there will be a hlgh degree of visible light reflection at thc coating.
Advantageously, the relative proportions of tin and titanium ions in the coatinq are such as ~o impart to the coating a refractive index ~L~2~ 7 which is not greater than 2015. ~'his allow4 a corre3pondingly greater actual thickness for a given optical thickness of the coating.
Preferably, said coating comprises at least 30~ tin and at ~eas~
30~ titanium calculated as weight per cent o~ the respective dioxide in the coating. It ha~ been ~ound that this gives the be~t compromise betwqqn the qolar radiatlon ~creening properties of the coating (which are largely due to the presence o~ titanium) and reduction in re~ractive indeæ and increase in abrasion resistance (which is attributable to th~ preSence of tin). To ~chieve the best abrasion re~i tance, it is prefe~red that said coating comprises at least 40 tin calculated as weight per cent of tin dioxide in the coating.
~ n the ~o t pse~esred embodiments o~ the invention, the thickness of ~he coating and the relative proportions of tin and titanium ions in the coating are such as to give inter~erence enhancement of visible light reflection within the wavelength range less than 500nm~ In this way, the qlazing material will exhibit a metallic tint whe~ viewed by ordinary daylight in re~lection ~rom the coated side.
Advantageously, the coating i~ borne by sheet glass.
Such glass ~ay be clear glass, os it may be opaqu~ glass, for example for use as exte~nal cladding panels for buildings at floor levels~ Embcdiments o~ the invention in which the sheet glass i3 tin~ed glass, foc e~ample, bronze glass, have advantageous light absorbing propertie~.
Various preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in greater detail in the following ~xamples.
TEST SAMP~E
A titanium dioxide coating 45n~ thick can be formed on glass as described in Example 1 of British Patent Specification No 1 397 741 by pyrolysis of titanyl acetylacetonate. It has been found that when formed in that way, the titanium dioxide coating has a cefractive index of 2O3r and thus an optical thickneYs in re1ection of 207nm. When the abrasion resistance of thiq coating waR tested, it wa~ found that over at least the central region of the abraded area, the coating was ~ubstantially completely removed within S ~inutes.
.. . ... .. .. . . . . .. . .
EXA~PLE 1 ~n oxid~ coating c~mprising 40~ tin and 60% titanium calculated as ~eight per cent c~ the sespective dioxide in the coatiny was formed by pyrolysis on a hot glass substrate of a solu~ion containing titanyl acetylacetonate and tin dibutyldiacetate. The resulting coatlng had a refractive index of 1.9, and was formed to a thicknes-~ of 55nm! so that it had the same optical thickness as th~ coating of the Test Sample.
When the abrasion resistanca of this coating was tested, after abrasion ~or 30 minutes, it wa~ found that a few scratches were apparent in the coating-when the coating was inspected through a microscope.
The coating exbibited a metallic tint in reflection.
In a variant of this Example the coating wa~ formed on tin~ed glass to give a reduction in luminous transmission.
~XA~P~E 2 A 6mm thick ribbon of freshly ~ormed hot clear float glass was conveyed through a coatinq station at a speed of 8.5 metres per minute. The atmospheee in the coating station had a mean temperature of absut 300C, and the rib~on enterin~ that st~tion had a mean temperature of about 600C.
A coating precursor solution was made up as follo~:
Tin dibutyldiacetate 6.7 kg Titanium diacetylacetonatediisopropylate 12.5 kg Dimethylformamlde to 100 ~
This solution was sprayed at a rate o~ 120 litres per hour to form a ~oating 42nm thick on the glass ribbon.
The calculated composition of the coating by weight was 47~ tin dioxide and 53~ titanium dioxide, and the coating had a reEractive index or 1.~.
With light incid~nt on the coated Eace of a sheet cut from this ribbon, the luminous tr~nsmissio~ of the sheet was 74.2~ and the reflectivity of light ~rom the coated face was 22.5~. The coating exhibited a metallic tint in reflection, and Lts abrasion resiRtance was similar to that specified in Example l.
In a variant of this Example, the coating was ~ormed on tinted glass to give a reduction in luminous transmission~
.: . .. .. . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . .
~L22~
EXA~rLE 3 An 8mm thick ribbon of clear float glass was coated while hot by pyrolysis of a coating precur~or ~olution made up as foll~ws:
Tin dibutyldiac:etate 9.3 kg S Titanium diacetylacetonatediisopropylate 27.8 kg Dimethylformamide to 100 L
The solution was discharged against the ribbon at a rate of 87 litres per hour ~o for~ a coating 53n~ thick containing 40% tin dioxide by w~ight~ The ~fractive index of the coating was 2.1.
With light incident on the c~ated face o~ a sheet cut from this rib~on, ~he luminous transmission of the sheet was 6Ç~ and the re flectivity of light from ~he coated ace was 28~. The coating exhibit~d a metallic tint ln reflection, and its abrasion resistance was si~ilar to that ~pecified in Example 1.
In a ~ariant or this Example the coating was formed on tintad glass to qive a reduction in luminous transmission.
EX~MæLE 4 ___ A 6m~ thick ribbon o~ freshly formed hot b~onze float qlass was conveyed through a coating station.
A coating precursor solution was made up as foLlows:
Tin dibutyldia~etate 13.2 k~
Titanlum diacetylacetonatedii opropylate 27.8 kg Dimeth~l~or~amide to lOa L
This solution was sprayed at a rate of 82 litres per hour to orm a c~ating SOnm thick on the glass ribbon.
The calculated composition of the coating by weight was 42~ tin dioxide and 58~ titanium dioxide ! and the coating had a refractive index of 2.1.
With llght inoident on the coated face of a sheet cut ~rom this ribbon, the luminous transmission of the sheet was 39% and the re~lectivity o light rom the coated face was 24~. The coating exhibited a metalll~ tint in refl~ction, and its abrasion resistance was ~imilar to that speoiied in Example L.
. .
.. . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . ..
~2~
~ n a variant of any of the foregoing Examples, the coating precursor solution used contained additional Lngredients so as to form in the coating a doping agent con~tituting up to 5% by weight of the metal ions in the coatinq, the relative proportions of tin and titanium dioxides remaining as specified.
.. .. .. . . . . . .. .. . . . . . .. . . . ... . . . .
Claims (8)
1. Glazing material bearing a pyrolytically formed, light transmitting, solar radiation screening metal oxide coating, characterised in that at least 95% by weight of the metal ions in the coating consist of tin and titanium and in that the relative proportions of tin and titanium ions in the coating are such as to impart to the coating a refractive index which is not greater than 2.2.
2. Glazing material according to claim 1, wherein the relative proportions of tin and titanium ions in the coating are such as to impart to the coating a refractive index which is at least 1.9.
3. Glazing material according to claims 1 or 2, wherein the relative proportions of tin and titanium ions in the coating are such as to impart to the coating a refractive index which is not greater than 2.15.
4. Glazing material according to claim 1, wherein said coating comprises at least 30% tin and at least 30% titanium calculated as weight per cent of the respective dioxide in the coating.
5. Glazing material according to claim 4, wherein said coating comprises at least 40% tin calculated as weight per cent of tin dioxide in the coating.
6. Glazing material according to claim 4 1, 2 or 4, wherein the thickness of the coating and the relative proportions of tin and titanium ions in the coating are such as to give interference enhancement of visible light reflection within the wavelength range less than 500 nm.
7. Glazing material according to claim 1, wherein the coating is borne by sheet glass.
8. Glazing material according to claim 7, wherein the sheet glass is tinted glass.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08334257A GB2150044B (en) | 1983-12-22 | 1983-12-22 | Coated glazing material |
| GB8334257 | 1983-12-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1220007A true CA1220007A (en) | 1987-04-07 |
Family
ID=10553711
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000468839A Expired CA1220007A (en) | 1983-12-22 | 1984-11-28 | Coated glazing material |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60141649A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT390429B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE901194A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1220007A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH661561A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3446352C2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES538195A0 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2563211B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2150044B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1180146B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU85625A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL193371C (en) |
| NO (1) | NO165633C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE461648B (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0183770B1 (en) * | 1984-05-14 | 1988-11-23 | GORDON, Roy Gerald | Color suppressing process |
| GB8508092D0 (en) * | 1985-03-28 | 1985-05-01 | Glaverbel | Transparent glazing panels |
| JPH056259U (en) * | 1991-07-05 | 1993-01-29 | 株式会社イノアツクコーポレーシヨン | Dust cover of shock absorber for vehicle |
| JPH066777U (en) * | 1992-02-26 | 1994-01-28 | ポリウレタン化成株式会社 | Dust cover for vehicle shock absorber |
| GB9304575D0 (en) * | 1993-03-05 | 1993-04-21 | Glaverbel | Coated glass and method of manufacturing same |
| US6238738B1 (en) | 1996-08-13 | 2001-05-29 | Libbey-Owens-Ford Co. | Method for depositing titanium oxide coatings on flat glass |
| US7096692B2 (en) | 1997-03-14 | 2006-08-29 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Visible-light-responsive photoactive coating, coated article, and method of making same |
| US6027766A (en) | 1997-03-14 | 2000-02-22 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Photocatalytically-activated self-cleaning article and method of making same |
| US6312831B1 (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2001-11-06 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Highly reflective, durable titanium/tin oxide films |
| GB9913315D0 (en) | 1999-06-08 | 1999-08-11 | Pilkington Plc | Improved process for coating glass |
| GB0021396D0 (en) | 2000-09-01 | 2000-10-18 | Pilkington Plc | Process for coating glass |
| EP1236705A1 (en) * | 2001-02-22 | 2002-09-04 | Atofina Vlissingen B.V. | Coated glazed articles and method for producing the same |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL132231C (en) * | 1964-09-04 | |||
| GB1187783A (en) * | 1966-03-31 | 1970-04-15 | United Glass Ltd | Strengthening Glassware |
| US3647531A (en) * | 1967-04-11 | 1972-03-07 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Method of applying coating of metal oxides upon substrates |
| BE785764A (en) * | 1971-07-08 | 1973-01-03 | Glaverbel | |
| US3784188A (en) * | 1971-08-31 | 1974-01-08 | Westvaco Corp | Accordion, folding and cutting apparatus |
| IT996924B (en) * | 1972-12-21 | 1975-12-10 | Glaverbel | PROCEDURE FOR FORMING A LAYER OF METALLIC OXIDE |
| JPS51129411A (en) * | 1975-05-06 | 1976-11-11 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Glass which refledts heat rays |
| CA1172918A (en) * | 1980-02-15 | 1984-08-21 | William E. Hofmann | Process for making glass surfaces abrasion-resistant and article produced thereby |
| JPS5849645A (en) * | 1981-09-21 | 1983-03-23 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | Manufacture of glass coated with metal oxide |
| JPS5945942A (en) * | 1982-09-02 | 1984-03-15 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | Method for forming metal oxide coating film on substrate |
-
1983
- 1983-12-22 GB GB08334257A patent/GB2150044B/en not_active Expired
-
1984
- 1984-10-31 LU LU85625A patent/LU85625A1/en unknown
- 1984-11-02 AT AT0348484A patent/AT390429B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-11-08 NO NO844457A patent/NO165633C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-11-14 CH CH5452/84A patent/CH661561A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-11-15 NL NL8403491A patent/NL193371C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-11-23 IT IT68166/84A patent/IT1180146B/en active
- 1984-11-28 CA CA000468839A patent/CA1220007A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-12-03 ES ES538195A patent/ES538195A0/en active Granted
- 1984-12-04 BE BE1/11147A patent/BE901194A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-12-05 JP JP59257288A patent/JPS60141649A/en active Pending
- 1984-12-05 FR FR848418685A patent/FR2563211B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1984-12-14 SE SE8406385A patent/SE461648B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-12-19 DE DE3446352A patent/DE3446352C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2150044B (en) | 1986-12-17 |
| NO844457L (en) | 1985-06-24 |
| AT390429B (en) | 1990-05-10 |
| ES8600175A1 (en) | 1985-10-01 |
| NO165633B (en) | 1990-12-03 |
| SE461648B (en) | 1990-03-12 |
| NO165633C (en) | 1991-03-13 |
| NL8403491A (en) | 1985-07-16 |
| IT8468166A1 (en) | 1986-05-23 |
| IT1180146B (en) | 1987-09-23 |
| NL193371B (en) | 1999-04-01 |
| DE3446352A1 (en) | 1985-07-04 |
| JPS60141649A (en) | 1985-07-26 |
| GB8334257D0 (en) | 1984-02-01 |
| SE8406385L (en) | 1985-06-23 |
| FR2563211B1 (en) | 1991-11-15 |
| NL193371C (en) | 1999-08-03 |
| DE3446352C2 (en) | 1995-02-23 |
| CH661561A5 (en) | 1987-07-31 |
| ES538195A0 (en) | 1985-10-01 |
| FR2563211A1 (en) | 1985-10-25 |
| GB2150044A (en) | 1985-06-26 |
| ATA348484A (en) | 1989-10-15 |
| BE901194A (en) | 1985-06-04 |
| LU85625A1 (en) | 1985-06-04 |
| IT8468166A0 (en) | 1984-11-23 |
| SE8406385D0 (en) | 1984-12-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKEX | Expiry |