CA1194622A - Flotation apparatus and method for achieving flotation in a centrifugal field - Google Patents
Flotation apparatus and method for achieving flotation in a centrifugal fieldInfo
- Publication number
- CA1194622A CA1194622A CA000383739A CA383739A CA1194622A CA 1194622 A CA1194622 A CA 1194622A CA 000383739 A CA000383739 A CA 000383739A CA 383739 A CA383739 A CA 383739A CA 1194622 A CA1194622 A CA 1194622A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- vessel
- particles
- chamber
- flotation
- fluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 113
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009291 froth flotation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241001092591 Flota Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052569 sulfide mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical class C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000331231 Amorphocerini gen. n. 1 DAD-2008 Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001527902 Aratus Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007441 Spherical agglomeration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- CVSVTCORWBXHQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N creatine Chemical compound NC(=[NH2+])N(C)CC([O-])=O CVSVTCORWBXHQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052949 galena Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;titanium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Ti].[Fe] YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(ii) sulfide Chemical compound [Pb]=S XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052592 oxide mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010665 pine oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/14—Flotation machines
- B03D1/1418—Flotation machines using centrifugal forces
- B03D1/1425—Flotation machines using centrifugal forces air-sparged hydrocyclones
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/14—Flotation machines
- B03D1/1493—Flotation machines with means for establishing a specified flow pattern
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
- B04C5/08—Vortex chamber constructions
- B04C5/10—Vortex chamber constructions with perforated walls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C7/00—Apparatus not provided for in group B04C1/00, B04C3/00, or B04C5/00; Multiple arrangements not provided for in one of the groups B04C1/00, B04C3/00, or B04C5/00; Combinations of apparatus covered by two or more of the groups B04C1/00, B04C3/00, or B04C5/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C9/00—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/14—Flotation machines
- B03D1/1431—Dissolved air flotation machines
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Cyclones (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
- Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/182,524 | 1980-08-29 | ||
US06/182,524 US4399027A (en) | 1979-11-15 | 1980-08-29 | Flotation apparatus and method for achieving flotation in a centrifugal field |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA1194622A true CA1194622A (en) | 1985-10-01 |
Family
ID=22668839
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA000383739A Expired CA1194622A (en) | 1980-08-29 | 1981-08-12 | Flotation apparatus and method for achieving flotation in a centrifugal field |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US4399027A (en, 2012) |
EP (1) | EP0047135A3 (en, 2012) |
JP (1) | JPS5771656A (en, 2012) |
AU (1) | AU554403B2 (en, 2012) |
BR (1) | BR8105505A (en, 2012) |
CA (1) | CA1194622A (en, 2012) |
MX (1) | MX159100A (en, 2012) |
NO (1) | NO812923L (en, 2012) |
PH (1) | PH18766A (en, 2012) |
PL (1) | PL232844A1 (en, 2012) |
ZA (1) | ZA815186B (en, 2012) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7438807B2 (en) | 2002-09-19 | 2008-10-21 | Suncor Energy, Inc. | Bituminous froth inclined plate separator and hydrocarbon cyclone treatment process |
US7556715B2 (en) | 2004-01-09 | 2009-07-07 | Suncor Energy, Inc. | Bituminous froth inline steam injection processing |
US7736501B2 (en) | 2002-09-19 | 2010-06-15 | Suncor Energy Inc. | System and process for concentrating hydrocarbons in a bitumen feed |
US8025341B2 (en) | 2005-11-09 | 2011-09-27 | Suncor Energy Inc. | Mobile oil sands mining system |
US8168071B2 (en) | 2005-11-09 | 2012-05-01 | Suncor Energy Inc. | Process and apparatus for treating a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock |
US8968580B2 (en) | 2009-12-23 | 2015-03-03 | Suncor Energy Inc. | Apparatus and method for regulating flow through a pumpbox |
Families Citing this family (99)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4744890A (en) * | 1979-11-15 | 1988-05-17 | University Of Utah | Flotation apparatus and method |
US4838434A (en) * | 1979-11-15 | 1989-06-13 | University Of Utah | Air sparged hydrocyclone flotation apparatus and methods for separating particles from a particulate suspension |
FR2536672B1 (fr) * | 1982-11-26 | 1994-07-08 | Chaudrofrance Sa | Decanteur lamellaire centrifuge |
EP0152437A1 (en) * | 1983-08-11 | 1985-08-28 | CARROLL, Noel | Liquid separating method and apparatus |
US4563123A (en) * | 1983-09-12 | 1986-01-07 | Conoco Inc. | Direct coupling of a vortex injector to a centrifugal pump |
US4511474A (en) * | 1984-01-27 | 1985-04-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Cyclone separator having boundary layer turbulence control |
GB2158741B (en) * | 1984-05-14 | 1988-08-17 | Hydro Int Ltd | Separation of components of a fluid mixture |
DE3610739A1 (de) * | 1986-03-29 | 1987-10-15 | Knauf Res Cottrell | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur messung von parametern in suspensionen |
DE3634323C2 (de) * | 1986-10-08 | 1995-11-16 | Leschonski Kurt Dr Ing | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Fliehkrafttrennung eines Flotationssuspensionsgemisches |
US4855065A (en) * | 1987-12-14 | 1989-08-08 | Keeter Kathy L | Apparatus and process to separate and remove extraneous matter from a liquid stream |
US4780201A (en) * | 1987-12-14 | 1988-10-25 | Keeter Kathy L | Apparatus and process to separate and remove extraneous matter from a liquid stream |
EP0401276A4 (en) * | 1988-02-19 | 1991-11-13 | Conoco Specialty Products Inc. | Separating liquids |
AU619814B2 (en) * | 1988-02-19 | 1992-02-06 | Conoco Specialty Products Inc. | Separating liquids |
US4876016A (en) * | 1988-06-27 | 1989-10-24 | Amoco Corporation | Method of controlling the separation efficiency of a hydrocyclone |
US4971685A (en) * | 1989-04-11 | 1990-11-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior | Bubble injected hydrocyclone flotation cell |
JPH0365258A (ja) * | 1989-08-01 | 1991-03-20 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | 浮選装置 |
US4997549A (en) * | 1989-09-19 | 1991-03-05 | Advanced Processing Technologies, Inc. | Air-sparged hydrocyclone separator |
EP0496765A4 (en) * | 1989-10-19 | 1993-04-07 | The University Of Newcastle Research Associates Limited | Method and apparatus for separation by flotation in a centrifugal field |
US5224604A (en) * | 1990-04-11 | 1993-07-06 | Hydro Processing & Mining Ltd. | Apparatus and method for separation of wet and dry particles |
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US5114568A (en) * | 1990-07-13 | 1992-05-19 | Earth Solutions, Inc. | Reclamation system for contaminated material |
US5069751A (en) * | 1990-08-09 | 1991-12-03 | Kamyr, Inc. | Hydrocyclone deinking of paper during recycling |
US5131980A (en) * | 1990-08-09 | 1992-07-21 | Kamyr, Inc. | Hydrocyclone removal of sticky contaminants during paper recycling |
US5116488A (en) * | 1990-08-28 | 1992-05-26 | Kamyr, Inc. | Gas sparged centrifugal device |
US5725764A (en) * | 1990-09-28 | 1998-03-10 | Paul C. Broussard, Sr. | Apparatus for clarifying contaminated fluids |
US5236590A (en) * | 1991-11-21 | 1993-08-17 | Chevron Research And Technology Company | Process for removing dissolved organics from aqueous compositions |
US5192423A (en) * | 1992-01-06 | 1993-03-09 | Hydro Processing & Mining Ltd. | Apparatus and method for separation of wet particles |
US5246116A (en) * | 1992-09-22 | 1993-09-21 | Reynolds Metals Company | Method and apparatus for separation and recovery of the components from foil-containing laminates |
DE4330635C2 (de) * | 1993-09-10 | 1996-07-11 | Voith Sulzer Stoffaufbereitung | Verfahren zur Abtrennung von Feststoffen durch Flotation und Flotationsvorrichtung |
US5456362A (en) * | 1994-05-26 | 1995-10-10 | The University Of British Columbia | Flutation process for the flutation of coarse fractions of potash ores |
US5580446A (en) * | 1994-10-20 | 1996-12-03 | International Paper Company | Screen, vortex apparatus for cleaning recycled pulp and related process |
US5531904A (en) * | 1995-03-20 | 1996-07-02 | Revtech Industries, Inc. | Gas sparging method for removing volatile contaminants from liquids |
US5529701A (en) * | 1995-03-20 | 1996-06-25 | Revtech Industries, Inc. | Method and apparatus for optimizing gas-liquid interfacial contact |
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US5662811A (en) * | 1995-03-20 | 1997-09-02 | Revtech Industries, Inc. | Method for creating gas-liquid interfacial contact conditions for highly efficient mass transfer |
US6004386A (en) * | 1995-06-21 | 1999-12-21 | Revtech Industries, Inc. | Apparatus for creating gas-liquid interfacial contact conditions for highly efficient mass transfer |
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US6036871A (en) * | 1996-04-25 | 2000-03-14 | Fan Separator Gmbh | Method and device for separating heavier from lighter parts of aqueous slurries by means of centrifugal force effects |
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- 1981-08-27 NO NO812923A patent/NO812923L/no unknown
- 1981-08-27 EP EP81303915A patent/EP0047135A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1981-08-28 BR BR8105505A patent/BR8105505A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-08-28 PL PL23284481A patent/PL232844A1/xx unknown
- 1981-08-28 JP JP56134365A patent/JPS5771656A/ja active Granted
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US7438189B2 (en) | 2002-09-19 | 2008-10-21 | Suncor Energy, Inc. | Bituminous froth inclined plate separator and hydrocarbon cyclone treatment process |
US7726491B2 (en) | 2002-09-19 | 2010-06-01 | Suncor Energy Inc. | Bituminous froth hydrocarbon cyclone |
US7736501B2 (en) | 2002-09-19 | 2010-06-15 | Suncor Energy Inc. | System and process for concentrating hydrocarbons in a bitumen feed |
US7438807B2 (en) | 2002-09-19 | 2008-10-21 | Suncor Energy, Inc. | Bituminous froth inclined plate separator and hydrocarbon cyclone treatment process |
US8685210B2 (en) | 2004-01-09 | 2014-04-01 | Suncor Energy Inc. | Bituminous froth inline steam injection processing |
US7556715B2 (en) | 2004-01-09 | 2009-07-07 | Suncor Energy, Inc. | Bituminous froth inline steam injection processing |
US7914670B2 (en) | 2004-01-09 | 2011-03-29 | Suncor Energy Inc. | Bituminous froth inline steam injection processing |
US8025341B2 (en) | 2005-11-09 | 2011-09-27 | Suncor Energy Inc. | Mobile oil sands mining system |
US8168071B2 (en) | 2005-11-09 | 2012-05-01 | Suncor Energy Inc. | Process and apparatus for treating a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock |
US8225944B2 (en) | 2005-11-09 | 2012-07-24 | Suncor Energy Inc. | System, apparatus and process for extraction of bitumen from oil sands |
US8480908B2 (en) | 2005-11-09 | 2013-07-09 | Suncor Energy Inc. | Process, apparatus and system for treating a hydrocarbon feedstock |
US8096425B2 (en) | 2005-11-09 | 2012-01-17 | Suncor Energy Inc. | System, apparatus and process for extraction of bitumen from oil sands |
US8800784B2 (en) | 2005-11-09 | 2014-08-12 | Suncor Energy Inc. | System, apparatus and process for extraction of bitumen from oil sands |
US8968580B2 (en) | 2009-12-23 | 2015-03-03 | Suncor Energy Inc. | Apparatus and method for regulating flow through a pumpbox |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU554403B2 (en) | 1986-08-21 |
US4399027A (en) | 1983-08-16 |
PH18766A (en) | 1985-09-20 |
PL232844A1 (en, 2012) | 1982-03-29 |
JPH0239310B2 (en, 2012) | 1990-09-05 |
EP0047135A2 (en) | 1982-03-10 |
EP0047135A3 (en) | 1983-02-23 |
ZA815186B (en) | 1982-08-25 |
MX159100A (es) | 1989-04-17 |
NO812923L (no) | 1982-03-01 |
US4397741A (en) | 1983-08-09 |
JPS5771656A (en) | 1982-05-04 |
AU7477881A (en) | 1982-03-04 |
BR8105505A (pt) | 1982-05-11 |
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