CA1170839A - Extraction process for the separation of a highly nickel-free cobalt product from aqueous solutions of cobalt and nickel - Google Patents
Extraction process for the separation of a highly nickel-free cobalt product from aqueous solutions of cobalt and nickelInfo
- Publication number
- CA1170839A CA1170839A CA000378353A CA378353A CA1170839A CA 1170839 A CA1170839 A CA 1170839A CA 000378353 A CA000378353 A CA 000378353A CA 378353 A CA378353 A CA 378353A CA 1170839 A CA1170839 A CA 1170839A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- cobalt
- extraction
- magnesium
- solution
- process according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Substances OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- SEGLCEQVOFDUPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid Chemical group CCCCC(CC)COP(O)(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC SEGLCEQVOFDUPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZDFBXXSHBTVQMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexoxy(2-ethylhexyl)phosphinic acid Chemical group CCCCC(CC)COP(O)(=O)CC(CC)CCCC ZDFBXXSHBTVQMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- YHZUKKGGOYXZHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexoxy-(2-ethylhexyl)-oxophosphanium Chemical group CCCCC(CC)CO[P+](=O)CC(CC)CCCC YHZUKKGGOYXZHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013495 cobalt Nutrition 0.000 description 112
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 20
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 ammonium ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- RRCYYLHJWRYWEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO Chemical compound OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO RRCYYLHJWRYWEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- PLLBRTOLHQQAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methylnonan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCO PLLBRTOLHQQAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIQWBVPFHHQZHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N OOOOOOOOOOOOOO Chemical compound OOOOOOOOOOOOOO UIQWBVPFHHQZHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Natural products P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018103 ScO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ni] Chemical group [Co].[Ni] QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MKUXAQIIEYXACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aciclovir Chemical compound N1C(N)=NC(=O)C2=C1N(COCCO)C=N2 MKUXAQIIEYXACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001334 alicyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000005840 aryl radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 229910000361 cobalt sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940044175 cobalt sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002028 dodecanols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATTFYOXEMHAYAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nickel Chemical group [Mg].[Ni] ATTFYOXEMHAYAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001139 pH measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003385 sodium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G51/00—Compounds of cobalt
- C01G51/01—Preparation or separation involving a liquid-liquid extraction, an adsorption or an ion-exchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/26—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds
- C22B3/38—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds containing phosphorus
- C22B3/384—Pentavalent phosphorus oxyacids, esters thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI801709A FI63442C (fi) | 1980-05-27 | 1980-05-27 | Extraktionsfoerfarande foer separering av en koboltprodukt somaer mycket ren fraon nickel ur vattenloesningar av kobolt oh nickel |
| FI801709 | 1980-05-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1170839A true CA1170839A (en) | 1984-07-17 |
Family
ID=8513513
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000378353A Expired CA1170839A (en) | 1980-05-27 | 1981-05-26 | Extraction process for the separation of a highly nickel-free cobalt product from aqueous solutions of cobalt and nickel |
Country Status (14)
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4956154A (en) * | 1988-03-09 | 1990-09-11 | Unc Reclamation | Selective removal of chromium, nickel, cobalt, copper and lead cations from aqueous effluent solutions |
| WO2025003516A1 (en) | 2023-06-29 | 2025-01-02 | Umicore | Process for selectively extracting cobalt from an aqueous nickel-cobalt solution |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59157233A (ja) * | 1983-02-25 | 1984-09-06 | Nippon Mining Co Ltd | ニツケルとコバルトの抽出分離に用いる抽出剤及び該抽出剤を用いる方法 |
| US4671821A (en) * | 1983-08-26 | 1987-06-09 | Albright & Wilson Inc. | Extracting cobalt from aqueous solutions containing nickel with mono-ester of benzylphosphonic acid |
| US4619816A (en) * | 1985-11-21 | 1986-10-28 | American Cyanamid Company | Recovery of cobalt from ammoniacal solutions containing cobalt and nickel |
| CN1035558C (zh) * | 1992-09-30 | 1997-08-06 | 中国科学技术大学 | 一种制备高纯镍盐的萃淋树脂置换萃取色谱法 |
| JP5881952B2 (ja) * | 2011-01-24 | 2016-03-09 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 硫酸コバルトの製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FI51110C (fi) * | 1973-05-22 | 1976-10-11 | Outokumpu Oy | Tapa erottaa kobolttia(II) ja nikkeliä(II) neste-nesteuuttauksella |
| JPS5924168B2 (ja) * | 1977-05-14 | 1984-06-07 | 株式会社大八化学工業所 | 溶媒抽出法によるコバルトとニツケルの分離方法 |
| US4246240A (en) * | 1978-07-24 | 1981-01-20 | Nippon Mining Co., Ltd. | Process for separating cobalt and nickel from a solution containing cobalt and nickel |
| AU516800B2 (en) * | 1978-11-09 | 1981-06-25 | Nippon Mining Company Limited | Separation and recovery of cobalt by stripping |
-
1980
- 1980-05-27 FI FI801709A patent/FI63442C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1981
- 1981-05-14 DE DE19813119147 patent/DE3119147A1/de active Granted
- 1981-05-14 FR FR8109639A patent/FR2483464B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1981-05-18 PT PT73049A patent/PT73049B/pt unknown
- 1981-05-20 ZA ZA00813377A patent/ZA813377B/xx unknown
- 1981-05-20 BE BE0/204853A patent/BE888888A/fr unknown
- 1981-05-25 SE SE8103283A patent/SE453923B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-05-26 NO NO811782A patent/NO159733C/no unknown
- 1981-05-26 BR BR8103269A patent/BR8103269A/pt unknown
- 1981-05-26 ZW ZW120/81A patent/ZW12081A1/xx unknown
- 1981-05-26 CA CA000378353A patent/CA1170839A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-05-27 CU CU8135466A patent/CU35466A/es unknown
- 1981-05-27 MA MA19364A patent/MA19155A1/fr unknown
- 1981-05-27 JP JP56079469A patent/JPS57123834A/ja active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4956154A (en) * | 1988-03-09 | 1990-09-11 | Unc Reclamation | Selective removal of chromium, nickel, cobalt, copper and lead cations from aqueous effluent solutions |
| WO2025003516A1 (en) | 2023-06-29 | 2025-01-02 | Umicore | Process for selectively extracting cobalt from an aqueous nickel-cobalt solution |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO811782L (no) | 1981-11-30 |
| PT73049A (en) | 1981-06-01 |
| FI63442C (fi) | 1983-06-10 |
| NO159733C (no) | 1989-02-01 |
| CU35466A (en) | 1982-12-22 |
| NO159733B (no) | 1988-10-24 |
| FR2483464B1 (fr) | 1986-09-05 |
| FI801709A7 (fi) | 1981-11-28 |
| DE3119147A1 (de) | 1982-03-04 |
| ZW12081A1 (en) | 1982-09-15 |
| ZA813377B (en) | 1982-06-30 |
| PT73049B (en) | 1982-07-01 |
| SE8103283L (sv) | 1981-11-28 |
| BR8103269A (pt) | 1982-02-16 |
| FR2483464A1 (fr) | 1981-12-04 |
| SE453923B (sv) | 1988-03-14 |
| JPS57123834A (en) | 1982-08-02 |
| MA19155A1 (fr) | 1981-12-31 |
| DE3119147C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1988-08-04 |
| BE888888A (fr) | 1981-09-16 |
| FI63442B (fi) | 1983-02-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |