CA1193240A - Catalyst and steam reforming process - Google Patents
Catalyst and steam reforming processInfo
- Publication number
- CA1193240A CA1193240A CA000417674A CA417674A CA1193240A CA 1193240 A CA1193240 A CA 1193240A CA 000417674 A CA000417674 A CA 000417674A CA 417674 A CA417674 A CA 417674A CA 1193240 A CA1193240 A CA 1193240A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- support
- metal
- process according
- steam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 152
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 10
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 244000191761 Sida cordifolia Species 0.000 description 7
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004684 trihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000264877 Hippospongia communis Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- VXNYVYJABGOSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Rh+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VXNYVYJABGOSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000002105 tongue Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OWNRRUFOJXFKCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromadiolone Chemical compound C=1C=C(C=2C=CC(Br)=CC=2)C=CC=1C(O)CC(C=1C(OC2=CC=CC=C2C=1O)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OWNRRUFOJXFKCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000282337 Nasua nasua Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- MYWUZJCMWCOHBA-VIFPVBQESA-N methamphetamine Chemical compound CN[C@@H](C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 MYWUZJCMWCOHBA-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIJNJJZPYXGIQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1lambda4,2lambda4-dimolybdacyclopropa-1,2,3-triene Chemical compound [Mo]=C=[Mo] QIJNJJZPYXGIQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVQBLGZPHOPPFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(1-methoxypropan-2-yl)acetamide Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC(C)=C1N(C(C)COC)C(=O)CCl WVQBLGZPHOPPFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100022600 40S ribosomal protein S3a Human genes 0.000 description 1
- NIOAQWNBYGPMHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(N-hexadecanoyl)aminofluorescin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)=CC=C1C1=C2C=CC(=O)C=C2OC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 NIOAQWNBYGPMHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUBDBMMJDZJVOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole Chemical compound N=1C2=CC(OC)=CC=C2NC=1S(=O)CC1=NC=C(C)C(OC)=C1C SUBDBMMJDZJVOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000428352 Amma Species 0.000 description 1
- 101100119077 Caenorhabditis elegans erl-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101100102511 Clonostachys rogersoniana verJ gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000518994 Conta Species 0.000 description 1
- YUBJPYNSGLJZPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dithiopyr Chemical compound CSC(=O)C1=C(C(F)F)N=C(C(F)(F)F)C(C(=O)SC)=C1CC(C)C YUBJPYNSGLJZPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100258093 Drosophila melanogaster stum gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 101000679249 Homo sapiens 40S ribosomal protein S3a Proteins 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100258095 Mus musculus Stum gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000180577 Sambucus australis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000018734 Sambucus australis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000405961 Scomberomorus regalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000153282 Theope Species 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000030614 Urania Species 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CBHOOMGKXCMKIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;methanol Chemical compound N.OC CBHOOMGKXCMKIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANTSCNMPPGJYLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlordiazepoxide Chemical compound O=N=1CC(NC)=NC2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1 ANTSCNMPPGJYLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940000425 combination drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003966 growth inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- VOVZXURTCKPRDQ-CQSZACIVSA-N n-[4-[chloro(difluoro)methoxy]phenyl]-6-[(3r)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl]-5-(1h-pyrazol-5-yl)pyridine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound C1[C@H](O)CCN1C1=NC=C(C(=O)NC=2C=CC(OC(F)(F)Cl)=CC=2)C=C1C1=CC=NN1 VOVZXURTCKPRDQ-CQSZACIVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NCYVXEGFNDZQCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nikethamide Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 NCYVXEGFNDZQCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940099990 ogen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NQLVQOSNDJXLKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N prosulfocarb Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)C(=O)SCC1=CC=CC=C1 NQLVQOSNDJXLKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N thorium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Th]=O ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- FCTBKIHDJGHPPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[U]=O FCTBKIHDJGHPPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
- B01J35/56—Foraminous structures having flow-through passages or channels, e.g. grids or three-dimensional monoliths
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/89—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
- B01J23/8933—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals also combined with metals, or metal oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/894—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals also combined with metals, or metal oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with rare earths or actinides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
- B01J37/0242—Coating followed by impregnation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
- C01B3/40—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts characterised by the catalyst
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1005—Arrangement or shape of catalyst
- C01B2203/1011—Packed bed of catalytic structures, e.g. particles, packing elements
- C01B2203/1017—Packed bed of catalytic structures, e.g. particles, packing elements characterised by the form of the structure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1005—Arrangement or shape of catalyst
- C01B2203/1023—Catalysts in the form of a monolith or honeycomb
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
- C01B2203/1052—Nickel or cobalt catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
- C01B2203/1064—Platinum group metal catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1082—Composition of support materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8138389 | 1981-12-21 | ||
| GB8138389 | 1981-12-21 | ||
| GB8204893 | 1982-02-19 | ||
| GB8204893 | 1982-02-19 | ||
| GB8229121 | 1982-10-12 | ||
| GB8229121 | 1982-10-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1193240A true CA1193240A (en) | 1985-09-10 |
Family
ID=27261409
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000417674A Expired CA1193240A (en) | 1981-12-21 | 1982-12-14 | Catalyst and steam reforming process |
Country Status (7)
Families Citing this family (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8316588D0 (en) * | 1983-06-17 | 1983-07-20 | Ici Plc | Contact material |
| GB8501526D0 (en) * | 1985-01-22 | 1985-02-20 | Ici Plc | Catalyst |
| DE4002621A1 (de) * | 1990-01-30 | 1991-08-01 | Braun Ag | Beheizbares geraet des persoenlichen bedarfs |
| IT1238676B (it) * | 1990-01-26 | 1993-09-01 | Snam Progetti | Sistema catalitico e procedimento per la produzione di gas di sintesi mediante reazione di reforming di idrocarubri leggeri con co2 |
| FR2675568B1 (fr) * | 1991-04-19 | 1993-07-16 | Air Liquide | Procede de separation cryogenique de melanges contenant de l'oxygene et garnissages organises pour la mise en óoeuvre de ce procede. |
| JPH111302A (ja) * | 1997-06-10 | 1999-01-06 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料改質方法と燃料改質装置ならびに該燃料改質装置を備えた燃料電池装置 |
| CZ302007B6 (cs) | 1998-07-08 | 2010-09-01 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Zarízení pro reformování paliva a zpusob výroby vodíkem obohaceného plynného paliva provádený v tomto zarízení |
| US6641625B1 (en) | 1999-05-03 | 2003-11-04 | Nuvera Fuel Cells, Inc. | Integrated hydrocarbon reforming system and controls |
| US7335346B2 (en) * | 1999-08-17 | 2008-02-26 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Catalyst and method of steam reforming |
| AU2001287603B2 (en) * | 2000-07-25 | 2004-11-25 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | A reactor comprising a packed bed of supported catalyst or supported catalyst precursor, and a use of the reactor |
| MY136087A (en) * | 2001-10-22 | 2008-08-29 | Shell Int Research | Process to reduce the temperature of a hydrogen and carbon monoxide containing gas and heat exchanger for use in said process |
| US7176160B2 (en) * | 2002-10-16 | 2007-02-13 | Conocophillips Company | Method for forming a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst using a boehmite support |
| US7341976B2 (en) * | 2002-10-16 | 2008-03-11 | Conocophillips Company | Stabilized boehmite-derived catalyst supports, catalysts, methods of making and using |
| US7102048B2 (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2006-09-05 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Methanol feed for producing olefin streams |
| US7326394B2 (en) * | 2003-03-07 | 2008-02-05 | Velocys | Catalysts, methods of making catalysts, and methods of combustion |
| US7722854B2 (en) * | 2003-06-25 | 2010-05-25 | Velocy's | Steam reforming methods and catalysts |
| US8277773B2 (en) | 2004-02-13 | 2012-10-02 | Velocys Corp. | Steam reforming method |
| US7874432B2 (en) | 2004-03-23 | 2011-01-25 | Velocys | Protected alloy surfaces in microchannel apparatus and catalysts, alumina supported catalysts, catalyst intermediates, and methods of forming catalysts and microchannel apparatus |
| US7514387B2 (en) * | 2005-02-15 | 2009-04-07 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Reformer and method of making the same |
| US7998899B2 (en) | 2007-11-27 | 2011-08-16 | Shell Oil Company | Catalyst with support structure |
| WO2009068510A2 (en) | 2007-11-27 | 2009-06-04 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Catalyst support |
| KR100991263B1 (ko) * | 2008-08-01 | 2010-11-01 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | 천연가스를 수증기와 이산화탄소로 동시에 개질하는 혼합개질 반응용 니켈계 촉매 |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE634920A (US07714131-20100511-C00038.png) * | 1962-07-13 | |||
| GB1064922A (en) * | 1966-03-16 | 1967-04-12 | Catalysts & Chem Inc | Hydrocarbon reforming catalysts |
| DE1906416A1 (de) * | 1969-02-08 | 1970-09-03 | Rindtorff Dr Phil Dr Ing P H E | Katalysator |
| BE754964A (fr) * | 1969-08-21 | 1971-02-18 | Basf Ag | Procede perfectionne pour le reformage a la vapeur des hydrocarbures gazeux et en particulier du gaz naturel |
| BE765482A (fr) * | 1970-04-20 | 1971-08-30 | Du Pont | Catalyseur de reforming modifie au rhenium |
| US3846344A (en) * | 1972-07-24 | 1974-11-05 | Int Nickel Co | Method for producing nickel catalyst |
| US3994831A (en) * | 1975-09-02 | 1976-11-30 | Betz Erwin C | Metallic catalyst support and catalytic metal coated on same |
| FR2328656A1 (fr) * | 1975-10-22 | 1977-05-20 | Azote & Prod Chim | Nouveau catalyseur de reformage a la vapeur |
| US4233187A (en) * | 1979-03-26 | 1980-11-11 | United Catalysts Inc. | Catalyst and process for steam-reforming of hydrocarbons |
| GB2053957A (en) * | 1979-06-27 | 1981-02-11 | Ici Ltd | Catalytic process involving carbon monoxide and hydrogen |
| EP0025308B1 (en) * | 1979-09-06 | 1984-07-11 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | A process and apparatus for catalytically reacting steam with a hydrocarbon in endothermic conditions |
| US4301039A (en) * | 1980-03-17 | 1981-11-17 | Retallick William B | Method of making a metal catalyst support |
| US4388277A (en) * | 1980-06-06 | 1983-06-14 | United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority | Catalyst device and method |
| US4349450A (en) * | 1981-04-01 | 1982-09-14 | Johnson Matthey, Inc. | Catalytic elements |
-
1982
- 1982-11-30 EP EP82306354A patent/EP0082614B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-11-30 DE DE8282306354T patent/DE3272205D1/de not_active Expired
- 1982-12-08 IN IN897/DEL/82A patent/IN159217B/en unknown
- 1982-12-14 CA CA000417674A patent/CA1193240A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-12-16 DK DK558482A patent/DK558482A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1982-12-20 NO NO824276A patent/NO824276L/no unknown
-
1984
- 1984-11-19 US US06/672,865 patent/US4581157A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0082614A3 (en) | 1983-08-03 |
| DK558482A (da) | 1983-06-22 |
| EP0082614A2 (en) | 1983-06-29 |
| IN159217B (US07714131-20100511-C00038.png) | 1987-04-11 |
| NO824276L (no) | 1983-06-22 |
| EP0082614B1 (en) | 1986-07-23 |
| US4581157A (en) | 1986-04-08 |
| DE3272205D1 (en) | 1986-08-28 |
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| MKEX | Expiry |