CA1197363A - Method for enriching and separating heavy hydrogen isotopes from substance streams containing such isotopes by means of isotope exchange - Google Patents
Method for enriching and separating heavy hydrogen isotopes from substance streams containing such isotopes by means of isotope exchangeInfo
- Publication number
- CA1197363A CA1197363A CA000420347A CA420347A CA1197363A CA 1197363 A CA1197363 A CA 1197363A CA 000420347 A CA000420347 A CA 000420347A CA 420347 A CA420347 A CA 420347A CA 1197363 A CA1197363 A CA 1197363A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- value
- salt
- ammonium hydroxide
- acid
- group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-VVKOMZTBSA-N Dideuterium Chemical compound [2H][2H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-VVKOMZTBSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 229910052722 tritium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N Tritium Chemical compound [3H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N Heavy water Chemical compound [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-PWCQTSIFSA-N Tritiated water Chemical compound [3H]O[3H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-PWCQTSIFSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 65
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trichloroethane Chemical compound ClCC(Cl)Cl UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- -1 2-ethyl hexyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitrate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000005622 tetraalkylammonium hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940073455 tetraethylammonium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- SEGLCEQVOFDUPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(O)(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC SEGLCEQVOFDUPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001450 anions Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiocyanic acid Chemical compound SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N buten-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)C=C FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium sulfate Inorganic materials [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 3-aminoazetidine-1-carboxylate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CC(N)C1 RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZMBHCYHQLYEYDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctylphosphine oxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCP(=O)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC ZMBHCYHQLYEYDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- FHUDAMLDXFJHJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)C(F)(F)F FHUDAMLDXFJHJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FFFIRKXTFQCCKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(C(O)=O)C(C)=C1 FFFIRKXTFQCCKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GIFDUOWSVNYIJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-propylnonan-5-ylphosphonic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CCC)(P(O)(O)=O)CCCC GIFDUOWSVNYIJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JYFHYPJRHGVZDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCC JYFHYPJRHGVZDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- MBAKFIZHTUAVJN-UHFFFAOYSA-I hexafluoroantimony(1-);hydron Chemical compound F.F[Sb](F)(F)(F)F MBAKFIZHTUAVJN-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 claims description 2
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000043 hydrogen iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium acetate Chemical compound [Li+].CC([O-])=O XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N picric acid Chemical compound OC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PNGLEYLFMHGIQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3-(n-ethyl-3-methoxyanilino)-2-hydroxypropane-1-sulfonate;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)CC(O)CN(CC)C1=CC=CC(OC)=C1 PNGLEYLFMHGIQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfurothioic S-acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=S DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003738 xylenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- MFGOFGRYDNHJTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethanol Chemical compound NCC(O)C1=CC=CC=C1F MFGOFGRYDNHJTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Cs+] HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 3
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005185 salting out Methods 0.000 claims 2
- LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- IILMIAKZFKOMTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-didodecylnaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(O)(=O)=O)=C(CCCCCCCCCCCC)C(CCCCCCCCCCCC)=CC2=C1 IILMIAKZFKOMTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- LJKDOMVGKKPJBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(O)(O)=O LJKDOMVGKKPJBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- BVXOPEOQUQWRHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCOP([O-])OCCCC BVXOPEOQUQWRHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- XNQULTQRGBXLIA-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonic anhydride Chemical compound O[P+](O)=O XNQULTQRGBXLIA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims 1
- KVHZGVIRDXYNSI-UHFFFAOYSA-L tetraethylazanium tetrapropylazanium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC.CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC KVHZGVIRDXYNSI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 40
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 27
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 18
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000011167 hydrochloric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 150000003983 crown ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229960000443 hydrochloric acid Drugs 0.000 description 11
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 9
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 5
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- NHGXDBSUJJNIRV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC NHGXDBSUJJNIRV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- YMBCJWGVCUEGHA-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC YMBCJWGVCUEGHA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- OKIZCWYLBDKLSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M N,N,N-Trimethylmethanaminium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)C OKIZCWYLBDKLSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229920001429 chelating resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N triglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOC YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- LWAVGNJLLQSNNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) 4-azidobenzoate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=[N+]=[N-])=CC=C1C(=O)ON1C(=O)CCC1=O LWAVGNJLLQSNNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YZUPZGFPHUVJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-2-methoxyethane Chemical compound COCCBr YZUPZGFPHUVJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JEHKKBHWRAXMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfinic acid Chemical compound O[S@@](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 JEHKKBHWRAXMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003791 organic solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- CMXPERZAMAQXSF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;1,4-bis(2-ethylhexoxy)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate;1,8-dihydroxyanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1C2=CC=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2O.CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC CMXPERZAMAQXSF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylammonium Chemical compound CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DPEYHNFHDIXMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (9-amino-3-bicyclo[3.3.1]nonanyl)-(4-benzyl-5-methyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)methanone dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.CC1CCN(CCN1Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)C1CC2CCCC(C1)C2N DPEYHNFHDIXMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEZNGIUYQVAUSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 18-crown-6 Chemical compound C1COCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO1 XEZNGIUYQVAUSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMDXPMASTXFCHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)C(COP(OCC(CCCC)CC)(O)=O)CCCC.P(=O)(OCCCC)(OCCCC)OCCCC.C(C)(=O)OCC.CC1=CC=CC=C1.[N+](=O)([O-])C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1.C(C)OCC Chemical compound C(C)C(COP(OCC(CCCC)CC)(O)=O)CCCC.P(=O)(OCCCC)(OCCCC)OCCCC.C(C)(=O)OCC.CC1=CC=CC=C1.[N+](=O)([O-])C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1.C(C)OCC VMDXPMASTXFCHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZIOAVLYQHMMLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC=C.CC=C.CC=C.CC=C.N Chemical compound CC=C.CC=C.CC=C.CC=C.N NZIOAVLYQHMMLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GMBRGOVVXUTOHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ClCC(Cl)Cl.ClCC(Cl)(Cl)Cl Chemical compound ClCC(Cl)Cl.ClCC(Cl)(Cl)Cl GMBRGOVVXUTOHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000283715 Damaliscus lunatus Species 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052778 Plutonium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910006069 SO3H Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001255 actinides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- GVCMYAIAQAZGCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium;prop-1-ene;hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-].CC=C.CC=C.CC=C.CC=C GVCMYAIAQAZGCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012993 chemical processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- RQIFXTOWUNAUJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanesulfinic acid Chemical compound CCS(O)=O RQIFXTOWUNAUJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001600 hydrophobic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000155 isotopic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- XNEFVTBPCXGIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanesulfinic acid Chemical compound CS(O)=O XNEFVTBPCXGIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009377 nuclear transmutation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N plutonium atom Chemical compound [Pu] OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- BALXUFOVQVENIU-KXNXZCPBSA-N pseudoephedrine hydrochloride Chemical compound [H+].[Cl-].CN[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 BALXUFOVQVENIU-KXNXZCPBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000006379 syphilis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000003698 tetramethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium Chemical compound [U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U] DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B4/00—Hydrogen isotopes; Inorganic compounds thereof prepared by isotope exchange, e.g. NH3 + D2 → NH2D + HD
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D59/00—Separation of different isotopes of the same chemical element
- B01D59/28—Separation by chemical exchange
- B01D59/32—Separation by chemical exchange by exchange between fluids
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Treatment Of Liquids With Adsorbents In General (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP3202776.1 | 1982-01-28 | ||
| DE3202776A DE3202776C2 (de) | 1982-01-28 | 1982-01-28 | Verfahren zur Anreicherung und Abtrennung von schweren Wasserstoff-Isotopen aus diese enthaltenden Stoffströmen durch Isotopenaustausch |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1197363A true CA1197363A (en) | 1985-12-03 |
Family
ID=6154157
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000420347A Expired CA1197363A (en) | 1982-01-28 | 1983-01-27 | Method for enriching and separating heavy hydrogen isotopes from substance streams containing such isotopes by means of isotope exchange |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4519996A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| JP (1) | JPS58131125A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| BE (1) | BE895564A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| CA (1) | CA1197363A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| CH (1) | CH659954A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DE (1) | DE3202776C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| FR (1) | FR2520251B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB2116534B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3508503A1 (de) * | 1985-03-09 | 1986-09-11 | Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh, 7500 Karlsruhe | Verfahren zur anreicherung und abtrennung von oxiden schwerer wasserstoff-isotope aus sauren, waessrigen loesungen oder stoffstroemen |
| US4749518A (en) * | 1985-08-06 | 1988-06-07 | University Of South Carolina | Extraction of cesium and strontium from nuclear waste |
| US5132018A (en) * | 1988-05-20 | 1992-07-21 | Millipore Corporation | Isoconductive gradient ion chromatography |
| FR2656150B1 (fr) * | 1989-12-15 | 1994-04-15 | Matieres Nucleaires Cie Gle | Procede de recuperation au moyen d'un ether couronne du plutonium present dans des solutions telles que les effluents aqueux, les solutions concentrees de produits de fission et les solutions concentrees de plutonium. |
| CA2031750A1 (en) * | 1989-12-15 | 1991-06-16 | Marc Lemaire | Method for separating by using crown compounds plutonium from uranium and from fission products in the initial stages for the reprocessing of irradiated nuclear fuels |
| JPH053020U (ja) * | 1992-04-28 | 1993-01-19 | 三菱農機株式会社 | 移動農機におけるクラツチのシフター装置 |
| US6348153B1 (en) | 1998-03-25 | 2002-02-19 | James A. Patterson | Method for separating heavy isotopes of hydrogen oxide from water |
| RU2174043C2 (ru) * | 1999-12-20 | 2001-09-27 | Российский Федеральный Ядерный Центр - Всероссийский Научно-Исследовательский Институт Экспериментальной Физики | Способ получения высокой плотности изотопов водорода |
| US6984327B1 (en) | 2004-11-23 | 2006-01-10 | Patterson James A | System and method for separating heavy isotopes of hydrogen oxide from water |
| US7410011B2 (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2008-08-12 | Core Laboratories Lp | Method to determine the concentration of deuterium oxide in a subterranean formation |
| CN108073730A (zh) * | 2016-11-09 | 2018-05-25 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | 动物产品中氚浓度的估算方法 |
| US11266926B2 (en) | 2017-08-30 | 2022-03-08 | Cornell University | Fluorinated crown ethers and methods and systems for extraction of lithium using same |
| CN112657336B (zh) * | 2020-12-03 | 2023-10-17 | 郑州大学 | 一种稳定同位素浮游萃取精密分离的方法 |
| CN114210375B (zh) * | 2021-10-23 | 2024-04-12 | 苏州思萃同位素技术研究所有限公司 | 一种氢同位素取代酸的制备方法 |
| CN114768531B (zh) * | 2022-05-31 | 2023-04-07 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | 一种氢同位素水分离系统及方法 |
| CN115582021B (zh) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-09-12 | 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 | 锂同位素的毛细管多级界面富集体系及分离富集方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3214486A (en) * | 1965-10-26 | Method for preparing radioactive hydrocarbons | ||
| US2780526A (en) * | 1951-04-12 | 1957-02-05 | Union Oil Co | Isotope separation process |
| FR1450643A (fr) * | 1965-06-30 | 1966-06-24 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procédé d'enrichissement isotopique par échange bitherme ammoniac-hydrogène |
| CA901266A (en) * | 1969-04-08 | 1972-05-30 | R. Bancroft Allan | Deuterium-hydrogen exchange using diamines |
| FR2079707A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1970-02-10 | 1971-11-12 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | |
| US3914373A (en) * | 1973-01-20 | 1975-10-21 | Us Energy | Method for separating isotopes |
| CA1014333A (en) * | 1973-07-31 | 1977-07-26 | William J. Holtslander | Catalyst for hydrogen-amine d exchange |
| CA1072720A (en) * | 1976-06-25 | 1980-03-04 | John P. Butler | Process for the exchange of hydrogen isotopes using a catalyst packed bed assembly |
| JPS5381899A (en) * | 1976-12-27 | 1978-07-19 | Power Reactor & Nuclear Fuel Dev Corp | Manufacturing method of tritium |
| DE2929167A1 (de) * | 1979-07-19 | 1981-02-05 | Uhde Gmbh | Verfahren zur reinigung der bei der wiederaufbereitung von bestrahlten kernbrennstoffen nach dem purex-prozess vorhandenen produktloesungen von tritium |
-
1982
- 1982-01-28 DE DE3202776A patent/DE3202776C2/de not_active Expired
- 1982-12-30 FR FR8222153A patent/FR2520251B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1983
- 1983-01-10 BE BE1/10689A patent/BE895564A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-01-21 CH CH342/83A patent/CH659954A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-01-26 JP JP58011227A patent/JPS58131125A/ja active Granted
- 1983-01-26 US US06/461,171 patent/US4519996A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1983-01-27 CA CA000420347A patent/CA1197363A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-01-27 GB GB08302200A patent/GB2116534B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3202776A1 (de) | 1983-08-04 |
| GB2116534B (en) | 1985-04-03 |
| CH659954A5 (de) | 1987-03-13 |
| DE3202776C2 (de) | 1987-01-29 |
| FR2520251B1 (fr) | 1986-10-31 |
| US4519996A (en) | 1985-05-28 |
| GB8302200D0 (en) | 1983-03-02 |
| BE895564A (fr) | 1983-05-02 |
| JPS6345244B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1988-09-08 |
| JPS58131125A (ja) | 1983-08-04 |
| GB2116534A (en) | 1983-09-28 |
| FR2520251A1 (fr) | 1983-07-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA1197363A (en) | Method for enriching and separating heavy hydrogen isotopes from substance streams containing such isotopes by means of isotope exchange | |
| US3900551A (en) | Selective extraction of metals from acidic uranium (vi) solutions using neo-tridecano-hydroxamic acid | |
| US5512256A (en) | Method of separation of yttrium-90 from strontium-90 | |
| US3993728A (en) | Bidentate organophosphorus solvent extraction process for actinide recovery and partition | |
| EP0160765B1 (en) | Process for separating zirconium isotopes | |
| Chiarizia et al. | Study of uranium removal from groundwater by supported liquid membranes | |
| Warshawsky et al. | Impregnated Resins: Metal‐Ion Complexing Agents Incorporated Physically In Polymeric Matrices | |
| Horwitz et al. | Behavior of Americium in the Strip Stages of the TRUEX Process | |
| Van Hecke et al. | Research on advanced aqueous reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel: literature study | |
| CA1282938C (en) | Process for enriching and separating oxides of heavy hydrogen isotopes from acid, aqueous solutions or other aqueous streams | |
| US4567025A (en) | Chemical separation method for uranium isotopes | |
| WO1993023854A1 (en) | Method of separating yttrium-90 from strontium-90 | |
| Manchanda et al. | New developments in thorium, uranium, and plutonium extraction | |
| Khopkar | Solvent extraction: separation of elements with liquid ion exchangers | |
| Sekine et al. | Studies of actinium (III) in various solutions. II. Distribution behavior of lanthanum (III) and actinium (III) in some chelate extraction systems | |
| Schulz et al. | Bidentate organophosphorus extractants: purification, properties and applications to removal of actinides from acidic waste solutions | |
| US4898963A (en) | Process for the recovery of acid organophosphorus compounds and/or organophosphate ions present in an aqueous solution | |
| US2835687A (en) | Isotope fractionation process | |
| JPH04118593A (ja) | プルトニウムの回収方法 | |
| Bray et al. | Method of separation of yttrium-90 from strontium-90 | |
| Wilden et al. | Spiked laboratory-scale continuous counter-current centrifugal contactor demonstration of a novel innovative-SANEX process | |
| Flanary et al. | Recovery of neptunium-237 from process residues by solvent extraction | |
| Brown et al. | Flowsheet Design for the Purification of Mo-99 and Uranium Target Recovery by Solvent Extraction | |
| US2863892A (en) | Separation of plutonium from lanthanum by chelation-extraction | |
| Berger et al. | Processing of highly irradiated Al-Pu alloy |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEC | Expiry (correction) | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |