CA1211425A - Catalysts and catalyst supports - Google Patents
Catalysts and catalyst supportsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1211425A CA1211425A CA000425572A CA425572A CA1211425A CA 1211425 A CA1211425 A CA 1211425A CA 000425572 A CA000425572 A CA 000425572A CA 425572 A CA425572 A CA 425572A CA 1211425 A CA1211425 A CA 1211425A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- composition
- alumina
- kaolin
- reacted
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical class O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 239000008131 herbal destillate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001101077 Crex Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical group C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001423 beryllium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012013 faujasite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AYOOGWWGECJQPI-NSHDSACASA-N n-[(1s)-1-(5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl)ethyl]-3-(3-propan-2-yloxy-1h-pyrazol-5-yl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-5-amine Chemical compound N1C(OC(C)C)=CC(N2C3=NC(N[C@@H](C)C=4N=CC(F)=CN=4)=CC=C3N=C2)=N1 AYOOGWWGECJQPI-NSHDSACASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 rare earth ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IPCAPQRVQMIMAN-UHFFFAOYSA-L zirconyl chloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)=O IPCAPQRVQMIMAN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/08—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y
- B01J29/085—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y containing rare earth elements, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, zinc, cadmium, mercury, gallium, indium, thallium, tin or lead
- B01J29/088—Y-type faujasite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/08—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y
- B01J29/084—Y-type faujasite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/30—After treatment, characterised by the means used
- B01J2229/36—Steaming
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/30—After treatment, characterised by the means used
- B01J2229/37—Acid treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/30—After treatment, characterised by the means used
- B01J2229/40—Special temperature treatment, i.e. other than just for template removal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/30—After treatment, characterised by the means used
- B01J2229/42—Addition of matrix or binder particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
- B01J37/0027—Powdering
- B01J37/0045—Drying a slurry, e.g. spray drying
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US36764882A | 1982-04-12 | 1982-04-12 | |
| US367,648 | 1982-04-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1211425A true CA1211425A (en) | 1986-09-16 |
Family
ID=23448035
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000425572A Expired CA1211425A (en) | 1982-04-12 | 1983-04-11 | Catalysts and catalyst supports |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58193732A (nl) |
| AU (1) | AU566582B2 (nl) |
| CA (1) | CA1211425A (nl) |
| DE (1) | DE3312639A1 (nl) |
| FR (1) | FR2524817A1 (nl) |
| GB (1) | GB2118063A (nl) |
| IT (1) | IT1164166B (nl) |
| NL (1) | NL8301268A (nl) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0358261B1 (en) * | 1988-09-06 | 1994-04-13 | Petroleo Brasileiro S.A. - Petrobras | Kaolin containing fluid cracking catalyst |
| FR2670687A1 (fr) * | 1990-12-21 | 1992-06-26 | Shell Int Research | Procede pour l'extrusion d'aluminosilicates cristallins. |
| DE69300756T2 (de) * | 1992-04-27 | 1996-05-09 | Grace W R & Co | Krackkatalysatoren und -zusätze. |
| EP1421044B1 (en) | 2001-07-02 | 2007-03-07 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Inhibiting catalyst coke formation in the manufacture of an olefin |
| US6872680B2 (en) | 2002-03-20 | 2005-03-29 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Molecular sieve catalyst composition, its making and use in conversion processes |
| US7271123B2 (en) | 2002-03-20 | 2007-09-18 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Molecular sieve catalyst composition, its making and use in conversion process |
| EP1765492A1 (de) | 2004-07-09 | 2007-03-28 | Fuesting, Bernd | Formkörper aus pulvern oder granalien, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung |
| BRPI0714518B8 (pt) * | 2006-08-03 | 2017-05-16 | Shell Int Research | método para produzir um catalisador altamente estável para hidrodessulfurização de hidrocarbonetos pesados e processo para dessulfurizar um suprimento de hidrocarbonetos pesados |
| CN101516500A (zh) | 2006-08-03 | 2009-08-26 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | 含有钼和第ⅷ族金属的催化剂及其用于加氢脱硫氢馏分油的用途 |
| US10603656B2 (en) | 2013-10-17 | 2020-03-31 | Shell Oil Company | Ultra-stable heavy hydrocarbon hydroprocessing catalyst and methods of making and use thereof |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2485626A (en) * | 1947-06-24 | 1949-10-25 | Houdry Process Corp | Catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons |
| BE648328A (nl) * | 1963-05-23 | 1900-01-01 | ||
| US3406124A (en) * | 1965-11-17 | 1968-10-15 | Mobil Oil Corp | Preparation of crystalline aluminosilicate containing composite catalyst |
| GB1359213A (en) * | 1970-10-21 | 1974-07-10 | Grace W R & Co | Method of preparing an attrition-resistant cracking catalyst |
| DE2715666A1 (de) * | 1977-04-07 | 1978-10-12 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von aethylenglykol |
| AU531615B2 (en) * | 1978-09-26 | 1983-09-01 | Mobil Oil Corp. | Zeolite containing catalyst |
-
1983
- 1983-04-08 AU AU13272/83A patent/AU566582B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1983-04-08 DE DE19833312639 patent/DE3312639A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1983-04-11 IT IT20537/83A patent/IT1164166B/it active
- 1983-04-11 CA CA000425572A patent/CA1211425A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-04-11 JP JP58062406A patent/JPS58193732A/ja active Pending
- 1983-04-11 NL NL8301268A patent/NL8301268A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-04-12 GB GB08309852A patent/GB2118063A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1983-04-12 FR FR8305968A patent/FR2524817A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1164166B (it) | 1987-04-08 |
| GB2118063A (en) | 1983-10-26 |
| GB8309852D0 (en) | 1983-05-18 |
| NL8301268A (nl) | 1983-11-01 |
| DE3312639A1 (de) | 1983-10-13 |
| AU566582B2 (en) | 1987-10-22 |
| JPS58193732A (ja) | 1983-11-11 |
| IT8320537A0 (it) | 1983-04-11 |
| AU1327283A (en) | 1983-10-20 |
| FR2524817A1 (fr) | 1983-10-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |