GB1595770A - Spraydried detergent components - Google Patents
Spraydried detergent components Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1595770A GB1595770A GB4619576A GB4619576A GB1595770A GB 1595770 A GB1595770 A GB 1595770A GB 4619576 A GB4619576 A GB 4619576A GB 4619576 A GB4619576 A GB 4619576A GB 1595770 A GB1595770 A GB 1595770A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- spray
- slurry
- absorbent
- dried
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229940032158 sodium silicate Drugs 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000019794 sodium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlormequat chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCl UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 Vinyl methyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011363 dried mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012149 noodles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/10—Carbonates ; Bicarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/02—Preparation in the form of powder by spray drying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/08—Silicates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Description
(54) SPRAY-DRIED DETERGENT COMPONENTS
(71) We, UNILEVER LIMITED, a British company, of Unilever House, Blackfriars,
London EC4, England, do hereby declare the invention for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:
This invention relates to a material prepared by spray-drying which is suitable for use as a filler in detergent compositions and also as an absorbent for nonionic surfactants.
It is now generally accepted in the detergents industry that the formulation of fabric washing powders so that the major detergentactive substance is a nonionic surfactant offers advantages, especially in the removal of oily soils from modern fabrics. Despite this generally acknowledged superiority some manufacturers have been reluctant to turn to nonionic-based detergent powders and it is considered that this reluctance is mainly occasioned by processing difficulties. It is difficult to spray-dry crutcher slurries containing high levels of nonionic surfactants as they tend to autoxidise. Furthermore, unless special measures are taken the resultant powders tend to be of unacceptably high bulk density, and creepy rather than free-flowing.In order to overcome some of these difficulties it has been proposed to manufacture detergent powders containing nonionic surfactants by methods which involve incorporating part of the nonionic surfactant into the slurry and spray-drying it. The remainder of the nonionic surfactant is incorporated by means of an adjunct - a noodle or a marume for example, or by a route involving spraying a liquified or dissolved nonionic surfactant onto an absorbent.
It has proved very difficult to find an absorbent suitable for use in the manufacture of nonionic surfactants, since such absorbents must be capable of absorbing a useful loading of nonionic surfactant, say at least 25% by weight, must preferably be functional in the detergent composition and must be of a density such that when loaded with nonionic they do not separate from the remainder of the powder or cause the overall bulk density to be too high for the requirements of the market.
Furthermore, once these problems have been overcome the absorbent must fulfil one further criterion. It must be capable of withstanding the mechanical handling to which it will be subjected between the base of the spray drying tower and the packet without becoming tacky or breaking down into fines.
We have now discovered that a material suitable for use as an obsorbent for nonionic surfactants can be obtained by spray-drying sodium carbonate mixed with sodium silicate.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a process of preparing a material suitable for use as an absorbent for nonionic surfactants which comprises spray-drying a slurry consisting essentially of sodium carbonate and sodium silicate, the weight ratio sodium carbonate to sodium silicate being from 1.0:1 to 10.0:1.
In another aspect the invention also provides a spray-dried mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium silicate in the weight ratio 1.0:1 to 10.0:1 having a bulk density of 0.15 to 0.70 particularly in the range, 0.15-0.48 gm/ml, and a moisture content of 0.5 to 12.0%.
In another aspect, the invention provides a process for the manufacture of a fabric-washing detergent powder comprising the step of admixing a liquified nonionic surfactant, or a solution of a nonionic surfactant, with an absorbent as described above.
The invention also provides a pre-mix of a nonionic surfactant and an absorbent as described above.
We have also discovered that the spray-dried material produced by the process described above is useful as a filler not only in detergent compositions containing large amounts of nonionic surfactant, but also in other detergent compositions and that it can be used in place of conventional fillers such as sodium sulphate.
According to this aspect of the invention, there is provided a washing detergent composition comprising a spray-dried mixture as described above.
The bulk density and moisture content of the spray-dried mixture may be adjusted by conventional means known in the art.
For example, as described in "Spray-Drying" by K. Masters, published by Leonard Hill
Books, 1972, greater bulk density can be obtained by increasing the degree of atomization or by increasing the rate of feed of slurry to the spray-drying tower. Conversely bulk density can be reduced by aeration of the slurry, by raising the air inlet temperature or by increasing the slurry temperature.
Conditions such that the spray-dried sodium carbonate-sodium silicate absorbent has a bulk density of 0.15 to 0.70 gms per litre are achieved when the crutcher slurry temperature is from 40-70"C, and the temperature of the air at the inlet to the spray-drying tower is from 300 to 3750C.
Optionally, a film forming organic polymer may be included amongst the materials in the crutcher slurry, partly to facilitate aeration of the slurry and partly to act as a binder in the spray-dried material. The polymer may be present in an amount of from 0.2% to 1.5%. A particularly preferred polymer material is a copolymer of vinyl methyl ether and maleic anhydride.
The invention will be further described in the following Example. Bulk densities are quoted grams/millilitre.
EXAMPLE
A crutcher slurry was prepared by mixing the following components:
Parts by weight
Soda ash 40.0
Sodium silicate (Grade 1 20)* 7.0
Vinyl methyl etherimaleic anhydride+ 2.0 copolymer (1: 1) Water 51.0 * Manufactured by Joseph Crosfield & Sons
Limited + as 35% aqueous slurry
This slurry was then aerated and spraydried in a spray-drying tower using a slurry temperature of 60 C, an air inlet temperature of 3500C and an outlet temperature of 112 C.
The resultant spray-dried powder had a bulk density of 0.35 and a moisture content of 1%.
This powder was mixed with a nonionic surfactant to form a pre-mix and was found to absorb 28% by weight of Dobanol 25 7 EO, a liquid nonionic ethoxylated "Oxo" alcohol produced by Shell Chemicals Ltd., UK.
"Dobanol" is a registered trade mark.
For the avoidance of doubt the invention does not extend to processes for spray drying slurries containing substantial amounts of organic surfactants, such as those disclosed in
British patent specifications Nos. 1 414 064; 1 408 970; 1 408 678; 1 406 095; 1 399 966; and 1 383 727.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A process of preparing a material suitable for use as an absorbent for nonionic surfactants, which comprises spray-drying an aqueous slurry consisting essentially of sodium carbonate and sodium silicate, the weight ratio sodium carbonate to sodium silicate being from 1.0:1 to 10.0:1.
2. A process according to Claim 1, wherein the conditions of spray-drying are such that the spray-dried sodium carbonate-sodium silicate absorbent has a bulk density of 0.15 to 0.70 gm/ml.
3. A process according to Claim 2, wherein the conditions of spray-drying are such that the spray-dried sodium carbonate-sodium silicate absorbent has a bulk density of 0.15 to 0.48 gm/ml.
4. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the temperature of the slurry which is spray-dried is from 40-70"C.
5. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the temperature of the air at the inlet to the spray-drying tower is from 300 to 3750C.
6. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the slurry also comprises from 0.2 to 1.5% by weight of a filmforming organic polymer.
7. A process according to Claim 6, wherein the film-forming organic polymer is a copolymer of vinyl methyl ether and maleic acid.
8. A process of preparing a material suitable for use as an absorbent for nonionic surfactants which comprises spray-drying a slurry consisting essentially of sodium carbonate and sodium silicate, substantially as hereinbefore described in the Example.
9. A spray-dried absorbent comprising a mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium sili cate in the weight ratio 1.0:1 to 10.0:1, having a bulk density of 0.15 to 0.70 gm/ml and a moisture content of from 0.5 to 12.0%.
10. A spray-dried absorbent according to
Claim 8, wherein the bulk density is from 0.15 to 0.48 mg/ml.
11. A spray-dried absorbent substantially as hereinbefore described in the Example.
12. A pre-mix suitable for the maufacture of a detergent powder comprising a nonionic surfactant and an absorbent according to any one of Claims 9, 10 or 11.
13. A pre-mix suitable for the maufacture of a detergent powder comprising a nonionic surfactant and an absorbent produced by a process according to any one of Claims 1 to 8.
14. A pre-mix substantially as hereinbefore described in the Example.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (14)
1. A process of preparing a material suitable for use as an absorbent for nonionic surfactants, which comprises spray-drying an aqueous slurry consisting essentially of sodium carbonate and sodium silicate, the weight ratio sodium carbonate to sodium silicate being from 1.0:1 to 10.0:1.
2. A process according to Claim 1, wherein the conditions of spray-drying are such that the spray-dried sodium carbonate-sodium silicate absorbent has a bulk density of 0.15 to 0.70 gm/ml.
3. A process according to Claim 2, wherein the conditions of spray-drying are such that the spray-dried sodium carbonate-sodium silicate absorbent has a bulk density of 0.15 to 0.48 gm/ml.
4. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the temperature of the slurry which is spray-dried is from 40-70"C.
5. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the temperature of the air at the inlet to the spray-drying tower is from 300 to 3750C.
6. A process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the slurry also comprises from 0.2 to 1.5% by weight of a filmforming organic polymer.
7. A process according to Claim 6, wherein the film-forming organic polymer is a copolymer of vinyl methyl ether and maleic acid.
8. A process of preparing a material suitable for use as an absorbent for nonionic surfactants which comprises spray-drying a slurry consisting essentially of sodium carbonate and sodium silicate, substantially as hereinbefore described in the Example.
9. A spray-dried absorbent comprising a mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium sili cate in the weight ratio 1.0:1 to 10.0:1, having a bulk density of 0.15 to 0.70 gm/ml and a moisture content of from 0.5 to 12.0%.
10. A spray-dried absorbent according to
Claim 8, wherein the bulk density is from 0.15 to 0.48 mg/ml.
11. A spray-dried absorbent substantially as hereinbefore described in the Example.
12. A pre-mix suitable for the maufacture of a detergent powder comprising a nonionic surfactant and an absorbent according to any one of Claims 9, 10 or 11.
13. A pre-mix suitable for the maufacture of a detergent powder comprising a nonionic surfactant and an absorbent produced by a process according to any one of Claims 1 to 8.
14. A pre-mix substantially as hereinbefore described in the Example.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB4619576A GB1595770A (en) | 1976-02-06 | 1976-02-06 | Spraydried detergent components |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB4619576A GB1595770A (en) | 1976-02-06 | 1976-02-06 | Spraydried detergent components |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1595770A true GB1595770A (en) | 1981-08-19 |
Family
ID=10440241
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB4619576A Expired GB1595770A (en) | 1976-02-06 | 1976-02-06 | Spraydried detergent components |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB1595770A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4826632A (en) * | 1986-10-20 | 1989-05-02 | Lever Brothers Company | Detergent compositions manufacturing process by spraying anionic/nonionic surfactant mix |
| EP0353562A1 (en) * | 1988-07-29 | 1990-02-07 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | Builder combination with a reduced phosphate content |
| US4900466A (en) * | 1985-11-01 | 1990-02-13 | Lever Brothers Company | Process for preparing needle-shaped crystal growth modified burkeite detergent additive |
| EP0486078A1 (en) * | 1990-11-14 | 1992-05-20 | Akzo-PQ Silica Vof | Silicate composition |
| US5344633A (en) * | 1990-11-14 | 1994-09-06 | Eka Nobel Ab | Alkali metal silicate composition with potassium compound additive |
| EP0658517A1 (en) * | 1993-11-23 | 1995-06-21 | Degussa Aktiengesellschaft | Homogeneous mixtures of silicate and carbonate of alcali metal |
| US5798328A (en) * | 1994-02-22 | 1998-08-25 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Detergent composition comprising carbonate-amorphous silicate compound as builder and processes of using same |
-
1976
- 1976-02-06 GB GB4619576A patent/GB1595770A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4900466A (en) * | 1985-11-01 | 1990-02-13 | Lever Brothers Company | Process for preparing needle-shaped crystal growth modified burkeite detergent additive |
| US4826632A (en) * | 1986-10-20 | 1989-05-02 | Lever Brothers Company | Detergent compositions manufacturing process by spraying anionic/nonionic surfactant mix |
| EP0353562A1 (en) * | 1988-07-29 | 1990-02-07 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | Builder combination with a reduced phosphate content |
| WO1990001534A1 (en) * | 1988-07-29 | 1990-02-22 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Low-phosphate builder salt combination |
| EP0486078A1 (en) * | 1990-11-14 | 1992-05-20 | Akzo-PQ Silica Vof | Silicate composition |
| US5338528A (en) * | 1990-11-14 | 1994-08-16 | Eka Nobel Ab | Alkali metal silicate composition with sodium carbonate additive |
| US5344633A (en) * | 1990-11-14 | 1994-09-06 | Eka Nobel Ab | Alkali metal silicate composition with potassium compound additive |
| US5547603A (en) * | 1990-11-14 | 1996-08-20 | Eka Nobel Ab | Silicate composition |
| EP0658517A1 (en) * | 1993-11-23 | 1995-06-21 | Degussa Aktiengesellschaft | Homogeneous mixtures of silicate and carbonate of alcali metal |
| US5798328A (en) * | 1994-02-22 | 1998-08-25 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Detergent composition comprising carbonate-amorphous silicate compound as builder and processes of using same |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |