CA1185498A - Soap powders and a process for their manufacture - Google Patents
Soap powders and a process for their manufactureInfo
- Publication number
- CA1185498A CA1185498A CA000395451A CA395451A CA1185498A CA 1185498 A CA1185498 A CA 1185498A CA 000395451 A CA000395451 A CA 000395451A CA 395451 A CA395451 A CA 395451A CA 1185498 A CA1185498 A CA 1185498A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- spray
- particles
- soap
- water
- microns
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007771 core particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 ether sulphates Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010053567 Coagulopathies Diseases 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035602 clotting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229960001922 sodium perborate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxidooxy(oxo)borane Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OB=O YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000006873 Coates reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BGRWYDHXPHLNKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraacetylethylenediamine Chemical compound CC(=O)N(C(C)=O)CCN(C(C)=O)C(C)=O BGRWYDHXPHLNKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960001484 edetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium nitrilotriacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RBWSWDPRDBEWCR-RKJRWTFHSA-N sodium;(2r)-2-[(2r)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-oxo-2h-furan-2-yl]-2-hydroxyethanolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O RBWSWDPRDBEWCR-RKJRWTFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical class [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000020238 sunflower seed Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/02—Preparation in the form of powder by spray drying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0039—Coated compositions or coated components in the compositions, (micro)capsules
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8103444 | 1981-02-04 | ||
| GB8103444 | 1981-02-04 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1185498A true CA1185498A (en) | 1985-04-16 |
Family
ID=10519451
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000395451A Expired CA1185498A (en) | 1981-02-04 | 1982-02-03 | Soap powders and a process for their manufacture |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0057611A3 (pt) |
| AR (1) | AR225710A1 (pt) |
| BR (1) | BR8200575A (pt) |
| CA (1) | CA1185498A (pt) |
| ES (1) | ES8302082A1 (pt) |
| GR (1) | GR76050B (pt) |
| NO (1) | NO820321L (pt) |
| PT (1) | PT74385B (pt) |
| ZA (1) | ZA82687B (pt) |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4466897A (en) * | 1981-09-29 | 1984-08-21 | Lever Brothers Company | Process for the manufacture of soap powder |
| DE4438850A1 (de) * | 1994-11-02 | 1996-05-09 | Henkel Kgaa | Feste Wertstoffzubereitungen für die mehrstufige Textilwäsche |
| AU2090399A (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 2000-07-12 | Procter & Gamble Company, The | Process for preparing a granular detergent composition |
| US6596683B1 (en) | 1998-12-22 | 2003-07-22 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for preparing a granular detergent composition |
| US7022660B1 (en) | 1999-03-09 | 2006-04-04 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for preparing detergent particles having coating or partial coating layers |
| DE60029932D1 (de) * | 1999-03-09 | 2006-09-21 | Procter & Gamble | Beschichtete oder teilweise beschichtete waschmittelteilchen |
| US6858572B1 (en) | 1999-03-09 | 2005-02-22 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for producing coated detergent particles |
| DE10152161A1 (de) * | 2001-10-25 | 2003-05-15 | Henkel Kgaa | Mittel und Vorrichtung sowie Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| WO2006016712A1 (ja) | 2004-08-11 | 2006-02-16 | Nof Corporation | 粉末状石鹸組成物 |
| DE102006056534B4 (de) * | 2006-11-27 | 2008-07-31 | "Durable" Hunke & Jochheim Gmbh & Co. Kg | Klemmmappe |
| MX342221B (es) | 2010-10-14 | 2016-09-21 | Unilever N V * | Composicion empacada de detergente particulado. |
| IN2013MN00626A (pt) * | 2010-10-14 | 2015-06-12 | Unilever Plc | |
| MY164216A (en) | 2010-10-14 | 2017-11-30 | Unilever Nv | Laundry detergent particles |
| AU2011315793B2 (en) | 2010-10-14 | 2014-03-06 | Unilever Plc | Laundry detergent particles |
| CN103154226B (zh) | 2010-10-14 | 2014-12-31 | 荷兰联合利华有限公司 | 经涂覆的颗粒洗涤剂的制造 |
| CN103154228B (zh) | 2010-10-14 | 2015-04-08 | 荷兰联合利华有限公司 | 洗衣洗涤剂颗粒 |
| ES2529715T3 (es) | 2010-10-14 | 2015-02-25 | Unilever N.V. | Composiciones de detergente particulado que comprenden agente fluorescente |
| US9284517B2 (en) | 2010-10-14 | 2016-03-15 | Conopco Inc. | Laundry detergent particle |
| EP2627760B1 (en) | 2010-10-14 | 2016-08-10 | Unilever PLC | Laundry detergent particles |
| CN103282477B (zh) * | 2010-10-14 | 2015-04-01 | 荷兰联合利华有限公司 | 顶部装载洗衣容器的方法 |
| DE202013001479U1 (de) | 2013-02-15 | 2013-04-23 | Companycreator Gmbh | Klemmmappe mit Klemmorgan zur ruck- und widerstandsfreien Einführung von Schriftgut. |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2592535A (en) * | 1941-08-01 | 1952-04-15 | Lever Brothers Ltd | Process of dedusting soap and the resulting product |
| US2715110A (en) * | 1952-06-13 | 1955-08-09 | Lever Brothers Ltd | Method for the production of a granulated soap product |
| JPS5229761B2 (pt) * | 1972-08-17 | 1977-08-04 | ||
| GB2027048B (en) * | 1978-08-03 | 1983-05-05 | Unilever Ltd | Soap compositions |
-
1982
- 1982-02-02 GR GR67183A patent/GR76050B/el unknown
- 1982-02-02 EP EP82300529A patent/EP0057611A3/en not_active Ceased
- 1982-02-02 ES ES509268A patent/ES8302082A1/es not_active Expired
- 1982-02-03 CA CA000395451A patent/CA1185498A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-02-03 NO NO820321A patent/NO820321L/no unknown
- 1982-02-03 PT PT74385A patent/PT74385B/pt unknown
- 1982-02-03 ZA ZA82687A patent/ZA82687B/xx unknown
- 1982-02-03 BR BR8200575A patent/BR8200575A/pt unknown
- 1982-02-04 AR AR288340A patent/AR225710A1/es active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GR76050B (pt) | 1984-08-03 |
| ES509268A0 (es) | 1982-12-16 |
| ES8302082A1 (es) | 1982-12-16 |
| AR225710A1 (es) | 1982-04-15 |
| EP0057611A2 (en) | 1982-08-11 |
| BR8200575A (pt) | 1982-12-07 |
| NO820321L (no) | 1982-08-05 |
| EP0057611A3 (en) | 1982-08-25 |
| ZA82687B (en) | 1983-09-28 |
| PT74385B (en) | 1984-10-22 |
| PT74385A (en) | 1982-03-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |